A CHECKLIST AND CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING DINOFLAGELLATES (DINOFLAGELLATA, ALVEOLATA)
A checklist and classification of the extant dinoflagellates are given. Dinokaryotic dinoflagellates (including Noctilucales) comprised 2,294 species belonging to 238 genera. Dinoflagellates sensu lato (Ellobiopsea, Oxyrrhea, Syndinea and Dinokaryota) comprised 2,377 species belonging to 259 genera. The nomenclature of several taxa has been corrected according to the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. When gene sequences were available, the species were classified following the Small and Large SubUnit rDNA (SSU and LSU rDNA) phylogenies. No taxonomical innovations are proposed herein. However, the checklist revealed that taxa distantly related to the type species of their genera would need to be placed in a new or another known genus. At present, the most extended molecular markers are unable to elucidate the interrelations between the classical orders, and the available sequences of other markers are still insufficient. The classification of the dinoflagellates remains unresolved, especially at the order level.
A checklist and classification of the extant dinoflagellates are given. Dinokaryotic dinoflagellates (including Noctilucales) comprised 2,294 species belonging to 238 genera. Dinoflagellates sensu lato (Ellobiopsea, Oxyrrhea, Syndinea and Dinokaryota) comprised 2,377 species belonging to 259 genera. The nomenclature of several taxa has been corrected according to the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. When gene sequences were available, the species were classified following the Small and Large SubUnit rDNA (SSU and LSU rDNA) phylogenies. No taxonomical innovations are proposed herein. However, the checklist revealed that taxa distantly related to the type species of their genera would need to be placed in a new or another known genus. At present, the most extended molecular markers are unable to elucidate the interrelations between the classical orders, and the available sequences of other markers are still insufficient. The classification of the dinoflagellates remains unresolved, especially at the order level.
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110 GÓMEZ<br />
Table 2. Continued.<br />
1303<br />
Protoperidinium latissimum (Kof. 1907) Balech 1974 (=P. pentagonoides Balech 1949, P. pentagonum var.<br />
latissimum (Kof.) J. Schiller 1937, ?P. sylvanae P.A. Dangeard 1927, Protoperidinium exiquipes (L. Mangin 1930)<br />
J.D. Dodge 1985)<br />
1304 Protoperidinium latistriatum (Balech 1958) Balech 1974<br />
1305 Protoperidinium ligusticum (Rampi 1951) Balech 1974<br />
1306<br />
1307<br />
Protoperidinium lipopodium (Balech 1964) Balech 1974 (=P. subcurvipes Balech 1959, non P. subcurvipes M.<br />
Lebour 1923)<br />
Protoperidinium longispinum (Kof. 1907) Balech 1974 (=P. michaelis Ehrenb. 1840 partim, non P. longispinum L.<br />
Mangin 1930)<br />
1308 Protoperidinium macrapicatum (Balech 1971) Balech 1973 (=?P. gracile Gran & Braarud 1935)<br />
1309 Protoperidinium majus (P.A. Dangeard 1927) Balech 1974 (=P. ovatum var. majus P.A. Dangeard)<br />
1310 Protoperidinium manginii (Balech 1971) Balech 1974 (=P. pyriforme N. Peters 1928)<br />
1311 Protoperidinium maranense Tolomio 1981<br />
1312<br />
Protoperidinium marielebouriae (Paulsen 1931) Balech 1974 (=P. obtusum (G. Karst. 1906) M. Lebour 1925, non<br />
P. obtusum (G. Karst.) Fauré-Frem. 1980)<br />
1313 Protoperidinium marukawai (T.H. Abé 1936) Balech 1974<br />
1314 Protoperidinium mastophorum (Balech 1971) Balech 1974 (=P. granii Matzen. 1933, non P. granii Ostenf. 1906)<br />
1315 Protoperidinium mediocre (Balech 1958) Balech 1974<br />
1316 Protoperidinium melo (Balech 1971) Balech 1974<br />
1317 Protoperidinium mendiolae Balech 1978<br />
1318 Protoperidinium metananum (Balech 1965) Balech 1974<br />
1319 Protoperidinium minus (L. Mangin 1926) Balech 1974<br />
1320 Protoperidinium minutissimum (L. Mangin 1926) Balech 1974<br />
1321 Protoperidinium mite (Pavill. 1916) Balech 1974 (=P. granii Ostenf. f. mite (Pavill.) J. Schiller 1937)<br />
1322 Protoperidinium monacanthum (Broch 1910) Balech 1973 (=P. complanatum Meunier 1910)<br />
1323 Protoperidinium monovelum (T.H. Abé 1936) Balech 1974<br />
1324 Protoperidinium multipunctatum (Fauré-Frem. 1908) Balech 1994 (=P. multipunctatum Fauré-Frem.)<br />
1325 Protoperidinium munobis (T.H. Abé 1927) Balech 1974<br />
1326<br />
1327<br />
Protoperidinium murrayi (Kof. 1907) Hernández-Becerril 1991 (=P. murrayi Kof. 1907, P. murrayi var. occidentalis<br />
Pavill. 1930, P. murrayi var. orientalis Matzen. 1933)<br />
Protoperidinium mutsuense (T.H. Abé 1936) Balech 1974 (=P. mutsuensis T.H. Abé, non Peridinium mutsui J.<br />
Schiller 1935)<br />
1328 Protoperidinium nanum (Balech 1962) Balech 1974<br />
1329<br />
1330<br />
Protoperidinium norpacense (Balech 1962) Balech 1974 (=P. heteracanthum P.A. Dangeard sensu Matzen. 1933,<br />
non P. heteracanthum P.A. Dangeard 1927)<br />
Protoperidinium novascotiense (Gran & Braarud 1935) Balech 1974 (=?Scrippsiella hangoei (J. Schiller 1935) J.<br />
Larsen 1995)<br />
1331 Protoperidinium novellus M.A. Faust 2006 (subgenus Testeria)<br />
1332 Protoperidinium nudum (Meunier 1910) Balech 1974<br />
1333 Protoperidinium nux (J. Schiller 1937) Balech 1974 (=P. levanderi T.H. Abé 1927, P. aequilimbus T.H. Abé 1981)<br />
1334 Protoperidinium obesum (Matzen. 1933) Balech 1974<br />
1335 Protoperidinium obtusipes (L. Mangin 1930) Balech 1974<br />
1336 Protoperidinium oceanicum (Vanhöffen 1897) Balech 1974<br />
1337 Protoperidinium okamurai Yoneda & Marukawa 1921 (non Protoperidinium gibberum (T.H. Abé 1981) Balech 1994)<br />
1338 Protoperidinium orientale (Matzen. 1933) Balech 1974<br />
1339 Protoperidinium ovatoides (Meunier 1910) Balech 1974<br />
1340<br />
Protoperidinium ovatum C.H.G. Pouchet 1883 (=P. lenticulatum Fauré-Frem. 1908, Protoperidinium ovatum ssp.<br />
asymmetricum (P.A. Dangeard 1927) Balech 1988, Peridinium ovatum (C.H.G. Pouchet) F. Schütt 1895)<br />
1341 Protoperidinium oviforme (P.A. Dangeard 1927) Balech 1974
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