40 Others are provided with amulets of lightning-riven twigs, pieces of quartz crystal, petrified wood, concretionary sandstone, galena, or chalchihuitls, or fetiches, representing some of their countless planetary gods of kan, which are regarded as “dead medicine” for frustrating the designs of the enemy or warding off arrows and bullets in the heat of action, —from which may be inferred that the idea of a personal God is pre-eminent in <strong>Apache</strong> mythology, for each has one personal to himself. The rate of speed attained by the <strong>Apache</strong>s in marching is about an even four miles an hour on foot, or not quite fast enough to make a horse trot. They keep this up for about fifteen miles, at the end of which distance, if water be encountered, and no enemy be sighted, they congregate in bands of some ten or fifteen each, hide in some convenient ravine, sit down, smoke cigarettes, chat and joke, and stretch out in the sunlight, basking like lizards. * * * All the scouts paint their faces while on the march with red ocker, deer’s blood, or the juice of roasted mescal, for the double purpose of protecting them from the wind and sun, as well as distinctive ornamentation. The ornamentation is a matter of taste and tribal obligation. The other part of the operation is one of necessity, for it is a well known fact that dirt and grease protect the skin against inclement weather. An Indian seldom washes unless he can grease himself afterwards; and with him in many instances grease takes the place of clothing, for he knows the necessity of an equality of the activity of the skin and the calls upon it, and why, when exposure is very great, the pores should be defended. When the command reaches camp, the scouts build in a trice all kinds of rude shelter. Those that have the army dog tents up them upon frameworks of willow or cottonwood saplings; others less fortunate, improvise domiciles of branches covered with grass, or of stones and boards covered with gunny sacks. Before these are finished, smoke curls gracefully towards the sky from crackling embers, in front of which, transfixed on wooden spits, are the heads, hearts, and livers of the choddi (deer) killed on the march. * * * ...My scouts were occupied in preparing their beds for the night. Grass was pulled by handfuls, laid upon the ground, and covered with one blanket, another serving as cover. They generally sleep with their feet pointed towards little fires, which they claim are warm, while the big ones built by the white soldiers are so hot that they drive people away from them, and besides, attract the attention of a lurking enemy. All this time scouts are posted on knolls commanding every possible line of approach. The <strong>Apache</strong> dreads surprise. It is his own private mode of destroying an enemy, and knowing what he himself can do, he ascribes to his foe—no matter how insignificant may be his numbers—the same daring, recklessness, agility, and subtlety possessed by himself. The two great points of superiority of the savage soldier over the representative of civilized discipline are his absolute knowledge of the country, and his perfect ability to take care of himself at all times and under all circumstances. Though the rays of the sun pour down from the zenith, or the scorching sirocco blow from the south, the <strong>Apache</strong> scout trudges along as unconcerned as he was when the cold rain or snow of winter chilled his white comrade to the marrow. He finds food, and pretty good food, too, where the white man would starve. Knowing the habits of wild animals from his earliest youth, he can catch turkeys, quail, rabbits, doves, or field mice, which supply him with meat, in addition to the flesh of a horse or mule that has dropped exhausted on the march, and of which he is HUACHUCA ILLUSTRATED
exceedingly fond. The stunted oak growing on mountain slopes furnishes acorns; the Spanish bayonet a fruit that, when roasted, looks and tastes something like the banana. The whole region of Southern Arizona and Northern Mexico is marked with varieties of the cactus, producing fruit and seeds with which he varies his menu. The broad leaves and stalks of the mescal are roasted between hot stones, and the product is rich in saccharine matter, and extremely pleasant to the taste. The wild potato and the bulb of the tule are found in the damp mountain meadows, and he raids the nest of the ground bee for its store of honey in common with the bear. Sunflower seeds pounded between two stones are rich and nutritious.... He boils the sweet, soft inner bark of the pine with the seeds of wild grasses and wild pumpkins and the gum of the mesquite into savory stews, which may not be very appetizing to an Anglo-Saxon’s vitiated taste, but are more than welcome to an Indian. The nimble cactus rat is very much the thing in his...bills of fare, for the pleasure it gives him in the primary catching is enhanced in the subsequent eating of the succulent, silver-robed little rodent. 22 <strong>Apache</strong> Indian scouts at <strong>Huachuca</strong> in 1879. At the extreme left is sergeant Edward Murphy. Photo courtesy Mr. and Mrs. Leng. A MAGAZINE OF THE FORT HUACHUCA MUSEUM 41
- Page 2 and 3: 2 HUACHUCA ILLUSTRATED
- Page 4 and 5: Voices oices oices fr from fr om th
- Page 6 and 7: trouble spot. He left Arizona a her
- Page 8 and 9: 8 Indians with agent John Clum. Joh
- Page 10 and 11: Orlando Bolivar Willcox was in the
- Page 12 and 13: 12 Southern Arizona in the Late 70s
- Page 14 and 15: 14 Timeline In 1875 the stagecoach
- Page 16 and 17: he did not have in mind Hiram Winch
- Page 18 and 19: William A. Rafferty was a solid Ind
- Page 20 and 21: obtained from a creek running throu
- Page 22 and 23: Map: Vicinity of Camp Huachuca, Ari
- Page 24 and 25: complacency that beset isolated out
- Page 26 and 27: 26 Colonel Whitside (seated on the
- Page 28 and 29: 28 A true copy of a letter recommen
- Page 30 and 31: 30 Col. Samuel Marmaduke Whitside.
- Page 32 and 33: 32 Roll Call: The First Wife at Hua
- Page 34 and 35: Carlos in 1928 when that place was
- Page 36 and 37: 36 other articles, and chase them u
- Page 38 and 39: 38 land sufficient for farming and
- Page 42 and 43: 42 Fort Huachuca in 1879. Photo cou
- Page 44 and 45: “Fort Huachuca, Arizona, Roll Cal
- Page 46 and 47: olt. They may have been further mot
- Page 48 and 49: would not be the last time that Cap
- Page 50 and 51: Pedro Valley east of Fort Huachuca.
- Page 52 and 53: Lieutenant Gatewood with his Apache
- Page 54 and 55: Maj. Morrow reported the incident o
- Page 56 and 57: October. Major Morrow was on their
- Page 58 and 59: 58 Edward Hatch. Photo courtesy U.S
- Page 60 and 61: Assistant Acting Surgeon Dorsey McP
- Page 62 and 63: 62 come northward and close in on t
- Page 64 and 65: the time of the 1880 battle of Tres
- Page 66 and 67: Washington, in the meantime, had mo
- Page 68 and 69: Maj. Morrow’s force twice made co
- Page 70 and 71: apidly in force. They were vigorous
- Page 72 and 73: old, would sound the final battle c
- Page 74 and 75: cover the withdrawal of Lieut. Valo
- Page 76 and 77: weather and make our report by mail
- Page 78 and 79: 78 Apache Campaigns: Cibecu The unb
- Page 80 and 81: Arresting the Apache spiritual lead
- Page 82 and 83: 82 cover us, the Sergeant of the Gu
- Page 84 and 85: ground between officers’ quarters
- Page 86 and 87: 86 Apache Indian Scouts, with two p
- Page 88 and 89: 88 Toggy-Snoggy at upper right. Cib
- Page 90 and 91:
George A. Forsyth wrote two books a
- Page 92 and 93:
General Willcox, operating out of F
- Page 94 and 95:
Sixth Cavalry. Their course brought
- Page 96 and 97:
96 side of the defile to see if the
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98 the dead scouts, which had follo
- Page 100 and 101:
strong position, which we again fla
- Page 102 and 103:
Wirt Davis began his career as an e
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104 managed to slip away and head n
- Page 106 and 107:
faucets, and they were held back un
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108 rear probably all in. From the
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110 and in my judgement the circums
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efore, the 28th. Forsyth said Tuppe
- Page 114 and 115:
handling of the pursuit. Col. Forsy
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116 behind. This was the worst thin
- Page 118 and 119:
118 captured. 92 Wilbur Elliott Wil
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120 5 p.m. when we stopped for supp
- Page 122 and 123:
“Camp Huachuca, A.T., As proposed
- Page 124 and 125:
124 Apache Campaigns: Big Dry Wash
- Page 126 and 127:
126 whatever; except for the trees,
- Page 128 and 129:
128 indicated by scattered blankets
- Page 130 and 131:
get food and replenish our ammuniti
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132 He was killed on 11 January 188
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134 Tzoe, or “Peaches,” Apache
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136 Mangas, son of Mangas Colorado
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eport for 1884 that “for the firs
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140 Timeline In 1882 Lt. James B. L
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paigns. The American Army had used
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144 Free, Mickey, in Washington, D.
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146 Indian trading stores at San Ca
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148 Department of Arizona General O
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In December 1881 the troop strength
- Page 152 and 153:
period and were intended to serve a
- Page 154 and 155:
stables of Texas and Arizona are or
- Page 156 and 157:
Guard House. Bldg. 22328 (Sam Kee H
- Page 158 and 159:
General view of Fort Huachuca Terri
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160 What appears to be the guard mo
- Page 162 and 163:
162 1880.15.00.123 Reservoir, Fort
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164 Barracks (Bldg. No. 15). U.S. A
- Page 166 and 167:
1884.00.00.012 Photo of officers’
- Page 168 and 169:
168 A view of Fort Huachuca in abou
- Page 170 and 171:
170 “Police Party,” along Grier
- Page 172 and 173:
Dougherty wagon in front of officer
- Page 174 and 175:
dispensary, surgeon’s office, two
- Page 176 and 177:
176 “Ground Plan, Front Elevation
- Page 178 and 179:
178 Troopers’ hangout near Fort H
- Page 180 and 181:
180 HUACHUCA ILLUSTRATED
- Page 182 and 183:
In 1886 he was the aide to Gen. Joh
- Page 184 and 185:
62 Cruse, Thomas, Apache Days and A
- Page 186:
112 113 Sherman, William T., Annual