UNAIDS: The First 10 Years

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UNAIDS The First 10 Years72This quilt has been made byyoung people in the Kicosehpnongovernmental organization,Kibera Community Centre,Kenya, Africa’s largest slum.“Love and Care for orphans withAIDS.”UNAIDS/G.Pirozzi
Chapter 4CHAPTER 4:Changing the political landscape, 1998-199973UNAIDS/World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that in 1997 there wereapproximately 22 million people living with HIV, and that more than five million people haddied since the beginning of the epidemic. Some 80% of cases were in sub-Saharan Africa,which contains 12% of the world’s population 1 . The annual global expenditure on AIDS in1998 was US$ 479 million. In 1999, global expenditure was US$ 893 million 2 .In retrospect, it is clear that together with the work of activists, UNAIDS’ activities during 1998and 1999, especially in the area of political advocacy, contributed to a change in attitudetowards the epidemic. These activities would in turn lead to significant events and actions atthe start of the twenty-first century that could never have been predicted in 1999.Looking back to this period, UNAIDS Executive Director Peter Piot stressed the importanceof activism: “It is the most potent force to get political leaders to overcome their unwillingnessto act promptly on AIDS … As so often in history, top leadership [is made up of]personal vision and responding to pressure from civil society” 3 .By the end of 1999, more senior leaders – presidents and prime ministers as well as leaders incivil society – were beginning to speak out about the epidemic and showing commitment toaction. In some countries, this was the result of behind-the-scenes diplomacy and hard negotiationsbetween UNAIDS and political leaders in both the South and North. Considerablepatience and persistence were required.At the beginning of 1998, the statistics on the epidemic were much worse than previouslyestimated, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, where AIDS deaths were pushing up mortalityrates, notably among young adults – a pattern otherwise seen only in wartime 4 . At a demographicimpact workshop at the World Bank in January 1998, organized with the UNAIDSSecretariat with the hope of increasing the World Bank’s involvement, several reports hadsuggested that, in some high-prevalence countries, life expectancy at birth had begun todrop back to levels not seen since the 1960s. AIDS was escalating from being a serious healthcrisis into a full-blown development crisis. The public health models created for diseasessuch as smallpox and polio would not be sufficient to contain and reverse this epidemic.Epidemiological surveys and country profiles demonstrated, for example, the need to reduceyoung women’s vulnerability to infection. Gender had been on UNAIDS’ agenda from the1UNAIDS/WHO 2007 AIDS epidemic update, November 2007.2UNAIDS Resource Tracking Consortium, July 2004.3Piot P (2005). Why AIDS is Exceptional. Lecture given at the London School of Economics, London, 8 February.4UNAIDS (1998). Executive Director’s Report to the Sixth Meeting of the UNAIDS PCB, May. Geneva, UNAIDS.
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UNAIDSThe First 10 Years1996-2007by
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ContentsUNAIDS History: Preface 5Ch
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UNAIDS History: PrefaceThis is the
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Chapter 1Chapter 1:The beginning of
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Chapter 1AIDS was also treated as a
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Chapter 111AIDS activist and writer
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Chapter 1The United Nations respons
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Chapter 1AIDS prevention’. In Dec
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Chapter 117A Zimbabwean woman being
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Chapter 1GPA’s fate was sealed in
Page 23 and 24: Chapter 1The Task Force’s main pr
Page 25 and 26: Chapter 123With growing rates ofHIV
Page 27 and 28: Chapter 1million new HIV infections
Page 29 and 30: Chapter 2Chapter 2:The development
Page 31 and 32: Chapter 2strongly that UNAIDS by no
Page 33 and 34: Chapter 23115th meeting of theUNAID
Page 35 and 36: Chapter 233Peter Piot on the dayof
Page 37 and 38: Chapter 235The group who attendedPe
Page 39 and 40: Chapter 237Participants at theUNAID
Page 41 and 42: Chapter 2Although the relationship
Page 43 and 44: Chapter 2Throughout 1995, UNAIDS st
Page 45 and 46: Chapter 2Agreeing the budget43There
Page 47 and 48: Chapter 2many other global programm
Page 49 and 50: Chapter 3Chapter 3:UNAIDS opens for
Page 51 and 52: Chapter 3She added that it was, nev
Page 53 and 54: Chapter 3resources. “The UN colle
Page 55 and 56: Chapter 3Groups in moving from the
Page 57 and 58: Chapter 3De Lay explained: “And t
Page 59 and 60: Chapter 3their resources, because t
Page 61 and 62: Chapter 359In 1996 scientistsannoun
Page 63 and 64: Chapter 3In collaboration with the
Page 65 and 66: Chapter 3Prevention: the crucial is
Page 67 and 68: Chapter 3Establishing the broad coa
Page 69 and 70: Chapter 3The World AIDS Campaign67I
Page 71 and 72: Chapter 3“UNAIDS did seem to be a
Page 73: Chapter 3Bertozzi also talks about
Page 77 and 78: Chapter 4But too many political lea
Page 79 and 80: Chapter 4technical standards and en
Page 81 and 82: Chapter 479Lucky Mazibuko wasthe
Page 83 and 84: Chapter 481Participants at theCospo
Page 85 and 86: Chapter 4The United Nations Office
Page 87 and 88: Chapter 4systems. As the UNAIDS Pro
Page 89 and 90: Chapter 4“I had no ideathat that
Page 91 and 92: Chapter 4Such feelings led, in July
Page 93 and 94: Chapter 4UNAIDS’ partnershipwith
Page 95 and 96: Chapter 4A furtherchallenge wasto p
Page 97 and 98: Chapter 4The Secretary-General’s
Page 99 and 100: Chapter 4should not be talking abou
Page 101 and 102: Chapter 4their habit while in priso
Page 103 and 104: Côte d’IvoireCôte d’Ivoire101
Page 105 and 106: Côte d’IvoireSubstantial financi
Page 107 and 108: Chapter 5Chapter 5:The end of the b
Page 109 and 110: Chapter 5Piot recalled: “There ha
Page 111 and 112: Chapter 5Fighting for AIDS treatmen
Page 113 and 114: Chapter 5and discrimination were hi
Page 115 and 116: Chapter 5“We’re keen on this pa
Page 117 and 118: Chapter 5UNAIDS has developed an ad
Page 119 and 120: Chapter 5major donor in the early y
Page 121 and 122: Chapter 5“I let people seethat I
Page 123 and 124: Chapter 5Policy making: increasing
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Chapter 5123Still far too manyposit
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Chapter 5The Agreement on Trade-Rel
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Chapter 5Crucially, condom supplies
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Chapter 5to treatment as well as pr
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Chapter 5Nina Ferencic, UNAIDS Regi
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Chapter 5133The AIDS red ribbonglow
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Chapter 5135UNGASS helped to putthe
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Chapter 5The International Labour O
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UkraineUkraine139Ukraine has the hi
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UkraineDevelopment Programme,the Un
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Ukraineare allocated for the provis
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Chapter 6Chapter 6:Changing the Uni
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Chapter 6147Women urgently need tob
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Chapter 6Major reasons for this wer
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Chapter 6Roger Salla Ntounga, now U
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Chapter 6Continuing advocacy153“A
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Chapter 6Zackie Achmat ( secondfrom
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Chapter 6and discussions on HIV-rel
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Chapter 6also a seat for a person a
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Chapter 6not to replace existing di
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Chapter 6163Attitudes to AIDS inChi
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Chapter 6By the end of theAAI, perc
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Chapter 6167Former US PresidentBill
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Chapter 62003 - a year of the signi
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Chapter 6was the requirement that 3
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Chapter 6monitoring and evaluation.
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Haiti175Haitian AIDSorphans queuein
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Haiti177Haiti has the highestpreval
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Haitihave AIDS?), by Haiti’s most
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Chapter 7Chapter 7:Making the money
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Chapter 7183At a youth forum onHIV/
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Chapter 7Kristan Schoultz, former U
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Chapter 7ment and health even thoug
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Chapter 7latures and citizens, dono
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Chapter 7Piot commented that when h
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Chapter 7Since 2004, UNAIDS has pla
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Chapter 7Challenges to the “Three
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Chapter 7197Sex workers inCalcutta
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Chapter 7Special human resources pr
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Chapter 7from the developed world f
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KenyaKenya - an early proponent of
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KenyaIn response to this challenge,
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Kenya207Charles aged 9, receivesora
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Chapter 8CHAPTER 8:Improving the fo
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Chapter 8“Prevention ischallengin
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Chapter 8213UNAIDS ExecutiveDirecto
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Chapter 8Sigrun Mogedal, who is cur
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Chapter 8217The rates of HIV have s
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Chapter 8The GCWA provided funds to
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Chapter 8The needs of children and
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Chapter 8The project aimed to bring
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Chapter 8Worldwide, it wasestimated
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Chapter 8The “3 by 5” initiativ
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Chapter 8Kevin Moody, a former memb
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MalawiMalawi231Malawi, a sub-Sahara
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MalawiUNAIDS adopted a two-pronged
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Malawigovernment structures and sys
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Malawi… usher in the new era of d
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Malawi239Today, increased numbersof
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MalawiUNAIDS has helped to coordina
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Chapter 9Chapter 9:Looking to the f
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Chapter 9Putting AIDS on the politi
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Chapter 9A global reference point24
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Chapter 9249UN Secretary-GeneralKof
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Chapter 9Stigma, human rights and t
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Chapter 9Coalition building253As th
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The challengesThe challenges: the n
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The challenges257HIV/AIDS awareness
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The challengesto HIV infection. Thu
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The challengesThe challenges:need t
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The challengesConclusion263Given th
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Acronyms265NACCNGONIHOAFLAOECDPAFPA
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Index267antiretrovirals see drugs f
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Indexsupply problems 123women 214,
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IndexFrançois-Xavier Bagnoud Cente
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IndexHauya, Roy (Malawi, National A
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IndexLatin America, Horizontal Tech
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IndexNakajima, Hiroshi (WHO Directo
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Index2007 statistics 243Haiti 178pr
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IndexSimon, Yolanda (Caribbean Regi
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IndexUN Economic and Social Council
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IndexWensley, Penny (Australia) 127
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Uniting the world against AIDS
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UNAIDS: The First 10 Years

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