The Oligo-Miocene deepwater system of the Levant Basin

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- 47 -5.4 The Hadera, Netanya and Caesarea canyonsThree, large distributaries: the Hadera, Netanya and Caesarea flow from northeast (Figs. 16 to 18)and converge with the Ashdod Canyon. Their outline was controlled by the preexisting synclines ofthe Syrian Arc fold belt (Fleischer and Gafsou, 2003). Onlapping reflections, on the base Oligoceneand Middle Miocene unconformities (Figs. 8, 9 and 26a), indicate that these were conduits for thetransported of mass-flows. The Hadera and Netanya canyons were active during the Tertiaryerosional phases, while the Caesarea Canyon was active only during the latest Miocene time, whenits course followed the trace of the Or Aqiva (=Binyamina ) fault (Fig. 18) (Gelberman, 1990;Steinberg et al., 2008).Incision at the bottom of these canyons was generally minor and, if existed, was bellow theresolution of the seismic data. However, significant erosion and incision was observed near thecoastline at the upper reaches of the Hadera and Netanya canyons. The base Oligocene surfacedisplays a small box-shaped canyon at the upper part of the large syncline located east of the Deltafold (Fig. 26b). Further to the east, the entire slope, west of the Caesarea and Netanya wells, is cutby small canyons that developed on an elevated structural step during the base Oligocene andMiddle Miocene times (Figs. 16, 17 and 26b). The Oligocene canyon probably extended eastwardwithin the syncline that developed southeast of the Caesarea High (Fig. 26c). In the Netanya-2borehole the Middle Miocene erosion is evident by the conglomerate beds that overly the MiddleCretaceous carbonates (Fig. 27). Significant incision in this area was also observed in the seismicrecord of the upper Tortonian unconformity, probably resulting in the development of two canyons;the Hadera/Netanya Canyon trending to the southwest and the Caesarea Canyon directed to the west(Figs. 18 and 26c).5.5 The Atlit CanyonThe Middle to Late Miocene Atlit Canyon is indicated by onlapping reflections within a synclinelocated about 50 km west of the coastline (Figs. 17 and 28). The syncline may have acted as aconduit for southwest directed gravity-flows. Possible incision further to the east is speculated butnot clearly observed on the seismic data. Deep incision is observed in the eastern part of the AtlitCanyon at the top Tortonian level (Figs. 18 and 21).5.6 The Haifa CanyonMinor incision is observed in some profiles on the base Oligocene level about 50 km west of thecoastline (Fig. 16). The development of a Middle Miocene erosional feature is indicated by a
- 48 -WE W E NW SEPlio-PleistoceneCaesareaHighBinyamina Flt.MessinianM.-U. MioceneOligocene-L. MioceneCretaceous-Eocenea b cFigure 26: Three seismic profiles (a, b, c) running across the Hadera Canyon. See location in Figures 16 to 18. The canyon ismost clearly observed on the base Oligocene unconformity surface. In the southern part (a) it is characterized by high-amplitudeonlapping reflections interpreted as channel fill, within a large Syrian Arc type syncline. Incision is observed at the central partof the canyon and on its eastern wall in profile (b), while at the eastern part it is located within a structural low south of theCaesarea High (c). Base Messinian incision is observed on profiles (a) and (c). The base Messinian incision in the Caesarea areamay be associated with the activity on the Binyamina Fault (c).TWT (ms)
Page 1 and 2:
The Oligo-Miocene deepwater system
Page 4 and 5: ITable of contentPageAbstract …
Page 6: IIIFigure 16: Depth map of the base
Page 9 and 10: - 2 -Oligo-Miocene sands were depos
Page 11 and 12: - 4 -The discoveries of the early 2
Page 13 and 14: - 6 -the southeastern part of the b
Page 15 and 16: - 8 -Legend2D survey A2D survey B2D
Page 17 and 18: - 10 -2.2 Seismic dataThe seismic i
Page 19 and 20: - 12 -conditions, and possibly sedi
Page 21 and 22: - 14 -3.3.2 Lower Oligocene sedimen
Page 23 and 24: - 16 -Druckman, 2006; Bertoni and C
Page 25 and 26: - 18 -aSWNETWT (ms)bSWHanaha-1NEMav
Page 27 and 28: - 20 -aNWSETWT (ms)bYam West-1Ziqim
Page 29 and 30: - 22 -WETWT (ms)aYam Yafo-1multiple
Page 31 and 32: - 24 -NW SEaYam West-2Plio-Pleistoc
Page 33 and 34: - 26 -A third incision surface, mar
Page 35 and 36: - 28 -4.2.2 Deep, central part of t
Page 37 and 38: - 30 -10812591167Figure 13: Time st
Page 39 and 40: - 32 -10812591167Figure 15: Time st
Page 41 and 42: - 34 -HaifaQishon302829AtlitCaesare
Page 43 and 44: - 36 -Figure 19: Depth map on the t
Page 45 and 46: - 38 -SW NEAfiq Canyon Ashdod Canyo
Page 47 and 48: - 40 -The Beer Sheva-Afiq Canyon lo
Page 49 and 50: - 42 -SWNE SW NE SW NEPlio-Pleistoc
Page 51 and 52: - 44 -SWHanaha-1NE SW NE SW Hof Ash
Page 53: - 46 -BMSL1400m.1500200025003000Han
Page 57 and 58: - 50 -W EPlio-PleistoceneMessinian
Page 59 and 60: - 52 -S NPlio-PleistoceneM.-U. Mioc
Page 61 and 62: Figure 31: Stratigraphic section al
Page 63 and 64: - 56 -W ELower-slope and basin floo
Page 65 and 66: - 58 -SlopeSusita + En-GevsandsShel
Page 67 and 68: - 60 -In the Hadera Canyon the seis
Page 69 and 70: - 62 -Additional mechanisms for tra
Page 71 and 72: - 64 -The existence of channel fill
Page 73 and 74: - 66 -SlopePartly Uplifted ?Hordos
Page 75 and 76: - 68 -Oligo-Miocene sands were depo
Page 77 and 78: - 70 -Druckman, Y., Conway, B.H., E
Page 79 and 80: - 72 -Neev, D., 1960, A pre-Neogene
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The Oligo-Miocene deepwater system of the Levant Basin

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