2006-2007 - Kennedy Space Center Technology Transfer Office

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Nanosensors for Evaluating Hazardous EnvironmentsHazardous-LeakDetection andIsolationPersonnel working in a confined environment can be exposed to hazardous gases, andcertain gases can be extremely dangerous even in concentrations as low as a few parts perbillion.Nanosensors can be placed in multiple locations over a large area, thus allowing for more preciseand timely detection of gas leaks. ASRC Aerospace and its research partners are developing nanosensorsto detect various gases, including hydrogen, ammonia, nitrogen tetroxide, and hydrazine.Initial laboratory testing demonstrated the capability to detect these gases in concentrations lowerthan parts per million, and current testing is evaluating sensitivity at concentration levels threeorders of magnitude lower. Testing and development continue to improve the response and recoverytimes and to increase the sensitivity of the devices. The development team is evaluating differentcoatings and electrodes to determine the optimum configuration for detecting and identifyinga variety of gases.The small footprint of the nanosensors allows several devices to be placed into a single substrate.Each sensor is responsive in a different way to different gases. Embedding multiple devices into asingle substrate results in better reliability and less frequent calibrations. The use of different coatingsfor individual elements of a multichannel sensor allows different gases to be identified. Thesensor system is implemented by the use of a custom multichannel signal conditioner amplifierbuilt on a small multichip module. This device processes the output of the sensors and transmits asignal that can be monitored and analyzed remotely. All the data is digitized and transmitted overthe same cable pair used to power the amplifier. Connecting multiple outputs to a single cable pairwill reduce the weight and expense associated with cabling in a spacecraft.Although the initial work concentrated on the detection of nitrogen dioxide and nitrogen tetroxide,sensors are being developed and tested for detection of hydrogen, ammonia, hypergolic fuel(hydrazine), hypergolic oxidizer (nitrogen tetroxide, which is analyzed as nitrogen dioxide), andmonomethylhydrazine. The sensors are being evaluated under a wide variety of environmentalconditions, including various temperatures, humidities, and gas concentrations. The initial testevaluates the sensor’s ability to identify and analyze three concentrations of hydrazine at constanttemperature and humidity. The final objectives will be to optimize individual responses to variousgases and to integrate the sensors onto a single substrate.Monitoring of the environment is not limited to the detection of gas leaks, and monitoring willbecome increasingly important as longer-duration space missions are planned and executed. Awide array of nanosensors needs to be developed and qualified for space flight under realistic operatingconditions, and this activity will continue for years to come.Contact: Dr. Pedro J. Medelius , ASRC Aerospace, (321) 867-6335Participating Organizations: ASRC Aerospace (Dr. Tracy L. Gibson and Dr. Barry J. Meneghelli), NASA-KSC(Michael E. Vinje and Jose M. Perotti), and NASA Ames Research Center (Dr. Jing Li)110 Command, Control, and Monitoring Technologies
Sensor and signal-conditioning amplifier.KSC Technology Development and Application 2006-2007111
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ForewordSuccessful technology devel
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ContentsSpaceport Structures and Ma
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Contents (continued)Process and Hum
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IntroductionJohn F. Kennedy Space C
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Constellation SystemsSurfaceSystems
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Spaceport Structures and MaterialsK
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20181614∆ E1210Modified Sensor Be
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Initial results of the EDEM model o
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Contacts: Dr. Carlos I. Calle ,NASA
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Close examination of the corrosions
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Adhesion at Failure (psi)2500200015
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Figure 1. After 500 hours of salt f
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Contacts: Dr. Paul E. Hintze , NASA
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Figure 2. Repairs to various types
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on top of the cuvette contains the
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Figure 2. A corrugated NiTi sheet e
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The PLTD can be used to (1) calibra
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SEM images of neat MWNT fibers: (a)
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Contacts: Trent M. Smith
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Figure 1. An isometric cutaway view
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Figure 2. Quartz sand flowing in th
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Figure 2. Top images show how the e
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Sand volume fraction contour at t =
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Integrated LWRD/RVC engineering bre
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Mean relative percentage change in
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We compared the model’s predictio
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Figure 2. Three-dimensional simulat
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Figure 3. Camera calibration model.
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The sketch in Figure 2 shows alaunc
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Figure 2. Signal generator (right)
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Hail Size Distribution MappingA 3-D
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Launch Pad 39 Hail Monitor Array Sy
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Autonomous Flight Safety System - P
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The Photogrammetry CubeSpaceport/Ra
Page 74 and 75: Bird Vision SystemThe Bird Vision s
Page 76 and 77: Automating Range Surveillance Throu
Page 78 and 79: Next-Generation Telemetry Workstati
Page 80 and 81: GPS Metric Tracking UnitAs Global P
Page 82 and 83: Space-Based RangeSpace-Based Range
Page 85 and 86: Fluid System TechnologiesKSC Techno
Page 87 and 88: 0.900.850.80Discharge Coefficient,
Page 89 and 90: Composite seals for performance eva
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Page 93 and 94: Contacts: Dr. Barry J. Meneghelli ,
Page 95 and 96: 60555045Comparative k-value (mW/m-K
Page 97 and 98: a compatible spacecraft model where
Page 99 and 100: In an ongoing effort for improvemen
Page 101: Low-gravity probe prototype test.th
Page 104 and 105: Countermeasure for Radiation Protec
Page 106 and 107: Focused Metabolite Profiling for Di
Page 109 and 110: Process and Human FactorsEngineerin
Page 111 and 112: DON uses game technology to enable
Page 113 and 114: Type of mobile crane that impacted
Page 115 and 116: SALT proof-of-concept communication
Page 117 and 118: SSLM CAD model.Our design offers th
Page 119 and 120: Variables that can be integrated by
Page 121: Exploration Supply Chain Simulation
Page 126 and 127: Sixty-four-Channel Inline Cable Tes
Page 128 and 129: Wireless Inclinometer Calibration S
Page 130 and 131: Generating Safety-Critical PLC Code
Page 132 and 133: Spacecraft Electrostatic Radiation
Page 134 and 135: Ion Beam Propulsion StudySpacecraft
Page 136 and 137: RT-MATRIX: Measuring Total Organic
Page 139 and 140: Appendix AKSC High-Priority Technol
Page 141 and 142: Risk Assessment ToolMission Data Fe
Page 143 and 144: Appendix BInnovative Partnership Pr
Page 145 and 146: system for the Government, using th
Page 147: tracking objects after launch, and
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2006-2007 - Kennedy Space Center Technology Transfer Office

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