Improving Web Application Security: Threats and - CGISecurity

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548 Part IV: Securing Your Network, Host, and ApplicationMachine.Config and Web.Config ExplainedThe configuration management provided by the .NET Framework encompasses abroad range of settings that allow an administrator to manage the Web applicationand its environment. These settings are stored in XML configuration files, some ofwhich control machine-wide settings, while others control application-specificconfiguration.XML configuration files can be edited with any text editor, such as Notepad, or withXML editors. XML tags are case sensitive, so ensure that the correct case is used.Figure 19.1 shows the configuration files used to configure ASP.NET Webapplications that are available to administrators.Configuration FilesFor the machine For applications For code accesssecurityMachine.configWeb.configapp.exe.configEnterprise Policyenterprisesec.configFigure 19.1ASP.NET configuration filesMachine and UserPolicysecurity.configASP. NET Policyweb_hightrust.configweb_mediumtrust.configweb_lowtrust.configweb_minimaltrust.configThe Machine.config and Web.config files share many of the same configurationsections and XML elements. Machine.config is used to apply machine-wide policy toall .NET Framework applications running on the local computer. Developers can alsouse application-specific Web.config files to customize settings for individualapplications.
Chapter 19: Securing Your ASP.NET Application and Web Services 549Note Windows executables, such as WinForm applications, are configured using configuration files.The names of these files are derived from the application executable name, for example,App.exe.config, where app is the application name.Changes that you make to configuration files are applied dynamically and do notnormally require that you restart the server or any service, except if changes are madeto the element in Machine.config, which is discussed later in thischapter.Table 19.1 shows where the configuration files are located.Table 19.1 Configuration File LocationsConfiguration fileLocationMachine.config%windir%\Microsoft.NET\Framework\{version}\CONFIG(one per machine per installed versionof the .NET Framework)Web.config(zero, one, or many per application)\inetpub\wwwroot\web.config\inetpub\wwwroot\YourApplication\web.config\inetpub\wwwroot\YourApplication\SubDir\web.configEnterprisesec.config(enterprise-level CAS) configuration)Security.config(machine-level CAS configuration)Security.config(user-level CAS configuration)Web_hightrust.config%windir%\Microsoft.NET\Framework\{version}\CONFIG%windir%\Microsoft.NET\Framework\{version}\CONFIG\Documents and Settings\{user}\Application Data\Microsoft\CLR Security Config\{version}%windir%\Microsoft.NET\Framework\{version}\CONFIGWeb_mediumtrust.configWeb_lowtrust.configWeb_minimaltrust.config(ASP.NET Web application CASconfiguration)For more information about ASP.NET Web application CAS configuration files, seeChapter 9, “Using Code Access Security with ASP.NET.”
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ForewordsForeword by Mark CurpheyWh
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Part IIntroduction to Threats andCo
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3Threat ModelingIn This Chapter●
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8Code Access Security in PracticeIn
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21Code ReviewIn This Chapter●●
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patterns & practicesProven practice
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