A CHECKLIST AND CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING DINOFLAGELLATES (DINOFLAGELLATA, ALVEOLATA)
A checklist and classification of the extant dinoflagellates are given. Dinokaryotic dinoflagellates (including Noctilucales) comprised 2,294 species belonging to 238 genera. Dinoflagellates sensu lato (Ellobiopsea, Oxyrrhea, Syndinea and Dinokaryota) comprised 2,377 species belonging to 259 genera. The nomenclature of several taxa has been corrected according to the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. When gene sequences were available, the species were classified following the Small and Large SubUnit rDNA (SSU and LSU rDNA) phylogenies. No taxonomical innovations are proposed herein. However, the checklist revealed that taxa distantly related to the type species of their genera would need to be placed in a new or another known genus. At present, the most extended molecular markers are unable to elucidate the interrelations between the classical orders, and the available sequences of other markers are still insufficient. The classification of the dinoflagellates remains unresolved, especially at the order level.
A checklist and classification of the extant dinoflagellates are given. Dinokaryotic dinoflagellates (including Noctilucales) comprised 2,294 species belonging to 238 genera. Dinoflagellates sensu lato (Ellobiopsea, Oxyrrhea, Syndinea and Dinokaryota) comprised 2,377 species belonging to 259 genera. The nomenclature of several taxa has been corrected according to the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. When gene sequences were available, the species were classified following the Small and Large SubUnit rDNA (SSU and LSU rDNA) phylogenies. No taxonomical innovations are proposed herein. However, the checklist revealed that taxa distantly related to the type species of their genera would need to be placed in a new or another known genus. At present, the most extended molecular markers are unable to elucidate the interrelations between the classical orders, and the available sequences of other markers are still insufficient. The classification of the dinoflagellates remains unresolved, especially at the order level.
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94 GÓMEZ<br />
Table 2. Continued.<br />
735 Gymnodinium obesum J. Schiller<br />
736 Gymnodinium parvum J. Larsen 1994<br />
737 Gymnodinium polycomma J. Larsen 1994<br />
738 Gymnodinium prolatum J. Larsen 1994<br />
739 Gymnodinium puniceum Kof. & Swezy 1921<br />
740 Gymnodinium radiatum Kof. & Swezy 1921<br />
741 Gymnodinium rhomboides F. Schütt 1895<br />
742 Gymnodinium rubricauda Kof. & Swezy 1921<br />
743 Gymnodinium rubrocinctum M. Lebour 1925<br />
744 Gymnodinium scopulosum Kof. & Swezy 1921<br />
745 Gymnodinium situla Kof. & Swezy 1921<br />
746 Gymnodinium sphaericum (Calk. 1902) Kof. & Swezy 1921 (=Gymnodinium gracile var. sphaerica Calk.)<br />
747 Gymnodinium stellatum Hulbult 1957<br />
748 Gymnodinium sulcatum Kof. & Swezy 1921<br />
749 Gymnodinium translucens Kof. & Swezy 1921 (non Gymnodinium translucens P.H. Campb. 1973)<br />
750 Gymnodinium translucens P.H. Campb. 1973 (non Gymnodinium translucens Kof. & Swezy 1921)<br />
751 Gymnodinium variabile Herdman 1924<br />
752 Gymnodinium vestificii F. Schütt 1885 (=?Katodinium glaucum (M. Lebour 1917) A.R. Loebl. 1965)<br />
Gymnodinium vorax Massart 1901 (nom. nud.) (non Gyrodinium vorax Biecheler 1952)<br />
753 Gymnodinium voukii J. Schiller 1928<br />
754 Gymnodinium wilczekii C.H.G. Pouchet 1894<br />
755 Gymnodinium wulffii J. Schiller 1933 (non Gyrodinium wulffii J. Schiller 1933)<br />
756 Gyrodinium acutum (F. Schütt) Kof. & Swezy 1921<br />
757 Gyrodinium adriaticum J. Schiller 1928 (=Cochlodinium adriaticum J. Schiller 1933)<br />
758 Gyrodinium antarcticum Hasle 1960<br />
759 Gyrodinium apidiomorphum R.E. Norris 1961<br />
760 Gyrodinium apuntatum W. Busch 1927<br />
761 Gyrodinium arcticum Bursa 1961<br />
762 Gyrodinium atractos J. Larsen 1996<br />
763 Gyrodinium biconicum Kof. & Swezy 1921 (non Gymnodinium biconicum J. Schiller 1928)<br />
764 Gyrodinium bistellatum W. Conrad & Kuff. 1954<br />
765 Gyrodinium californicum Bursa 1962<br />
766 Gyrodinium capsulatum Kof. & Swezy 1921<br />
767 Gyrodinium carteretense P.H. Campb. 1973<br />
768 Gyrodinium chiasmonetrium R.E. Norris 1961<br />
769 Gyrodinium citrinum Kof. 1931<br />
770 Gyrodinium cochlea M. Lebour 1925<br />
771 Gyrodinium complanatum P.H. Campb. 1973<br />
772 Gyrodinium concentricum (M. Lebour 1917) Kof. & Swezy 1921 (=Spirodinium concentricum M. Lebour)<br />
773 Gyrodinium conicum J. Schiller 1928<br />
774<br />
Gyrodinium contortum (F. Schütt 1895) Kof. & Swezy 1921 (=Gym. contortum F. Schütt, Gymnodinium opimum F.<br />
Schütt 1895 partim)<br />
775 Gyrodinium corallinum Kof. & Swezy 1921<br />
776<br />
Gyrodinium cornutum (C.H.G. Pouchet 1885) Kof. & Swezy 1921 (=Gym. spirale var. cornutum C.H.G. Pouchet,<br />
non G. cornutum F. Schütt 1895)<br />
777 Gyrodinium crassum (C.H.G. Pouchet 1885) Kof. & Swezy 1921 (=Gymnodinium crassum C.H.G. Pouchet)<br />
778 Gyrodinium culeus Kof. & Swezy 1921<br />
779 Gyrodinium cuneatum Kof. & Swezy 1921 (=?Gymnodinium gracile Bergh 1881)
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