FM 100-5 Operations - Survival Ebooks Military Manuals Survival ...

WWW.SURVIVALEBOOKS.COMFM 100-5contains only the combat and CS forces assigned tothe Army service component. The ARFOR headquarterswould respond directly to the combatant commanderby planning and executing major operationsin support of the theater campaign. In this arrangement,the ASCC would plan and execute operationsto sustain these forces and other Army elements in thetheater.The combatant commander might also designatethe senior commander of Army combat and supportforces as the JFLCC. The combatant commander couldthen place other land forces (US Marines or allies)under OPCON or TACON of the JFLCC. Likewise,Army forces could be placed under a JFLCC who isan officer from the US Marine Corps.Finally, the combatant commander could establisha subordinate theater of operations for a subunifiedcommand or a joint operations area (JOA) for a JTF,using an Army command as the controlling headquarters.In this case, the Army commander would haveOPCON or TACON of forces from at least two servicesand would plan and execute campaigns or majoroperations in support of the theater campaign. Thetheater army commander would continue to sustainArmy forces in the theater.THEATER STRUCTUREThrough the application of operational art, theCINC achieves theater focus by applying structure tothe theater. Theater structure is a product of the CINC’sstrategic objective, the forces allocated for the theater,the strategy for employment, the factors of METT-T,and the presence of alliance or coalition structures.In operations other than war, CINCs focus theirefforts through the designation of an AO. If required,the AO may be further subdivided into a JOA, jointzone (JZ), or joint special operations area (JSOA).In war, the CINC achieves focus through the designationof a theater of war. Within that theater, singleor multiple theaters of operation can be formed. Multipletheaters of operation are formed when there aremultiple major threats. A JSOA can also be designated.The JSOA within the theater of war can overlapinto the theater of operations.A theater of war does not normally encompass thetheater commander’s entire AOR. The theater commandermay thus conduct combat operations within atheater of war and react to a separate contingency in atheater of operations or JOA elsewhere in his AOR.Finally, he would continue normal peacetime activitiesthroughout the remainder of his AOR. Nation assistanceand similar activities do not cease when higherlevels of violence arise. The theater environment isoften one of simultaneous activities across the fullrange of military operations.The theater commander could also establish a combatzone (CZ) and communications zone (COMMZ).The CZ is an area required by combat forces to conductoperations; it normally extends forward from theArmy rear boundary. The COMMZ constitutes therear portion of a theater of operations, reaching backto the CONUS base or perhaps to another combatantcommander’s AOR. The COMMZ contains those theaterorganizations, LOCs, and other agencies requiredto support forces in the field. The COMMZ includesair and seaports that support the flow of forces intothe theater. It is usually contiguous to the CZ but maybe separate—connected only by thin LOCs—in veryfluid, dynamic situations.In writing the concept for the campaign, the theatercommander and his staff need a clear picture ofthe potential theater organization and command relationships.This picture helps them clarify the differentphases of the campaign, determine priorities, andassign tasks. The theater commander has various optionsavailable for exercising his COCOM authority.He can- Task his service component commanders toconduct the major operations of the phases of thecampaign.- Organize a functional component (such as a jointforce land component or maritime component) andtask its commander.- Activate a subordinate unified command anddesignate forces for employment in a particulararea.- Organize a JTF.- Task a single-service force.- Exercise COCOM over specific operationalforces (usually when they must remainimmediately responsive to him).After visualizing the theater organization and commandrelationships, the theater commander can completehis sequencing decisions, allocate forces, and4-5