Improving Web Application Security: Threats and - CGISecurity

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462 Part IV: Securing Your Network, Host, and ApplicationStep 16. Machine.ConfigThis section covers hardening information about machine level settings that apply toall applications. For application specific hardening settings, see Chapter 19, “SecuringYour ASP.NET Application.”The Machine.config file maintains numerous machine wide settings for the .NETFramework, many of which affect security. Machine.config is located in the followingdirectory:%windir%\Microsoft.NET\Framework\{version}\CONFIGNote You can use any text or XML editor (Notepad, for example) to edit XML configuration files.XML tags are case sensitive, so be sure to use the correct case.During this step, you:● Map protected resources to HttpForbiddenHandler.●●●●Verify that tracing.is disabled.Verify that debug compiles are disabled.Verify that ASP.NET errors are not returned to the client.Verify session state settings.Map Protected Resources to HttpForbiddenHandlerHTTP handlers are located in Machine.config beneath the element. HTTP handlers are responsible for processing Web requests for specificfile extensions. Remoting should not be enabled on front-end Web servers; enableremoting only on middle-tier application servers that are isolated from the Internet.● The following file extensions are mapped in Machine.config to HTTP handlers:●●●●.aspx is used for ASP.NET pages.rem and .soap are used for Remoting..asmx is used for Web Services..asax, .ascx, .config, .cs, .csproj, .vb, .vbproj, .webinfo, .asp, .licx,.resx, and .resources are protected resources and are mapped toSystem.Web.HttpForbiddenHandler.For .NET Framework resources, if you do not use a file extension, then map theextension to System.Web.HttpForbiddenHandler in Machine.config, as shown in thefollowing example:
Chapter 16: Securing Your Web Server 463In this case, the .vbproj file extension is mapped toSystem.Web.HttpForbiddenHandler. If a client requests a path that ends with.vbproj, then ASP.NET returns a message that states “This type of page is not served.”● The following guidelines apply to handling .NET Framework file extensions:●●Map extensions you do not use to HttpForbiddenHandler. If you do not serveASP.NET pages, then map .aspx to HttpForbiddenHandler. If you do not use WebServices, then map .asmx to HttpForbiddenHandler.Disable Remoting on Internet-facing Web servers. Map remoting extensions(.soap and .rem) on Internet-facing Web servers to HttpForbiddenHandler.Disable .NET RemotingTo disable .NET Remoting disable requests for .rem and .soap extensions, use thefollowing elements beneath :Note This does not prevent a Web application on the Web server from connecting to a downstreamobject by using the Remoting infrastructure. However, it prevents clients from connecting to objectson the Web server.Verify That Tracing Is DisabledYou configure tracing in Machine.config by using the element. While it isuseful on development and test servers, do not enable tracing on production servers,because system-level trace information can greatly assist an attacker to profile anapplication and probe for weak spots.Use the following configuration on production servers:Set enabled=“false” on production servers. If you do need to trace problems withlive applications, simulate the problem in a test environment, or if necessary, enabletracing and set localOnly=“true” to prevent trace details from being returned toremote clients.Verify That Debug Compiles Are DisabledYou can control whether or not the compiler produces debug builds that includedebug symbols by using the element. To turn off debug compiles, setdebug=“false” as shown below:
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Contents xxvii.NET Remoting Securit
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Contents xxixStaying Secure (contin
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Contents xxxiiiSummary ............
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Contents xliRestricting Server-to-S
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ForewordsForeword by Mark CurpheyWh
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Part IIntroduction to Threats andCo
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3Threat ModelingIn This Chapter●
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Chapter 3: Threat Modeling 47Threat
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Part IIDesigning SecureWeb Applicat
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Part IIIBuilding Secure WebApplicat
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8Code Access Security in PracticeIn
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11Building Secure ServicedComponent
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Part IVSecuring Your Network,Host,
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21Code ReviewIn This Chapter●●
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patterns & practicesProven practice
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