Mycosphaerella leaf spot diseases of bananas - CBS

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Mycosphaerella leaf spot diseases of bananas: present status and outlook Mycosphaerella liukiuensis Sawada, Special Publ. Coll. Agric. Natl. Taiwan Univ. 63. 1959. Host(s) and Distribution: Musa formosana (?), M. liukiuensis; Taiwan. Mycosphaerella speckle Mycosphaerella musae (Speg.) Syd. et P. Syd., Phillipp. J. Sci. 8:482. 1913. ≡ Sphaerella musae Speg., Anal. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Buenos Aires 19:354. 1909. = Sphaerella musae Sacc., Atti Accad. Sci. Veneto-Trentino-Instriana, Ser. 3, 10:67. 1917, homonym. Host(s) and Distribution: Musa acuminata, M. banksii, M. cavendishii, M. coccinea, M. paradisiaca, M. paradisiaca, M. textilis, M. uranoscopos, Musa sp.; Argentina, Australia, Malaysia, Philippines, Puerto Rico, USA (HI), Virgin Islands. Pseudocercospora fengshanensis (T.Y. Lin & J.M. Yen) J.M. Yen & S.K. Sun, Cryptogam. Mycol. 4:197. 1983. ≡ Cercospora fengshanensis T.Y. Lin & J.M. Yen, Rev. Mycol. 35:320. (1970) 1971. Host(s) and Distribution: Musa acuminata; China, Taiwan. Pseudocercospora musae-sapienti (A.K. Kar & M. Mandal) U. Braun & Mouch., New Zealand J. Bot. 37:317. 1999. ≡ Cercospora musae-sapienti A.K. Kar & M. Mandal, Norweg. J. Bot. 22:105. 1975. Host(s) and Distribution: Musa paradisiaca; India, Wallis. Pseudocercospora musicola U. Braun, New Zealand J. Bot. 37:317. 1999. ≡ Cercospora musicola Sawada (musaecola), Rep. Gov. Agric. Res. Inst. Taiwan 85:116. 1943 (nom. inval.). ≡ Cercospora musicola Goh & W.H. Hsieh, Cercospora and similar fungi from Taiwan (1990, p. 242). (nom. inval.). = Cercospora musae-liukiuensis Sawada, Special Publ. Coll. Agric. Natl. Taiwan Univ. 8:221. 1959. (nom. nud.). Host(s) and Distribution: Musa acuminata, M. basjoo, M. liukiuensis, M. paradisiaca; China, Japan, Taiwan. Excluded from Mycosphaerella Deightoniella leaf spot Teleomorph state unknown (presumed not Mycosphaerella) Anamorph: Deightoniella torulosa (Syd.) M.B. Ellis, Mycol. Pap. 66:7 (1957). ≡ Brachysporium torulosum Syd., Hedwigia 49: 83 (1909). = Cercospora musarum S.F. Ashby, Bull. Dept. Agric. Jamaica N.S. 2:109. 1913. Host(s) and Distribution: Musa paradisiaca, Musa spp.; Australia, Egypt, Jamaica, Malaysia, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. 54
Session 1 P.W. Crous et al. Current and future research prospects 1. Given the obvious problems surrounding Mycosphaerella research discussed above, it is imperative that all researchers agree that they are working with the same disease. This needs to be firmly established by means of molecular techniques. Primers have been developed to identify M. musicola and M. fijiensis (Johanson et al., 1994) but little is known about similar, closely related species, and whether they could be separated using these primers which are based on ITS sequence data. Although ITS has thus far proved to be very valuable in Mycosphaerella systematics, additional genes also need to be sequenced, as ITS alone indicates similarity, not necessarily conspecificity. 2. The data presently available in GenBank for species occurring on Musa indicate some variation within well-known taxa. This could either be due to sequencing errors, intraspecific variation, or to different researchers working with different species. To standardize the taxonomy and pathology research being conducted on these organisms, we need to agree on what they are. This can only be achieved by designating epitypes of the various species following a thorough taxonomic study. These cultures should then be lodged in culture collections and be readily available to those wishing to study the organisms occurring on Musa. In all these instances, it is best for mycologists to derive the cultures from fresh specimens, so that the identity can be confirmed on the host material, and once again in culture. 3. To fully understand species within Mycosphaerella, we need to collect both species and populations. We need to address questions relating to host specificity, speciation and, in respect to plant pathology, epidemiology, fungicide sensitivity, the importance of the different morphs and mechanisms of variation and dispersal. We also need to learn how the species are migrating around the world. To address these questions, we need to develop the correct molecular markers that can be used to for investigations at a species and a population level. Once again, these populations need to be deposited in reputable culture collections (i.e. CBS, IMI or ATCC) so that they can be studied and re-studied in years to come. References Arx J.A. von 1949. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Gattung Mycosphaerella. Sydowia 3:28–100. Arx J.A. von 1983. Mycosphaerella and its anamorphs. Proc. K. Nederl. Akad. Wet. Ser. C 86:15–54. Barr M.E. 1972. Preliminary studies on the Dothideales in temperate North America. Contrib. Univ. Michigan Herb. 9:523–638. Braun U. 1995. A monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and allied genera (Phytopathogenic Hyphomycetes). Vol. 1. IHW-Verlag, Eching, Germany. Braun U. 1998. A monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and allied genera (Phytopathogenic Hyphomycetes). Vol. 2. IHW-Verlag, Eching, Germany. 55
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List of participants Catherine Abad
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List of participants Xavier Mourich
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List of participants Moises Soto Ba
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Mycosphaerella leaf spot diseases of bananas - CBS

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