FM 100-5 Operations - Survival Ebooks Military Manuals Survival ...

WWW.SURVIVALEBOOKS.COMFM 100-5Investigation) has this responsibility within the US.The Department of Transportation (Federal AviationAdministration) combats terrorism related to aircraftin flight within the territories of the US. The Departmentof Defense supports each of these agencies inthese activities.Combatting terrorism has two major components—antiterrorismand counterterrorism. Duringpeacetime, the Army combats terrorism primarilythrough antiterrorism, which is those passive defensivemeasures taken to minimize vulnerability to terrorism.Antiterrorism is a form of force protectionand, thus, the responsibility of Army commanders atall levels. Antiterrorism complementscounterterrorism, which is the full range of offensivemeasures taken to prevent, deter, and respond to terrorism.Army elements, such as SOF, assist in this interagencyeffort by applying specialized capabilitiesto preclude, preempt, and resolve terrorist incidentsabroad. Counterterrorism occurs in conflict and war;antiterrorism occurs across the range of military operations.PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONSPeacekeeping operations support diplomatic effortsto maintain peace in areas of potential conflict.They stabilize conflict between two belligerent nationsand, as such, require the consent of all parties involvedin the dispute. The US may participate in peacekeepingoperations unilaterally or when requested by theUN, with a regional affiliation of nations, or with otherunaffiliated countries. US personnel may function asimpartial observers, as part of an international peacekeepingforce, or in a supervisory and assistance role.Peacekeeping often involves ambiguous situationsrequiring the peacekeeping force to deal with extremetension and violence without becoming a participant.These operations follow diplomatic negotiations thatestablish the mandate for the peacekeeping force. Themandate describes the scope of the peacekeeping operation.Typically, it determines the size and type offorce each participating nation will contribute. It alsospecifies the terms or conditions the host nation intendsto impose on the presence of the force or mission,and it specifies a clear statement of the functionsthe peacekeeping force is to perform.The peacekeeping force deters violent acts by itsphysical presence at violence-prone locations. It collectsinformation through means such as observationposts, patrols, and aerial reconnaissance.PEACE ENFORCEMENTPeace enforcement operations are military interventionoperations in support of diplomatic efforts torestore peace or to establish the conditions for a peacekeepingforce between hostile factions that may notbe consenting to intervention and may be engaged incombat activities. Peace enforcement implies the useof force or its threat to coerce hostile factions to ceaseand desist from violent actions. Units conducting peaceenforcement, therefore, cannot maintain their objectiveneutrality in every instance. They must be preparedto apply elements of combat power to restoreorder, to separate warring factions, and to return theenvironment to conditions more conducive to civilorder and discipline.SHOW OF FORCEA show of force is a mission carried out to demonstrateUS resolve in which US forces deploy to defusea situation that may be detrimental to US interestsor national objectives. Shows of force lend credibilityto the nation’s commitments, increase regionalinfluence, and demonstrate resolve. These operationscan influence other governments or politico-militaryorganizations to respect US interests and internationallaw. They can take the form of combined trainingexercises, rehearsals, forward deployment of militaryforces, or introduction and buildup of military forcesin a region. The appearance of a credible military forcecan underscore national policy interests and commitment,improve host nation military readiness and morale,and provide an insight into US values.SUPPORT FOR INSURGENCIESAND COUNTERINSURGENCIESAt the direction of the NCA, US military forcesassist either insurgent movements or host nation governmentsopposing an insurgency. In both instances,the military instrument of US national power predominantlysupports political, economic, and informationalobjectives.The US uses its military resources to provide supportto a host nation’s counterinsurgency operationsin the context of foreign internal defense (FID) throughlogistical and training support. FID is the participationby civilian and military agencies in any of theaction programs another government takes to free andprotect its society from subversion, lawlessness, andinsurgency. The US ambassador, through the countryteam, provides the focal point for interagency coordination13-7