3 - Weber State University

98 Chapter 3 Exploring Linux Filesystems
Option Description
-a
--all
Lists all filenames
-A
--almost-all
-C
--color=n
-d
--directory
-f
-F
--classify
--full-time
-l
-lh
-l --human-readable
-lG
-l --no-group
-o
-r
--reverse
-R
--recursive
-s
-S
-t
-U
-x
Table 3-2 Common options to the ls command
Lists most filenames (excludes the . and .. special files)
Lists filenames in column format
Lists filenames without color
Lists directory names instead of their contents
Lists all filenames without sorting
Lists filenames classified by file type
Lists filenames in long format and displays the full modification time
Lists filenames in long format
Lists filenames in long format with human-readable (easy-to-read) file sizes
Lists filenames in long format but omits the group information
Lists filenames reverse sorted
Lists filenames in the specified directory and all subdirectories
Lists filenames and their associated size in kilobytes (KB)
Lists filenames sorted by file size
Lists filenames sorted by modification time
Lists filenames without sorting
Lists filenames in rows rather than in columns
As a result, the * metacharacter is called a wildcard metacharacter. Wildcard metacharacters
can simplify commands that specify more than one filename on the command line, as
you saw with the file command earlier. They match certain portions of filenames or the
entire filename itself. Because they are interpreted by the shell, they can be used with most
common Linux filesystem commands, including a few that have already been mentioned
(ls, file, and cd). Table 3-3 displays a list of wildcard metacharacters and their
descriptions.
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