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THE SOCIALLY EXCLUDEDCHAPTER 3istered with the employment bureau and receive anominal salary (280 HRK) until they find a job. Theytend to receive this compensation for life, becauseemployment opportunities are almost non-existent.In order to provide at least minimal financial securityfor their child, many parents/guardians recall theirchild’s/ward’s working ability so that they can receivepersonal disability compensation (1,000 HRK) and,after their death, the right to family pension. Individualswith no family live in students’ homes during theireducation, and in residential institutions after theyfinish their schooling.The Act on Professional Rehabilitation and Employmentof Persons with Disability was adopted in late2002 with the purpose of including people with disabilitiesin the labour market through a number ofincentives. According to the opinion of organizationsrepresenting people with intellectual disabilities, thepossibility for employment is almost non-existent. 80Namely, in the case of people with intellectual disabilities,the measures stipulated in the act are notappropriate in view of their needs. The Act enablesco-financing for the job coach who provides supportto a person with disabilities in the workplace howeverthe coach has to be an employee of the companywhere the person with disabilities is working. Peoplewith intellectual disabilities, especially with moresevere ones, do not gain employment in the openlabour market but rather realise their right to workonly within the framework of sheltered conditions.Unfortunately, employment under these shelteredconditions falls under the responsibilities of the systemof social welfare and not the system of economyand labour, which puts the person in the position of abeneficiary of social welfare services.3.4.6 Access to TransportationIn the City of Zagreb, the city transportation serviceZagrebački električni tramvaj (ZET) has graduallystarted introducing modern buses and trams modifiedto suit the needs of people with disabilities. TheCity of Zagreb also allows individuals with intellectualdisabilities, who are members of the Association forHelping Persons with Mental Retardation, to havefree annual transportation. In smaller towns, wherepublic transportation is in the hands of marketselectedconcessionaires, there is no free service.Organized transportation to schools in only availablein large educational centres (special schools) whichown vehicles and have staff members responsible fortransporting students.3.4.7 Access to Housing and BasicInfrastructureThere are three forms of housing available for personswith intellectual disabilities: a family (eitherbiological or foster-family), residential institutions,and, more recently, supported community-basedhousing programs (Homes for Independent Livingand organised housing). If an individual lives with afamily, the quality of housing depends on the conditionsand status of that family. After the death of theindividual’s parents, he or she will most likely be institutionalized.An alternative to institutionalisation iscommunity-based supported housing, which enablesthe person to continue living in their residence whilereceiving support. People with intellectual disabilitieswho live in residential institutions, live under the con-80 UNDP (2006b). Resreach in Social exclusion in Croatia: Groups at an increase risk of Social exclusion – focus groups. UNDP, Zagreb,Croatia. Pg 17.63