within our borders has always been the source of ourstrength, and this is even truer in an age of interconnection.First and foremost, we must renew the foundation ofAmerica’s strength. In the long run, the welfare of theAmerican people will determine America’s strength inthe world, particularly at a time when our own economyis inextricably linked to the global economy. Our prosperityserves as a wellspring for our power. It pays for ourmilitary, underwrites our diplomacy and developmentefforts, and serves as a leading source of our influence inthe world. Moreover, our trade and investment supportsmillions of American jobs, forges links among countries,spurs global development, and contributes to a stable andpeaceful political and economic environment.Yet even as we have maintained our military advantage,our competitiveness has been set back in recent years. Weare recovering from underinvestment in the areas that arecentral to America’s strength. We have not adequatelyadvanced priorities like education, energy, science andtechnology, and health care—all of which are essential toU.S. competitiveness, long-term prosperity, and strength.Years of rising fiscal and trade deficits will also necessitatehard choices in the years ahead.That is why we are rebuilding our economy so that it willserve as an engine of opportunity for the American people,and a source of American influence abroad. The UnitedStates must ensure that we have the world’s best-educatedworkforce, a private sector that fosters innovation, andcitizens and busi-nesses that can access affordable healthcare to compete in a globalized economy. We must transformthe way that we use energy—diversifying supplies,investing in innovation, and deploying clean energy technologies.By doing so, we will enhance energy security,create jobs, and fight climate change.Rebuilding our economy must include putting ourselveson a fiscally sustainable path. As such, imple-menting ournational security strategy will require a disciplined approachto setting priorities and mak¬ing tradeoffs among competingprograms and activities. Taken together, these efforts willposition our nation for success in the global marketplace,while also supporting our national security capacity—thestrength of our military, intelligence, diplomacy and development,and the security and resilience of our homeland.We are now moving beyond traditional distinctions betweenhomeland and national security. National securitydraws on the strength and resilience of our citizens, communities,and economy. This includes a determination toprevent terrorist attacks against the American people byfully coordinating the actions that we take abroad withthe actions and precautions that we take at home. It mustalso include a com-mitment to building a more secureand resilient nation, while maintaining open flows ofgoods and people. We will continue to develop the capacityto address the threats and hazards that confront us,while redeveloping our infrastructure to secure our peopleand work cooperatively with other nations.America’s example is also a critical component of ourfoundation. The human rights which America has stoodfor since our founding have enabled our leadership, provideda source of inspiration for peoples around theworld, and drawn a clear contrast between the UnitedStates and our democratic allies, and those nations andindividuals that deny or suppress human rights. Our effortsto live our own values, and uphold the principles of democracyin our own society, underpin our support for theaspirations of the oppressed abroad, who know they canturn to America for leadership based on justice and hope.Our moral leadership is grounded principally in thepower of our example—not through an effort to imposeour system on other peoples. Yet over the years, somemethods employed in pursuit of our security have compromisedour fidelity to the values that we promote, andour leadership on their behalf. This undercuts our abilityto support democratic movements abroad, challenge nationsthat violate international human rights norms, and applyour broader leadership for good in the world. That is whywe will lead on behalf of our values by living them. Ourstruggle to stay true to our values and Constitution hasalways been a lodestar, both to the American people andto those who share our aspiration for human dignity.Our values have allowed us to draw the best and brightestto our shores, to inspire those who share our cause abroad,and to give us the credibility to stand up to tyranny.America must demonstrate through words and deeds theresilience of our values and Constitution. For if we compromiseour values in pur¬suit of security, we will undermineboth; if we fortify them, we will sustain a key sourceof our strength and leadership in the world—one that setsus apart from our enemies and our potential competitors.Pursuing Comprehensive EngagementOur foundation will support our efforts to engage nations,institutions, and peoples around the world on the basis ofmutual interests and mutual respect.Engagement is the active participation of the UnitedStates in relationships beyond our borders. It is, quitesimply, the opposite of a self-imposed isolation that deniesus the ability to shape outcomes. Indeed, America hasnever succeeded through isolationism. As the nation that18
helped to build our international system after World WarII and to bring about the globalization that came with theend of the Cold War, we must reengage the world on acomprehensive and sustained basis.Engagement begins with our closest friends and allies—from Europe to Asia; from North America to the MiddleEast. These nations share a common history of struggleon behalf of security, prosperity, and democracy. Theyshare common values and a common commitment to internationalnorms that recog-nize both the rights and responsibilitiesof all sovereign nations. America’s nationalsecurity depends on these vibrant alliances, and we mustengage them as active partners in addressing global andregional security priorities and harnessing new opportunitiesto advance common interests. For instance, we pursueclose and regular collaboration with our close alliesthe United Kingdom, France, and Germany on issues ofmutual and global concern.We will continue to deepen our cooperation with other21st century centers of influence—including China, India,and Russia—on the basis of mutual interests and mutualrespect. We will also pursue diplomacy and developmentthat supports the emergence of new and successful partners,from the Americas to Africa; from the Middle Eastto Southeast Asia. Our ability to advance constructive cooperationis essential to the security and prosperity ofspecific regions, and to facilitating global cooperation onissues ranging from violent extremism and nuclear proliferation,to climate change, and global economic instability—issuesthat challenge all nations, but that no onenation alone can meet.To adversarial governments, we offer a clear choice: abideby international norms, and achieve the political and economicbenefits that come with greater integration withthe international community; or refuse to accept thispathway, and bear the consequences of that decision,including greater isolation. Through engagement, we cancreate opportunities to resolve differences, strengthenthe international community’s support for our actions,learn about the intentions and nature of closed regimes,and plainly demonstrate to the publics within those nationsthat their governments are to blame for their isolation.Successful engagement will depend upon the effectiveuse and integration of different elements of Americanpower. Our diplomacy and development capabilities musthelp prevent conflict, spur eco¬nomic growth, strengthenweak and failing states, lift people out of poverty, combatclimate change and epidemic disease, and strengtheninstitutions of democratic governance. Our military willcontinue strengthening its capacity to partner with foreigncounterparts, train and assist security forces, and pursuemilitary-to-military ties with a broad range of governments.We will continue to foster economic and financialtransactions to advance our shared prosperity. And ourintelligence and law enforcement agencies must cooperateeffectively with foreign governments to anticipateevents, respond to crises, and provide safety and security.Finally, we will pursue engagement among peoples—notjust governments—around the world. The United StatesGovernment will make a sustained effort to engage civilsociety and citizens and facilitate increased connectionsamong the American people and peoples around theworld—through efforts ranging from public service andeducational exchanges, to increased commerce and privatesector partnerships. In many instances, these modesof engagement have a powerful and enduring impactbeyond our borders, and are a cost-effective way of projectinga positive vision of American leadership. Time andagain, we have seen that the best ambassadors for Americanvalues and interests are the American people—ourbusinesses, nongovernmental organizations, scientists,athletes, artists, military service members, and students.Facilitating increased international engagement outsideof government will help prepare our country to thrive in aglobal economy, while building the goodwill and relationshipsthat are invaluable to sus¬taining American leadership.It also helps leverage strengths that are unique toAmerica—our diversity and diaspora populations, ouropenness and creativity, and the values that our peopleembody in their own lives.PROMOTING A JUST AND SUSTAINABLEINTERNATIONAL ORDEROur engagement will underpin a just and sustainableinternational order—just, because it advances mutualinterests, protects the rights of all, and holds accountablethose who refuse to meet their responsibilities; sustainablebecause it is based on broadly shared norms andfosters collective action to address common challenges.This engagement will pursue an international order thatrecognizes the rights and responsibilities of all nations.As we did after World War II, we must pursue a rulesbasedinternational system that can advance our owninterests by serving mutual interests. International institutionsmust be more effective and representative of thediffusion of influence in the 21st century. Nations musthave incentives to behave responsibly, or be isolatedwhen they do not. The test of this international ordermust be the cooperation it facilitates and the results itgenerates—the ability of nations to come together to con-19
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ees for a couple of reasons: One, i
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13.5 Public and Private Management:
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TABLE 1:FUNCTIONS OF GENERAL MANAGE
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3. Career System. The model corpora
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islative charter - the Clean Air Ac
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In controlling performance, Chapin
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14CHAPTER 14AIRPOWER ASSTRATEGIC LA
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14.1 Strategic Air Power: Fulfillme
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carry it out. Their daylight raids
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you did not rely on strategic bombi
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14.2 Warden and the Air Corps Tacti
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ecomes one of applying sufficient i
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tification, and a Jominian claim to
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courage the rapid and widespread ex
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it to influence physical players in
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14.4 Basic Air Force DoctrineAF Doc
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earthquake-stricken Haiti. The worl
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perspective. Airmen do not divide u
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Command and ControlCommand and cont
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14.5 Should the US Maintain the Nuc
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form of human government.” 20 Dem
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obtainable goal. See the Global Zer
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15CHAPTER 15ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE
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15.1 Organizational CultureBy Doria
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Review. This action strives to unco
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gram will serve and then having the
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ticipating the changes being made b
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Many years of working with change p
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At the least, the areas of concern
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15.4 Developing an Innovative Cultu
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CONCLUDING THOUGHTSIn an ever-chang
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global issues. Businesses that poss
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— Sees the big picture—the shif
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16CHAPTER 16STRATEGIC COMMUNICATION
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16.1 Principles of Strategic Commun
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16.2 The Art of NegotiationBy Brend
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16.3 Negotiating Effectively Across
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hidden areas can act as cultural ho
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and four conflict styles. Hammer be
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maintaining the relationship. As th
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25 Mitchell R. Hammer, “Chapter 1
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tural, socioeconomic, and psycholog
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for the win-win," during which time
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interests and, at worst, as a gun s
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Public diplomacy is surely about mu
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But public diplomats do not have th
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Photo courtesy of the familyThe LEA
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THE CADET OATHI pledge that I will