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112 Chapter 3 Exploring Linux Filesystems ~ ~ Become a registered Vim user! ~ type :help register for information ~ ~ type :q to exit ~ type :help or for on-line help ~ type :help version7 for version info ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 0,0-1 All The tilde (~) characters on the left indicate the end of the file; they are pushed further down the screen as you enter text. The vi editor is called a bimodal editor because it functions in one of two modes: command mode and insert mode. The vi editor opens command mode, in which you must use the keyboard to perform functions, such as deleting text, copying text, saving changes to a file, and exiting the vi editor. To insert text into the document, you must enter insert mode by typing one of the characters listed in Table 3-5. One such method to enter insert mode is to type the i key on the keyboard while in command mode; the vi editor then displays --INSERT-- at the bottom of the screen and allows the user to enter a sentence such as the following: This is a sample sentence. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ -- INSERT -- Key Description i Changes to insert mode and places the cursor before the current character for entering text a Changes to insert mode and places the cursor after the current character for entering text o Changes to insert mode and opens a new line underneath the current line for entering text I Changes to insert mode and places the cursor at the beginning of the current line for entering text A Changes to insert mode and places the cursor at the end of the current line for entering text O Changes to insert mode and opens a new line above the current line for entering text Esc Changes back to command mode while in insert mode Table 3-5 Common keyboard keys used to change to and from insert mode © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. No distribution allowed without express authorization.
© Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. No distribution allowed without express authorization. When in insert mode, you can use the keyboard to type text as required, but when finished you must press the Esc key to return to command mode to perform other functions via keys on the keyboard. Table 3-6 provides a list of keys useful in command mode and their associated functions. After you are in command mode, to save the text in a file called samplefile in the current directory, you need to press the : character (by pressing the Shift and ; keys simultaneously) to reach a : prompt, where you can enter a command to save the contents of the current document to a file, as shown in the following example and in Table 3-7. This is a sample sentence. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ :w samplefile As shown in Table 3-7, you can quit the vi editor by pressing the : character and entering q!, which then returns the user to the shell prompt: This is a sample sentence. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ :q! [root@server1 ~]# _ The vi editor also offers some advanced features to Linux users, as explained in Table 3-7. Examples of some of these features are discussed next, using the project4 file shown earlier in this chapter. To edit the project4 file, simply type vi project4 and view the following screen: Hi there, I hope this day finds you well. Unfortunately we were not able to make it to your dining room this year while vacationing in Algonquin Park - I especially wished to see the model of the Highland Inn and the train station in the dining room. I have been reading on the history of Algonquin Park but no where could I find a description of where the Highland Inn was originally located on Cache lake. Editing Text Files 113 3
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3 - Weber State University

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