A CHECKLIST AND CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING DINOFLAGELLATES (DINOFLAGELLATA, ALVEOLATA)
A checklist and classification of the extant dinoflagellates are given. Dinokaryotic dinoflagellates (including Noctilucales) comprised 2,294 species belonging to 238 genera. Dinoflagellates sensu lato (Ellobiopsea, Oxyrrhea, Syndinea and Dinokaryota) comprised 2,377 species belonging to 259 genera. The nomenclature of several taxa has been corrected according to the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. When gene sequences were available, the species were classified following the Small and Large SubUnit rDNA (SSU and LSU rDNA) phylogenies. No taxonomical innovations are proposed herein. However, the checklist revealed that taxa distantly related to the type species of their genera would need to be placed in a new or another known genus. At present, the most extended molecular markers are unable to elucidate the interrelations between the classical orders, and the available sequences of other markers are still insufficient. The classification of the dinoflagellates remains unresolved, especially at the order level.
A checklist and classification of the extant dinoflagellates are given. Dinokaryotic dinoflagellates (including Noctilucales) comprised 2,294 species belonging to 238 genera. Dinoflagellates sensu lato (Ellobiopsea, Oxyrrhea, Syndinea and Dinokaryota) comprised 2,377 species belonging to 259 genera. The nomenclature of several taxa has been corrected according to the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. When gene sequences were available, the species were classified following the Small and Large SubUnit rDNA (SSU and LSU rDNA) phylogenies. No taxonomical innovations are proposed herein. However, the checklist revealed that taxa distantly related to the type species of their genera would need to be placed in a new or another known genus. At present, the most extended molecular markers are unable to elucidate the interrelations between the classical orders, and the available sequences of other markers are still insufficient. The classification of the dinoflagellates remains unresolved, especially at the order level.
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102 GÓMEZ<br />
Table 2. Continued.<br />
1012 Glenodinium sungariense Skvortzov 1958<br />
1013 Glenodinium turbo C.H.G. Pouchet 1885<br />
1014 Glenodinium turfosum Skvortzov 1958<br />
1015 Glenodinium vernale Skvortzov 1968<br />
1016 Glenodinium vindobonense J. Schiller 1955<br />
1017 Glenodinium viride Skvortzov 1958<br />
1018 Glenodinium warmingii Bergh 1881<br />
140 Kansodinium Carty & E.R. Cox 1986<br />
1019<br />
Kansodinium ambiguum (R.H. Thomps. 1950) Carty & E.R. Cox (=Glenodinium ambiguum R.H. Thomps.,<br />
Diplopsalis ambiguum (R.H. Thomps.) Bourr. 1970, non Peridinium ambiguum Er. Lindem.)<br />
141 Lophodinium Lemmerm. 1910<br />
1020<br />
Lophodinium polylophum (Daday 1905) Lemmerm. 1910 (=L. dadayi Osorio-Tafall 1942, Glenodinium polylophum<br />
Daday)<br />
142 Nephrodinium Meunier 1910<br />
1021<br />
Nephrodinium karianum Meunier 1910 (=Peridinium karianum (Meunier) J. Schiller 1937, non P. karianum Henckel<br />
1925)<br />
1022 Nephrodinium nivale Meunier 1910 (=Peridinium nivale (Meunier) J. Schiller 1937)<br />
143 Palatinus Craveiro, Calado, Daugbjerg & Moestrup 2009 -type P. apiculatus<br />
1023<br />
1024<br />
Palatinus apiculatus (Ehrenb. 1838) Craveiro, Calado, Daugbjerg & Moestrup 2009 (=Glen. apiculatus Ehrenb.<br />
1838, P. apiculatum (Ehrenb.) Clap. & J. Lachm. 1859, Palatinus apiculatus var. laevis (Huitf.-Kaas 1900) Craveiro,<br />
Calado, Daugbjerg & Moestrup 2009, P. laeve Huitf.-Kaas 1900, P. palatinum f. laeve (Huitf.-Kaas) Er. Lindem.<br />
1928, P. marssonii Lemmerm. 1900, P. anglicum G.S. West 1909, Properidinium apiculatum (Ehrenb.) Meunier<br />
1919)<br />
Palatinus pseudolaevis (M. Lefèvre 1926) Craveiro, Calado, Daugbjerg & Moestrup 2009 (=Peridinium pseudolaeve<br />
M. Lefèvre)<br />
144 Peridiniopsis Lemmerm. 1904 -type P. borgei (15 species)<br />
1025 Peridiniopsis amazonica Barbara Mey. 1997<br />
1026 Peridiniopsis armebeensis Ten-Hage, K.P. Da & Couté 2007<br />
1027<br />
Peridiniopsis borgei Lemmerm. 1904 (=P. borgei (Lemmerm.) Lemmerm. 1910, Glen. borgei (Lemmerm.) J.<br />
Schiller 1937)<br />
1028 Peridiniopsis charkowiensis (Matv. 1938) Bourr. 1968 (=Peridinium charkowiensis Matv.)<br />
1029 Peridiniopsis cristatum (Balech 1961) Bourr. 1968 (=Glenodinium cristatum Balech)<br />
1030<br />
1031<br />
Peridiniopsis cunningtonii Lemmerm. 1907 (=Peridinium suttonii B.M. Griffiths 1922, Glenodinium sedens Er.<br />
Lindem. 1928, Peridinium treubii Wolosz. 1912, Heterocapsa quinquecuspidata Massart 1920)<br />
Peridiniopsis elpatiewskyi (Ostenf. 1907) Bourr. 1968 (=P. pygmaeum Er. Lindem. 1918, Peridiniopsis pygmeum<br />
(Er. Lindem.) Bourr., P. umbonatum var. elpatiewskyi Ostenf., Glen. elpatiewskyi (Ostenf.) J. Schiller 1935, Glen.<br />
pygmaeum (Er. Lindem.) J. Schiller 1937)<br />
1032 Peridiniopsis kulczynskii (Wolosz. 1916) Bourr. 1968 (=Glenodinium kulczynskii (Wolosz.) Er. Lindem. 1928)<br />
1033 Peridiniopsis lindemannii (M. Lefèvre 1927) Bourr. 1968 (=Glenodinium lindemannii M. Lefèvre)<br />
1034 Peridiniopsis oculata (F. Stein 1883) Bourr. 1968 (=Glenodinium oculatum F. Stein)<br />
1035<br />
Peridiniopsis quinquecuspidata (Nygaard 1926) Gert Hansen & Flaim 2007 (=P. cunningtonii var. quinquecuspidata<br />
Nygaard, Glen. quadridens var. quinquecuspidatum (Massart) J. Schiller 1935)<br />
1036 Peridiniopsis salina J.M. Trigueros 2000<br />
1037 Peridiniopsis sphaeroidea (Christen 1958) Bourr. 1968 (=Peridinium sphaeroideum Christen)<br />
1038 Peridiniopsis thompsonii (R.H. Thomps.) Bourr. 1968<br />
1039<br />
Peridiniopsis viguieri (M. Lefèvre 1932) Bourr. 1968 (=Glen. viguieri (M. Lefèvre) J. Schiller 1937, P. viguieri M.<br />
Lefèvre)<br />
145 Thompsodinium Bourr. 1970<br />
1040<br />
Thompsodinium intermedium (R.H. Thomps. 1951) Bourr. 1970 (=Peridinium intermedium R.H. Thomps., ?P.<br />
intermedium Playfair 1919)
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