Bumble Bees

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Lrc "" ........ ..... xopul""""""'(sneeuult)snmdp'g96orc secuereJell' ' 'S0T, (00-t6 'sEIC)V6 Ao>lrro{5, snqu,toqouldly snueEqngerpuecsouuoC Jo uorsr^lq202 " " 06 (sneeuu11) sn1,top1do1 't'g.fieuruns ' ' " ' ' ' ' " " .. " " ' '(sneeuu11)" "68sn1"top1do1'grcZslueueEpelmou{Jv"o'6g errol ell€Cl snqwoqouolary snueEqng"'slu€.rErururruJelsegT0Z""Zg (sneeuurl) wnto1o"td 'g002slue;Eprurlurer{}nos"" ".." "z8eselJcsn)MDurpuD)s'l'g66tseeq 08 (snrcuqeg) sncruoddo1 'l 'golqunq uerl€urpuecs Jo selnoJ uolle;Erurull66I " " " " " SL (snrcuqeg.) sncryoddol 'geuneJ uer^eurpuecs egl uo s>lJetue.u86I €rA€u,' | -f l li I il =':'i'"#:""""0LspJ€r1cr1.gsrloa"toqqns'{'g""69(,(qtry)sn11auot'gVg (sneeuurl) wn.toudrtq 'q 'gL6T lilt{f#ffi E9 (sneeuurl) un.toudr(qdfi'g961T9 Ereqlqe M snrcln&ulc 'gs6Iserceds uJels€E 8S orrol elleq snqwoqott4 snueEqngT6Iserceds uJeqlnos pecu€npe .(1.reqpoN " " '::::liiTjlll.:l:yiT' l:"Flser qlr^\ sercedsLS(,(qtry) snuownnnc ') 'gT6T'9S(^qrU) snunwnilrc 'g06I€r^Burpu€csi:ijT::. Lur snqwos9S tEoA snqwoqouawnilnJ snuoEqnsJo urelled uorlnqrrtsrp eqr gS(;ezue4) utnrculod 'g(sneeuu11) s1,t1sailat 'g68I" ..0Stepuel.(N Srcrpo,tods 'g68I::::::::9V tSoA snuSoul 'g98I0V (sneeuurl) wn"tocry '{z8rLE ('s's) elperp-I snqwog snueEqngz8r' ' 'ZE(snlcuqeg) stsuaao"tos 's 'g6LI(snrcuqeg.) snuonp^'g" 'It(snlcuqeg) srcuaao,tos 'g7,Ll(sneeuu t1) utn,rn,tlr/s' g I t orrol €lleq snquoqoilox snueEqng69r:::::: :::::: 9Z JO>ICOeISJOD snlD)nusout: ;;;r;;,!;TlT);:,"::;T"rn'tur'g69r'SZr{s.,!\o{zsop€)I wag[mrw'g' ' 1E oA satcotoprllod 'd 'gL9ISZ Ao>lrro>ls, snqwoqoua8dlT snue8qns' ' ' ' 'tuou 'Aou snunal.tnds'd 'g99rg I solewS9It I selewoCvsr: : : : : : : : : :ltls :KrffiT:':';f - t I ellrerlBa'dss 'ru 'fl€sII snEaog Jo serceds u€rleurpuecs eql ol s,(ey'dss 'Aou 'gZSI' ' 'uorlssgrss€lcluas.tatladaryw zI(sneeuurl) wntocsnut 'ut 'gISII I suorler^erqqvsvt0I uorlnqlrlslclL .,{urouoxeaSVI6EILEI9ETstIvzr07,16IT8IINTIs0Iz0rIOI:,::: :L:: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : ri"T"J:::&r'i':;:;***;eEry1 ryrytnq'g: : : : : : : : :::+ :il:g'i:r;r,:,:;:ii,1)Yf,r"s(sntcuqeg) sn1o,rapwg"" ""..'(sneeuutl)wn"totnq'g: : : : : : : : : : :uloqHeq snm'tqosuor','suroqlqsq snmtqosun'gJJeguoq)g, sna.toqtadtq' g: : : : : : : : : *HT'#'f.;T;' !f1**fq4; sn)lp"tD'gL spoqlehlL suorlcelloc IeuosJed9 suorlcelloc l.unesnl^ls I€rret€tr trV uorsrlrp 1euo6e11o''''z'' ol€rurlc pu€ r(qde;Eodol eql uo seloNI A\orAeJ lecrJolslHIuorlcnporlur' :::::::::: ...oc€JerdISJNEINOC
Studies on Scandinayran Bumble Bees(Hymenoptetl, Apidae)ASTRID LOKENLoken, A. 1973. Studies on Scandinavian Bumble Bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae).Norsk ent. Tidsskr. 20, l-218.A synopsis of the genus Bombus Latreille in Norway and Sweden is presented.Although primarily a taxonomic, phenotypic, and faunistic study, bionomic informationis incorporated and post-glacial immigration routes are stressed.A total of 29 species, divided into 34 subspecies, has been recognized. One newsubspecies, -8. muscorum liepetterseni (: B. m. smithianus auctt. nec White, inpart), is described, and holotype ? is designated. The following types are alsoselected: B. mastrucatus Gerstaecker lectotype d; B. martes Gerstaecker lectotype?; B. humilis ha/sahlianus Yogt lectotype H; B. pascuorum sparreqnus nov.nom. (: .8. agrorum bicolor Sparre Schneider, 1909 nec Friese, 1903) hototype g.Astrid Loken, Zoological Museum, (Jniversity of Bergen, lr{-5014 Bergen, NorwayPREFACEThe world-wide genus Bombus Latreille occurs inall zoogeographic regions with a great number ofendemic species represented in holarctic, neotropical,and oriental regions (Skorikov lgzzb).one species was recently recognized in the Ethiopianregion (Tkalcu 1966) and four Europeanspecies introduced into the Australian region, i. e.New zealand (Gurr 1964). The species in thisgenus, i. e. the true bumble bees, are beneficialinsects, pollinating a wide range of plants includingthose of great economic importance. Theyate, moreover, social bees and, being stronglypolymorphic, they have been intensively studiedfrom genetic, taxonomic, and zoogeographicalpoints of view (Vogt 1909, lgll; Friese &Wagner 1909, 1912, etc.; Krtiger 1928, 1931,1940, 1950, etc.; R"einig 1936, 1939, 1965, etc.;etc.) besides being subject to basic and appliedresearch devoted to their biology and ecology(references in Free & Butler 1959).Floral ecological observations and preliminarypollination research (Loken 1949, 1950, 1958a,l96lb, 1962) emphasized the need for a taxonomicand faunistic study of Norwegian bumble bees.A revision of the collections was therefore startedin the year 1962. To secure information for abetter understanding of the species, the scope ofthe study was later widened to present a mono-graph of Bombus in Scandinavia, i.e. Norway andsweden, the entire peninsula being a more welldefinedunit. Though taxonomy, phenotypic variations,and distribution are the topics of thestudy, bionomic information has been added andthe opportunity taken to refer to the world distributionof the species involved. To limit thesubject, the work does not, however, deal withplant preference, which in fact was an essentialaim in the author's field observations.INTRODUCTIONHistorical reviewLinnaeus (1758) listed a total of seven Bombusspecies occurring in his home country Sweden,six of which are recognized as species, viz. thosetermed Apis terrestris, A. lapidaria, A. muscorunt,A. hypnorum, A. subterranea and A. alpina,whereasthe seventh designation, A. aceruoruffi, is asynonym of A. subterrenea. All the species are infact mentioned by Linnaeus in his Acta (Jpsaliensrs(1736). Four more Swedish species were addedby Linnaeus (1761) and named Apis hortorum,A. pratorum, A. sy,lvarum and A. lucorum. Asmany as 32 Bombus species are ascribed to Scandinaviaby Dahlbom (1832), twenty of which arerecognized as species. The remainder are synonyms,subspecies, or infrasubspecific forms ex-
Page 1 and 2: Z k/ /4.evQ4h,"./Lt:ffNORSK ENTOMOL
Page 3: In memory ofOve Meidell (1 903- 194
Page 7 and 8: Studies on Scandinavian Bumble Bees
Page 29 and 30: with a bidentate subapical process(
Page 41 and 42: Studies on Scandinavian Bwmble Rees
Page 53 and 54: 8" E.Grenwd 1d 12" 11' 16"Studies o
Page 55 and 56:
Studies on Scandinavian Bumble Bees
Page 57 and 58:
Studies on Scandinavtan Bumble Bees
Page 59 and 60:
Page 61 and 62:
Page 63 and 64:
iStudies on Scandinavian Bumble Bee
Page 65 and 66:
Page 67 and 68:
IlIlIStudies on Scandinavian Bumble
Page 69 and 70:
Page 71 and 72:
Page 73 and 74:
Page 75 and 76:
Studies on Scandinat,ictn Bumble Be
Page 77 and 78:
Page 79 and 80:
Page 81 and 82:
Page 83 and 84:
Page 85 and 86:
Studies on Scandinavtan Bumble Bees
Page 87 and 88:
Studies on Scandinavian Bttmble Bee
Page 89 and 90:
Page 91 and 92:
Page 93 and 94:
Page 95 and 96:
Page 97 and 98:
Page 99 and 100:
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105 and 106:
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
t--lt(.- a \gi\J/I-aStudies on Scan
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
stad; Meland: Brakstad, Lansvik, Me
Page 169 and 170:
Page 171 and 172:
Studies on Scandtnavian Bumble Bees
Page 173 and 174:
Page 175 and 176:
Page 177 and 178:
Studies on Scandinaviqn Bumble Bees
Page 179 and 180:
Page 181 and 182:
Page 183 and 184:
Page 185 and 186:
on Scandinavian Bumble Bees181Fig.
Page 187 and 188:
Page 189 and 190:
sen), Time: ? loc. H TRM; Kvitsoy:
Page 191 and 192:
Page 193 and 194:
Page 195 and 196:
Page 197 and 198:
Page 199 and 200:
Page 201 and 202:
Page 203 and 204:
Page 205 and 206:
Page 207 and 208:
Page 209 and 210:
Page 211 and 212:
Page 213 and 214:
Page 215 and 216:
Page 217 and 218:
Page 219 and 220:
Page 221 and 222:
Page 223:
A free drawing by G. Langhelle, fro
show all

Bumble Bees

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?