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COATINGS<br />
Decorative <strong>Coatings</strong> South is responsible for operations<br />
in the Netherlands, Germany, France, Belgium, Italy,<br />
Spain, Portugal, Switzerland, Austria, Morocco, Tunisia,<br />
and North and South America as well as for business<br />
development in East Asia.<br />
Decorative <strong>Coatings</strong> North is responsible for operations<br />
in the United Kingdom, Ireland, the Nordic countries,<br />
Russia, Rumania, Ukraine, the Baltic states, Hungary,<br />
Poland, Turkey, Greece, and the total adhesives<br />
business. The business unit made significant headway<br />
in its strategic assignment to further develop the<br />
Central and Eastern European markets.<br />
DECORATIVE COATINGS NORTH<br />
Further growth in sales and earnings<br />
Decorative <strong>Coatings</strong> North achieved further earnings<br />
gains in 1998, even before acquisitions. Volume growth<br />
was strong for cement-based powder adhesives but<br />
generally flat for paints.<br />
We have increased our market shares both in volume<br />
and value in a number of markets. However, business in<br />
the Nordic countries showed some stagnancy, reflecting<br />
a weak outdoor season due to poor weather conditions.<br />
The crisis in Russia affected results in the last quarters,<br />
but we will continue to pursue our objectives there via<br />
the joint venture Akzo Nobel Dekor ZAO, as this<br />
potential growth market is essential to our business in<br />
the long term. Construction of a new paint factory near<br />
Moscow is scheduled to start in spring 1999.<br />
We acquired a majority share in the Turkish company<br />
Marshall Boya, which currently holds 25 percent of the<br />
decorative coatings market in Turkey. Via Marshall we<br />
also gained additional activities in Russia and a joint<br />
venture in Rumania. Marshall, which is listed on the<br />
Istanbul stock exchange, is our bridgehead for<br />
expansion into the Black Sea region.<br />
In addition to our relatively strong position in adhesives<br />
in the Nordic countries, Germany, and France, we have<br />
laid the foundation for expansion in Central Europe,<br />
where a new organization was set up with a clear<br />
growth agenda.<br />
34<br />
Our U.K. business has been successfully turned around<br />
as a result of restructuring efforts in recent years.<br />
Earnings also improved because of strong commercial<br />
performance, particularly in the retail business.<br />
During 1998 a technical center for color mixing systems<br />
was introduced in Malmö, Sweden. This center will be<br />
the technical focal point for the business unit’s tinting<br />
expansion. The development of tinting is an important<br />
prerequisite for our future success.<br />
R&D efforts strongly focus on the development of low<br />
emission floor adhesives and waterborne trim paints.<br />
DECORATIVE COATINGS SOUTH<br />
Improving cost structure<br />
After a strong first quarter, sales and earnings leveled<br />
off, failing to reach the 1997 level. Poor weather<br />
conditions had a negative impact on paint consumption<br />
for outdoor applications. Compared to 1997, prices of<br />
the white pigment titanium dioxide increased<br />
substantially, which had a negative effect on margins.<br />
In spite of fierce competition, sales, profitability, and<br />
market share developed positively in France. Replacing<br />
three warehouses, the new distribution center in<br />
Montataire has improved the cost structure.<br />
The German market remained hesitant. Through the<br />
acquisition of the European decorative activities of<br />
BASF we established a leading position in Germany in<br />
lacquers and translucents for professional end users,<br />
strengthened our position in dispersion paints, and<br />
achieved attractive complementary positions in other<br />
European countries, including Switzerland and France.<br />
The cost structure of our operations in Spain improved.<br />
All production activities, including those of the newly<br />
acquired Parrot company, were concentrated on the<br />
San Adrian site in Barcelona, enabling us to shut down<br />
the Badalona site. Our network of Procolor centers<br />
continued to grow strongly, providing excellent market<br />
coverage and commercial distribution capabilities.