faience and glass beads from the late bronze - Department of ...

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ivpossibility that all the large glass beads were decorated in this way, but surfacedeterioration masks the decoration.Many of the faience and glass bead categories represent items of cargo, asevidenced by a concreted lump of small glass beads transported inside a Canaanite jar.Other, less prolific, bead categories probably represent the personal belongings of thecrew or passengers aboard the ship.Beads found in archaeological contexts are notoriously difficult to date due totheir extended use throughout generations; for this reason, the Uluburun beads representan important contribution to the archaeological record and bead studies in particular, forthe mere fact that they may be dated by provenance alone to the late 14 th century B.C.
vACKNOWLEDGMENTSI wish to acknowledge the many people who provided help and encouragementas I worked on this project. First and foremost, I wish to thank my parents, Barbara andJames, and my sister, Christina, who have supported me in so many ways. Also, thisthesis could not have been completed without the support, encouragement, and humorprovided by numerous fellow students, especially Carrie Sowden, who always hadadvice and encouragement to share, and Blanca Rodriguez Mendoza, who acted as mythesis representative.I am indebted to Dr. Helen Dewolf and Bilge Günedodu, who assisted throughinstruction and constructive criticism on artifact drawing; to Don Frey, who sharedadvice in the difficult task of bead photography; to Kathy Hall and the entire Institute ofNautical Archaeology Conservation Laboratory staff in Bodrum, Turkey, who providedaccess to pertinent database records and assistance when needed; and to Dr. ShelleyWachsmann and Dr. C. Wayne Smith, who shared advice and support throughout theresearch and writing process. Thank you also to the staff of both the Microscopy andImaging Center and Interlibrary Loan Services at Texas A&M University.Finally, special thanks to Dr. Cemal Pulak, who not only allowed me theprivilege of working with these artifacts, but provided constant support, constructivecriticism, and the resources necessary to complete this study.
Page 1 and 2: FAIENCE AND GLASS BEADS FROM THELAT
Page 3: iiiABSTRACTFaience and Glass Beads
Page 7 and 8: viiCHAPTERPageVGLASS: MATERIAL AND
Page 9 and 10: ixLIST OF FIGURESFIGUREPage1 Locati
Page 11 and 12: xiFIGUREPage4.3 Tiny and segmented
Page 13 and 14: xiiiFIGUREPageB.31 Small glass bead
Page 15 and 16: 2Fig. 1. Location of the Uluburun s
Page 17 and 18: 4Palestinian coast to a final desti
Page 19 and 20: 6because beads found in archaeologi
Page 21 and 22: 8In the Aegean, beads of numerous m
Page 23 and 24: 10dowry lists of Mitanni princesses
Page 25 and 26: 12Faience beads were highly valued
Page 27 and 28: 14eye beads found in Mycenaean buri
Page 29 and 30: 16is based on Beck’s terminology
Page 31 and 32: 18Table 2.1. Categories of faience
Page 33 and 34: 20Inv. No. Lot 9463.bN16 LL4Beck No
Page 35 and 36: 22found in the tomb. 8Jewelry recov
Page 37 and 38: 24Fig. 2.3. Segmented faience beads
Page 39 and 40: 26The shipwreck yielded around 1,60
Page 41 and 42: 28Cogwheel BeadsInv. No. KW 2496L16
Page 43 and 44: 30Inv. No. KW 4568N18Beck No. XXIII
Page 45 and 46: 32Grain-of-Wheat BeadsThis bead typ
Page 47 and 48: 34Fig. 2.10. Grain-of-wheat variant
Page 49 and 50: 36The grain-of-wheat beads represen
Page 51 and 52: 38Biconical BeadsThe biconical faie
Page 53 and 54: 40remaining beads possess 17 gadroo
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42Woolley’s type 17, spoked-wheel
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44longer and fusiform rather than b
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46example with all three features w
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48gadrooned; their form is similar
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50deteriorated, bead diameter is so
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52Fig. 2.17. Concreted mass of smal
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54the Greek mainland, 151 Crete, 15
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56At least seven segmented glass be
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58Large Glass BeadsInv. No. KW 2673
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60Fig. 2.24. Large glass bead from
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62that of the matrix or bead body,
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64most often obscuring the beads’
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66their infrequency in Egypt, howev
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68The ship came to rest on a steep
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70Faience BeadsThe tiny faience bea
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72sharing a distinct concentration
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Fig. 3.5. Distribution of grain-of-
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76the distribution of plain cogwhee
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78Only five faience button beads we
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80are in close proximity, they diff
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82Conversely, the collared cogwheel
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84tomb were decorated with beads. 1
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86In some cases, the term faience h
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88variety of siliceous materials. M
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90glaze; the unmelted glazing powde
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92Although elaborate faience beads,
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94reconstructed as a three-sided gr
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96Fig. 4.2. Tiny segmented bead fro
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989271.a-c, figures in app. B). In
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100microscope; the surfaces of both
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102app. B) is seemingly unfinished,
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104end, possibly representing a loc
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106CHAPTER VGLASS: MATERIAL AND MAN
Page 121 and 122:
108Assyria, Canaan, and Akkadia. 11
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110B.C., and also occurs with agate
Page 125 and 126:
112k{ing}, my {l}ord, 30 (pieces) o
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114Glass Bead ManufactureGlass work
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116the formation process for stone
Page 131 and 132:
118Manufacture of the Glass Beads F
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120Finally, as noted above, the per
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122spheroid, while the large glass
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124then, that faience and glass, al
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126Blegen, C.W., and E.P. Blegen. 1
Page 141 and 142:
128Engle, A. 1978. Ancient Glass in
Page 143 and 144:
130Lin, S.-H.S. 2003. “Lading of
Page 145 and 146:
132Persson, A.W. 1931. The Royal To
Page 147 and 148:
134Tufnell, O., C.H. Inge, and L. H
Page 149 and 150:
136APPENDIX AGLOSSARY OF TERMSAmygd
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138PerforationHole along the bead a
Page 153 and 154:
140APPENDIX BSAMPLE BEAD DIMENSIONS
Page 155 and 156:
142Table B.1 ContinuedInv. No. Beck
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Fig. B.2. Tiny faience beads KW 988
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Fig. B.4. Tiny faience beads Lot 10
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148Table B.2. Sample dimensions of
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Fig. B.7. Globular faience beads KW
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Fig. B.9. Globular faience beads Lo
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Page 171 and 172:
Page 173 and 174:
Fig. B.12. Cogwheel faience beads K
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Fig. B.14. Cogwheel faience beads K
Page 177 and 178:
Page 179 and 180:
Page 181 and 182:
Page 183 and 184:
Fig. B.17. Grain-of-wheat variant A
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Fig. B.19. Grain-of-wheat variant A
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Fig. B.21. Grain-of-wheat faience b
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176Table B.8 ContinuedMolded Face I
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Fig. B.22. Biconical variant A faie
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Fig. B.24. Biconical faience beads,
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Fig. B.25. Grooved barrel faience b
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Page 199 and 200:
186Table B.13 ContinuedInv. No. Bec
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Fig. B.28. Small glass beads KW 148
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Page 205 and 206:
Page 207 and 208:
Table B.14 ContinuedInv. No. Beck N
Page 209 and 210:
Fig. B.33. Large glass beads KW 148
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Fig. B.35. Large glass beads Lot 98
Page 213 and 214:
Page 215 and 216:
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206APPENDIX CESTIMATES OF BEADS IN
Page 221 and 222:
208As these beads approximate to sp
Page 223:
210VITARebecca Suzanne IngramDate o
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