Apache Campaigns - Fort Huachuca - U.S. Army

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get food and replenish our ammunition in readiness for pushing on next morning after the hostiles. None of us realized how completely we had smashed Na-ti-o-tish’s band. It was terribly hard to transfer our wounded. We must lower them from ledge to ledge in the darkness, cross the stream, and raise them from ledge to ledge. But at two in the morning we straggled into the main camp, fagged out. 98 * * * Blacksmith John Martin of my troop...received the Medal of Honor for the Dry Wash fight. I was heartily glad, for I had believed him entitled to the medal at Cibicu. Martin was walking proof that a man cannot be gauged by his external appearance. He was small and pale blond, and his Swedish accent and perennial good humor made him the butt of countless jokes. It was Martin who went to draw his “Saber ammunition,” Martin who dressed himself point-device and went solemnly (as instructed) to call socially upon the Colonel, Martin who sat upon the cold prairie holding the bag for snipe, Martin who would loan anyone his last dollar and never hint that he would like it back. 99 Those who managed to escape slipped back to the reservation. This fight, called the Battle of Big Dry Wash, marked the last time the U.S. Army would engage any Apaches north of the Gila. The theater of operations had now shrunk to the southeast corner of Arizona, the southern part of New Mexico, and the Sierra Madre Mountains of Chihuahua, Mexico. This was the traditional home of the Chiricahua and Warm Springs Apache. 130 Apache Campaigns: Sierra Madre Campaign During the winter of 1882-83 the Chiricahuas holed up in Mexico and conducted most of their raids there. But on 21 March, 25 warriors under Chato (“Flat Nose” in Spanish) and Benito crossed into the U.S. near Fort Huachuca. (Apache descendants claim that the real leader of this raid was Chihuahua, not Chato who was only his lieutenant.) They killed three men at a charcoal camp about ten miles southwest of Tombstone, and swung eastward into New Mexico. Twenty miles north of Lordsburg, in Thompson’s Canyon they swept down upon a family of three traveling through the pass. They were Federal Judge H. C. McComas and his wife and their sixyear-old son Charlie. Mother and father were killed. Charlie was kidnapped, never to surface again. The crime attracted national attention. The ammunition raid lasted just a week, but by the time they reentered Mexico, they had killed some twenty-five Americans and completely frustrated Army pursuit by a total of 500 troops. Apache stories have it that Chato, ever on guard, did not sleep during the entire week, except for brief naps in the saddle. Chato’s raid terrorized the citizenry. Sherman in Washington ordered Crook into the field. HUACHUCA ILLUSTRATED
Emmet Crawford began his service as an enlisted man in the 71 st Pennsylvania Infantry in the Civil War. He later served as a lieutenant in the 13 th U.S. Colored Infantry and the 37 th U.S. Colored Infantry, being recognized twice for his meritorious service. Eventually assigned to the 3d Cavalry, he came to Arizona in 1871 and was promoted to captain in May 1879. His Apache Scouts played a pivotal role in both of Crook’s campaigns against Geronimo, the first into the Sierra Madre Mountains of Mexico and the second in the final Geronimo campaign. A MAGAZINE OF THE FORT HUACHUCA MUSEUM 131
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2 HUACHUCA ILLUSTRATED
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Voices oices oices fr from fr om th
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trouble spot. He left Arizona a her
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8 Indians with agent John Clum. Joh
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Orlando Bolivar Willcox was in the
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12 Southern Arizona in the Late 70s
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14 Timeline In 1875 the stagecoach
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he did not have in mind Hiram Winch
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William A. Rafferty was a solid Ind
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obtained from a creek running throu
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Map: Vicinity of Camp Huachuca, Ari
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complacency that beset isolated out
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26 Colonel Whitside (seated on the
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28 A true copy of a letter recommen
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30 Col. Samuel Marmaduke Whitside.
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32 Roll Call: The First Wife at Hua
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Carlos in 1928 when that place was
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36 other articles, and chase them u
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38 land sufficient for farming and
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40 Others are provided with amulets
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42 Fort Huachuca in 1879. Photo cou
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“Fort Huachuca, Arizona, Roll Cal
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olt. They may have been further mot
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would not be the last time that Cap
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Pedro Valley east of Fort Huachuca.
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Lieutenant Gatewood with his Apache
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Maj. Morrow reported the incident o
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October. Major Morrow was on their
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58 Edward Hatch. Photo courtesy U.S
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Assistant Acting Surgeon Dorsey McP
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62 come northward and close in on t
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the time of the 1880 battle of Tres
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Washington, in the meantime, had mo
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Maj. Morrow’s force twice made co
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apidly in force. They were vigorous
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old, would sound the final battle c
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cover the withdrawal of Lieut. Valo
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weather and make our report by mail
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78 Apache Campaigns: Cibecu The unb
Page 80 and 81: Arresting the Apache spiritual lead
Page 82 and 83: 82 cover us, the Sergeant of the Gu
Page 84 and 85: ground between officers’ quarters
Page 86 and 87: 86 Apache Indian Scouts, with two p
Page 88 and 89: 88 Toggy-Snoggy at upper right. Cib
Page 90 and 91: George A. Forsyth wrote two books a
Page 92 and 93: General Willcox, operating out of F
Page 94 and 95: Sixth Cavalry. Their course brought
Page 96 and 97: 96 side of the defile to see if the
Page 98 and 99: 98 the dead scouts, which had follo
Page 100 and 101: strong position, which we again fla
Page 102 and 103: Wirt Davis began his career as an e
Page 104 and 105: 104 managed to slip away and head n
Page 106 and 107: faucets, and they were held back un
Page 108 and 109: 108 rear probably all in. From the
Page 110 and 111: 110 and in my judgement the circums
Page 112 and 113: efore, the 28th. Forsyth said Tuppe
Page 114 and 115: handling of the pursuit. Col. Forsy
Page 116 and 117: 116 behind. This was the worst thin
Page 118 and 119: 118 captured. 92 Wilbur Elliott Wil
Page 120 and 121: 120 5 p.m. when we stopped for supp
Page 122 and 123: “Camp Huachuca, A.T., As proposed
Page 124 and 125: 124 Apache Campaigns: Big Dry Wash
Page 126 and 127: 126 whatever; except for the trees,
Page 128 and 129: 128 indicated by scattered blankets
Page 132 and 133: 132 He was killed on 11 January 188
Page 134 and 135: 134 Tzoe, or “Peaches,” Apache
Page 136 and 137: 136 Mangas, son of Mangas Colorado
Page 138 and 139: eport for 1884 that “for the firs
Page 140 and 141: 140 Timeline In 1882 Lt. James B. L
Page 142 and 143: paigns. The American Army had used
Page 144 and 145: 144 Free, Mickey, in Washington, D.
Page 146 and 147: 146 Indian trading stores at San Ca
Page 148 and 149: 148 Department of Arizona General O
Page 150 and 151: In December 1881 the troop strength
Page 152 and 153: period and were intended to serve a
Page 154 and 155: stables of Texas and Arizona are or
Page 156 and 157: Guard House. Bldg. 22328 (Sam Kee H
Page 158 and 159: General view of Fort Huachuca Terri
Page 160 and 161: 160 What appears to be the guard mo
Page 162 and 163: 162 1880.15.00.123 Reservoir, Fort
Page 164 and 165: 164 Barracks (Bldg. No. 15). U.S. A
Page 166 and 167: 1884.00.00.012 Photo of officers’
Page 168 and 169: 168 A view of Fort Huachuca in abou
Page 170 and 171: 170 “Police Party,” along Grier
Page 172 and 173: Dougherty wagon in front of officer
Page 174 and 175: dispensary, surgeon’s office, two
Page 176 and 177: 176 “Ground Plan, Front Elevation
Page 178 and 179: 178 Troopers’ hangout near Fort H
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180 HUACHUCA ILLUSTRATED
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In 1886 he was the aide to Gen. Joh
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62 Cruse, Thomas, Apache Days and A
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112 113 Sherman, William T., Annual
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