Trinidad and Tobago 2012 - invesTT

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INTRODUCING Trinidad and Tobago The Republic of Trinidad and Tobago comprises the two most southerly isles of the Caribbean archipelago. A former British colony, Trinidad and Tobago gained independence on August 31, 1962 and later became a republic on August 1, 1976. Trinidad is 4,828 sq km (1,864 sq mi) in area and approximately rectangular in shape. It is 81.25 km long by 57-73 km wide, or 50 miles by 35-45 miles. Once attached to the South American mainland, the island is situated 12 km (7 miles) northeast of the coast of Venezuela and is separated from it by the Gulf of Paria, in which there are several islets, including Chacachacare, Huevos, Monos and Gaspar Grande. The island of Trinidad has three (3) mountain ranges. The Northern Range with the highest point, El Cerro del Aripo, at 940 metres (3,084 ft) above sea level, is an extension of the Andes mountain chain. It runs along the northern coast of the island and is home to the majority of Trinidad’s lush rainforest and a number of wild species eagerly sought by nature lovers. The Central Range, runs diagonally across the island, consisting of flat land for agriculture purpose. The Southern Range, featuring rolling hills, runs along the southern coast of the island, and is home to the La Brea Pitch Lake, from which asphalt is produced. Tobago, 300 sq km (116 sq miles) in area, lies 34 km (21 miles) northeast of Trinidad. Of volcanic origin, the island is a single mountain mass, although the southwest is flat or undulating and coralline. The highest peak, the Main Ridge, reaches an elevation of about 576 metres (1,890 ft). The coastline is broken by inlets and sheltered beaches, and there are several uninhabited islets. The island is tourism dependent with the famous Buccoo Reef being the star attraction. Trinidad is home to 95% of the total population of 1.3 million people and the balance resides in Tobago. Geography Islands’ Geographic Coordinates: Latitude 10 1/2° N, Longitude 61 1/2° W Trinidad & Tobago is approximately: • 613 km (381 miles) from Caracas Flying time: 1.2 hours • 2598 km (1614 miles) from Miami Flying time: 3.75 hours • 3200 km (1988 miles) from New York Flying time: 4.8 hours • 4000 km (2486 miles) from Toronto Flying time: 5.5 hours • 6400 km (3977 miles) from London Flying time: 8.7 hours 6
A GUIDE TO INVESTING IN TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO (2012) Section 3 Climate Trinidad and Tobago offers a marine, tropical climate, with sunny weather throughout. Daytime temperatures average 31ºC (87ºF) moderated by northeast trade winds, while nights are a cool 21ºC (69ºF). Trinidad possesses two distinct seasons – dry, from January to May, and wet, from June to December. There is a short dry period around mid-September called Petit Carême, which is an excellent off-season time to visit. Trinidad is just outside the usual path of hurricanes and other tropical storms but Tobago can experience inclement weather as a result of such weather systems. History Before the arrival of Columbus in 1498 the islands were inhabited by Amerindian tribes - mainly the Kalinagos and the Tainos. Though the descendents of those indigenous inhabitants have dwindled in numbers, many aspects of Amerindian culture were preserved, and many towns, rivers and boroughs are named with Amerindian words. The island was settled by the Spanish in the late 1500’s. Although it attracted French, free Black, and other non-Spanish settlers, Trinidad remained under Spanish rule until the British captured it in 1797. During the colonial period, Trinidad’s economy relied on large sugar and cocoa plantations. Tobago’s development was quite different from Trinidad’s. During the colonial period, French, Dutch, and British forces fought for possession of the island, which changed hands twenty-two times – more often than any other West Indian island. Tobago was finally ceded to Great Britain in 1814. Trinidad and Tobago was incorporated into a single colony in 1888. With the abolition of slavery in 1834 planters found themselves without the traditional cheap labour to cultivate their agricultural plantations. This shortfall in labour was met by Indian indentured labourers who first arrived in Trinidad in 1845. They migrated from Uttar Pradesh, Madras, Punjab and other provinces, and comprised both Muslims and Hindus. From 1806 to 1866 the Chinese came as indentured 7
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Appendix H A GUIDE TO INVESTING IN
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