Improving Web Application Security: Threats and - CGISecurity

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508 Part IV: Securing Your Network, Host and Application●●●●●●PortsUnused ports are closed at the firewall, but it is required that servers behind thefirewall also block or restrict ports based on their usage. For a dedicated SQLServer, block all ports except for the necessary SQL Server port and the portsrequired for authentication.RegistrySQL Server maintains a number of security-related settings, including theconfigured authentication mode in the registry. Restrict and control access to theregistry to prevent the unauthorized update of configuration settings, for example,to loosen security on the database server.Auditing and LoggingAuditing is a vital aid in identifying intruders, attacks in progress, and to diagnoseattack footprints. Configure a minimum level of auditing for the database serverusing a combination of Windows and SQL Server auditing features.SQL Server SecurityA number of SQL Server security settings can be controlled through EnterpriseManager. These include the authentication mode, auditing level, and the accountsused to run the SQL Server service. For improved security, you should useWindows authentication. You should also enable SQL Server logon auditing andensure that the SQL Server service runs using a least privileged account.SQL Server Logins, Users, and RolesSQL Server 2000 manages access control using logins, databases, users, and roles.Users (and applications) are granted access to SQL Server by way of a SQL serverlogin. The login is associated with a database user and the database user is placedin one or more roles. The permissions granted to the role determine the tables thelogin can access and the types of operations the login can perform. This approachis used to create least privileged database accounts that have the minimum set ofpermissions necessary to allow them to perform their legitimate functionality.SQL Server Database ObjectsThe ability to access SQL Server database objects, such as built-in storedprocedures, extended stored procedures and cmdExec jobs, should be reviewed.Also, any sample databases should be deleted.
Chapter 18: Securing Your Database Server 509SQL Server Installation ConsiderationsBefore taking steps to secure your database server, know the additional componentsthat are present on a Windows 2000 Server after SQL Server is installed.What Does SQL Server Install?When you install SQL Server, a number of Windows services are installed in additionto program and data files. By default, program and data files are located in the\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\ directory. Table 18.1 shows the services andfolders that are created.Table 18.1 SQL Server Installation DefaultsItem DetailsServices MSSQLSERVERMSSQLServerADHelperMicrosoft SearchSQLSERVERAGENTFolders\program files\Microsoft SQL Server\mssql\binn (program files)\program files\Microsoft SQL Server\mssql\data (data files including .mdf, .log, and .ndf)\program files\Microsoft SQL Server\80\tools (shared tools/books online)\program files\Microsoft SQL Server\mssql\logs (error logs)\program files\Microsoft SQL Server\mssql\backup (backup files)\program files\Microsoft SQL Server\mssql\jobs (temp job output files)For named instances, the instance name is used in the file path:\program files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL$InstanceName\binn\program files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL$InstanceName\dataSQL Server Installation RecommendationsIf you are building a new database server from scratch, there are a number ofconsiderations to take into account before installing SQL Server. Also, it is a good ideato perform a custom installation of SQL Server so you can select the most secureinstallation options.
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Contents xxvii.NET Remoting Securit
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Contents xxixStaying Secure (contin
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Contents xxxiiiSummary ............
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Contents xxxvIndex of Checklists 68
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Contents xxxixHow ToIndex 743How To
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Contents xliRestricting Server-to-S
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ForewordsForeword by Mark CurpheyWh
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Part IIntroduction to Threats andCo
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3Threat ModelingIn This Chapter●
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Chapter 3: Threat Modeling 47Threat
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8Code Access Security in PracticeIn
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Part IVSecuring Your Network,Host,
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21Code ReviewIn This Chapter●●
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patterns & practicesProven practice
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