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POSTER ABSTRACTS – FRIDAY, 22 MAY 2015P17.02Development of evaluation methods for ball possession skills in college soccer playersHiroshi Yamada, Y Hayashi, Y Kitamura, K FukuiBiwako Seikei Sport College, Otsu, Shiga, JapanThe ball possession tactic has been used by many major teams such as FC Bayern and FCBarcelona. That has been reinforced by possession training such as a small-side game and a rondo,however, varieties, importance and difficulties of possession skills have not been verified inquantitatively. Therefore, we investigated to construct the model of ball possession skills andverified the item difficulties and discrimination power of ball possession skills. First, unstructuredinterviews were conducted for 4 coaches who had a coaching license of Japan Football Associationto construct a model of ball possession skills. We aggregated their opinions by using the KJ methodin qualitatively. The model on cause and effect diagram was constructed from 34 items in 4 phases.Next, 65 college football players answered the 5-point scale questionnaire based on above model byself-evaluation how much they could perform on these skills. These items were confirmed theirdifficulties and discrimination power by Item Response Theory (IRT) which was an absolute scaletest development tool for recent years. The items had sufficient reliabilities and information for anabsolute scale test. The item difficulties were calculated, and according to the result the supportskills were easy, and the intensive lobbing control, the luring pass and the turning over pass weredifficult. Player's abilities of possession skills were also sufficiently discriminated. These resultscan be utilized for development of stepwise coaching program for possession skills.P17.03What's in a name? The evolution of the football boot, 1995 - 2015Cobus RademeyerUniversity of The Free State (Qwaqwa Campus), Phuthaditjhaba, South Africa, Phuthaditjhaba,South AfricaSince rugby union entered the professional era in 1995 the traditional football boot has experienceddramatic changes. Twenty years of influence by science, technology and fashion has rapidlychanged the appearance of football boots in general. This paper will compare and evaluate thechanges which have taken place since the Rugby World Cup (RWC) in South Africa in 1995 untilthe Soccer World Cup (SWC) in Brazil in 2014. During the RWC in 1995 players took the fieldwearing tradition black boots, while the SWC in Brazil 2014 saw players taking the field withluminous, multi-couloured boots. The two leading football boot brands entered the 2014 SWCfurnished with well researched products, as worn by Messi and Neymar, while a third brand washoping to use Brazil ’14 to restore its reputation after a foray into fashion saw it slip further behindthe world's two biggest sportswear firms. The research will be completed and complimented bytracking the aftermath of Brazil 2014 into 2015, concentrating on the Six Nations championship andEuropean football. By mid-2015 a well conversed research would be able to determine thedevelopment impact of the football boot (read soccer and rugby union) on the two sporting codes in276