Improving Web Application Security: Threats and - CGISecurity

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756 Improving Web Application Security: Threats and CountermeasuresContentsThis How To is divided into sections that address specific types of denial of serviceprotections that apply to the network. Those sections are:● Protect Against SYN Attack● Protect Against ICMP Attacks● Protect Against SNMP Attacks● AFD.SYS Protections● Additional Protections● Pitfalls● Additional ResourcesProtect Against SYN AttacksA SYN attack exploits a vulnerability in the TCP/IP connection establishmentmechanism. To mount a SYN flood attack, an attacker uses a program to send a floodof TCP SYN requests to fill the pending connection queue on the server. This preventsother users from establishing network connections.To protect the network against SYN attacks, follow these generalized steps, explainedlater in this document:● Enable SYN attack protection● Set SYN protection thresholds● Set additional protectionsEnable SYN Attack ProtectionThe named value to enable SYN attack protection is located beneath the registry key:HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services.Value name: SynAttackProtectRecommended value: 2Valid values: 0–2Description: Causes TCP to adjust retransmission of SYN-ACKS. When you configurethis value the connection responses timeout more quickly in the event of a SYNattack. A SYN attack is triggered when the values of TcpMaxHalfOpen orTcpMaxHalfOpenRetried are exceeded.
How To: Harden the TCP/IP Stack 757Set SYN Protection ThresholdsThe following values determine the thresholds for which SYN protection is triggered.All of the keys and values in this section are under the registry keyHKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services. These keysand values are:● Value name: TcpMaxPortsExhaustedRecommended value: 5Valid values: 0–65535Description: Specifies the threshold of TCP connection requests that must beexceeded before SYN flood protection is triggered.● Value name: TcpMaxHalfOpenRecommended value data: 500Valid values: 100–65535Description: When SynAttackProtect is enabled, this value specifies the thresholdof TCP connections in the SYN_RCVD state. When SynAttackProtect is exceeded,SYN flood protection is triggered.● Value name: TcpMaxHalfOpenRetriedRecommended value data: 400Valid values: 80–65535Description: When SynAttackProtect is enabled, this value specifies the thresholdof TCP connections in the SYN_RCVD state for which at least one retransmissionhas been sent. When SynAttackProtect is exceeded, SYN flood protection istriggered.Set Additional ProtectionsAll the keys and values in this section are located under the registry keyHKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services. These keysand values are:● Value name: TcpMaxConnectResponseRetransmissionsRecommended value data: 2Valid values: 0–255Description: Controls how many times a SYN-ACK is retransmitted beforecanceling the attempt when responding to a SYN request.
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Contents xxvii.NET Remoting Securit
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Contents xxxiiiSummary ............
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Contents xxxvIndex of Checklists 68
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Contents xxxixHow ToIndex 743How To
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Contents xliRestricting Server-to-S
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ForewordsForeword by Mark CurpheyWh
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Part IIntroduction to Threats andCo
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3Threat ModelingIn This Chapter●
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Chapter 3: Threat Modeling 47Threat
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Part IIDesigning SecureWeb Applicat
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Part IIIBuilding Secure WebApplicat
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8Code Access Security in PracticeIn
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Part IVSecuring Your Network,Host,
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18Securing Your Database ServerIn T
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21Code ReviewIn This Chapter●●
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patterns & practicesProven practice
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