A CHECKLIST AND CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING DINOFLAGELLATES (DINOFLAGELLATA, ALVEOLATA)
A checklist and classification of the extant dinoflagellates are given. Dinokaryotic dinoflagellates (including Noctilucales) comprised 2,294 species belonging to 238 genera. Dinoflagellates sensu lato (Ellobiopsea, Oxyrrhea, Syndinea and Dinokaryota) comprised 2,377 species belonging to 259 genera. The nomenclature of several taxa has been corrected according to the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. When gene sequences were available, the species were classified following the Small and Large SubUnit rDNA (SSU and LSU rDNA) phylogenies. No taxonomical innovations are proposed herein. However, the checklist revealed that taxa distantly related to the type species of their genera would need to be placed in a new or another known genus. At present, the most extended molecular markers are unable to elucidate the interrelations between the classical orders, and the available sequences of other markers are still insufficient. The classification of the dinoflagellates remains unresolved, especially at the order level.
A checklist and classification of the extant dinoflagellates are given. Dinokaryotic dinoflagellates (including Noctilucales) comprised 2,294 species belonging to 238 genera. Dinoflagellates sensu lato (Ellobiopsea, Oxyrrhea, Syndinea and Dinokaryota) comprised 2,377 species belonging to 259 genera. The nomenclature of several taxa has been corrected according to the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. When gene sequences were available, the species were classified following the Small and Large SubUnit rDNA (SSU and LSU rDNA) phylogenies. No taxonomical innovations are proposed herein. However, the checklist revealed that taxa distantly related to the type species of their genera would need to be placed in a new or another known genus. At present, the most extended molecular markers are unable to elucidate the interrelations between the classical orders, and the available sequences of other markers are still insufficient. The classification of the dinoflagellates remains unresolved, especially at the order level.
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108 GÓMEZ<br />
Table 2. Continued.<br />
1220<br />
Protoperidinium brochii (Kof. & Swezy 1921) Balech 1974 (=P. adriaticum Broch 1920, non P. adriaticum Schmarda<br />
1846)<br />
1221 Protoperidinium bulbosum (Gaarder) Balech 1974<br />
1222 Protoperidinium bulla (Meunier 1910) Balech 1974<br />
1223<br />
Protoperidinium capurroi (Balech 1959) Balech 1974 (=?P. brachypus T.H. Abé 1981, non P. brachypus J. Schiller<br />
1937)<br />
1224 Protoperidinium carinaeferum (G.I. Gail 1950) Balech 1994 (=P. carinaeferum G.I. Gail)<br />
1225 Protoperidinium carum (T.H. Abé 1981) Balech 1994 (=P. carus T.H. Abé)<br />
1226 Protoperidinium cassum (Balech 1971) Balech 1974 (=Protoperidinium cassum cassum Balech 1988)<br />
1227 Protoperidinium castaneiforme (L. Mangin 1926) Balech 1974<br />
1228 Protoperidinium cavispinum (L. Mangin 1926) Balech 1974<br />
1229 Protoperidinium cepa (Balech 1971) Balech 1974<br />
1230 Protoperidinium cerasus (Paulsen 1907) Balech 1973<br />
1231 Protoperidinium charcotii (Balech 1958) Balech 1974<br />
1232 Protoperidinium claudum Balech 1994 (=P. asymmetricum G. Karst. sensu Böhm 1936, non G. Karst. 1907)<br />
1233 Protoperidinium colombonense (Matzen. 1933) Balech 1974<br />
1234<br />
1235<br />
Protoperidinium compressum (T.H. Abé 1927) Balech 1974 (=Congruentidium compressum T.H. Abé 1927, P.<br />
compressum T.H. Abé 1981, Stelladinium stellatum (D. Wall 1968) P.C. Reid 1977)<br />
Protoperidinium concavum (L. Mangin 1926) Balech 1974 (=?Protoperidinium granii (Ostenf. 1906) Balech 1974,<br />
P. petersii Balech 1958)<br />
1236 Protoperidinium concinnus M.A. Faust 2006 (subgenus Testeria M.A. Faust)<br />
1237 Protoperidinium consimile (T.H. Abé 1981) Balech 1994 (=P. consimilis T.H. Abé)<br />
1238 Protoperidinium corniculum (Kof. & J.R. Michener 1911) F.J.R. Taylor & Balech 1979<br />
1239 Protoperidinium cornutum (G. Karst. 1907) Balech 1974<br />
1240<br />
Protoperidinium crassipyrum (Balech 1961) Balech 1974 (=P. crassum Balech (1959) Balech 1974, non P. crassum<br />
P.A. Dangeard 1927)<br />
1241 Protoperidinium cristatum Balech 1979<br />
1242 Protoperidinium cruciferum (Balech 1971) Balech 1973 (=?P. parvum T.H. Abé 1981)<br />
1243 Protoperidinium curtum (Balech 1958) Balech 1973<br />
1244 Protoperidinium curvipes (Ostenf. 1906) Balech 1974<br />
1245 Protoperidinium cuspidatum Balech 1979<br />
1246<br />
Protoperidinium dakariense (P.A. Dangeard 1927) Balech 1974 (=P. gibbosum Matzen. (1933) Balech 1974, P.<br />
parvispinum Gaarder 1954)<br />
1247 Protoperidinium decens (Balech 1971) Balech 1974 (=Protoperidinium cassum var. decens Balech 1988)<br />
1248 Protoperidinium decipiens (Jørg. 1899) Parke & J.D. Dodge 1976<br />
1249 Protoperidinium decollatum (Balech 1971) Balech 1974<br />
1250 Protoperidinium defectum (Balech 1965) Balech 1974<br />
1251 Protoperidinium deficiens (Meunier 1919) Balech 1974<br />
1252 Protoperidinium discoides (Wailes 1928) Balech 1974 (=?P. denticulatum)<br />
1253<br />
Protoperidinium divaricatum (Meunier 1919) Parke & J.D. Dodge 1976 (=P. gainii (P.A. Dangeard 1927) Balech<br />
1974, P. divaricatum (Meunier) Balech 1988)<br />
1254 Protoperidinium dodgei Okolodkov 1997<br />
1255 Protoperidinium dolichoporum B. Borgese 1987<br />
1256 Protoperidinium elegantissimum (Balech 1958) Balech 1974<br />
1257 Protoperidinium ellipticum Halim 1969<br />
1258 Protoperidinium elongatum (Meunier 1910) Balech 1974<br />
1259 Protoperidinium exageratum Balech 1979 (=P. globulus var. quarnerense f. spirale Gaarder 1954)<br />
1260 Protoperidinium exiguipes (L. Mangin 1930) J.D. Dodge 1985<br />
1261 Protoperidinium exiguum (Cleve 1900) Balech 1974
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