The ecology of Atlantic white cedar wetlands - USGS National ...
The ecology of Atlantic white cedar wetlands - USGS National ...
The ecology of Atlantic white cedar wetlands - USGS National ...
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FIGURESNumberwDistrlb@i~n0fChamaecyperis~hy~id~s ..............................<strong>Atlantic</strong> wh#e <strong>cedar</strong> habitats in the palustrine system ........................<strong>Atlantic</strong>whtte <strong>cedar</strong> habkats in the d'verine system .........................Cumloden Swamp. Falmouth, ~~ssachusefis ............................Origlns<strong>of</strong> glacial kettleand outwash <strong>cedar</strong><strong>wetlands</strong> ........................ 5Origins<strong>of</strong> backswamp <strong>cedar</strong><strong>wetlands</strong> ............................... 5<strong>Atlantic</strong> whhe <strong>cedar</strong> logs in expos& freshwater peat underlying a salt marsh a . a . . . . . . . . 6<strong>Atlantic</strong>whHecdarmigrationroutes ................................ 8Macr<strong>of</strong>ossil sediment stratigraphy in glaciated <strong>cedar</strong> <strong>wetlands</strong> .................. 9Distribution <strong>of</strong> glacial moraines an& ice readvance localities in Northeastern United States ... 11Distribution <strong>of</strong> Chamaecyparis thyoides in towns <strong>of</strong> the glaciated Northeastern United States . 12Vegetation <strong>of</strong> the Hackensack Meadows 1819 - 1896 ....................... 17<strong>Atlantic</strong> <strong>white</strong> <strong>cedar</strong> in the Delmarva ................................ 18Presettlsment range <strong>of</strong> <strong>Atlantic</strong> <strong>white</strong> <strong>cedar</strong> in the Carolinas ................... 19Location <strong>of</strong> Great Dismal Swamp <strong>National</strong> Wildlife Refuge .................... 20Section and plan viws <strong>of</strong> a Qrollrra bay with <strong>Atlantic</strong> <strong>white</strong> <strong>cedar</strong>s ............... 23<strong>Atlantic</strong> <strong>white</strong> <strong>cedar</strong> In southeastern United States ........................ 24Cedar bordering a Florida sand-bottom creek .......................... 25Morphology <strong>of</strong> Chermaecyparis thyoides ............................. 28Radial annual growth curves <strong>of</strong> <strong>Atlantic</strong> <strong>white</strong> <strong>cedar</strong> ....................... 29Water levels in six Rhoda Island cdar swamps .......................... 31Substrate cross; section through a bog formerly dominated by Chamaecyparis thyoides .... 33Flow diagram <strong>of</strong> <strong>cedar</strong> wetland dynamics ............................. 35Composite illustrated flora: "Constant companions" <strong>of</strong> <strong>Atlantic</strong> <strong>white</strong> <strong>cedar</strong> ........... 38Effects <strong>of</strong> fire during hlgh water .................................. 47Effects <strong>of</strong> fire during low water ................................... 48Effects <strong>of</strong> permanent lowering <strong>of</strong> water level ........................... 49Effects <strong>of</strong> flood ........................................... 50Effects <strong>of</strong> windthrow ........................................ 51Hydrdogical effects <strong>of</strong> ditches ................................... 53Amphibious feller-buncher ..................................... 56<strong>cedar</strong> regeneration after hv@s€ .................................. 58........................................Management scheme 59Forest managemant ~~h~matic for the Great Dismal Swamp ................... 62Vegetation communhies <strong>of</strong> the Great Dismal: Current ...................... 64VegeQtian Communhles <strong>of</strong> the Gr-t dismal: 25-yr projection, no-action option ........ 65V~eBtion communhies <strong>of</strong> the Dismal: 100-yr projection, no-action option ....... 66Alligator River <strong>National</strong> Wildlife Refuge .............................. 68Soils <strong>of</strong> lmin'and Clare County ................................... 71Whit@ ~edar w@tlands<strong>of</strong> Dare county 74..........................
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