GUJARAT STATE CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

GUJARAT STATECHEMICAL DISASTERMANAGEMENT PLANREFERANCE NO.: GSDMA/2013/01 10 JUNE 2013PROJECT TEAMThis project was commissioned by GSDMA to PRESTELS (Mumbai). PRESTELS partnered with IEM, Inc (USA) and NEERMAN (Mumbai) aswell as several eminent national and international consultants to execute the project.Dr Ranjit Bannerji, CEO, GSDMA led the project from GSDMA and provided overall policy guidance. The technical team membersat GSDMA – Shri VN Patel (Industrial Advisor) and Shri Nisarg Dave (Sector Manager) – were instrumental in technical review andcollaboration with PRESTELS on the project. The Project Management Unit at GSDMA supported in project management, contracting andcommunication tasks.The Technical Team Leader was Lt Gen Dr. JR Bhardwaj, MD DCP PhD FICP FAMS FRC Pathology (London), Ex-Member NDMA. Mr. KC Gupta(Former Director General of NSC and DGFASLI) was the Chemical & Industrial Emergency & Response Planning Expert.Mr Sumeet Patil (Research Director at NEERMAN and Principal Consultant at PRESTELS) was the project director on behalf of PRESTELS.Mr Wayne Thomas, Ms Angela Nelson, and Mr John Steinauer of IEM, Inc (USA) extensively collaborated with PRESTELS as a part of IEM,Inc (USA). Other consultants and staff from PRESTELS and IEM who supported the project include Dr George Abraham, Mr Don Broughton,Mr Louis Carrow, Ms Brinda Iyer, Mr Surendar Kumar, Dr Ajay Madgaokar, Mr AK Mhaskar, Mr Prakash Patil, Mr AB Pote, Dr GV Rao, Mr GaryScronce, Dr Steven A. Stage, and Mr JJ Vaghela and Mr Mayoor Vaghela (of m/s HELPS, Vadodara).RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONSThe material in this work is property of GSDMA. GSDMA encourages dissemination of its work, but copying and/or transmitting portionsor all of this work without permission or without proper citation may be a violation of applicable law. All queries should be addressed tothe CEO, GSDMA at ceo-gsdma@gujarat.gov.in or by phone at +91 (79) 2325 9220, 2325 9303, 2325 9246. Technical Queries can also besent to Mr Sumeet Patil at spatil@neerman.org.This report may be cited as: GSDMA (2013).Gujarat State Chemical Disaster Management Plan, Prepared under Project Titled Preparationof Chemical and Industrial Disaster Management Plan for the State of Gujarat by PRESTELS. Report No 2013/01, Gujarat State DisasterManagement Authority (GSDMA): Gandhinagar, June 2013.Report Designed by : designaren I designaren.com03 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

TABLE OF CONTENTLIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................................................... VIILIST OF FIGURES.................................................................................................................................................. VIIIABBREVIATIONS....................................................................................................................................................IXDEFINITIONS AND GLOSSARY OF KEY TERMS.............................................................................................. XIIEXECUTIVE SUMMARY........................................................................................................................................ XV1. INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................................................. 11.1 Purpose ................................................................................................................................ 11.2 Scope and Objectives................................................................................................................ 11.3 Approach to Preparation of State CDMP........................................................................................... 21.4 Differences and Synergies between CDMP and Offsite Plans................................................................... 21.5 Hierarchy and Relationship of the Plans.......................................................................................... 21.6 Coordinating Structures under CAEPPR Rules and DM Acts..................................................................... 31.7 Local response to Chemical Disasters – Emergency Organisation Structure................................................. 51.8 Legal and Policy Framework for Disaster Management Plan................................................................... 61.8.1 Legal Authority................................................................................................................ 61.8.2 Key Regulatory Bodies....................................................................................................... 71.9 Organization of the Plan............................................................................................................. 72. HAZARD ANALYSIS AND VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT................................................................. 122.1 Hazard Identification................................................................................................................ 122.1.1 An Overview of the Industrial Hazards in Gujarat...................................................................... 122.1.2 Description of Chemical Hazards......................................................................................... 132.1.3 Environmental Consequences............................................................................................. 142.1.4 Medical Consequence of Chemical Exposure........................................................................... 152.1.5 Classification of Scale of Disasters....................................................................................... 152.1.6 Levels of Emergency........................................................................................................ 152.1.7 Hazard wise Classification of Districts................................................................................... 152.1.8 Transportation of Hazardous Materials.................................................................................. 172.1.9 Chemical Emergencies in Aftermath of Natural Disasters............................................................ 182.1.10 Domino Effects in Chemical Emergencies................................................................................ 192.2 Vulnerability Assessment............................................................................................................. 192.2.1 Distribution and Types of Industries...................................................................................... 192.2.2 Worst Case Scenario Assessment.......................................................................................... 203. PREVENTION AND MITIGATION.................................................................................................................. 273.1 Introduction.......................................................................................................................... 273.2 Hierarchy of Concepts for Reducing Risks....................................................................................... 273.3 Strengthening of Legal Framework............................................................................................... 283.3.1 National level recommendations by NDMA expert group.............................................................. 283.3.2 State Level Updates to the Legal Framework........................................................................... 30GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLANi

TABLE OF CONTENT3.4 Strengthening of Enforcement Agencies......................................................................................... 313.4.1 Strategic Re-Organization of the Agencies.............................................................................. 313.4.2 Programmatic Approaches for Compliance.............................................................................. 323.4.3 Use of Third Party Professionals to Strengthen Enforcement......................................................... 323.4.4 Significant Reliance on E-governance.................................................................................... 333.4.5 Development of Inspection Manuals..................................................................................... 333.4.6 System for Accident Investigation, Reporting and Follow-Up........................................................ 333.5 Disaster Risk Reduction through Land Use Planning............................................................................ 343.6 Promotion of Prevention Programmes in Industry.............................................................................. 343.7 Coordination between Enforcement Agencies................................................................................... 353.8 Training and Capacity Building..................................................................................................... 363.9 Stakeholder Roles and Responsibilities in Prevention and Mitigation........................................................ 364. PREPAREDNESS............................................................................................................................................. 394.1 Development of Preparedness Action Plan....................................................................................... 394.1.1 What is an Action Plan?..................................................................................................... 394.1.2 Assign Specific Roles and Responsibilities............................................................................... 394.1.3 Establish a Core Planning Group within the Organisation............................................................ 394.1.4 Make Preparedness Action Plan........................................................................................... 394.1.5 Develop Emergency Response Protocols....................................................................................... 404.1.6 Make Training Plan.......................................................................................................... 404.1.7 Flow Down Action Plans.................................................................................................... 404.1.8 Discussion of the Plan in LCG/DCG/SCG Meetings..................................................................... 404.1.9 Implementation, Monitoring and Evaluation of Action Plan.......................................................... 404.2 Improvement in Chemical Disaster Management Planning.................................................................... 404.2.1 GSDMA Support to SCG, DCG, and LCG in Planning and Preparedness.............................................. 404.2.2 Strengthening of Onsite Plan and Its Synchronization with the Offsite Plan...................................... 414.2.3 Develop Emergency Responder Safety Guidelines..................................................................... 414.2.4 Develop Guidelines for Immediate Reporting of Hazardous Chemical Leak....................................... 424.2.5 Formal After Action Reporting System................................................................................... 434.2.6 Development of GIS based System for Planning and Decision Support............................................. 434.3 Training, Capacity Building, and Community Preparedness................................................................... 444.3.1 Improving the Capability for and Effectiveness of Offsite Mock Drills.............................................. 444.3.2 Developing a Specialised Training Course on Integrated and CoordinatedEmergency Response System.............................................................................................. 454.3.3 Development and Implementation of Chemical EmergencyCommunity Awareness and Preparedness Strategy.................................................................... 464.4 Enhance Chemical Disaster Response Capacity................................................................................. 474.4.1 HAZMAT Response Capacity Assessment.................................................................................. 474.4.2 Multi Scenario Chemical Response Capability........................................................................... 534.4.3 Establish Unified State level Fire Service................................................................................ 534.4.4 Incident Response System.................................................................................................. 54iiGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

TABLE OF CONTENT4.4.5 Formation of State Emergency Response Team (SERT)................................................................ 544.4.6 Regional Response Team at Emergency Response Centres............................................................ 544.4.7 Local Emergency Response Teams........................................................................................ 554.5 Plan for Training, Equipment, and Resources for HAZMAT Response........................................................ 554.5.1 Background and basis for resource planning............................................................................ 554.5.2 Police Officers................................................................................................................ 574.5.3 Emergency Medical Services (GVK-EMRI 108 and other ambulances)................................................ 574.5.4 Fire Department............................................................................................................. 584.5.5 Local Emergency Response Team.......................................................................................... 614.5.6 Regional Response Team.................................................................................................... 634.5.7 State Emergency Response Team.......................................................................................... 644.6 Public Private Partnerships (PPP) for Disaster Response....................................................................... 664.6.1 Expand Mutual Aid between Large Industries........................................................................... 664.6.2 Replicate Successful Model of DPMC for Mutual Aid among Industries.............................................. 664.6.3 Public Private Partnership to Respond to Road Emergencies......................................................... 674.6.4 Forming Mutual Aid between Neighbouring Districts................................................................... 674.6.5 Improving Preparedness of Ports and Forming Mutual Aid with DCG................................................ 674.6.6 Improving Preparedness of Airport and Forming Mutual Aid with DCG.............................................. 684.6.7 Improving Preparedness of Railways and Forming Mutual Aid with DCG............................................ 684.7 Strengthening of Response Mechanism........................................................................................... 684.7.1 Establish Emergency Organisation as per Incident Response System................................................ 684.7.2 Establish Incident Reporting and Notification process................................................................. 714.7.3 Improve Control Room Management...................................................................................... 714.7.4 Improvements in Communications........................................................................................ 734.7.5 Situational Awareness....................................................................................................... 734.7.6 Hierarchical HAZMAT response system................................................................................... 734.7.7 Emergency Public Information............................................................................................. 744.7.8 Management of Dead........................................................................................................ 744.7.9 Mass Care .................................................................................................................... 744.8 Medical Preparedness for Chemical Emergencies............................................................................... 744.8.1 Gujarat Medical Emergency Services Act................................................................................ 744.8.2 Establish a Public Private Partnership to Augment Medical Resources.............................................. 744.8.3 Establish a Chemical-Specific Medical Management Process.......................................................... 754.8.4 Creation of Trained Medical First Responder (MFR).................................................................... 754.8.5 Formation of Quick Response Medical Team (QRMT)................................................................... 754.8.6 Electronic system for tracking EMS units during major disasters.................................................... 754.8.7 Creation of Stationary and Mobile Decontamination Facilities....................................................... 754.8.8 Uniform Casualty Profile and Classification of Casualties............................................................. 794.8.9 Upgrading Poison Centres / Toxicological Laboratory.................................................................. 794.8.10 Plan for Onsite Medical Resource Inventory............................................................................ 794.8.11 Provision for Mobile Hospital / Mobile Team............................................................................ 794.8.12 Stocking for Antidotes and Chemical Casualty Treatment Kit........................................................ 79GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLANiii

TABLE OF CONTENT4.8.13 Develop Crisis Management Plan at Hospitals.......................................................................... 804.9 Stakeholder roles and responsibilities in preparedness........................................................................ 805. RESPONSE....................................................................................................................................................... 835.1 Situation Overview.................................................................................................................. 835.2 Planning Assumptions............................................................................................................... 835.3 Emergency Response Organization Structure and Process..................................................................... 845.4 Concept of Emergency Operations................................................................................................ 855.4.1 Trigger Mechanism.......................................................................................................... 855.4.2 Set up of the Incident Command Post................................................................................... 875.4.3 Assess the Situation........................................................................................................ 875.4.4 Staffing and Activities of SEOC........................................................................................... 875.4.5 Select Protective Action(s)............................................................................................... 885.4.6 Control the Hazard......................................................................................................... 885.4.7 Provide Short-Term Relief to the Public................................................................................ 905.5 Emergency Medical Response....................................................................................................... 905.5.1 Response Capacity Assessment and Planning during Response...................................................... 915.5.2 Response by Quick Response Medical Team (QRMT).................................................................. 915.5.3 Search and Rescue......................................................................................................... 925.5.4 Evacuation of Casualties from Incident Site........................................................................... 925.5.5 Activation of Crisis Management at Hospitals......................................................................... 925.5.6 Protocol for Medical Management....................................................................................... 935.5.7 Rapid Assessment of Health Consequences............................................................................ 935.5.8 Plan for Antidotes for Chemical Agent Exposures..................................................................... 945.5.9 Requisition of Pharmaceutical Stockpile (if required)................................................................ 945.5.10 Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI)........................................................................................ 945.5.11 Psychosocial Care.......................................................................................................... 945.5.12 Public Health Response................................................................................................... 945.5.13 Medical Response to Long Term Effects................................................................................ 945.6 RESPONSE TO HAZCHEM TRANSPORTATION EMERGENCIES...................................................................... 955.6.1 Pipeline Transportation.................................................................................................... 955.6.2 Road Transportation....................................................................................................... 955.7 Roles and Responsibilities as per SCG 2008 response plan...................................................................... 975.7.1 Fire Services................................................................................................................ 975.7.2 Home Department and Police............................................................................................ 975.7.3 Department of Health..................................................................................................... 985.7.4 Gujarat State Disaster Management Authority........................................................................ 995.7.5 Department of Revenue / Relief Commissioner....................................................................... 995.7.6 Department of Labour and Employment /Director Industrial Safety and Health (DISH).......................1005.7.7 State Environment and Forest Department and Gujarat Pollution Control Board..............................1005.7.8 Department of Transport.................................................................................................1015.7.9 Gujarat Maritime Board (GMB)..........................................................................................102ivGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

TABLE OF CONTENT5.7.10 Indian Railways.............................................................................................................1025.7.11 Airport Authority of India.................................................................................................1025.7.12 Department of Animal Husbandry.......................................................................................1025.7.13 Department of Agriculture................................................................................................1035.7.14 Department of Industries and Mines....................................................................................1035.7.15 State Information Bureau.................................................................................................1035.7.16 Department of Law........................................................................................................1035.7.17 Public Works Department.................................................................................................1035.7.18 Chief Electrical Inspector.................................................................................................1035.7.19 Key Support Functions.....................................................................................................1035.7.20 Support from Central Government if required........................................................................1045.8 Summary of Response Actions and Stakeholders Responsibilities..........................................................1045.9 Information and Communications...............................................................................................1045.10 Referred and Annexed Documents...............................................................................................1076. RECOVERY, RECONSTRUCTION AND REHABILITATION........................................................................ 1086.1 Functions of Recovery.............................................................................................................1086.1.1 Infrastructure..............................................................................................................1086.1.2 Human-social..............................................................................................................1086.1.3 Economic and Livelihood.................................................................................................1086.1.4 Environment...............................................................................................................1086.2 Transition from Response to Recovery...........................................................................................1086.3 Counselling and Rehabilitation of Victims.....................................................................................1096.4 Immediate Financial Relief to Victims..........................................................................................1096.5 Penalties and Compensation.....................................................................................................1096.6 Restoration and Regeneration of Ecosystem..................................................................................1096.7 Reconstruction of Damaged Structures and Services.........................................................................1097. AUTHORIZATION AND PLAN MAINTENANCE........................................................................................ 1117.1 Plan Authorization................................................................................................................1117.2 Authority and Responsibility for the Maintenance of the Plan.............................................................1117.3 Plan Development and Maintenance...........................................................................................1117.4 Record of Acceptance............................................................................................................1127.5 Record of Changes................................................................................................................1127.6 Stakeholders and Possessors of the Plan......................................................................................113GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLANv

TABLE OF CONTENTAPPENDIX A: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF RESPONDERS IN THE NATIONAL GUIDELINES ..FOR OFF-SITE EMERGENCY PLAN BY MOEF.................................................................. 114APPENDIX B: SITE SAFETY PLAN TEMPLATE.......................................................................................... 118APPENDIX C: PAC SHEET ILLUSTRATION FOR INDUSTRIAL EMERGENCY........................................ 131APPENDIX D: PAC SHEET FOR TRANSPORT EMERGENCY.................................................................... 141APPENDIX E: DIRECTORY OF KEY CONTACTS......................................................................................... 148APPENDIX F: RESPONSE RESOURCES IN GUJARAT.............................................................................. 152APPENDIX G: OSHA STANDARD FOR HAZARDOUS WASTE OPERATIONSAND EMERGENCY RESPONSE.......................................................................................... 191APPENDIX H: GUIDELINES FOR REPORTABLE QUANTITIES OFLEAK TO NOTIFY OFFSITE EMERGENCY.......................................................................... 210viGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

TABLES & FIGURESLIST OF TABLESTable 1. Stakeholder Roles in Disaster Management and Response................................................................ 8Table 2. Classification and Scale of Chemical Disasters............................................................................16Table 3. Hazard Wise Categories of Districts in Gujarat...........................................................................17Table 4. Number of MAH, Type A and Type B Factories by District and by Type of Hazard Posed............................21Table 5. Identification of Chemicals, their Maximum Storage, and Possible Consequenceas per Vulnerability Assessment.............................................................................................21Table 6. Stakeholder Roles in Prevention and Mitigation...........................................................................37Table 7. District Capability Assessment Results......................................................................................48Table 8. Capability Assessment Results for State Agencies........................................................................50Table 9. Gap in Number of Fire Station in the State................................................................................58Table 10. Estimated Water Supply and Foam requirements for Pool Fires........................................................61Table 11. Stakeholder Roles in Preparedness at State level.........................................................................80Table 12. Stakeholder Roles in HAZMAT Response................................................................................... 105Table 13. Stakeholder Roles in Emergency Medical Management................................................................ 106Table 14. Response Protocol for Hazards in Road Transportation of HAZCHEM................................................. 106Table 15. Record of Acceptance....................................................................................................... 112Table 16. Record of Changes........................................................................................................... 112Table 17. Contact Directory for SCG Members...................................................................................... 148Table 18. State and District Satellite Phone Directory............................................................................. 149Table 19. Contact Information for District Collectors and Municipal Commissioners.......................................... 151Table 20. Fire Stations and Facilities in the State of Gujarat..................................................................... 152Table 21. List of Government, Municipal Hospitals and Health Centres......................................................... 161Table 22. List of Community Health Centres in Gujarat........................................................................... 168Table 23. List of Primary Health Centres in Gujarat................................................................................ 172Table 24. Contact Information of Civil Hospitals in Municipal Corporations.................................................... 186Table 25. Supplier of PPE and Other Safety and Response Related Equipments............................................... 188GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLANvii

ABBREVIATIONSAAARABCALOHAALSAPELLAPRARMVAfter Action ReportAirway Breathing and CirculationAreal Locations of HazardousAtmospheresAdvanced Life SupportAwareness and Preparedness forEmergencies at Local LevelAir Purifying RespiratorAccident Relief Medical VanDDMADEOCDISHDMPDOTDPMCDPODistrict Disaster ManagementAuthorityDistrict Emergency Operation CentreDirectorate of Industrial Safety andHealthDisaster Management PlanDepartment of TransportationDisaster Prevention and ManagementCentreDistrict Project OfficerBBLEVEBLSBoiling Liquid Expanding VapourExplosionBasic Life SupportEECCEIPEMSEmergency Control CentreEmergency Information PanelEmergency Medical ServicesEOCEmergency Operation CentreCERCEmergency Response CentreCAEPPRChemical Accident (EmergencyERFEnvironmental Relief FundPlanning Preparedness and Response)ERG2012Emergency Response Guidebook,CAIRSChemical Accident Investigation2012Reporting SystemCBRNChemical, Biological, Radiological,and NuclearGGACLGujarat Alkalises and ChemicalsCBRNEChemical, Biological, Radiological,Limitedand Nuclear EmergencyGAILGas Authority of India LimitedCECAPChemical Emergency Community(previously known as)Awareness and PreparednessGIDCGujarat Industrial DisasterCIDMChemical (Industrial) DisasterCorporationManagementGIDMGujarat Institute of DisasterCPAPContinuous Positive Air PressureManagementCSChief SecretaryGNFCGujarat Narmada Valley Fertilizersand Chemicals LimitedDGPCBGujarat Pollution Control BoardDBMSDatabase Management SystemGSDMGujarat State Disaster ManagementDCDistrict Collector(Act, 2003)DCGDistrict Crisis GroupGSDMAGujarat State Disaster ManagementAuthorityGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLANix

DEFINITIONS AND GLOSSARY OF KEY TERMSPipeline means a pipe (together with any apparatus and works associated therewith) or system of pipes (together withany apparatus and works associated therewith) for the conveyance of a hazardous chemical other than a flammable gasas set out in column 2 of Part II of schedule 1, at a pressure of less than 8 bars absolute.Site means any location where hazardous chemicals are manufactures or processed, stored, handled, used, disposed ofand includes the whole of an area under the control of an occupier and includes pier, jetty or similar structure whetherfloating or not.Transport means movement of hazardous chemicals by any means over land, water or air.RELEVANT DEFINITIONS AS PER DM ACT 2005Affected area means an area or part of the country affected by a disasterDisaster means a catastrophe, mishap, calamity or grave occurrence in any area, arising from natural or man madecauses, or by accident or negligence which results in substantial loss of life or human suffering or damage to, anddestruction of, property, or damage to, or degradation of, environment, and is of such a nature or magnitude as to bebeyond the coping capacity of the community of the affected areaDisaster management means a continuous and integrated process of planning, organising, coordinating and implementingmeasures which are necessary or expedient for:(i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(v)(vi)(vii)(viii)prevention of danger or threat of any disastermitigation or reduction of risk of any disaster or its severity or consequencescapacity-buildingpreparedness to deal with any disasterprompt response to any threatening disaster situation or disasterassessing the severity or magnitude of effects of any disasterevacuation, rescue and reliefrehabilitation and reconstruction.District Authority means the District Disaster Management Authority constituted under sub-section (1) of section 25.Local authority includes Panchayati raj institutions, municipalities, a district board, cantonment board, town planningauthority or Zila Parishad or any other body or authority, by whatever name called, for the time being invested by law, forrendering essential services or, with the control and management of civic services, within a specified local area.Preparedness means the state of readiness to deal with a threatening disaster situation or disaster and the effectsthereof.GLOSSARY OF OTHER KEY TERMSAcute exposure: A sudden single exposure.Chronic exposure: A continuous or recurrent exposure over an extended period of time.Consequence: Result of specific event, without consideration of exposure.Criterion: An agreed reference on which a decision or judgement is based.GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLANxiii

DEFINITIONS AND GLOSSARY OF KEY TERMSDanger: A popular expression covering the subjective perception of hazard or risk.Dose: Quantity of an agent absorbed over a specified period of time.Effect: Immediately or delayed result of an exposure.Event: The realization of a hazard.Exposure: State of a specific target being open and vulnerable to the consequence of an event.Frequency: An expression of how often a considered occurrence takes place in a given time.Hazard: An inherent property of a substance, agent, and source of energy or situation having the potential of causingundesirable consequences and/or effects.Hazard study: (equivalent terms: hazard survey, hazard analysis, etc.) Identification of individual hazards of a system,determination of the mechanisms by which they could give rise to undesired events, and evaluation of the consequencesof these events.Individual risk: Risk to which an individual person within a specific population is subjected.Major hazard: A hazard having the potential of causing a major accident; i.e. a major emission, a fire or an explosionwhich leads to considerable social disruption as the result of serious adverse effects on the following targets:• Death, severe intoxication or injuries requiring extended hospitalization of number of people and/or• Significant damage to property, animals, crops or plants, or significant contamination of water, soil or air,with considerable economic impact.Probability: An expression of the chance that a considered occurrence will take place.Reliability: An expression of the ability of• Numerical data or assumptions to be a true representation of the required parameter• Methods and procedures to be able to give, for the circumstances of the case, the result that is requiredof them• Equipment and people to perform the function that is required of them.Residual risk is the risk still remaining after the implementation of risk management.Risk is the combination of a stated effect and its probability of occurring.Risk assessment: The procedure to identify risk by combining the results of a hazard study with the probabilities of theevents considered and their effects.Risk management: The whole of actions taken to achieve and maintain the safety of an installation andits operation.Safety: A situation without risks.Societal risk: Risk to which a defined group or number of persons within a specific population is subjected simultaneously.Uncertainty: An expression of the doubt about numerical data, an assumption, model used or the result of a method.xivGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

EXECUTIVE SUMMARYINTRODUCTIONAs one of the most developed and industrialized states in India, Gujarat is home to a high number of hazardous chemicalindustries. In addition to the chemical and industrial hazards posed due to such heavy industrialisation, Gujarat is alsovulnerable to natural hazards such as cyclones, earthquakes, flooding, tsunamis, and storm surges. Particularly, thechemical industry occupies a preeminent position in the industrial sector of Gujarat, contributing to more than 40% ofthe industrial output. Almost the entire range of the chemical process industry exists in Gujarat, including hydrocarbonprocessing/refining products, petrochemicals-polymers and man-made fibres, fertilizers, health care products, plantprotection chemicals, dyes, pigments and intermediates, fine chemicals, surface coating products, salt and salt-basedproducts, ceramics, glass, cement, vegetable oils, fats, and detergents. Currently, Gujarat has 36,179 factories registeredunder the factories act. Out of these 25,206 are working as on January, 2011. Based on the chemical database providedto us by DISH, currently there are 380 MAH, 1019 Type-A and 758 Type-B industries 1 . Out of these 41 MAH, 173 Type-A,232 Type-B are closed. The figure below shows the location of MAH, Type A and Type B units in Gujarat.Location of MAH type A and type B industries in GujaratSCOPE OF WORKCurrently, under MSIHC rules, state response plan and district offsite plans are being prepared in Gujarat. Gujarat is oneof the first states to adopt 2010 National Guidelines for Offsite Emergency Plan by MoEF. The industrial safety is alsobeing ensured as per Factories Rules by DISH. However, GSDMA felt a need to prepare a “model” plan that is futuristicand aspires to meet international standards for effective chemical emergency management. Need for such a plan is acutegiven the high growth prospects of Gujarat and need for coordination of emergency response structure under MSIHC andCAEPPR Rules and DM Act and GSDM Act. GSDMA appointed a team of international consultants led by m/s PRESTELS toprepare a model state CDMP based on NDMA guidelines as well as meeting the international norms with an objective ofrapid and effective response to chemical emergencies to save lives, environment and property.1 SCG Emergency Response Plan of 2008 had listed 433 Major Accident Hazard (MAH) units in Gujarat. However, the mostrecent database provided to us by DISH identifies 380 unique MAH units in the state. Please contact DISH for more up todate information on chemical industries in the state.GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLANxv

EXECUTIVE SUMMARYThe DMP is a plan that will identify what needs to be done and how. However, the action plan to achieve the recommendedobjectives (how, when, funds, who, etc.) must be prepared by each department assigned the responsibility under thisplan. Often, the responsibility is on the group such as SCG and not individual departments or authorities. However,without such detailed action plans, this CDMP cannot be effectively implemented in a time bound manner.APPROACHThis model state Chemical Disaster Management Plan (CDMP) is based on key recommendations and findings from followingreports developed as a part of preparatory modules under the contract with GSDMA:Module 11. Capability assessment and gap analysis2. Vulnerability assessment3. Antidotes plan4. Synchronization between onsite and offsite plansModule 21. Improvement in response mechanism2. Community sensitization strategy3. Performance improvement of DISH, PESO and CEI4. GIS based database system for chemical disaster managementDIFFERENCE IN OFFSITE PLAN AND THIS CDMPOffsite plans prepared by the DCG or pocket plans by LCG are specific for the response to chemical emergencies with somesupporting information to strengthen the preparedness for achieving the desired level of response. In many respects theoffsite plan is the ready reckoner in time of chemical emergency and necessarily based on resources available “now”.On other hand, the CDMP deals with the entire cycle of disaster management: Prevention and Mitigation, Preparedness,Response, Recovery and Rehabilitation with a special focus on capacity building and preparedness to provide effectiveresponse. CDMP also tries to come with an emergency response organisation that can function under different typesand scale of disasters and not only chemical emergencies. Offsite plan which is more “response” centric – though weacknowledge that it has some preparedness related information – can be a part of a comprehensive CDMP. Figure belowdepicts cycle of disaster management.Considering the recommendations in this plan seek to build the level of preparedness to international standards, theresponse plan is also based on the assumption that such high level of preparedness is possible. Clearly, the CDMP is not,and should not be used as, a ready reckoner or a SOP for emergency response “now”. Instead, the existing SCG responseplan (2008) should be continued to be used until the level of planning and preparedness in Gujarat are commensuratewith recommendations and assumptions in this CDMP. Therefore, in addition to offsite plans under MSIHC Rules, this CDMPis a major contribution and step towards taking a comprehensive approach and constituting a futuristic plan for chemicaldisaster management in Gujarat.xviGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

EXECUTIVE SUMMARYPREVENTION & MITIGATIONPREPAREDNESSREHABILITATION & RECONSTRUCTIONRESPONSE & RECOVERYHIERARCHY OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PLANSAs depicted in the figure above, the onsite plan of the industry, prepared under MSIHC Rules is the most important andbasic element. The pocket plan (if applicable) or the DCG offsite emergency plan (and thus District CDMP) is based onthe information contained in the onsite plans and pocket plans (if available). The state and national level plans are basedon the information in district plans. For example, the onsite plans identify emergency scenarios which have potential foroffsite consequences and thus need the assistance of offsite agencies at the local level. The local (LCG) or district level(DCG) plans for assistance to industries and identify scenarios that need state level support. The state level plan providesfor assistance to the district and also identifies scenarios which need national assistance. Each plan has procedures torequest higher levels of assistance.LOCAL RESPONSE TO CHEMICAL EMERGENCY - EMERGENCY ORGANISATION STRUCTUREThe response to a chemical disaster is always local with resources segmented from district and state levels. Under MSIHCRules, LCG is the lowest level of group available at industrial cluster level whereas DCG is the next level of response.In the case LCG is not available, then DCG is the lowest level of response. As per DM Act 2005, the local authoritiesand Panchayati Raj Institutions can plan for, prepare, and respond to emergencies. Therefore, Taluka or block leveladministration can prepare for and co-ordinate the response to chemical emergencies, provided Taluka level CDMPsare prepared including management of Chemical Disasters, although such plans are not currently available. The keystakeholders who are responsible for chemical disaster management in the state can be categorised into two broad areasby function:1. Agencies/ organisations responsible for Planning, Regulation, Co-ordination, capacity building and management;and2. Agencies/organisations who co-ordinate and carry out response actions to chemical emergenciesGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLANxvii

EXECUTIVE SUMMARYAt the State level, agencies such GSDMA, DISH, GPCB, PESO, CEI , SCG, GIDC etc. are responsible for regulation, planning,and management; and agencies and bodies such as, SDRF, SEOC, Fire Services, Emergency Medical Services and Policeare entrusted with providing chemical emergency response. Similarly at the district level the DDMA, DCG and LCG areresponsible for planning and management and DEOC, Fire services, Emergency medical services and Police are entrustedwith chemical emergency response.Intended coordination in the SCG-DCG-LCG mechanism under the MSIHC rule and the SDMA-DDMA mechanism under theDM Act is automatically achieved at the district level because the district collector is a head of both. It is clear that SCG,DCG, and LCG are not response agencies themselves but include members that are response agencies. Similarly GSDMAand DDMA are not response agencies but include member departments that provide response. However, NDMA guidelinesprovides for emergency organization where different departments, agencies and even private resources (e.g., industries)temporarily align their priorities with the emergency response objective under a unified command. This system is calledIncident response System (IRS) and discussed in detailed in the text.It is important to recognize that organization under IRS and the existing structures of LCG and DCG are not in conflictalthough there can be differences in terminologies for some positions in the emergency organization. IRS gives anemergency organization structure called Incident response Teams (IRTs) that are pre-designated as per the identifiedemergency scenarios. While there is a general structure IRTs are not prescriptive about who must fulfil what position orrole; instead, the decision rests with the local or district level authorities. Therefore, the organizations and people thatare given specific roles as per existing LCG and DCG structure can be given similar roles or positions in the IRT structureand a coordination between IRTs as per IRS and those as per existing LCG/DCG structures is achieved.However, IRS provides additional advantage of being scalable by including additional and higher levels of response in thexviiiGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

EXECUTIVE SUMMARYsame unified command structure, being flexible by transferring command and other sections of IRS to qualified people asscale and nature of emergency changes, and with a unified command so that there is one authorized, and accountable(technically qualified) incident commander and the command can be transferred up as the scale of emergency increases.IRS also requires documentation of decisions, actions, and learning so that not only continuous improvement can beachieved but also accountability is fixed.HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENTGujarat faces not only natural hazards such as cyclones, earthquakes, flooding, tsunamis, and storm surges, but alsoman made hazards due to heady industrialization of the state. The chemical industry occupies a pre-eminent positionin the industrial sector of Gujarat, contributing to more than 40% of industrial output. A stretch of 400 kilometres fromAhmedabad to Vapi is known as the “Golden Corridor.” In the Bharuch district, Ankleshwar, situated on the Narmadaestuary, is Asia’s largest chemical zone. To support the rapid development of the textile industry in the state postindependence,a large integrated chemical complex came up at Atul in Valsad district. The discovery of oil and gas inAnkleshwar and the surrounding areas led to the building of Gujarat Refinery Ltd, and the downstream units in the formof petrochemical complex (IPCL) and fertilizer complex (GSFC) at Vadodara. The major hydrocarbon complexes arelocated in Vadodara, Bharuch, Surat, and Jamnagar districts. The caustic/chlorine manufacturing plants are located inMithapur, Veraval, Surendranagar, Vadodara, Dahej, Jhagadia, and Atul. Toxic chemicals such as cyanides are produced inGACL Baroda, Cyanides & Chemicals at Olpad (Surat District). The refinery and the petrochemical complex triggered thedevelopment of small and medium scale chemical industries for the production of chemicals first in Nandesari, followedby Vapi, Vatva, Ankleshwar, and other places. The state has a Chemical Port Terminal at Dahej. Kandla Port Trust importsand handles the majority of petrochemical products in India. Additionally, two ports in the private sector located inMundra and Pipavav, handle major petrochemical products. It is expected that port-based mega-chemical industrialestates would be further developed.In addition to the manufacturing industries, there is significant infrastructure for handling chemicals such as pipelines,transportation (rail and road), and isolated storages. A cross-country 2300 Km Hazira-Bijapur-Jagdishpur (HBJ) gaspipeline originates from Hazira. A hydrocarbon supply pipeline runs from Kandla to Bhatinda (Punjab). A pipeline networkof more than 17000 kilometres is present in the state. Major LNG terminals are proposed at Pipavav, Dahej and Hazira.The crude oil carrying pipelines are also proposed. Railways, state highways and national highways running through thestate carry chemical cargo that originates in or transits through the state. There are several isolated storages mainly atVadodara, Kheda, Sanand, Bavla, Rajkot, and Bhavnagar. Gujarat also has several airports that not only store aviationfuel but may also hold hazardous chemical cargo. Several defence and nuclear installations in the state also pose the riskof chemical emergencies. Additionally, the state is also vulnerable to chemical or industrial disasters as an aftermath of anatural disaster. For example, Kandla cyclone of 1998 affected oil terminals, jetties, transportation facilities, factories,buildings, warehouses, and storage tanks. There have been reports of chemical spill in Kandla port in the wake of January26 earthquake in 2001.Under this project, the consultants conducted vulnerability assessment for MAH, Type A and Type B chemical units inthe state as per the best available data. Figures below delineate the vulnerability zones for different types of hazards.Separate reports on vulnerability figures and atlas are prepared.GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLANxix

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY124°35'0"N2ABCDToxic DispersionE F G H I J K L M N O P Q RA124°35'0"NRajasthan2BC±DVCEE F G H I J K L M N O P Q RRajasthan±24°10'0"N24°10'0"N3323°45'0"N423°20'0"N522°55'0"N623°45'0"N423°20'0"N522°55'0"N6Projection: Transverse Mercator22°30'0"N22°30'0"N7722°5'0"N22°5'0"N821°40'0"N921°15'0"N10A R A B I A N S E A8MadhyaPradesh21°40'0"N921°15'0"N10A R A B I A N S E ALegendMadhyaPradeshLegend20°50'0"N1120°50'0"N11Toxic High LOCToxic Medium LOCToxic Low LOCVCE High LOCVCE Medium LOCVCE Low LOC20°25'0"N20°25'0"N1220°0'0"N67°55'0"E1,400,0000 2,800,000 5,600,000 8,400,000Meters68°20'0"E 68°45'0"E 69°10'0"E 69°35'0"E 70°0'0"E 70°25'0"E 70°50'0"E 71°15'0"E 71°40'0"E 72°5'0"E 72°30'0"E 72°55'0"E 73°20'0"E 73°45'0"EVulnerable Areas in Gujarat for Toxic Hazards12Maharashtra 20°0'0"N74°10'0"E1,400,0000 2,800,000 5,600,000 8,400,000Meters74°35'0"E 67°55'0"E75°0'0"E68°20'0"EMaharashtra68°45'0"E 69°10'0"E 69°35'0"E 70°0'0"E 70°25'0"E 70°50'0"E 71°15'0"E 71°40'0"E 72°5'0"E 72°30'0"E 72°55'0"E 73°20'0"E 73°45'0"E 74°10'0"EVulnerable Areas in Gujarat for Vapour CloudExplosion Hazards74°35'0"E75°0'0"E124°35'0"N2ABCDFlashfireE F G H I J K L M N O P Q RA124°35'0"NRajasthan2BC±DBLEVEE F G H I J K L M N O P Q RRajasthan±24°10'0"N24°10'0"N3323°45'0"N423°20'0"N522°55'0"N623°45'0"N423°20'0"N522°55'0"N6Projection: Transverse Mercator22°30'0"N22°30'0"N7722°5'0"N22°5'0"N821°40'0"N921°15'0"NA R A B I A N S E A8MadhyaPradesh9A R A B I A N S E A21°40'0"N21°15'0"NMadhyaPradesh1010LegendLegend20°50'0"N1120°50'0"N11Flashfire High LOCFlashfire Medium LOCFlashfire Low LOCBLEVE High LOCBLEVE Medium LOBLEVE Low LOC20°25'0"N20°25'0"N1220°0'0"N67°55'0"E1,400,0000 2,800,000 5,600,000 8,400,000Meters68°20'0"E12Maharashtra 20°0'0"N68°45'0"E 69°10'0"E 69°35'0"E 70°0'0"E 70°25'0"E 70°50'0"E 71°15'0"E 71°40'0"E 72°5'0"E 72°30'0"E 72°55'0"E 73°20'0"E 73°45'0"E 74°10'0"EVulnerable Areas in Gujarat for Flash Fire Hazards1,400,0000 2,800,000 5,600,000 8,400,000Meters74°35'0"E 67°55'0"E 75°0'0"E 68°20'0"E69°10'0"E 69°35'0"E 70°0'0"E 70°25'0"E 70°50'0"E 71°15'0"E 71°40'0"E 72°5'0"E 72°30'0"E 72°55'0"E 73°20'0"E 73°45'0"EVulnerable Areas in Gujarat for BLEVE Hazards68°45'0"EMaharashtra74°10'0"E74°35'0"E75°0'0"ExxGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

EXECUTIVE SUMMARYPREVENTION AND MITIGATIONThis chapter deals with the prevention and mitigation of the risks posed by hazardous chemical manufacturing, storage,handling, and transportation at the state level. The approach to prevention and mitigation is focused on regulatory andplanning strategies. A hierarchy of concepts has been developed for reducing the risks of chemical disasters which is animportant guide to prioritize the activities required to operationalize this plan.These include:1. Eliminating or reducing the use of toxics2. Implementation of risk management programs to minimising opportunities for release to occur and mitigation ofany release at source.3. Implementation of land use restrictions4. A rapid, timely and qualified emergency response capacity to control and reduce the quantity of hazardouschemicals leaked and to reduce the duration of such a leak5. Establish plans, develop public warning systems, and conduct public outreach and training on evacuation andshelter-in-place actions.One of the key approaches to prevention and mitigation is strengthening of the legal framework. This CDMP identifiedrelevant National Level recommendations by NDMA expert group for strengthening the legal gaps as follows:• Enforcement of safety provisions for isolated storages should be with CIF (or DISH) in place of SPCB/CPCB• Enforcement of MSIHC rules to include intermediate, minor and private ports (Other ports) that do not fall underthe category of major ports• Using “Worst Case scenario” as the basis for risk assessment, selection of process technology, and designing ofsafety systems measures and procedures including emergency responses capabilities by MAH installations.• Land use policy for buffer zone around MAH installations (Handling/ storing extremely/ highly toxic chemicals)• Applicability of rules regarding safety reports and safety audit reports should be extended to all MAH installationsinstead of only certain MAH installations having the threshold quantities of identified hazardous chemicals.Additionally, this project’s consultants recommend that Type A and Type B industries be also included.In addition to the above national level recommendations, some state level regulatory recommendations are provided bythe project consultants:• Harmonisation of state acts and rules with respect to DM Act, 2005 for effective dovetailing of frameworks underMSIHC and NDMA guidelines• Requirement of Emergency Management Plans for hazardous waste management facilities.• Framing of State rules and regulation to bridge legal gaps under GSDM Act 2003 as the GSDMA has the authorityto form state rules to manage chemical emergencies.• Several guidelines – for example, responder safety and training needs, immediate notification ofchemical leaks, incident response system, etc. – are recommended. Guidelines are usually moreefficient and less resistant approach to making a policy change. On basis of experience with theseguidelines, the state should consider forming appropriate rules to provide statutory support tothese guidelines.GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLANxxi

EXECUTIVE SUMMARYThe next focus area in prevention and mitigation is strengthening of enforcement agencies themselves. The projectreviewed performance of DISH, PESO and CEI and on basis of this study made the following recommendations. Theserecommendations may also be applicable to other regulatory agencies such as GPCB which were not studied exclusively.• Strategic Re-Organization of the Agencies - Organizational structure on the basis of subject or function at thetop level, and by geographic reach at the field level is most suitable for regulatory agencies. For example, thestate-level head office of the regulatory agency can have a specialist chemical emergency planning cell that willbe helpful in preparing guidelines and procedures for the inspection, enforcement, and legal compliance by theindustry, and serve as a key knowledge resource in planning for and responding to chemical emergencies.• Programmatic approaches for compliance - Programme mode approach to safety promotion brings together regulatorsand industries on a common platform to seek mutually agreeable solutions. This approach seeks to improve efficienciesby removing redundancies in overlapping regulations by different regulators, to combine resources of regulators,to build consensus with industries, to partner with industry for funding, technology and knowledge, and to developguidelines and systems for ease of compliance under the programme. An example of Toxic Risk Reduction Programmeis provided.• Use of third Party professionals to Strengthen Enforcement - To resolve the manpower crunch in regulatoryagencies, we recommend a third party professionals/competent persons to carry out usual inspections, reportfiling, checking, collection of fees, scrutiny of applications, checking of onsite plans, and several such routinetasks. A necessary pre-condition is that such competent persons (a) are selected after a rigorous selection,training, and certification process; (b) undergo continuous training to upgrade skills and knowledge; (c)demonstrate no conflict of interest in discharging their role; and (d) are subject to a credible audit system tomake them accountable. Example of environmental audits by third party by GPCB is identified.• Significant reliance on E –Governance - Web and internet based technology not only helps in efficiencybut also in accountability. Several systems are suggested including information on complianceby industry, the inspection reports and accident investigations, and safety and audit reports, GISbased modelling, database and decision support system, hazard and vulnerability profiles of areas,and others.• Developing inspection manuals - Regulatory agencies should update detailed inspection manuals and conductregular training of their staff and third party professionals on these. These manuals must detail the procedure ofinspection, industry specific guidelines, standard templates, and check lists for inspections, and SOPs for actionafter inspection. There should be a system of maintaining inspection records on a web-platform.• Using accident reporting system - MOEF has developed web-based Chemical Accident InvestigationReporting System (CAIRS) to register chemical accident and investigation information. While CAIRScan be much improved, the use of CAIRS is recommended or Gujarat can develop its own systemover time.In addition to the above, the following strategies and actions are recommended for prevention and mitigationPromoting preventive programs in industry- Prevention programs in industry for capacity building can include safetyreviews and training for workers and contractors, implementing maintenance management systems, written safetyprocedures and work aids for employees and contractors and conducting compliance audits.xxiiGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

EXECUTIVE SUMMARYIMPROVEMENT IN CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLANNING• Co-ordination between GSDMA and SCG, DCG, and LCG in planning, preparedness and capacity building should bestrengthened. Some suggestions include establishing a chemical emergency cell at GSDMA, developing a system formock drills, integrating role or DDMA and DCG, develop guidelines needed for implementing the CDMP, and trulyparticipatory development of LCG and DCG level emergency plans.• We have recommended that GSDMA be given an expanded role as a “response coordinating agency”. As perinternational best practices, a single accountable and responsible agency is required to coordinate response tochemical emergencies and build capacity of individual response agencies to provide such qualified, integrated andcoordinated response. In fact a single emergency response office is useful even in all hazard context.• GSDMA may consider appointing a technical officer to provide support in CIDM activities to DDMA and DCG. A moresuitable person would be a chemical engineer with training in industrial safety, HAZMAT response, and use ofCAMEO models.• Strengthening of onsite plans and synchronization with the offsite plans. Consultants have provided guidelines foronsite plans, a model onsite plan and a check list• Develop Emergency Responder Safety Guidelines to deal with training needs, work experience requirement, PPEs,safe work practices and policies, equipments for monitoring, medical assessments, decontamination, and others.We have given reference to a similar standard from US (HAZWOPER) that can be adapted in Indian contexts.• Develop guidelines for immediate reporting of hazardous chemical leak. These guidelines seek that quantitativecriteria be established to help industry proactively inform offsite authorities of chemical leaks.• Use Chemical Accident Investigation Reporting system (CAIRS) developed by the MoEF at the state level for formalafter action reporting. Alternatively, an improved system can be developed at the state level.• Develop GIS based CAMEO suite for developing a database for planning and decision support during response. TheCAMEO suit includes: (a) CAMEOfm for chemical related hazard information as per their MSDS; (b) ALOHA to modelleakage scenario and estimate threat zones; (c) MARPLOT – to integrate ALOHA output on GIS layers to identifyvulnerable population, installations, and areas and export the same to Google Earth or other GIS platforms; (d)databases – various relational databases for chemical industry location and contact information, accident reportingand investigations, resources available, routes, and others. However, CAMEO is most appropriate in US context andGujarat should consider developing own system in long term once experience of working with CAMEO is established.ENHANCE CHEMICAL DISASTER RESPONSE CAPACITY• Government or public agencies should preferably lead offsite chemical emergency responses but the industrypersonnel can be integrated in this response structure.• Chemical response capability builds on the basic emergency response capacity especially that of the fire servicesat local levels. The fire stations in Gujarat need to be strengthened with adequate manpower, equipments andfinances as per NDMA guidelines on improving fire services. Additionally, it is recommended to create a departmentfor fire services at the state level for standardisation, capacity development, and solving jurisdictional issuedfaced by fire stations of individual municipalities.• Local emergency response team (LERT) should be formed at local fire departments. The LERT should be welltrainedand well-equipped to deal with small scale and frequent local emergencies (90% of chemical incidents).At least 1 LERT per LCG or DCG must be available.• The state has already planned five regional Emergency Response Centres (ERC) and four mini ERCs modelled onxxivGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

EXECUTIVE SUMMARYINCIDENT RESPONSE SYSTEMIt is recommended to establish an Incident Response System (IRS) to provide a scalable and flexible response structurefor different types and scales of chemical emergencies managed at different levels. The IRS provides a system for allresponsible parties – government authorities, industries, offsite response agencies, NGOs, private business, communitiesto participate and respond in a coordinated way. The IRS allows for one incident command structure to prioritize andaccomplish multiple objectives. While this plan uses the guidelines for incidence response team structure at the locallevel as per NDMA guidelines on IRS, we make specific recommendations most suitable for chemical emergencies.ESTABLISH INCIDENT INTIMATION AND NOTIFICATION PROCESSESSetting up an incident intimation system that can aid rapid response by public agencies without waiting for the incidentto potentially become offsite is critical. We have recommended that the industry notify a leak as per a quantitativecriteria and proactively. We suggest that LCR and DEOC be designated as official notification points for the occupier, butthe occupier can additionally call police, 108, medical department and others for faster communication. SEOC will benotified by the DEOC as per the needs.IMPROVING CONTROL ROOM MANAGEMENTThe control room is a critical asset for effective response. We have recommended strengthening of SEOC to dothe following:• Ability to receive and direct notification of emergency• Adequate equipment to ensure the self-sufficiency of the control room• Avoiding conflicting agency-specific control rooms for coordinated response and better communication• Establishing procedures for deactivation and demobilization of the local control room• Additionally, communication among different stakeholders must be significantly improved through state-widecommunication plan and regular communication exercises.SITUATIONAL AWARENESS• It is proposed to use the CAMEO software suite developed by the USEPA and NOAA for planning the response.• The use of the Emergency Response Guidebook (2012) is also recommended to provide quick and adequateinformation to first responders and others. Basic training of users of ERG (2012) is necessary even though theguide is organized for easy understanding. First responders will need a hard copy of the same translated inGujarati.• Situational awareness is not a one time but continuous activity.HIERARCHICAL HAZMAT RESPONSE SYSTEMA hierarchical Chemical Emergency Response team structure is proposed as follows:• Level 1- The Local Emergency Response Team• Level 2 - The Regional Response Team• Level 3- The State Emergency Response TeamxxviGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

EXECUTIVE SUMMARYEMERGENCY PUBLIC INFORMATIONThe community in immediate vicinity of a hazardous chemical unit may face very high levels of hazard within very shorttime in case of a chemical leak. They should be immediately intimated through a public address system. We recommendthat such system be either in control of LCR or DEOR or the industry is authorized to warn the communities directlyusing sirens.MASS CARE AND MANAGEMENT OF DEADEach district should identify appropriate structures or buildings to be used as emergency shelters following a chemicalor industrial incident as well as develop capacity to manage a large number of fatalities through a plan and proceduresto locate, activate, mobilize, and provide additional personnel, transportation, last rites, and temporary cold storagefacilities for a mass fatality incident.MEDICAL PREPAREDNESS FOR CHEMICAL EMERGENCIESMedical preparedness is aimed to prepare medical and other authorities to develop capacities of first responders andupgrade infrastructure to the extent that they can handle a mass casualty event.The following recommendations have been made:• Establish a Public Private Partnership model to augment medical resources, considering that 70% of medicalresources in the country lie within the private sector• A chemical-specific medical management process needs to be established for the treatment of exposed/contaminated patients• Creation of a trained Medical First Responder (MFR) and Quick Response Medical Team (QRMT)• Work with EMS partner agencies to assess the possibility of tracking ambulances on a real-time basis. GVK-EMRIhas developed these capabilities for 108 ambulances• Creation of stationary decontamination facilities onsite as well and offsite in hospitals as well as mobiledecontamination facilities.• Create uniform casualty profile and classification of casualties• Up gradation of Poison Centres / toxicological laboratories/plan for on-site medical resource inventory• Stocking for antidotes and chemical casualty treatment kit onsite at \ MAH units, medical posts, ambulances, andearmarked health facilities• Develop Crisis Management Plan at earmarked Hospitals.RESPONSEThe response plan detailed out in this report establishes a concept of operations and assigns specific functional responsibilityto departments, agencies, and organizations within the Government of Gujarat for chemical and industrial disasters. Italso provides for the systematic integration of emergency resources when activated on the basis of IRS suggested by NDMAguidelines. Furthermore, this document establishes a plan for coordination and support of local disaster operations. Itaims to establish a chain of command at the state level to direct the activation and deployment of Regional ResponseTeams (RRTs) and the State Emergency Response Team (SERT).Chemical disasters can be classified per their scales as: Minor, Moderate, Major and Catastrophic.Verifiable andGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLANxxvii

EXECUTIVE SUMMARYMEDICAL EMERGENCY RESPONSE PROTOCOLRESPONSE CAPACITY ASSESSMENT AND PLANNING DURING RESPONSE - To be undertaken by the department ofhealth to assess the deployment needs of resources from outside, based on preliminary findings.ACTIVATION OF QRMT - The QRMT is activated immediately on intimation based on impact assessment ofthe hazard.MEDICAL RESPONSE – This will include on scene care, care in transit and transfer to definitive care. Key functionsinclude triage, resuscitation and decontamination.SEARCH AND RESCUE - In case of a chemical leak, sheltering in place and/or evaluation needs to be done as per theplanning and specifics of the incidents that are unfolding. However, once a chemical incident is in a phase where the firstresponder can in fact enter an affected area either using personal protective equipment or when the chemical cloud is oflow enough concentration, search and rescue of affected population is a key task, search and rescue can be done by thepolice, medical and/or fire first responders.ACTIVATION OF CRISIS MANAGEMENT AT HOSPITALS - In case of chemical disasters, the crisis managementat a hospital shall be immediately activated by triggering in built mechanisms for prompt emergencymedical response.PROTOCOL FOR MEDICAL MANAGEMENT- The department of health should develop a chemical-specific medicalmanagement protocol for treating exposed patients.RAPID ASSESSMENT OF HEALTH CONSEQUENCES – A first assessment should be carried out within 24 hours following theemergency with a more comprehensive assessment carried out later. The DOH and GPCB should conduct this exercise.PLAN FOR ANTIDOTES FOR CHEMICAL AGENT EXPOSURES - Responders must have antidotes, proper training onadministration, and protective gear to save patients.REQUISITION OF PHARMACEUTICAL STOCKPILE - It is assumed that a pharmaceutical stockpile is available in the stateas per the antidotes plan provided to the GSDMA. The SEOC will coordinate with the DEOC so that stockpile assets can beefficiently received and distributed upon arrival at the siteVENDOR MANAGED INVENTORY - It is assumed that an appropriate VMI programme is established in the state to obtainadditional supplies within 24 to 36 hours.PSYCHOSOCIAL CARE - In chemical emergencies, the psychological shocks in addition to actual exposure relatedcomplications pose a challenge.MEDICAL RESPONSE TO LONG TERM EFFECTS - In the post-disaster scenario some of the casualties may develop sequelsdue to chemical injuries. These cases may need regular follow-up, medical care, reconstructive surgery and rehabilitation.RESPONSE TO HAZCHEM TRANSPORTATION EMERGENCIESThe organization structure for response, concept of emergency operations, and roles and responsibility of key stakeholdersremains almost the same in case of emergencies involving the transportation of hazardous chemicals. The specialconsiderations while responding to transportation emergencies are:GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLANxxix

EXECUTIVE SUMMARYPIPELINE TRANSPORTATION - The initial notification may be done by the occupier/owner of the pipeline or by the localcommunity or by the contractor who caused the damage to the pipeline. Therefore, it is important that all pipelinesnodes and routes clearly display the emergency contact information in case of any accident with the pipeline. Once theinitial notification of an accident is obtained the response operations are similar to other chemical accidents.ROAD TRANSPORTATION- In case of an emergency involving a road tanker carrying hazardous chemical, the driver ofthe tanker is expected to be well-trained to handle emergency situations and have up-to-date contact information. Thenotification will be done by the driver by calling DEOC (# 1077) and Local Police Station. The consigner and consigneemay also make these calls. The tanker must display emergency information panel and driver should carry the TransportEmergency Card or TREMCARD which has detailed instructions on response actions for fire, spillage or leakage. Drivershould take protection actions by stopping traffic and general citizens from approaching the accident site until policearrive for help. The driver can try to stop the leak (if any) only if he is adequately trained and equipped to do so. Thepolice officer on scene will most likely be the first IC until a more qualified response team arrives. The most importantaction by the police is to cordon off the site of the accident, divert and regulate traffic, and evacuate/shelter in placecitizens in close proximity on a priority basis. The ERG (2012) which has been developed primarily for response tochemical emergencies during road transport should be followed. It is also important that untrained and unequipped firstresponders should not try to stop the leak or enter the hot zone and should instead wait for a qualified response.RECOVERYThe recovery phase of disaster management involves disaster relief, or the provision of immediate shelter, life supportand human needs to persons affected by, or responding to, a disaster. The broader disaster recovery involves thecoordinated process of supporting affected communities in the reconstruction of the physical infrastructure, restorationof the economy and of the environment, and support for the emotional, social, and physical wellbeing of those affected.The recovery phase of a disaster is headed by State Relief Commissioner, Revenue department, Gujarat. The main aspectsof recovery are grouped into four functions -• Infrastructure• Human –Social• Economic and livelihood• EnvironmentIt is important to acknowledge that the four functions of recovery overlap and recovery arrangements must reflect theinter-relationship between each of these functions.TRANSITION FROM RESPONSE TO RECOVERYAs recovery activities commence within the response phase, the transition to recovery requires detailed planning anda hand over from disaster response operations to disaster recovery operation teams to ensure continuity of disasteroperations. The major steps taken during transition include –1. Preliminary Damage Assessment2. Identification of the type of public or individual aid and assistance necessary in an emergency declaration3. Mobilization of essential resources to a temporary location of emergency mass care/Disaster recovery Centres4. Deployment of community groups to the affected community areas for information dissemination.xxxGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

EXECUTIVE SUMMARYRECOVERY ACTIONSIn addition to the immediate actions, the following immediate and long term recovery actions are required• Counselling and rehabilitation of victims to address psychological impact• Immediate financial relief to victims under the provision of the Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991• Restoration and regeneration of the eco-system for the remediation of the affected environment• Repair and reconstruction of damaged structures and services• Accident investigation• Payment of penalty and compensation or relief from the responsible industry, the Prime Minister’s Relief Fund,National Disaster Response Fund and the State Disaster Response Fund.PLAN MAINTENANCE AND UPDATINGThe State CDMP should be reviewed annually because we have recommended that the district offsite plans and CDMP beupdated at least annually after the full scale district level offsite mock drill. State CDMP is based on district CDMP andshould make provisions for specific gaps and needs of the districts so that an annual review is necessary. The updatingof State CDMP can be necessary after specific instances such as post response to a state level chemical emergency whichidentifies any lack in response and thus a need to plan to avoid the same in future.This section of CDMP also includes formal approval of the plan from Chairman SCG (Chief Secretary) and CEO (GSDMA),and a table for record of change in the plan. The plan should be shared with all concerned stakeholders with theirundertaking that they would fulfil the responsibilities entrusted under the plan. All revisions and updating of the planmust be made in a participatory manner. The quarterly meetings of SCG (as required by CAEPPR Rules) can be used forreviewing, updating and other relevant discussions.GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLANxxxi

1INTRODUCTIONAs one of the most developed and industrialized statesin India, Gujarat is also vulnerable to chemical andindustrial hazards. Therefore, the State must buildcapacity for prevention, preparedness, response andrecovery from chemical emergencies and disasters. Whileevery chemical emergency does not lead to an offsiteemergency, some of these emergencies can affect publicand private infrastructure, the population at large, andthe environment. Safety provisions and other mitigationmeasures in the industry may reduce the probability,frequency, or severity of chemical emergencies, but therisk of such emergencies exists.Therefore, it is essential for the chemical industry, publicagencies and departments, and citizens – to be preparedat all times. While Gujarat has made significant progressin improving overall industrial safety and managingchemical emergencies, much more needs to be done toimprove chemical emergency management especiallywhen the vision is to prepare the state for rapid industrialgrowth while ensuring world class system for chemicaldisaster management.This model state Chemical Disaster Management Plan(CDMP) is a result of the study commissioned by theGujarat State Disaster Management Authority (GSDMA) toachieve international standards of prevention, mitigation,preparedness, and response to chemical emergencies.1.1 PURPOSEThe purpose of this plan is to define the actions and rolesnecessary to provide a coordinated, qualified, and quickresponse for chemical and industrial disasters. This planprovides guidance to state agencies within Gujarat with ageneral concept of potential disaster assignments before,during, and following chemical disasters. It also providesfor the systematic integration of emergency resourceswhen activated on the basis of the IRS and the IncidentResponse Teams (IRT) is formed.1.2 SCOPE AND OBJECTIVESGSDMA has commissioned this project to preparea chemical and industrial disaster managementplan. Specifically, the terms of reference seek that:• Based on international best practices, prepareState level Disaster Management Plan forChemical and Industrial Hazards. The Planshall include measures for disaster preventionand mitigation, response, relief, post disasterrehabilitation and reconstruction. The Plan shallbe developed on the basis of guidelines publishedby the National Disaster Management Authority(NDMA), Government of India and considering theexisting State level plan prepared by Labour &Employment Department, Government of Gujarat• Prepare a trigger mechanism for emergencyquick response with the aim of implementingprevention & mitigation measures without anyloss of time, with the primary objective ofreduction to the extent possible human miseryand loss of resources• Take stock of infrastructure available to meetwide scale industrial accidents, and suggesttypes of equipment and organizational structuresfor not only prevention, but early detection andcombating of industrial disastersCurrently, under MSIHC rules, state response plan anddistrict offsite plans are being prepared in Gujarat.Gujarat is one of the first states to adopt 2010 NationalGuidelines for Offsite Emergency Plan by MoEF. Theindustrial safety is also being ensured as per FactoriesRules by DISH. However, GSDMA felt a need to preparea “model” plan that is futuristic and aspires to meetinternational standards for effective chemical emergencymanagement. Need for such a plan is acute given the highgrowth prospects of Gujarat and need for coordination ofemergency response structure under MSIHC and CAEPPRRules and DM Act and GSDM Act. GSDMA appointed ateam of international consultants led by m/s PRESTELS toprepare a model state CDMP based on NDMA guidelines aswell as meeting the international norms with an objectiveof rapid and effective response to chemical emergenciesto save lives, environment and property.GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 1

1INTRODUCTION1.3 APPROACH TO PREPARATION OF STATECDMPThe international consultant team appointed by GSDMAhas prepared the CDMP in a participatory and modularapproach. The following reports developed as a partof preparatory modules under the contract with GSDMAprovide the basis for the State CDMP:Module 11. Capability assessment and gap analysis2. Vulnerability assessment3. Antidotes plan4. Synchronization between onsite and offsite plansModule 21. Improvement in response mechanism2. Community sensitization strategy3. Performance improvement of DISH, PESO and CEI4. GIS based database system for chemical disastermanagementAll these interim reports were prepared in participatorymanner by inclusion of all key stakeholders and providemuch more in-depth information than that summarized inthis state CDMP. The purpose of state CDMP is not to providea page heavy report by consolidating all information butto provide a “plan” that will help us identify what must bedone to achieve high level of preparedness and capability.The required information for preparing the reports wascollected from secondary data provided by variousagencies, one-on-one interviews, group interviews,workshops, and organizational assessments by experts.In addition, the study team has built upon the StateChemical Emergency Response Plan prepared by the StateCrisis Group in 2008. The study team has also consideredNDMA guidelines in preparation of the plan. This CDMPis not an attempt to replace the available state responseplan that is based on current realities, but it is a plan toachieve international levels of preparedness consideringthe existing administrative and legal set up in India. Therecommendations here in range from easy short termsolutions to complex longer term strategies. This CDMPwas discussed with all stakeholders and their commentswere incorporated1.4 DIFFERENCE AND SYNERGIES BETWEENCDMP AND OFFSITE PLANSMOEF took the leadership in setting up legal andinstitutional framework for managing chemicalemergencies in industries through MSIHC Rules (1989)and CEAPPR Rules (1996) for more than two decadesfollowing the Bhopal Tragedy. One of the instrumentsfor chemical management is offsite emergency planby DCG and SCG. It is highly credible that MOEF hasbeen effective in making such plans based on realitieson the ground. However, the DM Act (2005) and GSDMAct (2003) were the paradigm shift in management ofdisasters in the country, including chemical disasters.DM Act (2005) and GSDM Act (2003) envision “AllHazard” concept to disaster management. These actsalso mandated creation of state and district (andlocal) disaster management authorities. In some ways,this created a parallel structure to manage chemicalemergencies, but in other ways these authorities orthe crisis groups under MSIHC are not the responseagencies themselves.Therefore, the responsibilityfor response is still with individual departments. DMActs also required preparation of DMP that consider theentire cycle of Prevention and Mitigation, Preparedness,Response, Recovery and Rehabilitation. On other hand,offsite plan under MSIHC Rules focus on response tochemical emergencies and preparedness to provide suchresponse. The offsite plan thus included information thatmust be readily available during response to a chemicalemergency, but offsite plans do not provide a “plan” totake a comprehensive approach to disaster management.While, nothing in MSIHC Rules stops the offsite frombeing developed in to a comprehensive plan for disastermanagement, the fact is that the newer DM Act usethe term DMP to distinguish itself from Offsite Plan.As demonstrated in Figure 1 below, ideally an offsiteplan can be an element of a more comprehensive DMP.1.5 HIERARCHY AND RELATIONSHIP OF THEPLANSMSIHC Rules 1989, CEAPPR Rules 1996, GSDM Act 2003,and DM Act 2005 recognize that disaster management isa participatory and bottom-up process. Therefore, all2 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

1INTRODUCTIONPREVENTION & MITIGATIONPREPAREDNESSREHABILITATION & RECONSTRUCTIONRESPONSE & RECOVERYFigure 1. Disaster Management Cycle and Focus of Offsite Planthese Acts and Rules can work together to achieve thedesired level of planning and preparedness. As depictedin Figure 2, the onsite plan of the industry prepared underMSIHC Rules is the most important and basic element.The DCG offsite plan (and thus District CDMP) is based onthe information contained in the onsite plans.The state and national level plans are based on theinformation in district plans. For example, the onsiteplans identify emergency scenarios which have potentialfor offsite consequences and thus need the assistanceof offsite agencies at the local level. The local (LCG)or district level (DCG) plans for assistance to industriesand identify scenarios that cannot be managed at local ordistrict levels and must be scaled up to regional or statelevel. The state level plan provides for assistance to thedistrict and also identifies scenarios which need nationalassistance. Each plan has procedures to request higherlevels of assistance.The CDMP assigns roles to different offsite response agencyand government departments. These offsite agenciesand state departments need to develop PreparednessAction Plans to develop their capacity and preparednesscommensurate with their own roles and responsibilities.1.6 COORDINATING STRUCTURES UNDERCAEPPR RULES AND DM ACTSMSIHC Rules and DM Act both provide for a differentmechanism to plan for and respond to chemical disasters,but both assign the chief secretary and district collector apivotal role in planning and response as shown in Figure 3.The chief secretary is the chairman of SCG under CAEPPRRules as well as a designated member of GSDMA underDM Act and GSDM Act. The CEO of GSDMA can also be amember of state crisis group which ensures coordinationof the structures at the state level. The District Collector(DC) is assigned the chairmanship for both the DCG andDDMA under CAEPPR Rules and DM Acts. Therefore, he isGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 3

1INTRODUCTION1.7 LOCAL RESPONSE TO CHEMICALDISASTERS – EMERGENCY ORGANISATIONSTRUCTUREAlthough the regional, state and national agencies canprovide assistance, the response to a chemical disaster isalways local. LCG is the lowest level of group available atindustrial cluster level whereas DCG is the next level ofresponse. Often LCGs are not available in which case theDCG level is the lowest level of response. As per DM Act2005, the local authorities and Panchayati Raj Institutionscan plan for, prepare, and respond to emergencies.Therefore, even Taluka or block level administration canprepare for and co-ordinate the response to chemicalemergencies, provided Taluka level CDMPs are preparedincluding management of Chemical Disasters, althoughsuch plans are not currently available.The stakeholders for chemical disaster management atthe state and district level have been categorised intoagencies responsible for planning and co-ordination andagencies responsible for response. While a majorityof the agencies /teams/groups exist, some additionalones are already planned in Gujarat and some new onesare proposed in this CDMP. Table 1 lists these agencieswith their roles in Disaster Management. Details of theirroles and responsibilities are included in the subsequentchapters. The composition of the SCG, DCG and LCG areillustrated in Figure 4 and 5 and 6 respectively.As per the CAEPPR Rules, the role of the SCG isas follows:1. Be the apex body in the state to deal withmajor chemical accidents and to provide expertguidance for handling major chemical accidents2. Assist the State Government in the planning,preparedness and mitigation of major chemicalaccidents in the State3. Assist the State Government in managingchemical accidents at a site4. Continuously monitor the post-accident situationarising out of a major chemical accident inthe State and forward a report to the CentralCrisis group5. Review all district off-site emergency plans in theState for its adequacy and forward a report tothe Central Crisis Group6. Review the progress report submitted by theDistrict Crisis groups7. Respond to queries addressed to it by the DistrictCrisis groups8. Publish a list of experts and officials in the Statewho are concerned with the management ofchemical accidents.As per CAEPPR Rules, the role of DCG is the following:1. Assist in the preparation of the district off-siteemergency plan2. Review all the on-site emergency plans preparedby the occupier of Major Accident Hazardsinstallation for the preparation of the district offsiteemergency plan3. Assist the district administration in themanagement of chemical accidents at a site lyingwithin the district4. Continuously monitor every chemical accident5. Ensure continuous information flow fromthe district to the Centre and State CrisisGroup regarding accident situation andmitigation efforts6. Forward a report of the chemicals accidentwithin fifteen days to the State Crisis Groups7. Conduct at least one full scale mockdrillof a chemical accident at a site eachyear and forward a report of the strengthand the weakness of the plan to the StateCrisis Group.The role of LCG as per CAEPPR Rules is to:1. Prepare local emergency plan for theindustrial pocket2. Ensure dovetailing of the local emergency planwith the district off-site emergency plan3. Train personnel involved in chemical accidentmanagement4. Educate the population, likely to be affected inGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 5

1INTRODUCTIONa chemical accident, about the remedies andexisting preparedness in the area5. Conduct at least one full scale mock-drill of achemical accident at a site every six months andforward a report to the District Crisis Group6. Respond to all public inquires on the subject.It is thus clear that LCG is predominantly a planning andpreparedness related committee whereas DCG is notonly planning and preparedness but also an emergencyresponse management committee.However, noneof them is the response agencies per se but includesmembers that are response agencies. This CDMP hasrecommended building government capability to havequalified HAZMAT response at the disposal of the local,district and state administration, and not relying entirelyon the industry. This CDMP also envision organization asper IRS recommended by NDMA.While the proposed emergency organization as per IRSis discussed later, we wish to right now address that theexisting structures of LCG and DCG are not in conflictwith IRS, and in fact quite synergistic. The IRS is notprescriptive about who must play which role but onlysuggestive so that the state administration can for itselfdecide which agency or person is best suited for a givenrole. In fact even industry personnel can be given a rolein IRS just as they are in SCG. However, IRS providesadditional advantage of being scalable by includingadditional and higher levels of response in the commandstructure, being flexible by transferring command andother sections to qualified people as scale and nature ofemergency changes, and with a unified command so thatthere is one authorized, and accountable (technicallyqualified) incident commander.1.8 LEGAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK FORDISASTER MANAGEMENT PLANThe Manufacture, Storage and Import of HazardousChemicals (MSIHC) Rules, 1989 and the Chemical Accidents(Emergency Planning, Preparedness and Response)(CAEPPR) Rules, 1996 provide a statutory structure forcontrolling major hazards posed by hazardous chemicals.These rules provide the structure for responding tochemical emergencies. The onsite plans prepared by theMajor Accident Hazard (MAH) installation as per Rule 13(1)of MSIHC Rules provide vital information for the offsiteplan to be prepared under Rule 14(1).In 2005, the Disaster Management Act (DM Act) wasenacted. The Gujarat State Disaster ManagementAct, 2003 (GSDM Act, 2003) was enacted before thenational DM Act, 2005. Both these acts are a paradigmshift from response centric planning to a proactiveprevention and mitigation, preparedness, and responseand recovery driven plan. The scope of these actsincludes chemical and industrial emergencies as well asman made disasters. As discussed in Section 1.3, theoffsite plan required to be prepared as per MSIHC rulescan be a part of CDMP prepared as per DM Act 2005 andGSDM Act 2003.The above acts and rules are supported by severaltechnical regulations such as the Gujarat Factories Rules,PNGRB Rules, Dock Safety Rules and others to improve theoverall safety performance of the industry. MSIHC rulesare also notified under the Gujarat Factories Rule, whichcan potentially give powers to DISH to extend these rulesto all factories and not only MAH units.1.8.1 LEGAL AUTHORITYThis plan derives its authority from the following acts andrules:ACTS:• The Factories Act, 1948, as amended in 1976 and1987• The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986• Disaster Management Act, 2005• The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991 asamended in 1992• The National Environment Tribunal Act, 1995• Gujarat State Disaster Management AuthorityAct, 2003• The Explosive Act, 1884• The Petroleum Act, 1934• Electricity Act, 2003• Dock Workers (Safety, Health & Welfare)Act, 1986.6 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

1INTRODUCTIONRULES:• The Gujarat Factories Rules 1963 under theFactories Act, 1948 as amended in 1995• The Manufacture, Storage and Import ofHazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989 as amended in1994, 2000 and 2004• The Public Liability Insurance Rules, 1991 asamended in 1992• The Chemical Accidents (Emergency Planning,Preparedness and Response) Rules, 1996• Explosive Rules, 2008• Central Motor Vehicles Rules, 1989• Hazardous Wastes (Management, Handling andTransbounary Movement) Rules, 2008.1.8.2 KEY REGULATORY BODIESThe primary responsibility for dealing with chemicalemergencies lies with the following:Government of India: The Ministry of Environment andForests has been designated as the nodal ministry forchemical accidents.GOVERNMENT OF GUJARAT:• Gujarat State Disaster Management AuthorityUnder DM Act 2005 and GSDM Act 2003• The Department of Labour and Employment viathe Directorate of Industrial Safety and Healthunder MSIHC Rules• The other regulatory authorities who are givena role in enforcing MSIHC Rules are the ChiefInspector of Dock Safety, appointed under theDock Workers (Safety Health and Welfare) Act,1986, the Chief Inspector of Mines, appointedunder the Mines Act, 1952, the Atomic EnergyRegulatory Board, appointed under Atomic EnergyAct, 1972, and the Chief Controller of Explosives(now known as PESO), appointed under the IndianExplosives Act and Rules, 1983.1.9 ORGANIZATION OF THE PLANChapter one of this plan is the introduction to thebackground, need and processes of developing this StateChemical DMP. Chapter two describes the chemicalhazards existing in the State with a brief synopsisof risks and vulnerability. Chapter three summarizeskey recommendations for prevention and mitigation.Chapter four provides key recommendations to improvethe preparedness to respond to chemical disasters.Chapter five is the response plan which is based onthe assumption that the preparedness level as perchapter four is achieved. Chapter six summarizeskey recommendations and activities for recovery andreconstruction post chemical disasters. Chapter sevendescribes the management and maintenance of this CDMP.GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 7

1INTRODUCTIONTable 1. Stakeholder Roles in Disaster Management and ResponseLEGEND: Existing Organizations, Planned Organizations in Gujarat, Newly Recommended in this CDMPPOLICY FORMULATION/REGULATION/ENFORCEMENTPLANNING /CO-ORDINATION /CAPACITY BUILDING/TRAININGRESPONSECO-ORDINATION ANDCOMMUNICATIONSFIRST/PRIMARYRESPONSESUPPORT IN RESPONSE,AND RECOVERY ANDREHABSTATEDISHGSDMAGPCBPNGRBWestern RailwaysPESOCEI,DOTGMBAirport Authority of IndiaDISHGSDMAState Crisis Group (SCG)GIDCPESODept of TransportationGMBAirport Authority of IndiaERCSEOCERCSDRFSDRFSERTRRT at ERCFire ServicesMedical Services (108)Police DeptDepartment of HealthDept of Industries and MinesPublic Works departmentGPCBDept of Animal HusbandryDepartment of AgricultureDept of TransportationMinistry of RailwaysTraffic PoliceDept of TransportationDISTRICTDistrict and regional levelrepresentatives of aboveorganizationsDCGLCGDDMAAs per IRS: Establish Incident CommandPost (ICP) near emergency site.Primary response from ICP. Establishescommunication with DEOCDistrict Emergency Operations Centre(DEOC )LERT attached to local fire station(qualified HAZMAT response)Fire, medical and Police, or others as perIRT under command of ICQuick Response Medical Team (QRMT)Dept of Revenue/ Relief Commissioner /Collector’s office as main coordinator.District Level representatives of theState level AgenciesIRT can be formed under IRS even forimmediate recovery phase which is anextension of response8 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

1INTRODUCTIONSECRETARY (ENVIRONMENT) MEMBERSECRETARY (HEALTH)SECRETARY (INDUSTRIES)SECRETARY (PUBLIC HEALTH ENGG)SECRETARY (INDUSTRIES & MINES)CHAIRMAN, STATE POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD4-EXPERTS (INDUSTRIAL SAFETY & HEALTH) TO BE NOMINATED BY THE STATE GOVERNMENTSECRETARY / COMMISSIONER (TRANSPORT)DIRECTOR (INDUSTRIAL SAFETY)FIRE CHIEFCOMMISSIONER OF POLICEONE REPRESENTATIVE FROM THE INDUSTRY TO BE NOMINATED BY THE STATE GOVERNMENTFigure 4. Composition of State Crisis GroupGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 9

1INTRODUCTIONDISTRICT EMERGENCY OFFICER MEMBERCHIEF FIRE OFFICERDISTRICT INFORMATION OFFICERCONTROLLER OF EXPLOSIVESCHIEF, CIVIL DEFENCEONE REPRESENTATIVE OF TRADE UNIONS TO BE NOMINATED BY THE DISTRICT COLLECTORDEPUTY SUPERINTENDENT OF POLICEDISTRICT HEALTH OFFICER/CHIEF MEDICAL OFFICERCOMMISSIONER, MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONSONE REPRESENTATIVE OF INDUSTRY TO BE NOMINATED BY THE DISTRICT COLLECTORREPRESENTATIVE OF POLLUTION CONTROL BOARDDISTRICT AGRICULTURE OFFICERGM TELECOM4 EXPERTS (INDUSTRIAL SAFETY & HEALTH) TO BE NOMINATED BY THE DISTRICT COLLECTORCOMMISSIONER (TRANSPORT)CHAIR-PERSON/MEMBER-SECRETARY OF LOCAL CRISIS GROUPSFigure 5. Composition of District Crisis Group10 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

2HAZARD ANALYSIS AND VULNERABILITYASSESSMENT2.1 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION2.1.1 AN OVERVIEW OF THE INDUSTRIALHAZARDS IN GUJARATGujarat faces not only natural hazards such as cyclones,earthquakes, flooding, tsunamis, and storm surges,but also man made hazards due to industrialization ofthe state. The proximity to international borders alsomakes chemical terrorism a possible source of chemicaldisasters in the state. The chemical industry occupies apre-eminent position in the industrial sector of Gujarat,contributing to more than 40% of industrial output.Almost the entire range of chemical process industryexists in Gujarat, including hydrocarbon processing/refining products, petrochemicals-polymers and manmadefibres, fertilizers, health care products, plantprotection chemicals, dyes, pigments and intermediates,fine chemicals, surface coating products, salt and saltbasedproducts, ceramics, glass, cement, vegetable oils,fats and detergents. More than 50% of new investmentsin the state are in chemical and petrochemical sectors.Currently, Gujarat has 36,179 factories registered underthe factories act 2 . Out of these 25,206 are working as ofJanuary, 2011. Based on the chemical database providedto us by DISH, currently there are 380 MAH, 1019 Type-Aand 758 Type-B industries 3 . Out of these 41 MAH, 173Type-A, 232 Type-B are closed.A stretch of 400 kilometres from Ahmedabad to Vapi isknown as the “Golden Corridor.” In the Bharuch district,Ankleshwar, situated on the Narmada estuary, is Asia’slargest chemical zone. To support the rapid developmentof the textile industry in the state post-independence,a large integrated chemical complex came up at Atul inValsad district. The discovery of oil and gas in Ankleshwarand the surrounding areas led to the building of GujaratRefinery Ltd.The downstream units in the form ofpetrochemical complex (IPCL) and fertilizer complex(GSFC) at Vadodara were logical steps in producing value12 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLANadded indigenous products. The major hydrocarboncomplexes are located in Vadodara, Bharuch, Surat, andJamnagar districts. These include Gujarat Refinery, IndianPetrochemicals Ltd. and Gujarat State Fertilizer Co. alongwith several downstream units in the Jawaharnagar (Koyali)petrochemical complex area; fertilizer plants at Vadodara,Hazira, Bharuch, Kalol, and Kandla, and petrochemicalcomplexes at Vadodara, Dahej, Hazira, and Jamnagar.The caustic/chlorine manufacturing plants are locatedin Mithapur, Veraval, Surendranagar, Vadodara, Dahej,Jhagadia, and Atul. Toxic chemicals such as cyanidesare produced in GACL Baroda, Cyanides & Chemicals atOlpad (Surat District). The refinery and the petrochemicalcomplex triggered the development of small and mediumscale chemical industries for the production of chemicalsfirst in Nandesari, followed by Vapi, Vatva, Ankleshwar,and other places.In addition to the manufacturing industries, there issignificant infrastructure for handling chemicals such aspipelines, transportation (rail and road), and isolatedstorages. A cross-country 2300 Km Hazira-Bijapur-Jagdishpur (HBJ) gas pipeline originates from Hazira. Ahydrocarbon supply pipeline runs from Kandla to Bhatinda(Punjab). A pipeline network of more than 17000kilometres of oil and gas pipeline is present in the state.Major LNG terminals are proposed at Pipavav, Dahej andHazira, which would necessitate laying of long crosscountrypipelines for carrying natural gas. The crude oilcarrying pipelines include Salaya-Mathura, Viramgam-Vadodara, and those proposed from Mundra to PunjabState. The petroleum products carrying pipelines includeVadodara-Sabarmati, Kandla-Bhatinda and Jamnagar-Kandla (off-shore). Railways, state highways and nationalhighways running through the state carry chemical cargothat originates in or transits through the state. Thereare several isolated storages mainly at Vadodara, Kheda,Sanand, Bavla, Rajkot, and Bhavnagar. Gujarat also has2www.labourandemployment.gov.in/dish/statistics/factories/office_wisehtm. Accessed on 15 March 20123As per MSIHC Rule 2 (ja), isolated storage and industrial activity at a site handling hazardous chemicals equal to orin excess of threshold quantities specified in column 3 of schedule 2 and 3 are known as MAH installations. Quantitieshandled below the threshold quantity as mentioned above are known to be Type ‘A’ industries. Handling of hazardoussolvents and highly inflammable liquids are known to be Type ‘B’ industries. (communication with Assistant Director DISH)

2HAZARD ANALYSIS AND VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENTseveral airports that not only store aviation fuel but mayalso hold hazardous chemical cargo. Several defenceand nuclear installations in the state also pose the risk ofchemical emergencies.Because most of Gujarat faces earthquake risk, chemicalindustries are often situated in earthquake prone regions.Port based industries can face the risk of tsunami,storm surge and flooding as well. Therefore, the stateis also vulnerable to chemical or industrial disastersas an aftermath of a natural disaster. For example,Kandla cyclone of 1998 affected oil terminals, jetties,transportation facilities, factories, buildings, warehouses,and storage tanks. There have been reports of chemicalspill in Kandla port in the wake of January 26 earthquakein 2001.2.1.2 DESCRIPTION OF CHEMICAL HAZARDSThe three principal types of hazards associated withchemical emergencies are fires, explosions, and toxicreleases that affect the population and environment.Additional hazards include chemical spillage or spill over.Chemical corrosion too can cause damage to propertyand sometimes life. Chemical emergency or disaster caninvolve one or more of these hazards as described below.2.1.2.1 FIRE HAZARDFires occur in industry more frequently than explosionsand toxic releases. However, the consequences in termsof loss of life are generally less because a fire allows sometime for people to escape and physical protection againstit may be available. The effects of a fire on peopleusually take the form of skin burns due to exposure tothermal radiation. The severity of burns depends on theduration of exposure and the intensity of the heat. Heatradiation is inversely proportional to the square of thedistance from the source.There are several properties that measure how readily—that is, how easily—a chemical will catch on fire. Themore volatile a chemical is, the faster it evaporates, andthe quicker a flammable vapour cloud is formed. The flashpoint is the lowest temperature where a flammable liquidwill evaporate enough to catch on fire if an ignition sourceis present. The lower the flash point, the easier it is for afire to start. Flammability limits, also known as the LowerExplosive Limit (LEL) and the Upper Explosive Limit (UEL),are the concentration boundaries of the flammable areaof a vapour cloud. A chemical will burn only if its fuel-airconcentration is between the LEL and the UEL. To someextent, these properties are inter-related. Chemicals thatare highly volatile and have a low flash point will usuallyalso have a low LEL.Once the chemical catches on fire, three things need to bepresent to keep the fire going: fuel (the chemical vapour),oxygen, and heat. This is often referred to as the fueltriangle. If any one of those components is eliminated,then the fire will stop burning.Like other reactions, a fire can also generate byproducts—smoke,soot, ash, and new chemicals formedin the reaction. Some of these reaction by-products canbe hazardous themselves. For example, the combustionof polyurethane foam gives off cyanides fumes. Inchemical industries, the following types of fire scenariosare possible:Jet fires occur when a flammable liquid or gas is ignitedafter its release from a pressurized, punctured vessel orpipe. The pressure of release generates a long flame,which is stable under most conditions. Typically, jet fireshave a length less than 50 meters and thus typicallystay confined onsite. However, if this jet impinges ona neighbouring tank then that tank ruptures under heatstress or BLEVE. Therefore, it is important to control jetfires to avoid domino effects. In case of jet fire, it will beprudent to keep the neighbouring tanks and the burningtank cool by water spray only if water is indicated safe touse for the unfolding scenario.A pool fire occurs on ignition of an accumulation of liquidas a pool on the ground or on water or another liquid.Pool fire diameters are usually confined to the Dyke areaof the tank or tank farms. Pool fires can give rise to BLEVEunder certain conditions. Pool fires in large tank farmscan result in a major disaster by a cascading / dominoeffect. The IOC Jaipur fire of 2009 is an example of apool fire.A flash fire occurs when a cloud of flammable gas andGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 13

2HAZARD ANALYSIS AND VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENTair is ignited. Usually, flash fire or vapour cloud explosionresults depending upon the spread of flame post ignitionand environmental conditions. In reality, it is difficult topredict whether a flash fire or VCE will happen. In a flashfire, within a few second of ignition the flame spreadsboth upwind and downwind of the ignition source. Theduration of this fire is very short, but it can give rise tosecondary fires that may take longer to control. A capablefire department should be able to respond to suchsecondary fires (these are not chemical emergencies buta domino effect).Fireballs are a rapid turbulent combustion of fuel, usuallyin the form of a rising and expanding radiant ball of flame.When a jet fire or pool fire impinges on a vessel containingpressure-liquefied gas, the pressure in the vessel risesand the vessel wall weakens ultimately resulting incatastrophic failure of the vessel. This phenomenon isknown as a Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosion(BLEVE). Although the duration of the heat pulse froma fireball is typically less than 30 seconds, the damagepotential is high due to the fireball’s massive surfacethermal radiation emissive power. A fireball can alsobe expected to cause significant overpressures (blast).However, the thermal radiation generally results in higherdamage of life and property and thus included as a threatscenario for BLEVE.2.1.2.2 EXPLOSION HAZARDExplosions are caused when a mixture of air and fuelgets ignited. Depending upon the characteristics of theexplosive vapour, the ignition may also result in a flashfire. The Vapour Cloud Explosion (VCE) can be unconfinedor confined. Confined explosions occur within some formof containment (e.g. vessels, pipe work), or in less obvioussituations (e.g. between buildings), while unconfinedexplosions can occur in open air.It is sometimes difficult to make a distinction betweena fire and an explosion. Often an explosion is followedby a fire, with damage and casualties being caused byboth. Probably the greatest danger arises from the suddenmassive release of flammable material producing a largecloud of flammable and possibly explosive vapour. Ifthis cloud were ignited, the effects would depend on anumber of factors including wind speed and the degreeof dilution of the cloud with air. It could lead to largenumber of casualties and damage both onsite and beyond.However, the effects are generally limited to less than300-400 meters.2.1.2.3 TOXIC HAZARDContinuous or sudden releases of toxic vapours have thepotential to cause death and severe injuries at a muchgreater distance. In theory, such a release could producelethal concentrations at several kilometres from the pointof release. In practice, the actual number of casualtiesdepends on the meteorological conditions, density ofpopulation in the path of the cloud, and the effectivenessof the emergency arrangements. Toxic materials can alsobe carried considerable distances by water. Their releaseinto the public sewerage system, rivers, canals and otherwater courses, either directly, or through contaminatedwater used in fire fighting, can result in serious threats topublic health.While fire and explosion hazards can be controlled andresponded by basic (but capable) fire resource capability.However, response to toxic leaks needs specialist training,equipment, and procedures. We have recommendedcreation of HAZMAT teams (at local, regional and statelevels) to respond to all types of chemical emergenciesincluding toxic.2.1.3 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCESThe possible environmental consequences of a chemicalemergency include:• The release into the atmosphere of toxic orcorrosive gases, aerosols or particulate materialswhich could ultimately harm the aerial, terrestrialor aquatic environments• The release of liquids or solids which couldadversely affect land or water courses and theflora and fauna therein• Fires or explosions causing damage to buildings ornatural environment• The effects of environmental impact can bedirect or indirect, immediate or delayed,temporary or persistent. The persistent effectsare of particular importance, such as damagecaused to habitats by fire.14 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

2HAZARD ANALYSIS AND VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT2.1.4 MEDICAL CONSEQUENCE OF CHEMICALEXPOSUREHuman exposure to chemical releases can occur throughair, food and drink, water or direct dermal contact withthe chemical. Epidemiologists need to be aware thatapparently inexplicable disease outbreaks may be thefirst evidence of a toxic release into the community.Chemical-induced disorders can manifest themselves inany organ system. Because the body has only a limitedrepertoire of disease responses, the signs and symptomsmay resemble diseases arising from other causes. Unlessthe disorder is highly specific to the particular agent,epidemiological studies may be necessary to determinewhether the occurrence of a disease in a population hasincreased as a result of chemical exposure. In general,the adverse responses to toxic exposures may be:1. Effects that are local or arise at the site of contactwith the chemical, such as broncho-constrictionfrom respiratory irritants or irritation of the skinand eyes by irritant gases2. Effects that are systemic or affect organ systemsremote from the site of absorption, such asdepression of the central nervous system fromthe absorption of solvents through the skin, ornecrosis of the liver from the inhalation of carbontetrachloride3. Effects on mental health arising from realor perceived releases, which depend on thepsychological stress associated with an incident.The timing of the adverse health effects after exposuremay vary.1. Acute effects appear within seconds or minutes,and include eye irritation, broncho-constrictionor pulmonary oedema2. Sub-chronic effects appear within hours or days,and include delayed pulmonary oedema fromphosgene, or renal failure in arsenic poisoning3. Chronic effects appear weeks to years afterexposure. These may be of the greatest concern inan incident, even in the absence of any casualtieswith acute or sub-chronic effects, and mayinclude cancer and reproductive abnormalities.2.1.5 CLASSIFICATION OF SCALE OF DISASTERSOne of the ways of classifying chemical disaster is by theconsequences according to the provisions of Manufacture,Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals, Rules 1989.Table 2 classifies chemical disasters as minor, moderate,major and catastrophic based on the consequence as perUSEPA criteria. These classifications are useful for responsecapacity assessment and also help in standardizingdefinition of scale of disasters.This classification isdifferent than NDMA levels of emergency (Levels 0 to 3)discussed in the next section.2.1.6 LEVELS OF EMERGENCYNDMA guidelines on chemical disasters have definedLevels of Emergencies which are useful in communicatingthe level of response needed or provided.• Level – 0: A non-emergency period when mockdrills, trainings, exercises and other preparednessactivities for effective response should be done.• Level – 1: The emergency will spill over to offsite(outside factory) and within the capabilities ofthe district administration to deal with.• Level – 2: The emergency will require assistanceand help from the state government and withintheir capability.• Level – 3: A National level disaster requiringmajor direct intervention of centre.For communication purpose we recommend addingfollowing level because NDMA levels ignore onsiteemergencies or emergencies that require support fromdistrict or local response agencies.• Level – 0A: An emergency that has only onsiteconsequences but requires support from local ordistrict response agencies.2.1.7 HAZARD WISE CLASSIFICATION OFDISTRICTSThe Government of Gujarat has categorized its districtson the basis of chemical and industrial hazards as perTable 3. This table may also help GSDMA prioritize thelocations of RRTs. We understand that ERC are for multihazardresponses and not only chemical, but the abovetable identifies districts as per only chemical hazard.GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 15

2HAZARD ANALYSIS AND VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENTinvolving pipelines is negligence in digging up the groundwhich can puncture pipelines.Rail transport and water way transport are less riskybecause these methods face lesser uncertainty onexogenous factors such as traffic on their route, accidentsof other vehicles on route, densely populated areasenroute, and others.Road transportation of hazardous chemicals poses thehighest risk due to the higher probability of accidents. Arisk of an accident is present when:• Vehicles carrying dangerous goods are left tostand unattended• The vehicle or container runs loose because it isnot properly connected or secured• The load starts to move during transport• Spillage is not quickly washed away from thevehicles or containers• Spillage is not properly cleaned• Incompatible substances mix with each other(e.g. using same tanker for different chemicals)• Driver is not properly trained to manger theemergency as per laid down norms• Vehicle is not well-maintained (especially forpressured tanks)• Vehicles not following dedicated routes and timesof travel.2.1.9 CHEMICAL EMERGENCIES IN AFTERMATH OFNATURAL DISASTERSGujarat has been struck by natural disasters frequently inthe recent past. These disasters have impacted industriesconsiderably.• The Kandla cyclone of 1998 affected oil terminals,jetties, transportation facilities, factories,buildings, warehouses, storage tanks, timberindustry and, most important, the salt industry.• There have been reports of chemical spill inKandla port in the wake of January 26 earthquakein 2001.• Oil production also suffered since the HindustanPetroleum shifted its operations from Vizag toKandla after the event of fire.The impact of these natural disasters could trigger aserious chemical accident in Gujarat, particularly in theport-based industries in coastal area that are vulnerableto earthquakes, tsunamis and flooding. Therefore,it is important to consider resilience against naturaldisasters while locating and designing the new chemicalindustry. For existing chemical industries, a retrofittingof infrastructure to remain safe in case of earthquakesand flooding should be prioritized by the industry. Thereare two considerations in case of a combination of naturaland chemical disasters.First, the causation of chemical emergency as a resultof natural disasters depends on two factors: (a) whatis released? Where? and how much? and (b) under whatenvironmental/climate conditions? Toxic leaks caused byheavy winds have lesser of an impact because the weatherhelps in faster dissipation of the toxic cloud. Fire sparkedby lightning in flammable liquid storage can be made worseby high levels of oxygen in the heavy winds, but this ispossible only if flammable matter is available for ignitionby lightening. In case of floods, both above ground andbelow ground tanks containing chemicals less dense thanwater tend to float. Even the tanks with denser chemicalscan get caught in strong water currents that tear themfrom moorings. In flooding, chemical leaks in waterbodies can cause significant environmental pollution. Incase of heavy rains combined with toxic leaks, the rainsmay in fact be beneficial for chemicals such as Chlorineand Ammonia but it may produce problems with run offs.Second, a serious concern is the extraordinary resourcedemands and limitations of responders, equipment,water, and others materials that will be needed torespond to a chemical emergency during a natural hazardevent. Large-scale natural disasters can degrade ordestroy the very infrastructure needed to respond tothe chemical emergency. Earthquakes or Tsunamis mayalso initiate chemical events but the challenge will bethe competing priorities for resources for these differenttypes of emergencies.18 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

2HAZARD ANALYSIS AND VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENTFigure 7 depicts the location of MAH, Type A and TypeB industries in Gujarat. It suggests that Ahmedabad,Bharuch, Vadodara, Valsad, Surat, and Kutch face morechemical hazards than the other districts. These districtsexcept Kutch are situated along a north-south alignment,and it is therefore prudent to develop local and regionalresponse capabilities in this geographical region as apriority before other regions.2.2.2 WORST CASE SCENARIO ASSESSMENTA separate Vulnerability Assessment report includes“Directory of Hazard Identification by Industry” thatdescribes, by district, the chemical industries in alphabeticalorder, their type (MAH, A or B), address, latitude-longitude,the chemicals in each industry, maximum unit storagequantity of the chemical, whether chemical has offsiteconsequence and hence modelled in ALOHA or not, andtype of hazard possible for the chemical. The report is ofthousands of pages and thus not included as appendix tothis CDMP.The detailed section of above report provides a detailedassessment for each chemical for each MAH, Type A andType B industry for which we have data and where aconsequence scenario is possible. We have estimatedvulnerability of population, forests, water bodies,electrical installations, police stations, fire stations, andmedical facilities. Based on this vulnerability assessment,in Table 5 we list chemicals in the state with possibleconsequence. Overall, we could identify over 350 uniquechemicals in Gujarat. Of these, 114 have a consequencescenario that may have offsite consequence resulting inat least 10 deaths and may be assumed to require statelevelresponse support. Of these 114, 102 pose hazardof BLEVE, 44 pose hazard of VCE or Fire, and 96 posetoxic hazard. Vulnerability assessment of pipelines ortransportation corridors was not included in the scopeof work because for planning purposes vulnerabilityassessment of only MAH units for worst case scenario willprepare the state for any type of chemical emergency.However, ALOHA and CAMEO suit can be readily usedfor vulnerability assessment of pipelines or any othersource of hazard.Figure 8, 9, 10, 11 delineate vulnerable areas for toxic,vapour cloud explosion, flash fire and BLEVE hazards inGujarat. The scale of the map makes it hard to know theexact areas affected but a separate vulnerability atlasprovides more detailed information.Figure 7. Location of MAH, Type A and Type B industries in Gujarat20 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

2HAZARD ANALYSIS AND VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENTTable 4.Number of MAH, Type A and Type B Factories by District and by Type of Hazard PosedDISTRICTA B MAH A + B + MAHFire Toxic Total Fire Toxic Total Fire Toxic Total Fire Toxic TotalAhmedabad 127 165 165 89 93 93 19 29 29 235 287 287Amreli 1 1 1 0 2 2 2 3 3 3Anand 4 4 4 10 10 10 3 6 6 17 20 20Banaskantha 51 51 51 2 2 2 0 53 53 53Bharuch 44 73 73 162 165 165 42 75 75 248 313 313Bhavnagar 2 3 3 2 2 2 5 5 5 9 10 10Gandhinagar 48 58 58 25 25 25 8 11 11 81 94 94Godhra 12 13 13 9 9 9 6 8 8 27 30 30Jamnagar 3 6 6 16 18 18 8 8 8 27 32 32Junagadh 37 37 37 5 5 5 1 3 3 43 45 45Kutch 3 3 3 1 1 1 34 35 35 38 39 39Mehsana 39 40 40 18 18 18 3 6 6 60 64 64Nadiad 10 11 11 6 6 6 4 4 4 20 21 21Navsari 17 20 20 1 4 4 2 2 2 20 26 26Patan 5 5 5 4 4 4 0 9 9 9Porbandar 6 6 6 0 1 1 1 7 7 7Rajkot 20 39 39 8 8 8 8 8 8 36 55 55Sabarkantha 17 17 17 9 9 9 7 7 7 33 33 33Surat 95 101 101 28 38 38 25 26 26 148 165 165Surendranagar 13 15 15 6 6 6 0 19 21 21Tapi 5 5 5 0 0 5 5 5Vadodara 58 75 75 99 121 121 43 65 65 200 261 261Valsad 51 88 88 16 19 19 22 30 30 89 137 137All State 668 836 836 516 563 563 243 331 331 1427 1730 1730Table 5. Identification of Chemicals, their Maximum Storage, and Possible Consequence as per Vulnerability AssessmentCHEMICAL NAME MAX UNIT QTY (MT) TOXIC VCE BLEVE1,1-dichloroethane 3223.8 1 1 11,3-butadiene 1371.5 1 1 11-butene 1000 0 1 11-hexene 868.2 1 1 11-octene 1573 1 1 12-ethylhexyl acrylate 1021.7 1 0 1Acetic acid, glacial 8505 1 0 1Acetone 1867.1 1 1 1Acetonitrile 0.2 1 1 1Ammonia 20000 1 0 1Benzaldehyde 62.4 1 0 1Benzyl chloride 0.2 0 0 1continued to page 22...GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 21

2HAZARD ANALYSIS AND VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT...continued from page 21CHEMICAL NAME MAX UNIT QTY (MT) TOXIC VCE BLEVEButane 9183.5 1 1 1Butyl acrylate 3000 1 0 1Chlorine 0.9 1 0 0Chlorobenzene 11655 1 0 1Chlorosulfonic acid 200 1 0 0Cyclohexane 1374.9 1 1 1Cyclohexanone 9075.2 1 0 1Dichloromethane 2378.3 1 1 1Dimethyl sulphate 25 1 0 1Dimethylamine 0.2 1 1 1Dipropylene glycol methyl ether 0.2 0 0 1Ethanolamine 200 1 0 1Ethyl acrylate 0.2 1 0 1Ethyl mercaptan 3.7 0 0 1Ethylene chlorohydrin 1 0 0 1Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether 1936.4 1 0 1Ethylene glycol monomethyl0.3 1 0 1etherEthylenediamine 0.2 1 0 1Hexylamine 1 0 0 1Hydrogen chloride 170 1 0 0Hydrogen fluoride 50 1 0 0Isobutanol 1887.2 1 0 1Isobutylene 75 1 1 1Methanol 11911 1 0 1Methyl benzoate 1443.2 1 0 1Methyl isobutyl ketone 16 1 1 1Methyl tert-butyl ether 26 1 1 1Monopropylamine 18 1 1 1N,n-dimethylaniline 0.2 1 0 1N-aminoethylpiperazine 738 1 0 1N-heptane 90718.5 1 1 1Nitric acid, anhydrous 80 1 0 0N-nonane 35.9 1 0 1N-pentane 4779.2 1 1 1O-dichlorobenzene 20 0 0 1O-xylene 4234.6 1 0 1Phosphorus oxychloride 52.5 1 0 0Propyl mercaptan 32 1 1 1Propylene oxide 2490 0 0 1Styrene monomer 5870.9 1 0 1Sulfur trioxide 200 1 0 0Tetrahydrofuran 22.2 1 1 1Toluene 11438.7 1 1 1continued to page 23...22 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

2HAZARD ANALYSIS AND VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT...continued from page 22CHEMICAL NAME MAX UNIT QTY (MT) TOXIC VCE BLEVEToluidine 0.2 1 0 1Vinyl acetate 2854.3 1 1 11-bromopropane 0.3 0 0 11-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane 17 1 0 11-nonene 967.2 1 0 12-ethyl hexanol 1166.2 0 0 1Acetaldehyde 1035.9 1 1 1Acetic anhydride 43.2 1 0 1Acetone cyanohydrin 689.7 1 0 1Acrylonitrile 7000 1 1 1Aniline 20.4 0 0 1Benzene 37464.2 1 1 1Bromine 93.1 1 0 0Butyl acetate 44 1 0 1Carbon bisulfide 487.6 1 1 1Chloroacetyl chloride 10 1 0 1Chloroform 5637.3 1 0 0Cumene 17.2 1 0 1Cyclohexanol 0.2 0 0 1Cyclohexylamine 0.2 1 0 1Diisopropylamine 0.1 1 1 1Dimethyl sulphide 16.9 1 1 1Dimethylaminopropylamine 0.2 1 0 1Ethanol 2525 1 0 1Ethyl acetate 717.6 1 1 1Ethyl butyl ether 3542.1 0 1 1Ethyl methyl ketone 11.3 1 1 1Ethylene dichloride 7062.5 1 1 11,2,4-trichlorobenzene 0.3 0 0 11-bromopropane 0.3 0 0 11-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane 17 1 0 11-nonene 967.2 1 0 12-ethyl hexanol 1166.2 0 0 1Acetaldehyde 1035.9 1 1 1Acetic anhydride 43.2 1 0 1Acetone cyanohydrin 689.7 1 0 1Acrylonitrile 7000 1 1 1Aniline 20.4 0 0 1Benzene 37464.2 1 1 1Bromine 93.1 1 0 0Butyl acetate 44 1 0 1Carbon bisulfide 487.6 1 1 1Chloroacetyl chloride 10 1 0 1Chloroform 5637.3 1 0 0continued to page 24...GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 23

2HAZARD ANALYSIS AND VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT...continued from page 23CHEMICAL NAME MAX UNIT QTY (MT) TOXIC VCE BLEVECumene 17.2 1 0 1Cyclohexanol 0.2 0 0 1Cyclohexylamine 0.2 1 0 1Diisopropylamine 0.1 1 1 1Dimethyl sulphide 16.9 1 1 1Dimethylaminopropylamine 0.2 1 0 1Ethanol 2525 1 0 1Ethyl acetate 717.6 1 1 1Ethyl butyl ether 3542.1 0 1 1Ethyl methyl ketone 11.3 1 1 1Ethylene dichloride 7062.5 1 1 1Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether 20 1 0 1Ethylene oxide 19 1 1 1Hexamethylene diisocyanate 262.5 0 0 1Hydrazine 0.2 1 0 1Hydrogen cyanide 5463 1 1 1Isoamyl alcohol 0.2 1 0 1Isobutyl acetate 218.8 1 0 1Isopropanol 1906.3 1 1 1Methyl acetate 18.6 0 1 11,2,4-trichlorobenzene 0.3 0 0 11-bromopropane 0.3 0 0 11-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane 17 1 0 11-nonene 967.2 1 0 12-ethyl hexanol 1166.2 0 0 1Acetaldehyde 1035.9 1 1 1Acetic anhydride 43.2 1 0 1Acetone cyanohydrin 689.7 1 0 1Acrylonitrile 7000 1 1 1Aniline 20.4 0 0 11,2,4-trichlorobenzene 0.3 0 0 11-bromopropane 0.3 0 0 11-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane 17 1 0 11-nonene 967.2 1 0 12-ethyl hexanol 1166.2 0 0 1Acetaldehyde 1035.9 1 1 1Acetic anhydride 43.2 1 0 1Acetone cyanohydrin 689.7 1 0 1Acrylonitrile 7000 1 1 1Aniline 20.4 0 0 1Benzene 37464.2 1 1 1Bromine 93.1 1 0 0Butyl acetate 44 1 0 1Carbon bisulfide 487.6 1 1 1continued to page 25...24 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

2HAZARD ANALYSIS AND VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT...continued from page 24CHEMICAL NAME MAX UNIT QTY (MT) TOXIC VCE BLEVEChloroacetyl chloride 10 1 0 1Chloroform 5637.3 1 0 0Cumene 17.2 1 0 1Cyclohexanol 0.2 0 0 1Cyclohexylamine 0.2 1 0 1Diisopropylamine 0.1 1 1 1Dimethyl sulphide 16.9 1 1 1Dimethylaminopropylamine 0.2 1 0 1Ethanol 2525 1 0 1Ethyl acetate 717.6 1 1 1Ethyl butyl ether 3542.1 0 1 1Ethyl methyl ketone 11.3 1 1 1Ethylene dichloride 7062.5 1 1 1Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether 20 1 0 1Ethylene oxide 19 1 1 1Hexamethylene diisocyanate 262.5 0 0 1Hydrazine 0.2 1 0 1Hydrogen cyanide 5463 1 1 1Isoamyl alcohol 0.2 1 0 1Isobutyl acetate 218.8 1 0 1Isopropanol 1906.3 1 1 1Methyl acetate 18.6 0 1 1Methyl chloride 1.5 1 0 1Methyl methacrylate monomer 1474.3 1 1 1Methylamine 0.2 1 1 1Morpholine 50 1 0 1N,n-dimethylformamide 45 1 0 1N-butyl alcohol 1258.6 1 0 1N-hexane 44682 1 1 1Nitrobenzene 72 0 0 1N-octane 43362.8 1 1 1N-propanol 929.6 1 0 1O-nitrotoluene 200 0 0 1Phosgene 0.4 1 0 0Propane 26718.5 1 1 1Propylene 1316.8 1 1 1P-xylene 15931.4 1 0 1Sulfur dioxide 204.1 1 0 0Tert-butylamine 7 1 1 1Thionyl chloride 45 1 0 0Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate 305 1 0 1Trimethylamine 16 1 1 1Vinyl chloride 1250 1 1 1Note: based on Worst Case Analysis where at least 10 people are vulnerable for fatalityGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 25

2HAZARD ANALYSIS AND VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT124°35'0"N2ABCDToxic DispersionE F G H I J K L M N O P Q RA124°35'0"NRajasthan2BC±DVCEE F G H I J K L M N O P Q RRajasthan±24°10'0"N24°10'0"N3323°45'0"N423°20'0"N522°55'0"N623°45'0"N423°20'0"N522°55'0"N6Projection: Transverse Mercator22°30'0"N22°30'0"N7722°5'0"N22°5'0"N821°40'0"N921°15'0"N10A R A B I A N S E A8MadhyaPradesh21°40'0"N921°15'0"N10A R A B I A N S E ALegendMadhyaPradeshLegend20°50'0"N1120°50'0"N11Toxic High LOCToxic Medium LOCToxic Low LOCVCE High LOCVCE Medium LOCVCE Low LOC20°25'0"N20°25'0"N1220°0'0"N1,400,0000 2,800,000 5,600,000 8,400,000Meters12Maharashtra 20°0'0"N1,400,0000 2,800,000 5,600,000 8,400,000MetersMaharashtra67°55'0"E68°20'0"E 68°45'0"E 69°10'0"E 69°35'0"E 70°0'0"E 70°25'0"E 70°50'0"E 71°15'0"E 71°40'0"E 72°5'0"E 72°30'0"E 72°55'0"E 73°20'0"E 73°45'0"E 74°10'0"E 74°35'0"E 67°55'0"E75°0'0"E68°20'0"EFigure 8. Vulnerable Areas in Gujarat for Toxic Hazards68°45'0"E69°10'0"E 69°35'0"E 70°0'0"E 70°25'0"E 70°50'0"E 71°15'0"E 71°40'0"E 72°5'0"E 72°30'0"E 72°55'0"E 73°20'0"E 73°45'0"EFigure 9. Vulnerable Areas in Gujarat for74°10'0"E74°35'0"E75°0'0"EVapour Cloud Explosion Hazards124°35'0"N2ABCDFlashfireE F G H I J K L M N O P Q RA124°35'0"NRajasthan2BC±DBLEVEE F G H I J K L M N O P Q RRajasthan±24°10'0"N24°10'0"N3323°45'0"N423°20'0"N522°55'0"N623°45'0"N423°20'0"N522°55'0"N6Projection: Transverse Mercator22°30'0"N22°30'0"N7722°5'0"N22°5'0"N821°40'0"N921°15'0"NA R A B I A N S E A8MadhyaPradesh9A R A B I A N S E A21°40'0"N21°15'0"NMadhyaPradesh1010LegendLegend20°50'0"N1120°50'0"N11Flashfire High LOCFlashfire Medium LOCFlashfire Low LOCBLEVE High LOCBLEVE Medium LOBLEVE Low LOC20°25'0"N20°25'0"N1220°0'0"N1,400,0000 2,800,000 5,600,000 8,400,000Meters12Maharashtra 20°0'0"N1,400,0000 2,800,000 5,600,000 8,400,000MetersMaharashtra67°55'0"E68°20'0"E68°45'0"E69°10'0"E69°35'0"E70°0'0"E 70°25'0"E 70°50'0"E 71°15'0"E 71°40'0"E 72°5'0"E 72°30'0"E 72°55'0"EFigure 10. Vulnerable Areas in73°20'0"E73°45'0"E74°10'0"E74°35'0"E 67°55'0"E 75°0'0"E 68°20'0"E68°45'0"E69°10'0"E69°35'0"E70°0'0"E 70°25'0"E 70°50'0"E 71°15'0"E 71°40'0"E 72°5'0"E 72°30'0"E 72°55'0"EFigure 11. Vulnerable Areas in73°20'0"E73°45'0"E74°10'0"E74°35'0"E75°0'0"EGujarat for Flash Fire HazardsGujarat for BLEVE Hazards26 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

323.1 INTRODUCTIONPREVENTION AND MITIGATIONThis chapter deals with the prevention and mitigationof the risk posed by hazardous chemical manufacturing,storage, handling, and transportation at the state level.The approach to prevention and mitigation is focusedon regulatory and planning strategies. Prevention andmitigation activities are carried out in peace time or priorto any incident and in a continuous manner.The history of prevention for industrial accidents datesback to 1881 with the enactment of the first Factories Act.The legislations have undergone many amendments thatreflect the development and growth of new technologies,processes, and hazards. However, prior to the Bhopaldisaster, the focus of chemical safety was on workerssafety. Since then, there is a greater focus on preventionof major chemical accidents to protect communities andenvironment by improving safety processes. Ministryof Home Affairs (MHA), Government of India deals withoverall disaster management related activities and NDMAis the advisory body for these activities, including thoserelated to chemical disaster management. MOEF is thenodal ministry for chemical disaster management that hasenacted MSIHC Rules, 1989 and CEAPPR Rules, 1996, whichare in line with the international best practices adoptedin a consultative process under the UNEP’s APELL project.Therefore, the current body of legislations on chemical(industrial) disasters is in line with industriallyadvanced countries. However, their improvement andimplementation has not kept pace with changes in thechemical industry. Statutes need updating and theirenforcement must be strengthened based on the currenthazard scenario in the state.In this chapter, we summarize the key recommendationprovided in the interim module reports. Particularlyrelevant interim reports are: (a) Capability and GapAnalysis; (b) Performance Improvement of DISH, PESOand CEI; and (c) Strengthening of response mechanism.The recommendations provided herein are medium tolong-term in nature whereas the recommendations givenin Chapter 4 on preparedness are of immediate natureconsidering they are directly linked with the responsecapability of the state.Next, we present the hierarchy of concepts in reducing therisks of chemical disasters, which is an important guideto prioritising the activities required to operationalizethis plan.3.2 HIERARCHY OF CONCEPTS FOR REDUCINGRISKSBelow is a hierarchy of concepts that when implementedcorrectly will significantly reduce the risk of a chemicalaccident by seeking to prioritize those efforts thateliminate risk directly at the source. Used collectivelythese concepts address risk both from the probability andconsequence of incidents. All concepts can be implementedsimultaneously or independently but effective riskmanagement would require that the concepts higher inthe list be pursued at every opportunity. The followinghierarchy can thus provide a guide for the prioritizationof activities.1. Eliminate use of toxics and replace them with aless or non-toxic alternative at each source.2. Reduce use of toxics through minimizing use and/or storage volumes.3. Implement risk management programs designedto minimize opportunities for releases to occur,and mitigate any release that does occur atthe source with fail (passive) safe systems, andinstall secondary active mitigation systems (likewater curtains), flairs, vent stacks, etc.4. Implement land-use restrictions to provideminimum safe distances from sources to publicand sensitive receptors. This is especially criticalfor a zone where even a rapid and qualifiedresponse may not be able to save lives. ( detailedin State CDMP)5. Plan for both or a combination of sheltering inplace and evacuation programs where they arecomplimentary. A “key-hole” sheltering conceptis ideal and is such that the population withina plume shelter and adjacent populations areGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 27

3PREVENTION AND MITIGATIONevacuated. Both concepts require public warningsystems that initiate the community actionimmediately and are either automatic or initiatedby the releasing facility through a formal system.6. Maintain basic emergency capability to respond toeveryday emergencies such as fire and medical. Astrong emergency response (fire, police, medical)is essential building block to build chemicalemergency response capability. Maintain a rapid(timely) and qualified (well trained and equipped)chemical emergency response capacity to controland reduce the quantity of hazardous chemicalleaked and duration of such leak. This requiresan extremely effective trigger mechanism for animmediate response.7. Establish plans, develop public warning systems,and conduct public outreach and training onevacuation and shelter in place. The publicneeds to be trained on what actions are expectedof them based on the warning systems. Withouttraining the public, neither sheltering-in-placenor evacuations will be effective.3.3 STRENGTHENING OF LEGAL FRAMEWORKThe Capability Assessment and Gap Analysis reportdiscussed the existing legal and institutional framework inthe State. Based on the review and discussions with thestakeholders through personal interviews and workshops,the consultants have identified major recommendationsto improve prevention and mitigation of chemicalemergencies by bridging the legal gaps.3.3.1 NATIONAL LEVEL RECOMMENDATIONS BYNDMA EXPERT GROUPNDMA expert group on chemical disasters has madeseveral recommendations to the group of empoweredministers for further review and action at the nationallevel. Below, we summarize relevant recommendationsthat may help strengthen prevention at the state level.1. Responsibility for enforcement of safetyprovisions for isolated storages should be withCIFs: In schedule 5 of MSIHC rules, the powerfor enforcement of these rules applicable tothe isolated storages has been given to CPCB /SPCB. It has been observed at the ground levelthat CPCB and SPCB’s are mostly devoting theirfull time in enforcing various provisions underthe environmental legislations such as the WaterAct, Air Act, EP Act and rules framed thereunder.Amendments are suggested in schedule5 of the MSIHC rules to assign responsibility forenforcement in the mentioned isolated storagesto CIF’s in place of CPCB/ SPCB’s. This is a keygap in existing enforcement of MSIHC rules andshould be addressed on priority basis.2. Enforcement of MSIHC rules in intermediate,minor and private ports (Other ports) thatdo not fall under the category of majorports: Under the dock workers (safety, healthand welfare) act, 1986, state government isthe appropriate authority for “other ports.”However, the Gujarat state government hasnot provided rules covering “other ports;” andtherefore has not designated any enforcementauthority. In Gujarat, the rules under the dockworkers (safety, health and welfare) act, 1986have already been sent to the legal departmentby the labour & employment department, but thematter is not yet resolved. Considering this is amajor legal gap in legal enforcement, the abovematter should be resolved on priority basis.3. Worst Case Scenario for risk assessment: Addrule 4 (a) under the MSIHC Rules as follows: 4(a) Basis of risk assessment by MAH installation,“ Worst Case scenario” shall be used as thebasis for risk assessment, selection of processtechnology, and designing of safety systemsmeasures and procedures including emergencyresponses capabilities by MAH installations. Thiswill also be described in the safety and safetyaudit report prepared by MAH installations asper Rule 10. Definition of “Worst case scenario”would be given by adding Rule 2(O) in the rules.4. Inventory corresponding to containmentprovision: Add rule 4 (b) under MSIHC Rulesrequiring an occupier maintain an inventory28 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

3PREVENTION AND MITIGATIONof “extremely toxic” and “highly toxicchemicals” corresponding to the capacity of thecontainment system (neutralization, destruction,absorption etc.).5. Extension of applicability of rules regardingsafety reports and safety audit reports to allMAH installations: The provision of rules 10-12of MSIHC Rules are applicable to certain MAHinstallations that have the threshold quantitiesof identified hazardous chemicals, as given incolumn 4 of schedule 2 and schedule 3. It issuggested that the provision of rules 10-12 asexplained above be made applicable to all MAHinstallations handling the hazardous chemicalslisted in column 2 of schedule 2 and schedule3 and for threshold quantities given column3 schedule 2 & 3. Accordingly, column 4 fromschedule 2 and schedule 3 be deleted and rules10-12 be added in the title of column 3 in boththe schedules.Additionally, the consultants wish to add thatonsite plans are prepared for MAH units as perMSIHC rules. The offsite plans are based on theonsite plan of only MAH units. While considerationof only MAH units is adequate for planningpurposes, for coordinated response it is necessarythat even smaller units have assessed theiroffsite risks as well as prepared an emergencyresponse plan that can help responders. Giventhat MSIHC rules are incorporated in GujaratFactories Rule, legal provisions to extend therequirement for onsite and offsite plans andsafety reports to all chemical industries exist.Under section 68(o) of Gujarat Factories Rules,a third party safety audit can also be required.Therefore, we recommend that onsite plan andsafety audit requirement be extended fromonly MAH to MAH, Type A and Type B industrieswhere for smaller and less hazardous industriesthe state government may consider easiercompliance requirements.6. Public liability Insurance Act, 1991 and rulesmade there under: Under Section 3, there is aliability on the person who owns or has controlover handling any hazardous substance to giverelief as prescribed in the schedule for injuryto any person (other than a workman) anddamage to any property from an accident. Theconsultants suggest the schedule in the PLI act isamended and the amounts prescribed therein aresubstantially enhanced to meet the present dayrequirements of interim relief.List of chemicals with quantities for applicationof Public Liability Insurance Act is given in theTable (part 1 &2) of Appendix 1 of the Act. Part2 of Table 8 given in Appendix 1 of the PLI act issuggested to be amended to bring it in line withthe latest list given in Part – 2 of Schedule 3 ofMSIHC rules.7. Multiplicity of regulations for hazardouschemicals: Many occupiers of MAH units haveexpressed concern during meetings at differentforums on the existing multiplicity/overlappingof the regulations for control and management ofhazardous chemical that they handle. Inter andintra ministry in-depth review is required by theconcerned ministries for simplification/removalof the overlapping provisions in the rules undervarious acts given in the proceeding column.8. Fixing absolute liability on “occupier”,(reference Supreme Court judgment of17/2/1986 in oleum gas leak case): The SupremeCourt observed that the measure of compensationbe related to the magnitude and capacity of theenterprise because such compensation must havea deterrent effect. Presently, there is no specificlegislation placing responsibility on the occupierof Major MAH installation (Factory and / Isolatedstorage) for payment of compensation to thevictims of a major chemical accidents/ disaster,both onsite and offsite. A separate enactment isrequired to make it mandatory that the enterprisewill have absolute liability for compensatingvictims of a hazardous chemical accident. Theproposed enactment would prescribe the criteriafor determining the liability as per the payingGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 29

3PREVENTION AND MITIGATIONcapacity of the enterprise and also for theamount of compensation to be paid to the victim.As per the Supreme Court judgment, there is anon-delegable responsibility on the enterprise.9. Land use policy for buffer zone around MAHinstallations (Handling/ storing extremely/highly toxic chemicals):Under the CPCBguidelines and also under industrial policy theseinstallations are permitted to be set up only 25Kilometres away from major population hubs (5lacs) in case of environmental guidelines and(10 lacs) in case of industrial policy guidelines.It is necessary to have in place a mandatorymechanism by which the concerned authorities areable to regulate the development of populationsettlements in the proximity of theinstallations.A “no-population buffer zone” of 500 metersaround the perimeter of the MAH installations isto be set up for future installations. There shouldbe a specific provision in the central legislationon land use planning requiring the concernedauthorities in the (centre or state as the casemay be ) to maintain a no population bufferzone of approximately a 500 meter width aroundthe perimeter of an MAH installation as definedunder schedule 2(a) of the MSIHC rules 1989.After the provision suggested above is made inthe land use planning legislation, the necessaryamendment shall be made in the MSIHC rules,1989 and the “environmental impact assessmentnotification 2006” to give necessary effect forimplementation.3.3.2 STATE LEVEL UPDATES TO THE LEGALFRAMEWORKThe following recommendations for strengthening thelegal and institutional framework for chemical disastermanagement are not yet being considered at state ornational levels and are an area of improvement.1. Harmonisation of state acts and ruleswith respect to DM Act, 2005 for effectivedovetailing of frameworks under MSIHC Rulesand NDMA guidelines: DM Act 2005 and NDMAguidelines on Chemical Disaster and the MSIHCRules propose two mechanisms for planning andresponse with significant overlap. For effectivecoordination, we recommend that the GSDMACEO be made a member of SCG. Reciprocating,the chairman of SCG (Chief Secretary) is alreadya member of GSDMA ex officio. Additionally, themember secretary of SCG (Secretary, Labourand Employment) may also be made a memberof GSDMA. At district level, the DPO should bethe part of DCG and support member secretaryof DCG (DISH). District collector is chairpersonof both DCG and DDMA so coordination at districtlevel can be easily achieved.2. Emergency Management Plans for hazardouswaste management facilities: Sufficient numberof Transport, Storage, and Disposal Facilities(TSDF) for hazardous wastes is a critical needto protect the environment. However, theseTSDF facilities pose a hazard to population andenvironment. These facilities are not identifiedas MAH factories under the MSIHC rule, so theycurrently are not mandated to prepare onsiteplan and safety reports. However, as MSIHC rulesare notified under the Gujarat Factories rules,DISH may require TSDF facilities (as they canbe defined as factories under the Factories Act)to submit annual safety report, conduct safetyaudit and prepare an onsite plan. GPCB may alsoframe such rules. Additionally, rules are requiredfor disposal of hazardous waste generated aftera disaster, site remediation, protection andremediation of other environmental assets.3. Framing of State rules and regulation tobridge legal gaps: Enactments of new act andamendments of the existing acts at a centrallevel is a time consuming, laborious process.Meanwhile framing of State rules and regulationswherever permitted by central acts should behelpful to legally support disaster managementplan recommendations. GSDM Act 2003 permitsformation of rules by the State for any activitiesrelated to disaster management. Such rules30 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

3PREVENTION AND MITIGATIONmay bridge existing legal gaps identified inthis report.However, a more serious gap is not enactmentof new rules or regulations but enforcement ofexisting rules. Therefore, care must be takennot to create new rules that are orthogonal toor confound interpretation of existing rules,or create parallel structures and compliancerequirements that could be addressed underexisting rules under other Acts. However, rulesthat can increase coordination between differentagencies, set standards for “qualified” responsecapacity, and ensure an effective triggermechanism can be helpful.4. Converting Guidelines into Rules andRegulations: The consultant teams haverecommended guidelines for responder safety,quantitative criteria for immediate notificationof emergency, and IRS that can be formed ona more immediate basis. Depending on theexperience with these guidelines and learningfrom implementing them, formal rules can bedeveloped at a later stage. Rules developed insuch a manner will not only be more practicaland applicable in the context of Gujarat butwill also face lower resistance from industryand agencies who have experience withthe guidelines.3.4 STRENGTHENING OF ENFORCEMENTAGENCIESThe key agency responsible for industrial safety is DISH.DISH is also given responsibility under MSIHC rules foronsite plans of MAH installations. DISH officers also serveas members or member secretary of SCG, DCG, and LCGand thus are entrusted with the responsibility to prepareoffsite plans. In addition to DISH, PESO is responsiblefor storages and transport of certain chemicals andpressure vessels. They are also members of DCG. TheChief Electrical inspector (CEI) is not assigned any specificrole in MSIHC Rules with respect to preparation of onsiteand offsite plans. However, electricity is cited as a primecause (short circuit, failure, etc.) of most fires so that thedepartment may indeed play a crucial role in preventionof electrical accidents that lead to chemical emergencies.Other agencies such as GPCB, Department of Transport,GIDC, and others also play a role in prevention andresponse to chemical disasters. As per the statement ofwork of the consultants, performance assessment of DISH,PESO and CEI office were done as case studies to identifyunifying themes for performance improvement, as wellas opportunities for operational synergy between thesethree organizations. The recommendations providedherein are generalized so that they may apply to otherregulatory and technical agencies, as well.Strengthening regulatory and technical agencies is a greatchallenge because over time the roles and responsibilitiesand the requirements for enforcement on these agencieshave increased significantly without correspondingimprovement in the capacity. Strengthening regulatoryand technical agencies cannot be achieved merelyby adding more man power,but by re-organizing theagencies (within and together) on strategic lines,developing inspection and enforcement strategies in apublic-private partnership framework, using informationtechnology to develop transparent and effective systems,and continuously developing the knowledge and skillsof agency staff. The following recommendations arebased on international model approaches and ILOrecommendations.3.4.1 STRATEGIC RE-ORGANIZATION OF THEAGENCIESOrganizational structure plays a vital role in effectivenessand efficiency of any organization. Usually organizationalstructure on the basis of subject or function at thetop level, and by geographic reach at the field level ismost suitable for regulatory agencies. Aligning by thecore function allows each division to develop plansand goals specific to the division, develop specializedcapacity in the subject matter, and better monitorstaff performance. For example, the state-level headoffice of the regulatory agency can have a specialistchemical emergency planning cell that will be helpful inpreparing guidelines and procedures for the inspection,GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 31

3PREVENTION AND MITIGATIONenforcement, and legal compliance by the industry,andserve as a key knowledge resource in planning for andresponding to chemical emergencies. This cell can advisethe training courses for its staff on chemical emergencymanagement and monitor the training effectiveness. Thiscell can even itself conduct internal training of regionaland field staff on special chemical emergencies relatedtopics not covered in a formal training institute.3.4.2 PROGRAMMATIC APPROACHES FORCOMPLIANCEEstablishing a programme to meet the end objectiveof a regulation has proven to be an effective model.Programme mode approach to safety promotion bringstogether regulators and industries on a common platformto seek mutually agreeable solutions. This approachseeks to improve efficiencies by removing redundanciesin overlapping regulations by different regulators, tocombine resources of regulators, to build consensus withindustries, to partner with industry for funding, technologyand knowledge, and to develop guidelines and systems forease of compliance under the programme. Programmemode also takes a holistic approach from sensitizationto education and capacity building to compliance toevaluation of the compliance. Such an approach yieldsricher dividend in compliance by the industry thaninspection or command and control approaches.For example, we recommend the establishment of aToxic Risk Reduction Programme. The programme canbe established by the state and national level agenciessuch as DISH, GPCB, GIDC, DoT, PESO and others such thatit is well informed and supported by the industry. Theprogramme should be tailored to identify priority toxicchemicals in fixed industrial installations, as well as onroad, and utilize the full range of available tools to reducethe probability or consequences of an accidental chemicalrelease. The industry should be a partner in identifyingcomprehensive, yet flexible set of tools. The programmeshould be well supported by e-governance systemsand have appropriate level of marketing and outreachcomponent. The programme can even seek internationalcollaboration with agencies such as USEPA and OSHA fortechnical partnerships. Dedicated staff from regulatoryagencies can be assigned to this programme so they candevelop domain expertise over time. Some examples oftools the programme can seek to develop are:• Replace more toxic chemicals with less toxicchemicals• Reduce chemical volume in storage andtransportation• Eliminate potential public exposure with landuseplanning and restrictions and route planningand infrastructure enhancements• Install fail-safe process controls and inherentlysafe system design approaches• Develop and implement good practices forequipment maintenance and management of(staff) change.3.4.3 USE OF THIRD PARTY PROFESSIONALS TOSTRENGTHEN ENFORCEMENTAll regulatory agencies are certainly facing a manpowercrunch given the significant increase in the scale andscope of the responsibilities entrusted upon them. Oneeffective approach to bridge this gap is engaging thirdparty professionals/competent persons to carry out usualinspections, report filing, checking, collection of fees,scrutiny of applications, checking of onsite plans, andseveral such routine tasks. A necessary pre-conditionis that such competent persons (a) are selected after arigorous selection, training, and certification process;(b) undergo continuous training to upgrade skills andknowledge; (c) demonstrate no conflict of interestin discharging their role; and (d) are subject to acredible audit system to make them accountable. Also,development of a third party system needs effort to assessand build capacity of private sector to provide such manpower. With third party system, the regulatory agenciescan better concentrate to serve as a knowledge resourceagency that develops specific knowledge and guidelinesto help industry and third party professionals, conductrigorous accident investigations, monitor activities ofthird party professionals, and other core functions.Additionally, regulatory agencies can develop a commonthird party system to bring in efficiency through economyof scale. For example, a common set of industries need32 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

3PREVENTION AND MITIGATIONto be inspected annually by PESO, CEI and DISH. Thus,these three agencies can develop a common inspectionguideline by third party professionals.3.4.4 SIGNIFICANT RELIANCE ON E-GOVERNANCEE-governance systems help in many types of functionalityand services by the agencies such as government tobusinesses, government to government, Government topublic, and other. While PESO is a notable exception toeffective use of e-governance, other organizations canbenefit immensely by establishing e-governance systemon priority basis. Most of the legal compliance relatedactivities can be automated. E-governance can alsomake organizations more transparent and accountable.Some examples of e-governance systems that can help inchemical disaster management cycle are given below.1. Hazard and vulnerability profiles of areas:Systematically assess the potential for chemicalhazards by different regions and make availableto general public for review. This system cantrack how the risk levels have increased ordecreased over time in different areas.2. Information on compliance by industry: Allregulatory agencies can publish not only asummary but also individual, industry-specificinformation on compliance, inspection notes,notices, etc. to the extent the privacy of theindustry is not compromised. List of defaultingindustries for non-compliance can also bedisplayed to the public and media.3. The inspection reports, accident investigations,and audit reports may be analysed to generateactionable and usable information for LCG,DCG and SCG in disaster planning and responsefunctions. Statistics on industrial accidents,offsite emergencies, and chemical emergenciesin non-industrial settings can also be maintainedon the website.4. GIS database based software should be used forstoring disaster management related information,planning, and support during response. Wehave recommended CAMEO suit to be adoptedfor hazard identification, accident information,facility information, disaster scenarios,vulnerability assessment, and GIS based display ofthreat zones for a given scenario. It is importantthat the use of this system is standardized acrossindustries and regulatory agencies.5. Considering the lack of information and theuncertainty of chemical transport are majorconcerns in road transportation, a web-basedsystem can be developed to log in informationof the vehicle, driver, and chemical beingtransported by the consignor. The consigneecan report receipt of such chemical cargo in thesystem, as well. The system can also print afresh TREMCARD to be carried in the tanker withall relevant information including the date. Sucha system can effectively deal with the problemsof dated/old TREMCARDS, multiple TREMCARDS,and uncertain information about the chemical.6. Several other recommendations are provided inthe reports on GIS based system and performanceimprovement.3.4.5 DEVELOPMENT OF INSPECTION MANUALSRegulatory agencies should update inspection manualsand conduct regular training of their staff and third partyprofessionals on these. These manuals must detail theprocedure of inspection, industry specific guidelines,standard templates, and check lists for inspections, andSOPs for action after inspection. They should developa system of maintaining inspection records on a webplatformand sending reminders / notices to industry forcompliance (e-governance).3.4.6 SYSTEM FOR ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION,REPORTING AND FOLLOW-UPAccident investigation and reporting systems are ofimmense help in planning for and responding to disasters.As per MSIHC rules, offsite emergencies should be reportedwithin 48 hours and a detailed follow up report shouldbe submitted within 90 days. Such reports should beinvestigated by DISH, PESO or GPCB as the case may be,and “lessons” for future references should be developed.This entire documentation should be available on theweb. Learning from accidents, even the small ones, isGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 33

3PREVENTION AND MITIGATIONcritical and not only major ones such as Jaipur fire.MOEF has developed Chemical Accident InvestigationReporting System (CAIRS). It is a Web Based Systemwhere concerned authorities as mentioned in schedule5 of MSHIC Rule 1989 can register chemical accidentinformation in the pre-set formats. While this system canbe much improved, the use of CAIRS is very limited to saythe least. Gujarat State can either use CAIRS or developown system that is more user friendly and relevantto the needs of the state. Most importantly, the stateshould investigate all reported accidents, and learn fromeach incident.CAIRS is available at http://cairs.nic.in/In India, at least major accidents reported in media orresulting in deaths are investigated to some extent, andhigher the damage more in-depth is the investigation.What does not happen often is the implementation of therecommendation post such investigations. Without that,there is not much benefit of investigating an accident.This CDMP wishes to highlight a case of IOCL fire at Jaipurin 2009 as a case study. Jaipur Fire Accident took place on29th October 2009 at IOCL terminal. The Petroleum andNatural Gas ministry constituted an independent enquirycommittee under the chairmanship of Shri M.B. Lal toinvestigate into the causes of fire and to suggest remedialmeasures to prevent recurrence of such incidents infuture. The Committee gave 113 recommendations whichwere accepted in April 2010 for implementation at existinglocations of all oil marketing companies at a specifiedtime frame. However, in spite of such high level oversightby the ministry, the standing committee on petroleum andnatural gas of the Parliament found that only 56% of therecommendations were implemented by March 2012. Acomment by the parliamentary joint committee summarisesaptly the challenge of implementing recommendationsrelated to prevention on ground “…found that therecommendations especially pertaining to procurementand installation of important safety equipments are stillpending. This reflects poorly on the managements ofOMCs and their planning and implementation abilities.The Committee strongly deprecate the dilatory tacticsof the OMCs and inefficient supervision of the Ministryresulting in inexplicable delays in the implementation ofsafety standards…”We recommend that the state government should causeDISH, PESO and regulatory bodies to review the status ofimplementation of the important recommendations givenin the investigation reports of major accidents happenedin the past. This review can be done as a part of regularSCG meetings recommended in this CDMP.3.5 DISASTER RISK REDUCTION THROUGHLAND USE PLANNINGAs per the NDMA recommendations, it is necessary to havein place a mandatory mechanism by which the concernedauthorities are able to regulate the development ofpopulation settlements in the proximity of the installations.A “no-population buffer zone” of 500 meters around theperimeter of the MAH installations is to be set up for futureinstallations.The consultants wish to further note that the time toprovide effective response to chemical emergenciesis a key determination for buffer zone dimensions.For example, even with rapid and qualified response,population within a certain zone cannot be protected.On other hand, without a qualified response, a bufferzone of 500 meter may not be adequate. Therefore, theland use planning and permissions for new infrastructuredevelopment should consider existing hazards andvulnerability to them.We recommend that the DCG and LCG be given a rolein approval of new developments in the area on basis ofvulnerability assessment. Additionally the environmentdepartment and GPCB may consider chemical vulnerabilityassessment as a part of chapter on disaster managementin the environmental impact assessment report as a keydecision factor to permit new industry.3.6 PROMOTION OF PREVENTIONPROGRAMMES IN INDUSTRYNumerous prevention programmes and tools can also beemployed by hazardous chemical industries to educateworkers and reduce risk by effectively managing allprocesses involving the presence of hazardous chemicals.Some example prevention tools are listed below:34 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

3PREVENTION AND MITIGATION• Conduct safety review before starting• Establish employee participation and accessto process safety analysis and managementprogrammes• Prepare written safety procedures and work aidsfor employees and contractors• Conduct worker and contractor safety training• Conduct daily safety briefings for employees andcontractors• Identify process best practices and develop aplan to implement changes• Ensure on-going integrity of equipment andimplement maintenance management• Conduct compliance audits• Conduct incident investigations to identify andaddress root causes of releases• Identify expected equipment lifecycle;schedule and budget to replace orupgrade equipment• MSDS sheets and Do and Don’ts• Provide help in terms of technical and otherresources for emergency response planning andtraining with local responders, district disastermanagement authorities, the LCG or DCG, andthe public.3.7 COORDINATION BETWEENENFORCEMENT AGENCIESThere are several key regulatory and technical agenciesthat play a role in prevention and mitigation of chemicalemergencies. However, a common platform for effectivecoordination amongst them does not exist. Therefore,a key role for GSDMA will be to improve coordinationbetween DGFASLI, Airport Authority, Western Railways,PNGRB, GMB, PESO, CEI, DISH, GPCB, DOT, and others tomeet the common objective of reduced risk of chemicalaccidents. The main mechanism to achieve improvedcoordination between these agencies is provided forunder MSIHC rules by constituting SCG, DCG, and LCG.GSDMA needs to play a significant role in ensuring thismechanism functions in the true spirit of the law. Someexamples of the activities are as follows:• All regulatory and technical agencies may beinvited by GSDMA individually or as a group topresent to GSDMA about their roles in DM as pertheir own assessment,and status of preventionefforts, and the preparedness measures by theindustry they regulate. The meeting of SCG shouldalso be regularly –4 times in a year as required byCAEPPR Rules – convened where these agenciescan be requested to make a presentation andengage in discussions to improve the disasterplanning and response mechanism in the state.• DCG and LCG offsite plans should be developedby the DCG/LCG as a group and not by DISH“alone”.The plans are meant to be developed ina participative manner by the entire group whereDISH plays the coordination role of the membersecretary. SCG should provide the budget andthe framework for other members of DCG/LCG toparticipate in preparation or updating of offsiteplans / DMPs, and regularly review and updatethem, as necessary.• Recommendations in Section 3.4 can improvecoordination among regulatory agencies.• Table top exercises, functional drills, and fullscale mock drill are multi agency tasks and needcoordination. GSDMA can support these activitiesin terms of funding and technical support.• As recommended in the Bharuch DCG meeting,GSDMA may help in publishing a quarterly/yearlymagazine on hazardous chemical incidents,accident report findings, new technologies, andother chemical emergency related information.The industries can significantly contribute interms of content, recommendations for improvingexisting systems by interpreting the lessons fromaccident investigation, and in sharing publishingcosts. This magazine will be a valuable resourcefor regulatory agencies, response agencies, linedepartments, and the industries alike.• The Person Action Communication (PAC) sheetis a good tool to establish clarity of roles andGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 35

3PREVENTION AND MITIGATIONco-ordination among the various respondersduring an emergency. The PAC sheets for samplescenarios have been provided in Appendix Cand Appendix D. The details of PAC analysis areavailable in the MoEF offsite plan guidelines2010. The PAC analysis of different emergencyscenarios can be one of the agenda items of DCGmeets and subsequently these sheets could beannexed to the plan for records. It should beclarified that PAC sheets are prepared by DCGmembers in discussion and not to be outsourcedto an external consultant.3.8 TRAINING AND CAPACITY BUILDINGRegulatory agencies must maintain and upgradetheirknowledge and skills continuously to keep in linewith best international practices and emerging newtechnologies, processes, and hazards. The regulatory andenforcement agencies need specialized, focused trainingof fresh recruits and continuing education for otherstaff. The training material, examination pattern, andcertification requirements can all be developed internally,or in collaboration with other agencies and traininginstitutes with similar purpose. Capacity building effortsshould include regular internal and external seminars andworkshops. There should be an on-going arrangement fortraining and capacity building in-house as well as at otherinstitutes at state, national, and international levelswith adequate funding. For example, GIDM may providetraining of trainers from regulatory agencies, responseagencies and industries in specialized chemical disastermanagement topics.Also, the regulatory agencies are responsible for buildingthe capacity of the industry they regulate. Stronginternal training materials for regulatory agencies can beused as outreach and safety promotion material for theindustry with minor modification. Regulatory agenciescan also develop certification and training programmesin collaboration with professional training institutes forthe industries (e.g., training requirement for contractworkers, training for workers handling Hazardouschemicals, etc.). Regulatory agencies and State traininginstitutes may develop guidelines and standardize trainingprotocols for first responders within the industries. Theseguidelines should consider joint training and exercise ofindustry first responders with offsite response agenciesfor coordinated response.3.9 STAKEHOLDER ROLES ANDRESPONSIBILITIES IN PREVENTION ANDMITIGATIONThe table below summarizes the key activities required forprevention and mitigation and the responsible agencies.36 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

3PREVENTION AND MITIGATIONTable 6.Stakeholder Roles in Prevention and MitigationPREVENTION ANDSNMITIGATION ACTIVITY1 Ensuring safety of chemicalstorage vessels regulated by PESO2 Enforcement of safety provisionsfor isolated storages3 Overall chemical safety of theunit including process safety, PPE,staff training, etc.4 Ensuring no or minimalenvironmental impact owing tooperations and possible accidentsat the sitePRIMARYRESPONSIBILITY ATSTATE/DISTRICT LEVELPESODISH(Recommended)DISHGPCBSECONDARYRESPONSIBILITY/SUPPORT AT STATE ORDISTRICT LEVELDISHGPCBDISH5 Ensure safe electrical conditionsand that electrical hazards willnot trigger chemical accidents6 Reducing/Eliminating use oftoxic materials and /or usingalternative non-toxic materials7 Risk management programs andinstallation of passive and activemitigation systems8 Dovetailing of Structures underMSIHC Rules, 1898 and the DMAct, 2005.9 Extension of requirement ofOnsite Emergency Plans to includeMAH as well as and Type A andType B industries10 Requirement of Onsite emergencyplans for Hazardous WasteManagement Facilities ( TSDF)11 Onsite Emergency plans andenforcement of MSIHC rules inintermediate, minor and privateports in addition to major ports12 Onsite emergency plans forisolated storage facilities13 Emergency response plans fortransport of HAZCHEMCEIIndustryIndustryGSDMADISH, CEI,PESO,GIDC,DoTTSDF facilityRespective Port AuthorityIsolated storage facility,Regional GPCBDISHDISHDISHDISHSCG, Chief Secretary of StateIndustryRegional GPCBRegional GPCB, DISHDISHDepartment of Transport,Western Railways, Traffic Policecontinued to page 38...GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 37

3PREVENTION AND MITIGATION...continued from page 37SECONDARYPRIMARYPREVENTION ANDRESPONSIBILITY/SNRESPONSIBILITY ATMITIGATION ACTIVITYSUPPORT AT STATE ORSTATE/DISTRICT LEVELDISTRICT LEVEL14 Land use policy on ‘nopopulationbuffer zone aroundState level Land use and townPlanning related agencies/GPCB,GSDMA,DC DCG, RevenueDeptMAH industries. VulnerabilityAssessment based siting ofchemical industriesdept15 Implementation of programmes DISH, GPCB ,GIDC, DoT, PESOsuch as Toxic Risk ReductionProgramme16 Use of Third Party professionalsPESO,CEI,DISHfor strengthening enforcement17 Implementation of E-Governance GSDMA, DISH DCG,DDMA, LCG (all for dataand implementation support)18 Development of InspectionmanualsAll relevant RegulatoryAgencies19 Promotion of preventive programsin industryDISH, PPP models like DPMC GSDMA, DCG, DDMA,collaboration between multipleregulatory agencies20 Coordination between differentenforcement agenciesGSDMAGFASLI, Airport Authority,Western Railways, PNGRB,GMB, PESO, CEI, DISH, GPCB,DOT21 Training and Capacity Building GIDM, SPIPA Regulatory Agencies, DISH,DDMA and DCG38 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

4PREPAREDNESSThe following are recommendations to improve thepreparedness for responding to chemical emergencies inthe state, as per the response plan in Chapter five. It iscritical to note that the response plan assumes that therecommended level of preparedness is achieved.4.1 DEVELOPMENT OF PREPAREDNESSACTION PLANPreparedness actions plans are critical to move fromplanning to implementation.This CDMP will onlyidentify the key “preparedness objectives” that need tobe achieved whereas the action plan must identify thetimeline, funds, personnel, and strategies to achievethese objectives. Without such action plans, the followingrecommendations will remain only aspirations and theresponse plan based on an assumption that the levelof preparedness is achieved cannot be implemented.Each offsite response agency and the state governmentdepartment assigned a role in the response plan (Chapter5) must develop a preparedness action plan and presentit to the SCG and GSDMA. After the plan is finalized andtimeframe is assigned to implement the planned actions,these preparedness action plans should be annexed to thischapter. The annual review and updating of the state DMPshould also review the progress of offsite agencies andstate departments, as per their own preparedness actionplans. It is critical that GSDMA takes a leadership role inensuring that individual departments prepare an actionplan to meet the agreed recommendations of this CDMP.4.1.1 WHAT IS AN ACTION PLAN?The action plan describes how an organisation ordepartment will meet its objectives (roles andresponsibilities) for CDMP. It consists of a number ofaction steps with each step describing the following:1. What will be done?2. Who will do it?3. When will it be done?4. What resources (money, manpower, technology)are needed?5. How will the resource needs be met?6. Who should know what and will report whatto whom?4.1.2 ASSIGN SPECIFIC ROLES ANDRESPONSIBILITIESBased on the state, district and local area CDMP, eachdepartment should be assigned roles responsibility. Inthis step, the role of SCG, DCG and LCG is important asa coordinating body and a common platform of variousrelevant departments and organisations. The objectivesof the action plan for a given department or organisationwill be to fulfil the roles and responsibilities assignedto them.4.1.3 ESTABLISH A CORE PLANNING GROUPWITHIN THE ORGANISATIONEach department should identify a core group of few(3-6) people who are interested in the subject of CDMP,have some relevant experience or expertise, and candevote some of their time and resources to making ofand monitoring the action plan. Particularly, budgetsand people (their time share) should be assigned for:(1) preparation of detailed action plan; (2) monitoringof implementation of action plan; and (3) actuallydischarging the duties as per the plan.4.1.4 MAKE PREPAREDNESS ACTION PLANAssess resource and skill requirements as per the assignedrole. Compare what is needed with available resourcesand skills. Such needs assessment will result in a list ofspecific goals or tasks. These goals should be time boundin immediate (0-2 years), short (1-4 years), medium (3-7years), and long term (6-10 years). The goals should bemeasurable (quantitative, verifiable, etc.).For each goal or task, prepare a comprehensive anddetailed list of activities to be conducted within next3 years, 1 year, and 3 months. Each activity should beassigned to a specific person or a group so that theirprogress can be monitored. Such detailed planning isessential for successful implementationNext, identify who, what, when, how.Essentially,each goal/task or activity should be assessed forGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 39

4PREPAREDNESSrequired resources (manpower, skills, equipment,technology, budget).4.1.5 DEVELOP EMERGENCY RESPONSEPROTOCOLSPreparedness action plans are made so that theorganisation is ready to discharge its roles during anactual emergency. Therefore, a critical component ofthe action plan should be allocation of staff, technology,equipment and budget during emergency. In addition,each department should develop SOPs for their responseduring an emergency.4.1.6 MAKE TRAINING PLANTraining and capacity building is integral part of actionplan. The department and organisation should identifytheir learning objectives and resources available. Onlinetraining and internal material is often the best source,but external training institutes and professionals can alsobe proposed in the action plan.4.1.7 FLOW DOWN ACTION PLANSPreparation of action plans should be top down startingwith the state head quarter and going to the districtand then local/block levels. The state plan should beinternally discussed and presented to regional/district orother such lower units in organisation. Each such sub-unitshould prepare their own action plans.4.1.8 DISCUSSION OF THE PLAN IN LCG/DCG/SCGMEETINGSThe action plans should be discussed in appropriate SCG,DCG, LCG meetings so that a coordination with the plansof other organisations is achieved. As discussed in Section3.7, the PAC sheet is a good tool to establish clarity ofroles and co-ordination among the various respondersduring an emergency.4.1.9 IMPLEMENTATION, MONITORING ANDEVALUATION OF ACTION PLANMonitoring and evaluation of the action plan is as importantas rigorous planning itself to ensure implementation.Therefore, an independent internal monitoring andevaluation group who is not directly responsible forimplementation of the plan should be formed. Thisgroup should be accountable and reporting to the headof the organisation and should make at least quarterlypresentation to the top executives and administrator ofthe organisation.4.2 IMPROVEMENT IN CHEMICAL DISASTERMANAGEMENT PLANNING4.2.1 GSDMA SUPPORT TO SCG, DCG, ANDLCG IN PLANNING AND PREPAREDNESS ANDCOORDINATION OF RESPONSEGSDMA is already playing a key role in planning andpreparedness for responding to chemical disasters throughtechnical guidance, financial support for infrastructure,constituting GIDM, and other such activities. GSDMAis also helping key municipal corporations procureHAZMAT vans for chemical response. GSDMA is helpingdistrict authorities to establish ERC in five locations. Werecommend additional support by GSDMA on the following.• GSDMA needs to do role as a “responsecoordinating” agency. Currently, no singleagency or department is made responsible forcoordinated response for chemical emergency.In practice, the collector is expected to fulfil therole of coordinating response. The internationalbest practices are to have a single agencyresponsible for coordinating response of multipleresponse agencies during disasters, ensuring thatindividual response agencies are prepared torequired level, and develop integrated responsecapability for the state. Such single “emergencyresponse office /agency” is advised not only forchemical emergencies but in all hazard contextas well.• Establish a Chemical Cell within GSDMA forcommunity outreach and education, as per CECAPstrategy report developed under this project.GSDMA may coordinate with SCG entrusted withthe similar functions under CAEPPR Rules• Develop a system to conduct and learn fromregular table top exercises, functional drills andfull scale mock drills, as per the recommendationsin this plan later, and ensuring that the systemis implemented by relevant DCG and LCG incoordination with SCG.40 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

4PREPAREDNESS• DPOs at district levels support the chairman ofDDMA (the collector) to discharge his duties. DISHis a member secretary to support the chairmanof DCG (also, the collector) as per CAEPPRRules. Considering the support activities forchemical disasters and those under “all hazard”concept will overlap, DISH and DPO both shouldprovide support to the DC for preparedness ofChemical Emergencies. While DISH can providetechnical support, the DPO can provide supportin administration, community outreach and othertasks. However, DISH officers and DPOs should betrained in topics of CIDM.• Additionally, GSDMA should consider appointing aCIDM specialist at district levels. This person canbe a chemical engineer with training in industrialsafety, HAZMAT response, CAMEO suit modelling.He can also be used by DCG as a technicalresource to prepare offsite plans, SOPs for thedistricts and other such technical activities.• In collaboration with SCG and by providingtechnical and financial support, GSDMA shouldprepare guidelines on chemical disasterplanning for LCG and DCG for: (a) chemicalhazard identification and facility inventory;(b) collection of planning information; (c)identification of sensitive populations andenvironmental receptors; (d) chemical releasenotification system procedures; (e) initiationtriggers and activation for initial public protectiveactions; (f) mobilization of chemical emergencyresponse teams; (g) establishment of the IRSand communications system; (h) transitionfrom emergency to remediation phase; and (i)equipment and material support requirements.• GSDMA may support SCG with technical andfinancial support to develop and standardizevulnerability assessment procedures,assumptions, data and software, and annualupdates for the same, maintaining database ofindustrial units and their chemical storage data,and providing modelling support to estimatevulnerability, and developing a vulnerability atlasand other maps.• Help establish a system for stakeholderparticipation in planning, review, andpreparedness activities. One of the criticalgaps in participatory planning and preparednessprocesses is that regular meetings of SCG, DCG,and LCG do not happen as envisioned in CAPPRRules except when a mock drill is planned. Suchmeetings between industry or their associationsand public authorities are very rare as well inspite of being critical to build trust betweenindustry and public agencies, and to develop jointcapability for response. Therefore, GSDMA maytake leadership in organizing and coordinatingsuch meetings and through active participation inthese meetings as member of SCG.4.2.2 STRENGTHENING OF ONSITE PLAN AND ITSSYNCHRONIZATION WITH THE OFFSITE PLANTo strengthen preparation of onsite plans and theirsynchronization with the district offsite plans or withdistrict CDMPs, the following three documents can beissued by DISH to the industry after they are approved indeliberations with the stakeholder:• Onsite Plan guidelines• Onsite plan model plan• Check listThe consultants, under contract with GSDMA,have prepared the above three documents. Thesedocuments need to be reviewed and adopted byDISH.DISH also needs to make conscious andtimely efforts to ensure that the industries followhese guidelines.4.2.3 DEVELOP EMERGENCY RESPONDER SAFETYAND TRAINING GUIDELINESThe safety of responders is paramount, not only toprevent any potential harm and suffering they mayexperience, but also to preserve a critical disasterresponse asset. State government should adopt andimplement a responder health and safety standard onlines of Hazardous Waste Operations and EmergencyResponse Standard (HAZWOPER) developed by the US (seeAppendix G: HAZWOPWER Standard by OSHA, USA). Inbrief, this standard requires that responders be providedGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 41

4PREPAREDNESSbeen on events that “directly” affect human populationsbut not on events that affect human health throughenvironmental or ecological damage. Therefore, werecommend that incidents should be reported even whenthey threaten environment and ecology on basis of aboveUSEPA rules as follows:i. A release of any hazardous chemical or petroleumproduct (in any amount) to water bodies (lake,rivers, dams, canal, sea, creek, etc.) within thestate of Gujarat.ii. A release of any hazardous chemical or petroleumproduct, in a quantity of 95 Litres or more, tothe surface of the land (whether or not there isevaporation or fire).This is a key recommendation that will result in immediatenotification and efficient trigger mechanism which werethe requirement under the scope of work of this project.However, we propose that these be first developed asguidelines and industry and public agencies be allowedto implement it for some time. Depending on theirexperience, these criteria can be modified to suit Indiancontexts and later developed in to statutory rules.4.2.5 FORMAL AFTER ACTION REPORTINGSYSTEM1. MSIHC Rules require an accident be reportedwithin 48 hours and a follow up report conductedwithin 90 days. MoEF has developed ChemicalAccident Investigation Reporting system (CAIRS).Our assessment indicates that CAIRS is not usedeffectively. For example, only 11 accidentshave been reported in Gujarat DISH in past 10years. Therefore, use of CAIRS must be promotedrigorously in Gujarat. However, CAIRS itself needsa few revisions to make it more comprehensive,effective, and user friendly.2. Whether CAIRS is improved or GSDMA developsa new state level accident reporting system,the system should be web based, use standardtemplates, and facilitate “automatic” informationsharing on a common platform between localresponse agencies, district disaster managementauthorities, specialized response assets (e.g.,SDRF, SERT), state agencies, and relevant nationalagencies. The system should:a. Allow entry by both the industryand authoritiesb. Have an event registry that records and trackskey quantitative data elements, enablestrend analysis, and supports geographicinformation system (GIS) analysisc. Allow for the documentation of past, active,and threatening incidentsd. Improve pre-planning for deploymentse. Allow reports to be generated thatsummarise response incidents and impact forconsideration by administrative and higherlevel government functionariesf. Play a critical role in ensuring all rehabilitationefforts and activities are documented and noincidents go without consideration for futuremitigationg. Have a public information component.4.2.6 DEVELOPMENT OF GIS BASED SYSTEM FORPLANNING AND DECISION SUPPORTUnder this project from GSDMA, the consultants haveidentified and reviewed several GIS based planning anddecision support systems. Based on this assessment, wehave recommended the CAMEO suit to be used for responseplanning. The CAMEO suit includes: (a) CAMEOfm forchemical related hazard information as per their MSDS;(b) ALOHA to model leakage scenario and estimate threatzones; (c) MARPLOT – to integrate ALOHA output on GISlayers to identify vulnerable population, installations,and areas and export the same to Google Earth or otherGIS platforms; (d) databases – various relational databasesfor chemical industry location and contact information,accident reporting and investigations, resources available,routes, and others.We acknowledge that CAMEO is designed by NOAA andUPEPA in the context of US and several terminologiesused therein or the reporting requirements are as perUS standards. However, CAMEO is still very effective anduseful in Indian contexts if we ignore the requirementsGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 43

4PREPAREDNESSunder US laws and focus only on the critical data andmodelling needs. CAMEO is being used by many USand other country based emergency response managersand tested for usefulness. On other hand, developinga customized GIS based planning and decision supportsystem for Gujarat or India will be time consuming andexpensive. Therefore, the better strategy would be touse CAMEO in short term. As more experience is gainedin use of CAMEO, GSDMA may consider developing orprocuring a more advanced and customized GIS basedsystem for Gujarat.CAMEO system is a modelling and database system andas such useful only to the extent of data available. Theconsultants have limited data for chemical industries,chemicals stored and their quantities, and latitude/longitude. From MoEF, GIS location data for fire stations,police stations, medical facilities is available for 6districts. The collected data is not validated or verifiedand grossly inadequate to properly plan for and to usein an emergency response. A state-level survey has tobe done to obtain information on resource infrastructure(contact, equipment, location, etc.), critical or sensitiveinstallations (schools, government offices, etc.), routes(chemical transportation routes, evaluation, road traffic/condition information), and industry specific information(chemicals, location, quantity). This information mustbe available in interactive GIS format. CAMEO suit(MARPLOT) can then be loaded with such GIS layers foreffective response.The GIS database is not a one-time activity but need tobe updated and maintained regularly. The most effectivestrategy to ensure this is that the local authorities,response agencies, and the industry are entrusted withregular updating of information. For example, a LCGmay be made responsible to collect and update chemicalindustry information on the web. Or, an industry can beprovided access to update their own information on a webplatform. Local fire, medical and police departmentscan also update their own information regularly on line.GSDMA may consider developing a web-based system toachieve this.4.3 TRAINING, CAPACITY BUILDING, ANDCOMMUNITY PREPAREDNESS4.3.1 IMPROVING THE CAPABILITY FOR ANDEFFECTIVENESS OF OFFSITE MOCK DRILLSMock drills form the back bone of testing preparednesslevels and learning lessons to improve the same. Ourassessments find that while mock drills are conducted asper the MSIHC rules at the district level by the industry andthe offsite response agencies, they are not standardized,and the feedback or lessons are not integrated withthe offsite plans. Industrial cluster or LCG level mockdrills are also required to happen twice in an year andthe pocket plan needs to be updated accordingly as perCAEPPR Rules, but this is not being done. Further, smallerexercises and drills need to be conducted periodicallyleading to a full-scale mock drill so that all exercises area continuous activity, and not only once-a-year mock drill.The following structure for mock drills is recommended tobe followed at local, district and state levels:1. Onsite mock drills should involve membersfrom LCG and DCG and be completed as per theguidelines issues by DISH from time to time.2. Table top exercises should be conducted to assessresponse capability and plan for resources andprocedures during emergencies.3. Functional drills are a practice of a specificaspect of emergency response. For example,we have recommended communication interoperabilityexercises. Similarly functional drillsfor joint industry-offsite agency response, publicinformation, site security, management of masscasualty, and others can be conducted.4. The full scale mock drill may be conducted asfollows:a. Invite independent observers to overseethe drill. GSDMA may develop and train apanel of pre-approved observers with afixed tenureb. A special core team should be formed to planthe mock drill scenario. The team shouldcommunicate the date but no other detail to44 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

4PREPAREDNESSresponse agenciesc. News media, public agencies, and targetcommunities should be informed of mockdrills so that unnecessary panic is not caused.5. The observations from table top exercises,functional drill and full scale drills should bedocumented, key lessons and action itemsmust be identified with suggested changes inDMPs or offsite plans, and the plans should beaccordingly revised post discussion betweenSCG/DCG/LCG members.4.3.2 DEVELOPING A SPECIALISED TRAININGCOURSE ON INTEGRATED AND COORDINATEDEMERGENCY RESPONSE SYSTEMThere is a strong need for developing such a specialisedtraining course for the emergency planners and responders(both Onsite and Offsite), regulatory agencies, LCG/DCG members and other professionals in the field andindustrial personnel. To assess the training needs of thetarget groups, feedback through group-discussions shouldbe obtained from LCG/DCG members, regulatory bodies,safety professionals from industry, public responseagencies etc. An electronic database to track trainingcredentials of responders, SCG/DCG members, andothers should be developed. Private industries shouldbe encouraged to initiate a similar training programmefor personnel exposed to hazardous substances, healthhazards, or safety hazards. An example of Best Practicefor such training courses is a part of the HAZWOPERstandard developed by OSHA as referenced earlier(Appendix G). The HAZWOPER standard can be accessedathttp://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=STANDARDS&p_id=9765The following levels of trainings are recommendedunder HAZWOPER to achieve integrated and coordinatedemergency response. GSDMA may cause GIDM to developtraining criteria and material on this basis by adapting tothe local context in discussion with DISH, PESO, GPCB, andthe industry. We recommend that such training materialbe tested through comments of key experts in the field(national / international) and piloted before beingscaled up.1) General site workers initially require 40 hours ofinstruction, 3 days of supervised hands on training,and 8 hours of refresher training annually.2) Workers limited to a specific task or workerson fully characterized sites with no hazardsabove acceptable levels require 24hours of initial training, 1 day supervisedhands on training, and 8 hours of refreshertraining annually.3) Managers and supervisors require the same levelof training as the people they supervise, plus 8additional hours of training.4) Workers who are working at a treatment,storage, or disposal facility that handleshazardous wastes require 24 hoursof initial training and 8 hours of refreshertraining annually.5) First Responder Awareness level training todemonstrate competency in their assigned dutiesfor 16 hours.6) First Responder Operations level training isawareness training plus 8 hours training.7) Hazardous Materials Technician 24 hours trainingplus additional training to achieve competency inseveral areas.8) Hazardous Materials Specialist 24 hours trainingat the technician level, plus additional trainingto achieve competency in several areas.9) On Scene Response commander 24 hours trainingplus additional training to achieve competency inseveral areas.Please see Section 4.5 for identified training needsof key response agencies for qualified chemicalemergency response.GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 45

4PREPAREDNESS4.3.3 DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OFCHEMICAL EMERGENCY COMMUNITY AWARENESSAND PREPAREDNESS STRATEGYFrom the analysis of the relevant statutory requirementsunder key CIDM legislations, it is clear that theresponsibility for Chemical Emergency CommunityAwareness and Preparedness (CECAP) rests with thelocal public emergency authorities with the activesupport of State and Central governments and proactiveparticipation of the industry. Accordingly, a CECAPstrategy is developed.A dedicated CECAP cell should be established in GSDMAwith a budget and action plan to provide funding support,technical guidance, and management of outreach in eachdistrict. The programme’s overall objectives include:• public understanding of protective actions(shelter in place and evacuation)• public acceptance of the recommended protectiveactions during an emergency• public trust in the emergency management system.Outreach programmes should be tailored to eachcommunity’s needs. The specific objectives of theprogramme will be to:• Encourage residents to have a specific chemicaldisaster plan for themselves, their families, andtheir businesses• Create awareness about the risk involved andsafety actions required to be taken—shelteringin-placeor evacuating• Develop a sense of participation/involvement/partnership of community in decision making• Develop public willingness and readiness toco-operate and take self-protective actionsas advised by the DDMA/DCG during real timechemical emergencies.The CECAP cell of GSDMA should also play the followingkey functions:• Coordinate communication between GSDMA,DDMAs, SCGs, DCGs, and LCGs to providefeedback, strategic direction, and impactevaluation (monitoring and evaluation,experimental impact evaluation, process audit,etc.) of outreach programmes• Integrate the activities of key state agenciesinvolved in development of IEC materialsfor CIDM• Ensure that DDMA/DCG designate an activerepresentative or trusted agency to deliver thepublic outreach messages• Publish information for the general public such asvulnerability and hazard profiles, common socialpromotion material, guidelines for communityoutreach efforts by local agencies and appointedprivate parties, evaluation reports, and others.The key responsibility for implementation of the CECAPstrategy in the respective local areas lies with the DDMAin consultation with LCGs and the DCG. Therefore, eachDDMA should have a pre-planned and approved budget,target, and schedule. The following are key componentsof implementation plan recommended in the CECAPstrategy report:1. Identification of vulnerable communities: Werecommended that the onsite plan identify thevulnerable communities and not only estimatethe distance of vulnerable zone so that DCG orLCG can identify vulnerable communities on basisof onsite plans developed by the industry. DCGor LCG can also use MARPLOT of other GIS basedplatforms to identify such communities and therisks (fire, explosion, toxic) they face.2. Workshop based training of Master Trainers: Thecommunities in vulnerable zone need specialtraining to prepare them for the protectiveaction. These communities need information onhazards, chemicals, the risks, expected response,communication protocols, contact for additionalinformation, compensations, and availableresources to help them in an emergency. Werecommend that each block identify mastertrainers from the community who can be localleaders, school teachers or others and train themon above topics for their respective communities.These members can train their own neighbourhoodor community with active support from the46 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

4PREPAREDNESSblock level trainers. Block level trainers can betrained at district and state level. Such blocktrainers can be a mix of DISH officials, industryrepresentatives, DPO, and others. GSDMA maysupport in terms of developing training guidesand providing funding for technical support. Thelocal industry can contribute funds to hold theworkshops at local levels and make necessarylogistics arrangements.3. General and wider outreach: While communitiesin vulnerable zones require specific informationand training, general population also needsinformation on chemical emergencies and theirrole in them. These are the typical information,education and communication (IEC) strategiesbeing used in the state. Such mass-communicationapproach will also serve to reinforce some ofthe training points for vulnerable communitiesas well. Developing such general and widerapproach consists of three elements.a. Identify Communication Methods: Selectone or more of the channels such as printmaterial (brochures, calendars, newspaper),e-media (web, SMS, emails), radio,TV, special events.b. Develop and Produce Education Materials:The materials should include generalinformation on chemical hazards andprotective actions general population cantake. The materials and should be clear,accurate, consistent, and conveyed in anauthoritative manner.4.4 ENHANCE CHEMICAL DISASTERRESPONSE CAPACITY4.4.1 HAZMAT RESPONSE CAPACITY ASSESSMENTUnder this project, the consultants conducted a thoroughcapability gap analysis of CIDM at State and districtlevels. The thrust of the gap analysis was on self-reportedassessment of capability on several factors against theirinternational benchmark levels. At the district level,the assessment questionnaire was targeted to 12 typesof organizations (Police, GPCB, Fire, Collectorate, etc.)and across thirteen capability areas such as the planning,communication, HAZMAT response, the management ofdead, and other critical areas. At state level, we soughtresponse from 15 different organizations. A capacity wasconsidered perfect when the level of 10 out of 10 wasreached. The analysis recognized that the self-reportswould be biased towards reporting a more positivecapability so that the consult teams validated several ofthe claims through field visits on a sample basis. Althoughwe find few instances or high levels of self-ranking, thefield visits clarified that such high ranking itself was basedon improper understanding of the roles, responsibilities,and what international capability benchmark reallymeant. Majority of the respondents honestly self rankedtheir capability and we find that they fall short of theinternational benchmark.The details of the analysis are available in a separate onCapability Assessment and Gap Analysis. This report isa critical compendium to the CDMP because it includesspecific recommendations for the gaps we identified.Several of those recommendations are included in thisCDMPS but several minor recommendations and theirdetails are a part of the Capability Assessment and GapAnalysis report. Below we summarize key findings fromour assessment in Table 7 and 8.Overall the state and districts agencies have self-assessedtheir capabilities in moderate (4-6 out of 10 ranking)range. In addition, the team of PRESTELS and IEMconsultants visited fire stations, police stations, medicalfacilities, MAH units, Type A units in Ahmedabad, Surat(Hazira), Vapi (Valsad), and Bharuch. Among other aspectsthat we evaluated a critical question we asked was “Fora given level of disaster would the public/governmentresponders can provide qualified HAZMAT responsethat would be effective in saving lives and property?”The assessment team included senior technical leadfrom IEM who has responded to hundreds of chemicalemergencies, an experienced fire engineer from India,as well as Industrial safety experts. Essentially this isthe assessment of HAZMAT response capacity of the firestations because they are/will be the most qualified toprovide a direct response whereas other responders suchas Police or Medical will be in support role. We summarizeour assessment in Figure 12.GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 47

4PREPAREDNESSTable 7. District Capability Assessment ResultsName ofDistrictPlanning ControlroommanagementCommunications Situational awarenessand hazmatresponseRespondersafety andhealthSecurityand protectiveactionsEnvironmentalhealthAhmedabad 7.4 7.8 5.4 -- -- 5.3 --Amreli 6.3 7.6 7.2 5.9 7.3 6.7 5.8Anand 6.8 7.9 5.6 7.5 2.4 8.8 0.6Bharuch 6.9 5.9 6.6 5.7 6.1 6.7 5.9Bhavnagar 6.0 6.6 5.9 5.8 5.4 6.7 5.0Dahod 4.3 4.0 4.1 2.6 1.8 2.5 --Dang -- 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Gandhinagar 8.6 7.0 8.8 5.1 7.2 8.4 6.3Godhra 7.3 4.0 6.4 -- -- -- --Jamnagar 7.1 5.3 3.7 6.1 5.0 3.6 6.0Junagadh 7.9 8.4 7.7 5.0 7.2 8.4 5.2Kheda 7.7 7.7 5.9 6.5 6.4 8.5 1.3Kutch 6.8 6.7 5.3 7.3 5.6 7.1 --Mehsana -- -- -- -- -- -- --Navsari 7.7 9.1 7.2 8.6 8.8 8.2 6.0Panchmahal 5.9 7.7 6.6 5.4 4.0 6.8 4.2Patan 4.4 5.7 4.0 3.0 -- -- --Porbandar 7.0 6.7 6.9 6.9 6.4 7.3 6.8Rajkot 5.4 7.4 8.6 8.3 8.4 7.6 8.0Sabarkantha 4.4 6.4 6.4 4.6 4.2 5.8 3.5Surat 4.6 5.4 3.9 5.8 3.9 6.2 4.3Surendranagar 5.3 7.2 5.5 2.1 1.7 2.8 2.0Tapi 1.3 1.0 1.9 1.2 1.0 1.4 1.0Vadodara 8.3 8.3 7.4 7.1 7.8 7.8 2.0Valsad 4.8 5.4 5.2 4.6 4.4 7.0 7.8Summary 5.4 6.4 5.8 5.2 4.7 5.7 4.4continued to page 49...48 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

4PREPAREDNESS...continued from page 48Name ofDistrictEnvironmentalhealthPublic healthand safetyPublicoutreach andeducationEmergencypublicinformationEmergencymedicalservicesManagement Mass care Summary Rankingof deadAhmedabad -- -- 5.6 6.9 7.0 6.7 6.3 6.5Amreli 5.8 6.4 6.6 6.4 4.0 4.0 6.6 6.2Anand 0.6 -- 4.6 9.8 6.5 5.5 7.5 6.1Bharuch 5.9 6.9 7.8 7.3 7.3 4.4 7.0 6.5Bhavnagar 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.6 6.0 4.9 4.2 6.1Dahod -- -- 1.5 3.9 -- 3.8 6.0 3.4Dang 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -- 0.0Gandhinagar 6.3 7.4 4.4 8.4 8.3 8.4 7.6 7.4Godhra -- 7.3 8.2 -- -- -- -- 6.3Jamnagar 6.0 5.7 6.8 4.8 3.6 4.5 4.3 5.1Junagadh 5.2 8.9 10 10 4.8 3.6 10 7.5Kheda 1.3 7.4 3.5 9.3 6.1 6.7 7.3 6.5Kutch -- 5.3 7.2 7.9 7.3 -- 6.4 6.6Mehsana -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --Navsari 6.0 8.3 9.6 9.0 7.8 7.4 9.0 8.2Panchmahal 4.2 -- 5.4 4.9 4.0 3.3 -- 5.3Patan -- -- 6.4 5.4 -- -- 2.2 4.4Porbandar 6.8 6.3 6.6 7.7 7.4 6.2 -- 6.8Rajkot 8.0 7.1 8.0 8.3 9.0 7.6 8.1 7.8Sabarkantha 3.5 3.8 4.3 4.5 3.8 4.9 5.5 4.8Surat 4.3 4.4 3.6 0.0 3.0 1.9 2.0 3.8Surendranagar 2.0 -- 8.7 6.0 4.3 2.4 5.5 4.5Tapi 1.0 2.8 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.6 1.2 1.3Vadodara 2.0 7.0 5.8 8.0 4.1 4.6 2.5 6.2Valsad 7.8 7.1 7.6 5.7 8.3 7.3 6.1 6.3Summary 4.4 5.6 6.1 5.5 5.1 4.6 4.4GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 49

4PREPAREDNESSTable 8. Capability Assessment Results for State AgenciesName ofstate agencyPlanning Control roommanagementCommunications Situational awareness andhazmatresponseRespondersafety and healthSecurityand protectiveactionsGSDMA 6.7 7.4 6.9 7.4 -- --Police HQ 8.4 10.0 9.1 5.2 7.5DISH 9.0 4.5 3.7 4.0 -- 6.6Relief7.4 7.9 7.4 2.2 1.0 7.3CommissionerGPCB 0.7 -- 1.6 6.8 1.3 0.6Transport-- -- -- -- -- --CommissionerPESO 7.0 -- 6.6 6.6 -- --Railways 6.4 10.0 5.6 3.0 7.4 8.6GMB 6.3 4.6 5.8 5.4 5.6 6.7Department of 7.6 4.0 6.1 4.9 -- --AgricultureGVK EMRI 8.4 8.4 6.7 8.2 9.2 7.5NDRF 5.1 8.7 5.4 2.7 4.0 4.6Indian Red4.7 5.6 4.0 -- 2.2 3.7Cross SocietyElectrical5.8 -- 3.5 5.0 -- --InspectorateState Crisis8.7 7.7 7.4 8.4 9.0 8.8GroupSummary 6.6 7.2 5.7 5.3 5.0 6.2continued to page 51...50 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

4PREPAREDNESS...continued from page 50Name ofstate agencyEnvironmentalhealthPublic healthand safetyPublic outreachand educationEmergency publicinformationEmergencymedicalservicesManagementof deadMass care SummaryRankingGSDMA 8.0 5.1 9.4 -- 3.9 6.4 -- 6.8Police HQ 8.0 5.1 -- 8.5 4.1 4.8 -- 7.1DISH -- 7.8 6.3 6.3 8.6 7.3 5.0 6.3Relief-- 6.8 4.6 7.6 7.4 6.3 5.9 6.0CommissionerGPCB -- 6.4 2.0 2.7 7.5 6.1 -- 3.6Transport-- 6.9 -- -- 5.6 6.1 -- 6.2CommissionerPESO -- 5.0 -- -- 4.6 6.0 -- 5.8Railways -- -- 8.6 9.4 -- -- 9.2 7.6GMB -- -- -- 5.3 -- -- -- 5.7Department of -- -- 4.0 -- -- -- 2.4 4.8AgricultureGVK EMRI -- -- 7.0 8.0 -- -- 6.2 7.7NDRF -- -- 1.2 7.5 -- -- 5.3 4.9Indian Red-- -- 4.8 4.3 -- -- 4.0 4.2Cross SocietyElectrical-- -- -- -- -- -- -- 4.8InspectorateState Crisis-- -- 3.4 7.6 -- -- 4.8 7.3GroupSummary 8.0 6.1 5.1 6.7 6.0 6.1 5.4GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 51

4PREPAREDNESSTYPE OF FIRE SERVICEEMERGENCY LEVELMINOR - 1 MODERATE - 2 MAJOR - 3 CATASTROPHIC - 4EXISTINGMAH UnitsMunicipal Fire BrigadesRECOMMENDEDLocal Emergency response TeamsRegional Response TeamsState Emergency Response TeamLEGEND FOR ASSESSMENTComplete Capacity to ResponseFigure 12. Assessment of HAZMAT Response CapacityCapacity is Limited with serious deficiencies that can be addressed to majorityextent through rigorous trainings and standardizationNone. Investments in equipments, manpower, training, standardization requiredProposed level of capacity for a given teamWhile the LCG-DCG-SCG mechanism is constituted toplan for and coordinate response to industrial chemicalemergencies, the public agencies such as police, fire, andmedical departments are responsible for actual responsesat the scene. Traditionally, the role of offsite agencieshas been supportive where as the industry is maderesponsible to provide a qualified and technical HAZMATresponse. However, this approach ignores that not allindustries would have high level of capability to respondto chemical emergencies or that a chemical emergencycan exceed the available capability of the industry or thatchemical accidents can happen elsewhere than chemicalindustries. In such situations, the responsibility for publicprotection on the government becomes critical and thusit is essential that a capability for qualified chemicalemergency response is developed in the offsite agencies.Past and recent experience in India and internationally hasshown that the government cannot rely solely on privateindustry and must play a strong role for an effectiveresponse. After Bhopal disaster, internationally theapproach was to put responsibility for chemical responseon the industry and government played supportiverole. However, the experience over time identified thatgovernment or public agencies should preferably leadchemical emergency responses because:1) The government has the overall responsibilityto protect the public health, safety, andthe environment compared to the industrywhich may have conflict of interest regardingthese tasks2) The government response agencies at all levelshave the institutional ethics of service tocommunity3) The government officials typically havethe authority and the leadership capacityto take decisions/actions in emergencysituations4) Chemical emergencies may happen in nonindustrialsettings where the industry may nothave any obligation to provide response.Therefore, while statutory obligation to respond tochemical emergency rests with the industry, it is also ashared responsibility of the public authorities.52 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

4PREPAREDNESS4.4.2 MULTI SCENARIO CHEMICAL RESPONSECAPABILITYOur discussions with various response agencies andplanning units identified that there is a perception that achemical emergency can either be fire/explosion or toxicscenario and a different structure or approach is neededas per the scenario unfolding. It is, therefore, essentialto recognize that chemical emergency is only that andcannot be / should not be separated out as fire or toxic.A chemical fire is “rarely” only that. The fire by productsare often toxic and of unclear nature. Even a simpleburning car may give toxic fumes in case the rubber partsinclude bromine compounds. Therefore, the responseteam must approach a chemical fire as potential toxicevent as well. On other hand, several chemicals poseboth toxic and flammable hazards. It is more likely tohave one or the other scenario, but the response team hasto plan protective actions and response plan assuming that“anything can happen”. The response team also needs toknow that fire control measures may themselves give riseto toxic by-products. They may have to decide to evenaid burning of certain chemicals in the best interest of theenvironment and exposed population because sometimesfire is actually a beneficial outcomes than the alternativeof toxic leak.Overall, we clarify that there will be one unified teamstructure under IRS to respond to chemical emergencies.The IRS is flexible enough to accommodate differentpeople, skills and resources as per the unfolding scenario.The LERT, RRT and SERT described next are “multi-hazard”chemical response teams (and not only for toxic).4.4.3 ESTABLISH UNIFIED STATE LEVEL FIRE SERVICEChemical emergency response capability is not astandalone capability but something that is built on andintegrated with the existing response capability for alltypes of emergencies and disasters. In case of chemicaldisasters, the role of fire department is important inresponding to chemical fires. A fire station must havethe basic capability to respond to typical fires thatcan happen in its jurisdiction including chemical firesas per NDMA guidelines. Therefore, availability of andpreparedness of local fire stations is a basic precursorto improving chemical emergency response capability.Our assessment of fire stations identifies that firedepartments in larger municipal corporations such asAhmedabad and Surat are comparatively well equipped,staffed, and trained, but all lacked sufficient trained manpower and equipment as discussed in the gap analysisreport and response mechanism report. Because thefire departments are attached to the municipalities, wealso find lack of standardization in procedures relatedto staffing, training, equipment, and response betweendifferent fire departments. Overall, the capability tooffer qualified and rapid response even to non-chemicaland non-industry emergencies is quite weak. Therefore,Gujarat state needs to build the overall fire departmentcapability in the state on priority basis.We recommend creating a department for fire servicesin the state. The state fire department can set up firestations in areas currently not served by the municipalitiesand even assess adequacy of locations and numbers offire stations in the state and take corrective action.While the ownership of the fire stations may remainwith municipalities, the state fire department may actas a regulatory and resource agency to provide technicalguidance, develop training academies and special coursesfor fire department, procure equipment, develop standardprocedures for operations, and enforce fire safety rulesfor industry, commercial, and residential structures, andmonitor the performance of fire stations in the state.A recent report by Ministry of Home Affairs for StateWise Risk Assessment, Infrastructure and InstitutionalAssessment for Fire Hazard and Risk Analysis has alsorecommended that municipal fire and emergency servicesshould come under State Fire and Emergency Services 5Considering the state is preparing Gujarat Fire andEmergency Act, there may be an opportunity to createsuch state level department or agency.5MHA (2012). Fire Hazard and Risk Analysis in the Country for Revamping the Fire Services in the Country. Final Report– State Wise Risk Assessment, Infrastructure and Institutional Assessment of Phase II States. Prepared by RMSI for theDirectorate General NDRF and Civil Defence (Fire), Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA), New Delhi. November 2012.GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 53

4PREPAREDNESS4.4.4 INCIDENT RESPONSE SYSTEMIn Section 4.7, we describe the emergency responseorganization structure on basis of incident response system(IRS) recommended by NDMA, as well as by interpreting theUS National Incident Management System (NIMS) withinthe Indian context. The IRS system allows for a qualifiedincident commander to direct the technical aspects ofresponse under direction and authority from the districtcollector (at district level) or the chief secretary (at statelevel). The SDM, district collector and chief secretary aregiven a role of “responsible officer” in IRS. IRS involvescreation of support departments for logistics, operationsand administration and finance (called incident responseteam, IRT). The system can be scaled up effectively withmore advanced response teams and incident commanderstaking over command for technical, on-scene response.More details about IRS is provided in Section 4.7.4.4.5 FORMATION OF STATE EMERGENCYRESPONSE TEAM (SERT)A specialist State Emergency Response Team (SERT)for chemical disasters would be primarily responsiblefor responding to high-risk, high-volume, and thus, lessfrequent incidents that surpass capacity of local orregional response agencies. Such scenarios should beidentified in district offsite plans. This local and regionalresponse teams should be trained sufficiently to:• Recognize events that may surpass local capacityto respond• Rapidly collect information needed to define thesituation and organize the appropriate responseresources• Support local incident command functions as theincident escalates.SERT should be housed as a part of an agency or forcewhere personnel are not transferred frequently becausesignificant resources, training, and funds are invested inraising and building capacity of SERT and because SERTdevelops higher levels of skills through experience ofworking together as a team. Therefore, it will be prudentnot to lose such investment and asset to staff transfers. Indiscussion with GSDMA we have identified that the proposedGujarat SDRF would be most suitable for this purpose.4.4.6 REGIONAL RESPONSE TEAM AT EMERGENCYRESPONSE CENTRESThe state has already planned 5 regional emergencyresponse centres (ERC) and 4 mini ERC modelled onDPMC Ankleshwar in a PPP model. This is a crucial steptowards greatly enhancing the preparedness, and shouldbe completed on a priority basis. ERCs are multi hazardunits that would be attached to local municipality’s firedepartment. Subsequently, ERC may be housed underunified fire service at the state level if and when it isestablished because ERCs are state level assets and notrestricted to only the city or district they are located in.A specialist regional response team (RRT) for chemicalemergencies should be developed in ERCs. The RRT maybe established by building from a core of the most capablelocal fire departments. These teams will be a state levelasset that can be officially mobilized by SEOC althoughthe DEOC can directly contact them for fail-proof andspeedier communication. These teams will respond to thehigher-toxicity, higher-volume chemical release incidents,releases of unknown chemicals, and complex or longduration events that require more resources than localteams are able to support. The regional response teamswill not replace but will augment local response capacity,and will be trained to identify events that necessitatethe request for state-level (e.g., SERT) or national-levelresources (e.g., NDRF). The regional teams will supportthe on-going development and training of other localresponders and support the development of mutual aidagreements.As qualified and available private-sectorresponders are identified, they can be incorporated intothe RRTs to serve in non-command roles. With respect tochemical emergencies, GSDMA should support ERC withthe following:▪▪▪▪▪▪Formation of RRTsPolicy supportDevelopment of safe work practicesProcurement, calibration, and maintenance ofequipmentProcurement of PPEAdvanced and regular training for technician andcommand staff.54 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

4PREPAREDNESSsafely. Knowledge allows responders to identify hazardsand make decisions where the outcome is predicted with ahigh degree of certainty. The antithesis of knowledgeabledecision making is that taking actions without sufficientknowledge will have negative consequences and likelycause further harm. Knowledge comes from four sources:1. Sufficient training2. Integrated planning and drills with industrypartners3. Continuous situational awareness and assessmentduring an incident4. Adequate monitoring of equipment and samplingsupplies.This resource plan is written from the perspective of aHAZMAT Response Team leader, and is intended to providea general level of guidance in identifying the resourcesneeded to support local, regional, and state levelresponse teams; and, more importantly, the reasons foracquiring a particular equipment or resource. This planalso assumes that the basic fire station capability will bebuilt in all hazard context, but provide some guidelinesfor improving the fire services in the state.The basic premise of this plan is the establishment of athree tier response system within the state of Gujaratfor chemical disasters based on the 90/5/5 principle.The 90/5/5 principle is based on historic observationsthat 90% of chemical disasters pose relatively low riskto the public. Usually these incidents are comprised oflow volume, low hazard chemicals such as fuel, paint,or pesticides/herbicides. A LERT is a basic level entryteam that should be able to handle 90% events in theirjurisdiction. These events, if left unresolved or if poorlyhandled, could escalate into more serious events, so itis imperative that a prompt response be afforded at theoutset. A capable local fire department can also respondto such events through their in-house LERTs. Other localresponders such as emergency medical services (EMS)personnel and police officers may also be called upon torespond to every incident. While they cannot be expectedto provide a specialist chemical emergency response,they fill support roles that are essential to the overallresponse operation.The next 5% of disasters involve more significant eventswith larger volumes, more complex chemicals or mixturesthat may be resolved with fairly easily implementedresponse mitigation options (e.g., suit up and shut off avalve). These events would require the support of a RRT.These incidents could evolve into higher level situations ifnot promptly and properly handled.The final 5% of events are both operationally and technicallycomplex, characterized by large volumes of chemicals,highly toxic substances in uncontrolled circumstances, andmay involve catastrophic consequences if left unresolved.These incidents include dumping or abandoning ofunknown, large volume releases into populated areasor sensitive environments, toxic events with fatalities,or radiation events. Once any significant population isinvolved with exposures, contamination, or a significantwater body or environmental receptor is involved, itis likely that a state or even national resource will berequired. SERT is comprised of state-level resources thathave the ability to work in complex, extremely dangeroussituations by using a combination of extensive monitoring/sampling equipment and PPE.In general, the higher type teams bring increasing capacityto enter confined spaces and deal with increasinglyhigher concentrations of toxic chemicals, vapour hazardchemicals,Chemical-Biological-Radiological-Nuclear(CBRN) agents, more complex events, and unknownchemicals in unknown concentrations.In following sections, a list of appropriate personnel,training, equipment, and supplies is provided for eachteam. Departments and agencies must make resourceacquisition decisions based on many factors such asavailability, cost, known hazards in the region, andsimplicity of use in the field. Planning, training, and mockdrills with local industry partners and local emergencyresponders should directly influence resource procurementdecisions based on expected hazards in a community.Therefore, the procurement decisions must be madeby local response agencies and teams as per “their ownneeds assessment,” while state level agencies can provideguidance and support to enable local agencies to makesuch determination. Another essential consideration is to56 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

4PREPAREDNESSmaintain equipment compatibility between teams at alllevels, which will enable scaling up the use of equipmentand resources for larger emergencies as well as ensureeconomies of scale in procurement and maintenance.Training requirements listed for each team should alsobe considered the absolute minimum starting point fora particular position on any of these teams. It is highlyrecommended that all of these teams train continuouslyand cross-train all team members in every job so that theteam is flexible and resilient. Training on procurementequipment is a must. Such training should be providedto local response agency staff directly instead of a topdowntraining approach. Finally, it is recommendedthat hazardous chemical response teams includemembers from industry and transportation agenciesthat are familiar with key facilities and transportationcorridors/modes.4.5.2 POLICE OFFICERSThe role of police during a chemical disaster is toinitially provide an assessment of the situation to thedispatch and hazardous chemical response team prior tomobilization and to assist the incident commander withthe implementation of public protective actions, sitesecurity, and traffic control as needed. Police are notexpected to come into contact with hazardous chemicalsand should remain at a safe distance from the event atall times. The most important piece of equipment for apolice officer is a pair of binoculars to gather informationfrom a safe distance.4.5.2.1 TRAINING• Hazardous material awareness, protective action,and site security training (8 hour awareness, 8hour protective action and security = 16 hours) asper HAZWOPER training guidelines• Training for traffic police in response totransport hazards and use of support toolssuch as TREMCARDS. In case police is assignedresponsibility as IC in case of transportationemergencies, then designated officers as IC needsuch training (see training requirement for IC inLERT)• Basic first aid and CPR4.5.2.2 EQUIPMENT• Binoculars and detailed maps of area• Decontamination wipes• Nitrile surgical gloves• Escape self-contained breathing apparatus (10minute bottle with hood) if working in an areawith significant toxic inhalation hazard chemicals.4.5.3 EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES (GVK-EMRI108 AND OTHER AMBULANCES)Similar to police officers, EMS personnel are acritical community asset that should be protectedfrom contamination and injury related to a chemicalrelease. EMS must ensure all patients are adequatelydecontaminated before treatment and/or transportation.Under no circumstances should a contaminated patient betransported to an offsite medical facility. If a patient mustbe transported to a field treatment, decontamination, orcollection area, they should be transported on trucks thatcan be easily decontaminated. It is the responsibilityof the hazardous chemical response team to ensuredecontamination of all persons involved in a chemicaldisaster, including casualties and fatalities.4.5.3.1 TRAINING• Awareness plus EMS Chemical Response training (8hour awareness minimum, 16 hour EMS ChemicalResponse optional = 24 hours) as per HAZWOPERtraining guidelines• Expecting paramedic or first responder trainingat appropriate levels4.5.3.2 EQUIPMENT• Decontamination wipes• Nitrile surgical gloves• Disposable chemical protective outer garments4.5.3.3 SUPPLIES• Antidotes and treatments as required in byemergency plans or protocols• Absorbent pads• Zip local bags for patient personal effects• Tags for effects• Pens or markersGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 57

4PREPAREDNESS4.5.4 FIRE DEPARTMENTA qualified hazmat response by a local fire station assumesbasic fire fighting capabilities, including industrialfires. NDMA has issued National Disaster ManagementGuidelines on “Scaling, Type of Equipment and Trainingof Fire Services” for standardization and revamping ofthe fire services in the country for effective, efficientand comprehensive management of fire incidents. Werecommend that GSDMA follows these guidelines to buildcapacity of fire stations in Gujarat.In addition, a recent report by Ministry of Home Affairshas conducted survey of fire stations in Gujarat andidentified gaps in infrastructure, equipment, vehicle,manpower, training and others 6 . Table 9 summarizes thegap in number of fire stations. Currently, only 35% of therequired number of fire stations is available in the state.In addition to lack of adequate number of fire stations,even the existing fire stations have limited manpower,equipment, vehicles and training. For example, currentlyGujarat has manpower of 1447 people which is only 7.5%Table 9. Gap in Number of Fire Station in the StateDISTRICTEXISTINGFIRESTATIONSTOTALRECOMMENDED FIRESTATIONS58 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLANADDITIONALURBAN FIRESTATIONSNEEDEDADDITIONALRURAL FIRESTATIONSNEEDEDAhmedabad 19 48 19 10Amreli 7 21 7 7Anand 8 20 8 4Basankantha 5 22 5 12Bharuch 5 15 5 5Bhavnagar 9 24 9 6Dohad 3 13 3 7Gandhinagar 4 18 4 10Jamnagar 13 30 13 4Junagadh 10 28 10 8Kutch 6 18 6 6Kheda 6 20 6 8Mehsana 6 19 6 7Narmada 1 5 1 3Navsari 4 12 4 4Panch Mahals 5 16 5 6Patan 5 15 5 5Porbandar 3 7 3 1Rajkot 13 38 13 12Sabar Kantha 8 23 8 7Surat 15 40 15 10Surendranagar 7 20 7 6Tapi 2 5 0 3The Dangs 0 2 0 2Vadodara 12 25 5 8Valsad 7 10 0 3All State 183 514 167 1646MHA (2012). Fire Hazard and Risk Analysis in the Country for Revamping the Fire Services in the Country. Final Report –State Wise Risk Assessment, Infrastructure and Institutional Assessment of Phase II States.

4PREPAREDNESSmeeting the specific size of the staff of that fire station;we identified close proximity fire suits lying unusedbecause they did not fit in size to fire men on staff. Therecommended PPE include:1. Fire Suit2. Fire Proximity Suit3. Compressed Air Breathing Apparatus Sets withspare cylinder4. Fresh air respirator with manual operation5. Chemical Protective Suit6. Hand Gloves for Chemical Resistant, HeatResistant like Kevlar, Cut Resistant7. Eye Protection8. Ear plug & Muff9. Safety Helmet10. Safety Harness with life line & rope11. Safety Shoes / Gum boots.In addition, the following special equipment/appliancesmay be needed as per the hazards in the fire stationjurisdiction:1. Turn Table Ladder2. Hydraulic Platform (54 Meters height)3. Emergency Tender / Advanced Rescue Tender4. Extra Heavy Water Tender5. Hose laying Tender6. Lighting Van7. Control Post Van8. Mobile Workshop for repair of Fire Appliances,9. Mobile Workshop for Telecom and other rescueequipment etc.4.5.4.4 WATER SUPPLY AND FOAM REQUIREMENTSBased on worst case vulnerability assessment, we can planfor and identify need for water and foam requirements.While we plan for the worst, it should be noted that worstcare are rarest of the rare possibilities and most frequentchemical emergencies will be much smaller in extent.On other hand, we should accept that the estimatedquantities are only that and can differ in actual realitybased on many factors.To estimate water supply needs, we identified maximumunit storages in the districts for highly flammablesubstances that have potential for pool fire. We thenestimate the total heat of combustion by multiplying themaximum storage quantity by the calorific value of thefuel. To neutralise this heat we estimate the quantityof water required by dividing by the latent heat ofvaporization of water. We assume the efficiency of firefighting at 25 percent so that we multiply the estimatedquantity of water by 4 to get total water required. Theactual amount of water can be even as high as 15 timesif the fire fighting is not done in a technically efficientmanner (angles, where to concentrate water jets, howmany water jets at a time, is continuous supply possible,etc.) In case of chemical fires, different types of foamsare also immensely useful. We estimate foam requirementas per NFPA guidelines.Table 10 lists the amount of water and foam requiredby district in Gujarat. This table should not be used forprocurement decisions; the foams can be of variety oftypes and best determined by the fire station personnelwho plan to use them. District should identify sourcesthat can provide the required amount of water or makeplans to make such water available at short notice.4.5.4.5 MAN POWER AND QUALIFICATIONThe manpower requirements for fire stations will varyaccording to the types of fire fighting appliances to bemanned, the number of fire engines at the station, theduty system (continuous or shift) , and other factors.Typically the following staff positions are required at afire station:• Firemen• Leading Firemen• Driver• Telephone Operator• Maintenance or Engineering staff• Sub Officer• Station Officer.60 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

4PREPAREDNESSTable 10. Estimated Water Supply and Foam for Pool FiresDISTRICT WATER (M3) FOAM (M3)AHMEDABAD 2,994,000 39,800AMRELI 121,000 9,800ANAND 2,000 300BANASKANTHA 1,000 200BHARUCH 1,040,000 19,300BHAVNAGAR 125,000 10,000GANDHINAGAR 246,000 7,400GODHRA 2,000 300JAMNAGAR 7,153,000 71,400JUNAGADH 2,000 400KUTCH 3,235,000 41,100MEHSANA 3,000 300NADIAD 122,000 4,600NAVSARI 46,000 2,500PATAN 1,000 200PORBANDAR 125,000 10,000RAJKOT 286,000 8,200SABARKANTHA 3,000 300SURAT 6,729,000 66,900SURENDRANAGAR 14,000 1,100TAPI 3,000 400VADODARA 1,348,000 22,900VALSAD 41,000 3,200All State 7,153,000 71,400Note: These estimated quantities are only a guide. Actual quantities required can vary depending upon the chemicalinvolved, fire fighting efficiency, and many other factors. Also, chemical industry fires should not be the only criteriain deciding water and foam requirements in the local area. The local fire departments should conduct a detailed fireprofiling of their jurisdiction and estimate the quantities of resources needed.4.5.5 LOCAL EMERGENCY RESPONSE TEAMIn chemical emergencies the LERT with help of otherresponse agencies – fire services, police department orEMS – serve three functions.• First, they secure the site.• Second, they evaluate the situation and initiatepublic protective action measures or modify preplannedactions.• Third, they establish incident command.All of these actions take place from a safe distance. Noresponders enter the site until a Site Safety Plan (SSP)has been completed and the team has all the appropriatePPE and equipment to operate safely in the expectedenvironment. The key safety concern for this team is tobe able to identify when an event exceeds their capacityand to request assistance from RRT. Usually each HAZMATemergency response team is of 8 members at a givencentre or fire station. If LERT cannot be formed in allfire stations, then there should be at least one LERT perindustrial pocket or LCG or DCG, whichever results inhigher number of LERT.4.5.5.1 TRAININGMinimum training for the eight member team as perGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 61

4PREPAREDNESSHAZWOPER training guidelines:• Incident Commander – Technician and Specialistcourses with Incident Command Course (40 hourhazmat chemistry, 24 hour specialist, 40 hourtechnician, 24 hour operations, 8 hour awareness,16 hour incident command = 152 hours)• Safety Officer – Technician and Specialist courseswith Safety Officer Course (40 hour hazmatchemistry, 24 hour specialist, 40 hour technician,24 hour operations, 8 hour awareness, 40 hourSafety Officer = 176 hours)• Primary Entry (2 members) – Technician andSpecialist courses (40 hour hazmat chemistry,24 hour specialist, 40 hour technician, 24 houroperations, 8 hour awareness = 136 hours)• Rescue and Backup (2 members) – Techniciancourses (40 hour technician, 24 hour operations,8 hour awareness = 72 hours)• Decontamination and Support (2 members) –Operations courses (24 hour operations, 8 hourawareness = 32 hours)• All members should have basic training requiredof all fire station staff4.5.5.2 EQUIPMENTThe equipment needed at the minimum level consists ofPPE, monitoring equipment, tools, and supplies.Personal Protective Equipment• Level D Ensemble – basic fire structural PPE(coat and trousers) or work uniform, a hard hat,chemical work gloves, safety glasses, safetyshoes/boots, and a Personal Alert Safety System(PASS) device.• Level C Ensemble – basic liquid splash andminimum respiratory protection for knownchemical hazards includes: chemical specificprotective coverall or two-piece suit, chemicalgloves, safety glasses, safety boots, and an Air-Purifying Respirator (APR) with appropriatecartridge or Self-Contained BreathingApparatus (SCBA).• Nitrile gloves both outer and inner• Neoprene and butyl rubber outer gloves• Chemical resistant boots and chemical resistantbooties• Assortment of cartridges if using APR• Spare bottles if using SCBA• First aid kitMonitoring Equipment• Electronic pulse and blood oxygen monitor• Oral digital temperature thermometer• Basic four gas monitor – includes cartridges foroxygen (O2), carbon monoxide (CO), LowerExplosive Limit (LEL), and choice of commontoxic gas like hydrogen sulphide (H2S), sulphurdioxide (SO2), or chlorine (Cl2). This monitormeasures the atmosphere to help ensure there issufficient oxygen to use an APR and monitors forthe presence of dangerous CO2 levels or explosiveconcentrations of flammable gas• Test paper(s) – litmus, peroxide, M-8, M-9,ammonia, oxidizer, etc• Photo Ionization Device (PID) – This monitor allowsthe direct measurement of airborne gasses,vapours, fumes, and dusts that are within theionization potential of the bulb. It is useful formeasuring concentrations of known chemicals,such as identifying soils contaminated withhydrocarbons. It is not very useful for measuringor identifying unknowns or complex mixtures• Geiger counter and radiation film badgedosimeter – the film badge must be sent to alab for dose reading. Use of a low-end digitalpersonal radiation meter for real time readingsand logbook to record exposuresTools• Binoculars• Non-sparking tool set, socket set, drum wrench,pry bar, screw drivers, hammer(s)• Shovels, picks, brooms• Intrinsically safe radio (no cell phones in hot zone)62 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

4PREPAREDNESS• Grounding wire and rod (for bonding flammablecontainers)• Brushes, buckets, garden hose, five gallon sprayerfor decontamination4.5.5.3 SUPPLIES• Absorbent pads, booms, and loose granularmaterial (general and petroleum only)• Containers – five gallon pails with lids, large heavygauge plastic bags, gallon and quart zip-lock bags• Chemical resistant, packing and duct tape• Engineers tape for marking• Pin flags• Drum marker (paint marker)• Markers, labels, and marking decals• One gallon each of basic decontamination agentssuch as soap, tri-sodium phosphate (TSP), calciumhypochlorite solution (HTH), and super tropicalbleach (STB)4.5.5.4 VEHICLESBasic vehicles include a fire engine or asmall box van.4.5.5.5 REFERENCE MATERIALS (PAPER ONLY)• Field guides, reference books• Onsite plans of the unit• Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)• ERG 2012 guidebook4.5.6 REGIONAL RESPONSE TEAMRegional response teams are state level assets locatedin the 5 ERCs across the state. They bring a higher levelof chemical response capacity. No responders enter thesite until the SSP has been reviewed and signed by allmembers of the team to ensure they have appropriatePPE, training, and equipment to safely operate inthe expected environment. The key safety concernfor this team is to be able to identify when disasterincident exceeds their capacity and request assistancefrom SERT.4.5.6.1 TRAININGMinimum training for the 24 member team as perHAZWOPER training guidelines:• Team Commander – Technician, CBRNE andmultiple specialist courses with IncidentCommand Course (40 hour hazmat chemistry, 40hour CBRNE Training, 40 hour team leader course,24 hour specialist, 40 hour technician, 24 houroperations, 8 hour awareness, 16 hour incidentcommand = 232 hours)• Incident Commander and alternate Team Leader(2 members) – Technician and specialist courseswith Incident Command Course (40 hour teamleader course, 40 hour hazmat chemistry, 24 hourspecialist, 40 hour technician, 24 hour operations,8 hour awareness, 16 hour incident command =192 hours)• Safety Officer (3 members) – CBRNE course,technician and specialist courses with safetyofficer course (40 hour CBRNE course, 40 hourhazmat chemistry, 24 hour specialist, 40 hourtechnician, 24 hour operations, 8 hour awareness,40 hour Safety Officer = 216 hours)• Primary Entry (6 members) – Technician andSpecialist Courses (40 hour hazmat chemistry,24 hour specialist, 40 hour technician, 24 houroperations, 8 hour awareness = 136 hours)• Rescue and Backup (6 members) – Technician(40 hour technician, 24 hour operations, 8 hourawareness = 72 hours)• Decontamination and Support (6 members) -Operations (24 hour operations, 8 hour awareness= 32 hours)Note: All team members must have specific training onuse and calibration of monitoring equipment beyond whatis listed above.4.5.6.2 EQUIPMENTPersonal Protective Equipment• Level B Ensemble – enhanced liquid splash andmaximum respiratory protection for knownchemical hazards including chemical specificprotective cover all with hood, integrated gloves,booties, and chemical inner gloves; SCBA; andtaped seams at neck, gloves, and booties.GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 63

4PREPAREDNESS• Level A Ensemble – chemical specific vapour andgas tight protective over garment with internalSCBA and buddy system external support andsafety bottle, integrated outer gloves and bootiesplus inner gloves and in-suit communicationscapability.• Multi-chemical resistant high break through timegloves• Insulated coveralls and insulated boots forworking with liquefied gasses• Flash protection suits (as needed or integratedinto Level A suits)• Chemical resistant boots and chemical resistantbooties• Assortment of cartridges for APR• Three spare bottles for each SCBA or cascadesystem to refill bottles• First aid kitMonitoring Equipment• Handheld digital infrared thermometer• Enhanced gamma, beta, alpha radiation digitalsurvey meter with pancake probe for alpha withdata logging• Digital dosimeters with data logging• PID/Flame Ionization Device (FID) combination• Mercury Vapour Analyser• HazmatCAD Plus• Radiological Survey Meter• Colorimetric test kit (substance identification)• Advanced HazCat Kit with Pump• Multi-gas air monitor with data logging• Dust and particular monitor withdata loggingTools• Cutting tool• Air tools• Access to heavy equipment (backhoe, front endloader, dump truck, etc.)• Meteorological station with data connection• Generator• Digital camera for documentation• Voice recorder for documentation• Water fog nozzle4.5.6.3 SUPPLIES• Neutralizing agents with immediate access tolarger volumes (e.g., lime, soda ash, etc.)• Plugging and patching materials• Vapour leak repair kit• Pipe for building bypass dikes or “French” drains• Large rolls of plastic sheeting for soil storagepiles or for covering large areas• C Kit for chlorine tanks• Ammonia tank kit• Basic sampling assortment of jars and bottleswith labels and sampling tubes4.5.6.4 VEHICLES• This team has a large amount of equipment thatrequires a dedicated box truck or tractor withtrailer. A HAZMAT Van will be most suitable for RRT4.5.6.5 REFERENCE MATERIALS (PAPER AND ELECTRONIC)• Laptop computer with modelling software andchemical database• Reference guides for Level of Concern (LOC)determination4.5.7 STATE EMERGENCY RESPONSE TEAMThe state emergency response team is the most advancedhazardous chemical response team. No responders enterthe site until the SSP has been reviewed and signed by allmembers of the team to ensure they have appropriatePPE, training, and equipment to safely operate in theexpected environment. The key safety concern for thisteam is to be able to identify when an event exceedstheir capacity and seek external (national / international)support as needed.4.5.7.1 TRAININGMinimum training for the 30 member team as perHAZWOPER training guidelines:• Team Commander – Technician, CBRNE and64 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

4PREPAREDNESSmultiple Specialist courses with IncidentCommand Course (40 hour hazmat chemistry, 64hour CBRNE Training, 40 hour team leader course,24 hour specialist, 40 hour technician, 24 houroperations, 8 hour awareness, 16 hour incidentcommand = 256 hours)• Incident Commander and Alternate Team Leader(2 members) – Technician and Specialist courseswith Incident Command Course (40 hour teamleader course, 40 hour CBRNE course, hour hazmatchemistry, 24 hour specialist, 40 hour technician,24 hour operations, 8 hour awareness, 16 hourincident command = 232 hours)• Safety Officer (3 members) – CBRNE course,Technician and Specialist courses with safetyofficer course (40 hour CBRNE course, 40 hourhazmat chemistry, 24 hour specialist, 40 hourtechnician, 24 hour operations, 8 hour awareness,40 hour Safety Officer = 216 hours)• Primary Entry (6 members) – Technician, CBRNE,and Specialist Courses (40 hour hazmat chemistry,24 hour specialist, 40 hour technician, 40 hourCBRNE, 24 hour operations, 8 hour awareness =176 hours)• Rescue and Backup (6 members) – Technician(40 hour technician, CBRNE 40 hour, 24 houroperations, 8 hour awareness =112 hours)• Decontamination and Support (6 members)- Technician (40 hour technician, 24 houroperations, 8 hour awareness = 72 hours)• Medical Support (3 members) – 40 hour medicalhazmat course, 24 hour operations, 8 hourawareness = 72 hours• Evidence Collection and Documentation Specialist(3 members) – 40 hour evidence collection anddocumentation course, 24 hour operations, 8hour awareness = 72 hours4.5.7.2 EQUIPMENTPersonal Protective Equipment• Specialized cryogenic PPE for industrialrefrigerated gasses• Specialized Level A Ensemble – Chemical hazardspecific vapour and gas tight chemical protectiveover garment with internal SCBA and buddysystem external support and safety bottle,integrated outer gloves and booties plus innergloves, and in-suit communications capability• Twenty-five units of Air Purifying Supplied AirHoods to support patient triage, decontamination,and treatment in warm zone. External personnelmust work under supervision.Monitoring Equipment• High fidelity radiation meters with multipleprobes and data logging• Gas ID System• RAZOR (PCR Biological Agent ID system)• PID/FID combination• Calibrated air sampling pumps with Tedlar® bags• Vacuum air sampling boxes• Dedicated data logging computer with radiotelemetry support to collect data remotely• Multi-gas radio telemetry capable monitorsTools• Heavy lifting capability• Hydraulic cutting, bending, pushing equipment• Confined space rescue equipment• Access to hazmat and flammable capablevacuum trucks• Large portable tents• Small shelter tent for entry, backup, andsupport team• 4 wheel all-terrain vehicle (ATV) to transportteam to hot zone line from cold zone• Hot tap drill and bit for venting or emptying a tank• High pressure water pump with portable watertank and hose for decontamination• Portable decontamination shower• Water heater for decontamination shower• VHF, UHF, Satellite and encrypted communicationoptionsGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 65

4PREPAREDNESS4.5.7.3 SUPPLIES• Neutralizing agents with immediate access tolarger volumes (e.g., lime, soda ash, etc.)• Plugging and patching materials• Vapour leak repair kit• Pipe for building by pass dikes or“French” drains• Large rolls of plastic sheeting for soil storagepiles or covering large areas• C Kit for chlorine tanks• Ammonia tank kit• Basic sampling assortment of jars and bottleswith labels and sampling tubes• Advanced specialty materials for plugging,sealing, and patching• Inhibiting agents (as needed) to interruptpolymerization• Antidote kits for CBRNE agents• Advanced sampling lit with VOA bottles, and anassortment of sampling bottles, jars, and bags• Metal Paint cans (un-used) for sealing CBRNEsamples for transport• Evidence collection and documentation kit4.5.7.4 VEHICLES• This team has a large amount of equipment thatrequires at least two dedicated box trucks ortractors with trailers and a mobile cascade airsystem for refilling air bottles used for SCBAs. AHAZMAT Van is appropriate for this team.4.5.7.5 REFERENCE MATERIALS (PAPER AND ELECTRONIC)• Laptop computer with modelling software andchemical database• Reference guides for LOC determination• Mobile hot spot to access internet4.6 PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS (PPP)FOR DISASTER RESPONSE4.6.1 EXPAND MUTUAL AID BETWEEN LARGEINDUSTRIESMutual aid agreements to help each other in chemicalemergencies exist in some industrial pockets among thelarger units. Such partnerships should be encouragedelsewhere where the industries have own resources torespond to chemical emergencies.4.6.2 REPLICATE SUCCESSFUL MODEL OF DPMCFOR MUTUAL AID AMONG INDUSTRIESCurrently, a critical gap in existing mutual aid betweenindustries is that the small industries without ownresources to respond to chemical emergencies are not themembers of the mutual aid. The primary reason for this isthat large industries in the mutual aid seek commensuratelevel of reciprocity from other member industries. Largeindustries do provide help to smaller units on request fromthem or district authorities, but as a benefactor and notunder a formal or binding agreement. Considering this,we recommend a replication of the DPMC model in otherindustries’ pockets in Gujarat to serve smaller industries.DPMC can also serve larger units in addition to mutual aidassistance from other large industries.DPMC Ankleshwar is managed and supported by AnkleshwarIndustries Association, GIDC Fire Stations, GIDC and GIDCNotified Area. It is well equipped with SCBA sets, firefighting equipment, both FEAS, foam and water tenders,PPEs, breathing apparatus, air compressor and variety ofIndustries Association, GIDC Fire Stations, GIDC and GIDCNotified Area. It is well equipped with SCBA sets, firefighting equipment, both FEAS, foam and water tenders,PPEs, breathing apparatus, air compressor and varietyof monitoring instruments including lox meter and windvelocity and direction meter. DPMC helps in industries inthe areas of:• Strengthening of their preventive measures66 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

4PREPAREDNESS• Emergency and industrial disaster management• Data collection regarding hazardous chemicalsand processes, MSDS, antidotes, toxic release,resources etc.• Conducting safety awareness programmes andtraining programmes inclusive of industrial safetyand fire fighting, safe handling of hazardouschemicals, first aid and community education• The control room at DPMC also maintains list of fireservices available in the area, hospitals, doctorsand ambulances, technical experts, antidotesand their sources, emergency equipment etc.4.6.3 PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP TO RESPONDTO ROAD EMERGENCIESCurrently, the response capability within public responseagencies for HAZMAT response for on road emergenciesinvolving tankers is nil. However, a special type ofexpertise required for different chemicals is availablewith the industry handling the transportation of thespecific chemical. Therefore, it is necessary to use theexisting expertise in the industry to handle HAZMATemergency on the road.We highly recommend adoption of the CHEMTREK systemused in the US to track movement of hazardous goodsand form a state-wide network of mutual aid to respondto road mishaps 8 . Gujarat already has a good exampleof such a successful network: Chlorine TransportationEmergency network by AMAI (Gujarat Chapter). SixDistricts in Gujarat have Chlorine Manufacturing unitsand 20 Districts have only Chlorine Consuming Units.Five Chlorine Manufacturing units in adjacent States alsosupply chlorine to consumers in Gujarat. These ChlorineManufacturing (in Gujarat and Adjacent States) andconsuming units have created Chlorine TransportationEmergency network to deal with emergency situation dueto chlorine leakages / spillage during transportation andto assist consumers to control chlorine leakages. Thisnetwork is now expanded to western, eastern, northern,and southern regions for a national-level Network as ofMay 2012 9 .Such a model can be expanded to transport other hazardouschemicals to develop a comprehensive system. Such asystem has immense potential to develop in to a marketbased disaster response system. With clear mechanism forpaying for the services provided by others in respondingto emergencies, private players will start providing suchservices to consignor and consignee of hazardous goodsas is a the case in the US now for CHEMTREK. Over timethe plausibility of extending such a system to respond toemergencies in even fixed installation can be explored bylearning from the experience in the road transport sector.4.6.4 FORMING MUTUAL AID BETWEENNEIGHBOURING DISTRICTSState authorities can coordinate the response fromagencies and resources from multiple districts. However,for an efficient and timely response, neighbouringdistricts or a cluster of districts in a region can formmutual aid agreements, especially districts servedby the same ERC. These agreements recognize thatan accident site in a district may in fact be closestto a response team in another district, that districtscan pool resources to reduce the cost burden on eachother, and that emergency in one district can affectanother district(s). The mutual aid agreements caninclude standardization of notification procedures,standardization of equipment, joint trainings and mockdrills, and procedures for sharing resources.4.6.5 IMPROVING PREPAREDNESS OF PORTS ANDFORMING MUTUAL AID WITH DCGOnsite plans for major ports are prepared but they needto be incorporated in corresponding district offsiteplans. Also subsequent onsite plans for the ports maybe developed on basis of the onsite guidelines issued byDISH for industries to the extent feasible for the sakeof standardization. Additionally, SCG/DCG, the GujaratMaritime Board, and other private ports should sign amutual aid agreement to help each other in respondingto disasters. For minor ports functioning under GMB andprivate ports, GSDMA should encourage the developmentof comprehensive onsite emergency plans, given theyare not yet prepared. These onsite plans should be8http://www.chemtree.com/9http://www.ama-india.org/GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 67

4PREPAREDNESSintegrated with corresponding district plans and also bea part of the mutual aid between ports and district/stateoffsite agencies for response.4.6.6 IMPROVING PREPAREDNESS OF AIRPORTAND FORMING MUTUAL AID WITH DCGOnsite plans for airports are prepared by the AirportAuthority of India. However, they need to be developed inthe future as per DISH guidelines for the chemical hazardsposed by the storage of aviation fuel on site and anyother chemicals handled as cargo or for other purposes.Additionally, a mutual aid agreement should be developedbetween AAI and SCG/DCG for coordinated response tochemical disasters.4.6.7 MPROVING PREPAREDNESS OF RAILWAYSAND FORMING MUTUAL AID WITH DCGWestern Railways have developed a comprehensiveemergency management plan that includes a responseto chemical disasters. They also have their own controlroom and resources. Considering that Railway HAZCHEMtransport is a risk and that Railways have significantdisaster response resources, their onsite plan should beintegrated with the district offsite plans. This meansthe railways should develop some plan elements asper the guidance by DISH for onsite plans and provideinformation on vulnerability assessment and other suchsections to DCG. Also, a mutual aid agreement betweenSCG and Railways should be developed for coordinatedresponse to chemical emergencies.4.7 STRENGTHENING OF RESPONSEMECHANISM4.7.1 ESTABLISH EMERGENCY ORGANISATION ASPER INCIDENT RESPONSE SYSTEMAs stated in NDMA guidelines on IRS, the Incident ResponseSystem (IRS) is an effective mechanism for reducing thescope for ad-hoc measures in response. It incorporatesall the tasks that may be performed during emergencyresponse irrespective of their level of complexity. Itenvisages a composite team with various Sections toattend to all the possible response requirements. TheIRS identifies and designates officers to perform variousduties and get them trained in their respective roles. IfIRS is put in place and stakeholders trained and madeaware of their roles, it will greatly help in reducing chaosand confusion during the response phase. Everyone willknow what needs to be done, who will do it and whois in command, etc. IRS is a flexible system and all theSections, Branches and Units need not be activated at thesame time; only as and when they are required.The IRS organisation as depicted in Figure 13 functionsthrough Incident Response Teams (IRTs) in the field. In linewith DM Act 2005, Responsible Officer (RO) – the districtcollector at district level or the Chief Secretary at state level– is overall in charge of the incident response management.However, the RO may delegate responsibilities to theIncident Commander (IC), who can manage the incidentthrough IRTs. Unlike natural disasters, the skill set torespond to chemical emergencies is more technical thanadministrative and managerial. Therefore, as discussedlater, we recommend that a technically qualified personbe designated as IC for chemical emergency by the RO.The IRTs will be pre-designated at State, District, Sub-Division and Taluka/Block levels. Because chemicalemergencies may not provide early warning, the localIRT will respond and contact RO for further support,if required.The IRS organization has two main components. First,the command staff consists of Incident Commander (IC),Information & Media Officer (IMO), Safety Officer (SO)and Liaison Officer (LO). They report directly to the ICand may have assistants. The Command Staff may or maynot have supporting organisations under them. Second,the General Staff has three components. The OperationsSection (OS) is responsible for directing the requiredtactical response actions. Expansion of the OS depends onthe enormity of the situation. The Planning Section (PS)is responsible for collection, evaluation and display ofincident information, maintaining and tracking resources,preparing the Incident Action Plan (IAP) and othernecessary incident related documentation. The LogisticsSection (LS) is responsible for providing facilities, services,materials, equipment and other resources in support ofthe incident response.68 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

4PREPAREDNESSNDMA IRS guidelines are available at nidm.gov.in/PDF/guidelines/Incident_Response_System.pdf. We refer youfor this much comprehensive report to understand theprecise roles and responsibilities of different IRT members,and Annexure XI in above link provides suggestion for thedepartments and agencies that can fill various roles asper the IRS depicted in Figure 13. The information is toocomprehensive to just copy in this report so we refer youto NDMA guidelines for more details. A more chemicalemergency specific structure is provided in Figure 14.Note the minor changes and scaled down IRT for chemicalemergencies. Specific IRTs with proper people or agenciesshould be predesigned as in the example of Figure 14.The organization structure of SCG is much more specificas per CAEPPR Rules, and hence suitable for chemicalemergencies. Therefore, the coordination of IRT and SCGstructure is easily possible by linking the SCG memberswith specific roles under IRT. IRS is also not prescriptiveand the state administration can assign the “best suitedand/or interested” person or department to a specificrole (including private industry resources provided theindustry is committed for such a role). Below, we providesome chemical disaster specific recommendations andinterpretation for IRS.1. The chief secretary of the state is the chairmanof SCG, member of GSDMA, and the “ResponsibleOfficer” (RO) of the IRS at the state level. CEOof GSDMA is also a member of SCG. Therefore thecoordination between SCG-DCG-LCG mechanismunder CAEPPR Rules and GSDMA-DDMA structureunder DM Acts is achieved at the state level andthere is no conflict.2. Chief Secretary or CEO GSDMA may be the IC forstate level response (which may indeed be a rightstrategy for natural disasters), but for chemicalemergencies the IC must have significant amountof training (see Section 4.5) and need to bepresent near the incident site, which such seniorlevel officers are not most suited to. Thereforefor chemical emergency, the RO will delegateresponsibilities to a qualified Incident Commander(IC) to manage the incident through IRTs that arepre-designated. The IC is a person qualified intechnical and managerial aspects of managingincidents at the incident site. We recommendthat a senior officer from the proposed SERT begiven this authority and responsibility. There canbe multiple ICs at the state level depending on thetype and scale of disasters. In case of combinationof natural and chemical emergencies, the IC canindeed with a senior level administrative officerand the chemical response teams will be headedby a corresponding OSC. In case of catastrophicor major chemical emergencies also the IC canbe an administrative officer because executivedecisions about whose life and whose propertyshould be saved have may have to be taken.3. Until an IC is pre-assigned, the CS or CEO GSDMAwill continue to fulfil the role. The RO can stillhead the SEOC while the IC is at the ICP near theaccident site.4. Considering that chemical emergencies wouldoften happen without any early warning, first thelocal IRT will respond. The emergency will beescalated to the state level if the district capacityis inadequate and then RO will be also be at thestate level.5. The IC is located at the incident command post(ICP) which is located outside the hot zone ofchemical incident and directs the responseactivities.6. The IC is supported by a pre-designatedInformation and Media Officer (IMO), SafetyOfficer (SO) and Liaison Officer (LO) and anyassistants or deputies. The IMOs main task isinformation exchange with media and generalpublic. The LO is the focal point of contactfor various line departments, representativesof NGOs, PRIs and others participating in theresponse. The IMO and LO can be located at theSEOC because they are not needed at the incidentsite. The function of the SO is to ensure thesafety of responders and conduct any requiredsituational awareness to assess and/or anticipatehazardous and unsafe situations. The SO shouldGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 69

4PREPAREDNESSbe based at the ICP along with IC; this is usuallya SERT team member. The IRS is flexible for ICto be from state level and IMO and LO from thedistrict level but such organizational plans shouldbe done as a part of preparedness measures.7. The Operations Section (OS) is responsiblefor directing the required tactical actions tomeet incident objectives. In case of chemicalincidents the IC and the OS Chief (OSC) mayboth be the same or different persons. For largeand complicated emergencies (for example,natural and chemical disasters together), the ICand OSC may have to be separate functionariesto deal with different aspects of emergencymanagement. The OSC will typically be the headof the emergency HAZMAT response team at thelocal, district or state level and can be from theindustry, fire department or any other agency aslong as they are trained and sensitized.8. The Planning Section (PS) is responsible forcollection, evaluation and display of incidentinformation, maintaining and tracking resources,preparing the Incident Action Plan (IAP) on thebasis of a Site Safety Plan (SSP) as suggested inSection 4.5, and prepares the demobilization plan.9. The Logistics Section (LS) is responsible forproviding facilities, services, materials,equipment and other resources in support of theincident response. The Section Chief participatesin the development and implementation of theIAP, and ensures prompt and smooth procurementand supply of resources as per financial rules.10. A single supervisor may be put in-charge ofmultiple sections and branches within thesections. However, the functions identified inthe IRS remain independent but only headed by acommon manager.11. Not all sections will need to be activated forall chemical emergencies. For example, formost medium scale emergencies, the LO orLS may not be needed, or the OCS and IC canbe the same person, or the safety officer canalso be the planning section chief, and othersuch arrangements. Overall, redundancy inthe organization structure planned should beremoved to ensure efficiency of operations andnot an organizational quagmire.12. When state level support is provided, theIRT structure at the district level will not bedismantled, but the state level IRT will supportand take over operations if necessary. NDMAguidelines on IRS describe how the unity ofcommand will be maintained and how thecommand can be transferred to higher levels.13. Ideally, the state should build the capacity of thestaff of public agencies (e.g. SDRF, SERT, StateFire Department, when established) to act as an ICwith minimal reliance on the industry to providesuch technical leadership. However, in the shortterm, considering the limited technical capacityfor managing and directing a HAZMAT response inpublic agencies, the industry response personnelcan be made the IC.Figure 15 depicts the emergency response mechanism onthe basis of the IRS. This figure attempts to draw thesynergies between the response structures envisionedunder MSIHC and DM Acts. The incident controller, sitecontroller, and dotted shapes for LCG, DCG, and SCG isthe mechanism under MSIHC. The ICP will be establishedas per IRS and the response will be by pre-designated IRT.The incident controller will become the part of ICP. Wehave depicted LERT, RRT and SERT as primary responseagency. LERT, RRT or SERT head can be the OSC or the ICas per the plan of the district. SERT, RRT, LERT can alsobe considered as ‘groups’ in Figure 13 (bottom cell in leftmostcolumn). In short term, the incident controller fromthe industry may be the OSC (if district does not havequalified “public” response capability) and the DC is the ICbut over time it is important that the district identifies atechnically qualified IC and not rely on the industry alone.DEOC, SEOC and Local Control Rooms are established inGujarat and will serve as control rooms. We have givenexample of police, fire and EMS teams providing supportto the IC as per his directions. This simplified process can70 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

4PREPAREDNESSindicate that the IRS is not something drastically differentfrom what is being done under offsite plans.4.7.2 ESTABLISH INCIDENT NOTIFICATIONPROCESSCurrently, a system to notify district and local authoritiesexists in case the onsite emergency has the potentialto become offsite under MSIHC Rules 1989. However,as discussed in Section 4.2.4, we are recommending aproactive (rather than reactive) approach to notifyingpossibility of offsite in a verifiable and quantitativemanner. This system will require industries to report anincident as per the criteria in Section 4.2.4 and not waitfor the onsite to have the potential to result in an offsiteemergency. This state-level system would be responsiblefor the following activities• Develop an incident reporting and notificationmatrix that pre-designates entities that will beincluded in the reporting or formal notificationprocess, based on assigned disaster responseroles, geographical area of responsibility, andevent type.• Provide official mandate of Government ofGujarat to state/district/local emergencyoperations centres or control rooms to receiveand handle the notification and direct firstresponders accordingly.• Receive an initial accident report, and followup/finalaccident report from responsible partiesregarding any release that meets the followingcriteria as recommended in Section 4.2.4.• Immediately direct the initial notificationsto responding entities at appropriate levels(local, state, and national) based on theestablished reporting and notification matrix.Use appropriate technology to disseminate allavailable information as rapidly as possible.Notification forwarding should begin at the locallevel. Not all notifications should be escalated toSEOC.• Immediately activate all pre-planned public alertand warning systems and support emergencypublic information systems by providing preplannedmessages for sheltering or evacuationorders. In case a siren by industry is one of theways to alert the community in the vicinity of theaccident site by the local / district authorities,then state government should establish a processto pre-authorize the industry for use of suchsiren, as per the terms of pre-authorization.For example, the process should advise on thetype of siren (standardization across state) andthe range of siren for the initial protective actiondistances (evacuation or shelter in place or both)• A requirement to “formally and automatically”notify the district emergency authority (Collector)of the offsite emergency as per MSIHC Rules if theemergency becomes offsite during response.• A requirement for a formal reporting within 48hours that is based on debriefing after responseresources are demobilized and a follow up reportwithin 90 days as per existing MSIHC Rules.4.7.3 IMPROVE CONTROL ROOM MANAGEMENT▪ Build timely alert and notification capability▪ Resolve Roles of GVK 108 and SEOC: GVK 108is being promoted by the government of Gujaratas an all-emergency (fire, medical, and police)communication and dispatch centre. SEOC isalso being promoted by the revenue departmentfor disaster reporting. While GVK 108 is apublic private partnership company, SEOC is astate owned asset who is authorized to receivechemical release notifications because revenuedepartment is a member of SCG. Ideally, GVK 108can play a role of “communication and dispatchcentre” whereas SEOC is the “control room” thatofficially receives notification from industriesand coordinates response to disasters. GVK 108may forward reports of chemical emergencies toSEOC. However, their respective roles should beclarified by GSDMA and the Revenue Departmentin reporting of and responding to chemicalemergencies. There should be “one” designatedcontrol room at state level.▪ Maintain Up to Date Contact Directory:GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 71

4PREPAREDNESSDepartment of Revenue publishes contactSufficiency of Control Rooms: Conduct regulardirectory for all state, district and taluka levelassessments of SEOC to ensure that backupgovernment functionaries. MoEF published Redelectrical services and redundant communicationBook containing up to date contact informationsystems are present. DEOC and SEOC must ensureof national and state level functionaries fora fail-proof and inter-operable communicationchemical response. Offsite plans prepared undersystem.▪▪MSIHC Rules have up to date information of evenprivate assets at the district level. However, allsuch information must be available in easy tosearch and reliable platform while ensuring thatall information is up to date.SEOC should develop a system to monthlychecking of all contact information and updatingthe same. For sake of reference, Appendix Eincludes the list of key contacts in the state. Theindividual district and local area CDMP shouldhave more detailed information. However, theimpulse to use CDMP or even offsite plan as adirectory of contact information should beavoided and instead a proper database should beused.Resolve Conflicting Agency-Specific ControlRooms: We expect that SEOC will be mannedand active 24 by 7. However, when a chemicalemergency is notified, SEOC staff can initiateinitial actions as per the pre-determined plan,but they will need support from other SCGmembers. For example, if an emergency is beingscaled up to state level, the RRT may be asked torespond by the SEOC staff. However, the IC fromthe RRT will need logistics, technical, and mediamanagement support from SEOC. Therefore,pre-identified liaisons or representatives fromrelevant state agencies and department willneed to report to the SEOC rather than activatetheir own agency-specific control rooms, if any.Also, the local or LCG control room (if any) andDEOC should mainly communicate with the SEOCduring a major disaster and not multiple agenciesdirectly. The role of a control room is to providesingle location management of a disaster.Adequate Equipment to Ensure the Self-▪Procedures for Deactivation and Demobilizationof the SEOC:1. Develop deactivation criteria to include thefollowing situations:a. “State of offsite emergency” is liftedb. Individual agencies or units are nolonger requiredc. Coordination of response activitiesand resources is no longer requiredd. The incident has been contained andemergency response personnel havereturned to regular duties2. Develop deactivation procedures, whichshould include the followinga. The incident commander willdetermine when to initiatedeactivationb. Liaison officer(s) will notify specificagencies when they are no longerrequiredc. Liaison officer(s) will notify theappropriate agencies of the expectedtimeline for deactivationd. Copies will be made of all logs,reports, messages, and any otherdocuments used (and received) in theSEOCe. All response agencies and otherstakeholders should provide input forinclusion in an after action report(AAR). The AAR should be submittedwithin 90 days of incident as perMHISC Rules, and a copy should bemarked to GSDMA.3. Develop a general deactivation checklist forSEOC staff to follow.72 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

4PREPAREDNESS4.7.4 IMPROVEMENTS IN COMMUNICATIONS▪ Formal State Wide Communications Plan:Develop a state-wide communicationsinteroperability plan that governs internaland external communication during disastersituations. Ensure that the state widecommunication interoperability plan addressesthe continuity of operations to includeconsideration of critical components, networks,support systems, personnel, and an appropriatelevel of redundancy in communication systems.The end objective of this plan is to ensure a100% fail-proof communication capability forall response agencies, control rooms and otherresource agencies, as well communication withaffected public.Conduct State wide communication exercise tovalidate the interoperability of DEOC with theSEOC (see Section 4.3.1)4.7.5 SITUATIONAL AWARENESS• A CAMEO software suit developed by USEPAand NOAA will be used for planning ofresponse, database management of chemicals,identification of vulnerable zones for populationand infrastructural resources, key contactsdirectories and route mapping. It is availablefor free use and can be used effectively withinthe Indian context without any modifications.As Gujarat starts using CAMEO, learning fromthe experience, and developing capability forplanning and responding to chemical emergenciesusing DBMS and GIS, it can upgrade to othercommercially available GIS software.• Develop a programme and associate proceduresto ensure that a GIS based database managementand emergency response system is developed inthe state. Recommendations for such a systemare provided as a separate report.• Develop a training programme for basic andadvanced level of use of CAMEO software use byrequired control room and key response agencystaff. Keep track of training and credentials oflocal staff.• Emergency Response Guidebook (2012) canprovide quick and adequate information tofirst responders and others while more detailedmodelling and analysis is being conducted. ERG(2012) is available at http://phmsa.dot.gov/staticfiles/PHMSA/DownloadableFiles/Files/Hazmat/ERG2012.pdf and http://phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg• Mobile Apps for ERG (2012) are also availablefor free or at low price at http://www.androidzoom.com/android_applications/emergency+response+guidebook• Basic training of first responders and users ofERG (2012) is necessary, even though the guideis organized for easy understanding. Firstresponders will need a hard copy of the sametranslated into Gujarati.• Live monitoring at the peripheral areas ofvulnerable zones should be done for toxicity andconcentration of the hazardous chemicals suchthat the responders can quickly plan their tacticsfor response. Well-trained members of theHAZMAT response team can monitor the situationusing on-field sampling equipment. The livemonitoring data can be shared with DEOC andSEOC to aid decision making. Live monitoringis different from post-emergency atmosphericsampling and pollution surveillance conducted byGPCB.4.7.6 HIERARCHICAL HAZMAT RESPONSE SYSTEMDevelop a hierarchal response system within the statethat provides for a basic Hazardous Material responsecapacity within each district. Districts with the greatesthazards should be prioritized. The following levels ofHAZMAT teams will respond hierarchically.1. Local Emergency Response Team2. Regional Response Teams (RRT) at EmergencyResponse Centres (ERC)3. State Emergency Response TeamGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 73

4PREPAREDNESS4.7.7 EMERGENCY PUBLIC INFORMATIONEstablish formal procedure for coordinating with localand district entities to issue coordinated emergencypublic messages. Require a single state-level Informationand Media Officer to serve as the point of contact fordistrict-level officers. When an incident involves multipledistricts, identify a state-level procedure for controllingand coordinating all emergency public information. Animportant element of chemical emergency work with themedia is to keep them out of the danger zone so theydon’t become a part of the problem. This can be achievedby proactively providing media video, photographs, andcomplete information. Considering the media can alsobe a part of response efforts by informing the public,they should be involved in developing local, district,and state planning efforts related to public information.Often politicians and other VIPs visit the area for sakeof information and getting first-hand knowledge. Theyshould be kept away from the danger zone and be providedwith required information, photographs etc.4.7.8 MANAGEMENT OF DEADDevelop the capacity of all districts to manage a largenumber of fatalities in order to appropriately enhancethe state’s management of dead capability. To supportdistrict-level capabilities, develop a plans and proceduresto locate, activate, mobilize, and provide additionalpersonnel, transportation, last rites, and temporary coldstorage for a mass fatality incident as per guidelinesissued by NDMA.4.7.9 MASS CAREEnsure that each district has identified appropriatestructures or buildings to be used as emergencyshelters following a chemical or industrial incident.Appropriateness of structure to protect against chemicalleaks will be verified regularly. Develop each district’sability to manage distribution of bulk commodities tosupport emergency shelter(s). Ensure self-sufficiency ofdistrict shelters (e.g., access to water and restrooms)and the shelter staff’s ability to communicateeffectively with DEOC. Develop each district’scapacity to provide personnel to manage and operateemergency shelter(s).4.8 MEDICAL PREPAREDNESS FOR CHEMICALEMERGENCIESMedical preparedness is aimed to prepare medical andother authorities to develop the capacity of first respondersand upgrade infrastructure so that they can handle amass casualty event. Emergency medical units shouldcollaborate with stakeholders to develop, implement andmaintain a comprehensive strategy to prepare for, respondto, and recover from health emergencies of known andunknown origins. While this DMP includes a plan for anemergency medical response, the Department of Healthmust prepare comprehensive state and district levelmedical emergency management plans with a focus onpreparedness and resource planning to deal with all typesof hazards including chemical hazards. Such plans, whendeveloped, will be referred to in this DMP. The followingis only a stop gap arrangement and does not underminethe acute need for comprehensive medical preparednessand response plans by the Department of Health.4.8.1 GUJARAT MEDICAL EMERGENCY SERVICESACTGujarat Medical Emergency Services Act (2007) is one ofthe earliest efforts in the country to regulate EMS in thecountry. The act provides for identification of, partneringwith and regulating the performance and accountabilityof EMS hospitals and ambulance services. The act allowsmakes provisions for: (a) technical and financial assistancefor EMS; (b) planning, accreditation, certification andlicensing; and (c) training of EMS responders and doctors.This act will be useful in context of CDMP and should beread in conjunction with applicable NDMA guidelines timeto time. Particularly this act can be used to integratethe role of 108 as MFR for chemical emergencies, theirtraining, and coordination of 108 with other EMS resources.4.8.2 ESTABLISH A PUBLIC PRIVATEPARTNERSHIP TO AUGMENT MEDICAL RESOURCESPublic private partnership models should be developedas a part of the medical preparedness plan, as 70% ofmedical resources in the country lie within the privatesector. It should include the following activities:• Identification of private resources74 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

4PREPAREDNESS• Classification as per their level-of care andresponse capability• Pre-disaster agreements regarding managementof mass casualty events• Inclusion of a corporate social responsibilityclause to assist in disaster response whileallotting the land for hospitals• Linkage of other public sector hospitals likerailways, ESI, and others in defence sector shouldbe part of planning strategy.4.8.3 ESTABLISH A CHEMICAL-SPECIFICMEDICAL MANAGEMENT PROCESSA chemical-specific medical management process for thetreatment of exposed/contaminated patients requires adescription of impact inclusive of synonyms, appearance,routes of exposure, potential for secondary contamination,physical properties table, sources and uses, and its healtheffects (organ systems affected by acute exposure,potential sequel, effects of chronic exposure).It defines the need of pre-hospital management organizedby hot/warm zone, decontamination zone, and supportzone (personal protection, decontamination, support,triage, transportation) at the incident site within thegolden hour. An organized decontamination area andCritical Care Area (specific medical procedures to treat theexposed patient, patient disposition) should be defined.Evacuation of patients should be based on incident sitetriage having Patient Information Sheet (the exposure andits potential effects, follow-up instructions) is essential.Chemicals can be differentiated on the basis of toxic,moderately toxic, or least toxic. The management ofany chemical at incident site should be done as per theinformation given in Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS).International Chemical Safety Cards are also available formost of the hazardous substances and include informationon first aid measures.4.8.4 CREATION OF TRAINED MEDICAL FIRSTRESPONDER (MFR)Trained MFR should be available at the incident site aswell as at the reception area of the hospital to carryouttriage, medical decontamination, resuscitation, etc. Thisneeds to match the district’s vulnerability to chemicalemergencies and other natural risks in the area. A trainingprogramme and participation of private industry are keyin these efforts.4.8.5 FORMATION OF QUICK RESPONSE MEDICALTEAM (QRMT)QRMT is a designated group of healthcare clinicianswho can be assembled quickly to deliver critical careexpertise in response to grave clinical deterioration of avictim at chemical incident site itself, if the site can besafely accessed. QRMTs may consist of the following staffpositions: a) Physician – senior resident or hospitalist; b)Physician’s assistant; c) Critical care unit Specialists; d)Clinical nurse specialist and; e) Respiratory therapist.They all need to be trained in managing victims ofchemical incidence. The QRMT has several key roles:• Assessing and stabilizing the victim’s conditionthrough effective resuscitation measures• Performing incident site medical decontamination• Organizing information to be communicated tothe hospital care settings• Educating and supporting the ambulance staffwhile transferring a victim• If circumstances warrant, assisting with victim’stransfer to a higher level of care.4.8.6 ELECTRONIC SYSTEM FOR TRACKING EMSUNITS DURING MAJOR DISASTERSWork with EMS partner agencies to assess the possibility oftracking ambulances on a real-time basis. GVK-EMRI hasdeveloped these capabilities for 108 ambulances. Sucha capability should be extended to all ambulances thatwill respond to chemical disasters. Explore the possibilityof procuring new equipment or technology upgrades toensure such a capability exists for large-scale orcomplex disasters.4.8.7 CREATION OF STATIONARY AND MOBILEDECONTAMINATION FACILITIESThe medical posts within the factory should have astation decontamination facility for the incident sitedecontamination/primary treatment to safeguard theGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 75

4PREPAREDNESSRESPONSIBLE OFFICERINCIDENT COMMANDERDEPUTYINFORMATION & MEDIA OFFICERLIAISON OFFICERSAFETY OFFICEROPERATIONS SECTION PLANNING SECTION LOGISTICS SECTIONStaging AreaResourceUnitResponseBranchTransportationBranchSituationUnitServiceBranchSupportBranchFinanceBranchDivision(Geographical)Group(Functional)(Single ResourceTask Force/ Strike Team)ROADRAILWATERAIRDocumentationUnitDembilizationUnitCommunicationUnitMedicalUnitFoodUnitResouceProvisioningUnitFacilitiesUnitGroundSupportUnitTimeUnitCopensation/ Claim UnitProcurementUnitCostUnitFigure 13. Incident Response Team Structure according to the IRS Recommended by the NDMA76 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

4PREPAREDNESSFigure 14. Example of Incident Response Team Structure for Chemical Emergencies at State LevelGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 77

4PREPAREDNESSFigure 15. Schematic of Emergency Response Mechanism (Structure and Process)78 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

4PREPAREDNESSvictim. There should be at least two medical postsperpendicular to each other with an appropriateevacuation route and assembly point to ensure that windflows in the opposite direction of the leak. DISH mayencourage the industry to take appropriate action in thisregard.Mobile Decontamination Facility should also be plannedeither through mutual aid or by District Administration.There should be stationary decontamination units athospitals to ensure that hospitals are safe for use.Under no circumstances shall a person be allowed toeven enter a medical facility without decontamination.Improper or no decontamination can potentially cripplethe medical response capacity so that all local hospitalswill be sensitized for decontamination and procedures forthe same.4.8.8 UNIFORM CASUALTY PROFILE ANDCLASSIFICATION OF CASUALTIESMedical officers will develop a prototype ofcasualty profiles and their antidotes, based on thetype of toxicants.A uniform profile will also bemade for secondary injuries so that the treatmentcan be standardized.4.8.9 UPGRADING POISON CENTRES /TOXICOLOGICAL LABORATORYIt is essential to upgrade Poison Centres at the regionallevel with a network of toxicological laboratories locatedin closer vicinity to determine the nature of chemicalsusing advanced analytical technologies. It is essentialto have such facilities at the local level to ensure thatchemical identification is fast and accurate, especiallyin case of transition species. The recommendation forlive monitoring in the previous section has identified theneed for field sampling. However, often the equipmentfor on-field detection of toxic gases is limited to a fewchemicals and it can also be very expensive. Therefore,quick collection on-field and immediate testing in a locallaboratory is important to identify the type and effect ofthe chemical. The national poison information centre atAIIMS should be continuously linked up to undertake firsthandinformation based on symptomology.4.8.10 PLAN FOR ONSITE MEDICAL RESOURCEINVENTORYThe MAH units should develop their own Medical Risk andResource Inventory. GSDMA may develop guidelines for thesame and cause the industry to maintain these as a partof their onsite plans required under MSIHC rules. Medicalresource inventory should be established based on onsiterisk assessment including:• Ambulances, medical post, basic life support,trauma support, initial management of burn/toxiccare, resuscitation equipment, and ventilatorsshould be made available• Personal Protection Equipment are essential tobe stocked• Trained QRTs and stationed medical doctor/paramedical staff• Special stocks of antidotes as needed.4.8.11 PROVISION FOR MOBILE HOSPITAL /MOBILE TEAMThe mobile hospital/medical teams are essential torelieve the pressure from the earmarked hospital,especially in the case of combined disaster emergencies.The capacity of a mobile hospital depends on themagnitude of the disaster and population to betreated. Such cases are applicable to chemical leaks assecondary disasters, as observed in the case of the BhujEarthquake. The state can support the district developthis capacity with appropriate funding and training.District preparedness capabilities should ensure thatfour triage categories of victims and affected populationreceive sufficient vehicles for evacuation to assemblyareas, temporary shelters, or to designated hospitals.Procedure and systems should be developed so that underno circumstances does a victim enter a medical facility—especially a hospital) –prior to decontamination.4.8.12 STOCKING FOR ANTIDOTES AND CHEMICALCASUALTY TREATMENT KITA proper chemical casualty treatment kit has acomposition of burn care, first aid for ABC and advancesupport care, trauma care, and specialised antidotesGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 79

4PREPAREDNESSand essential medicines, etc. It is essential to developmitigation reserves at the district level to ensure theavailability of required materials at right time. Theantidotes required for chemical incidences along withthe essential medicines need to be stocked at locationsto ensure their availability in the least possible amountof time to site where it is required. In addition, directstocking at the responder level ensures their safety andvictim’s safety too. The primary sites for stocking are MAHunits- medical posts, ambulances, and earmarked healthfacilities for both public and private sector.4.8.13 DEVELOP CRISIS MANAGEMENT PLAN ATHOSPITALSA crisis management plan will be prepared by allearmarked hospitals. The responsibility for preparationand implementation of the plan should lie with themedical superintendent of the hospital. The crisismanagement plan or hospital disaster managementplan should cater for surge capacity, continuousinformation exchange with other hospitals, temporarymakeshift arrangements for mass casualties, etc. Thehospital disaster management plan should cater for thedevelopment of facilities to conduct a set of minimaltests and follow ups to ensure the toxicological impactof chemical. A hospital disaster management plan hasthe following components:• Specify the roles and responsibilities identifiedfor managing chemical disasters. This shouldinclude identification of a hospital incidentcommand system, the command nucleus, thequick response teams, etc.• The contact details of the members of thecommand nucleus and quick response teams• Plan for and participate in offsite drills• Regular updating of hospital disastermanagement plans• Develop capacities to handle large number ofcasualties, a contingency plan for bed expansion,and decontamination facilities• Training of medical personnel• Antidote stocking and procurement plan• Plan for availability of sufficient quantity of othermedical stores such as antibiotics, other drugsand life- support equipment, oxygen, continuouspositive air pressure (CPAP) ventilators, dialysisfacilities, blood and IV fluid for transfusion, andothers• Procedures for accurate accounting of morbidityand mortality data.4.9 STAKEHOLDER ROLES ANDRESPONSIBILITIES IN PREPAREDNESSThe table below summarizes the key activities required forprevention and mitigation and the responsible agencies.Table 11. Stakeholder Roles in Preparedness at State LevelPRIMARY STAKEHOLDER /PREPAREDNESS ACTIVITY /SECONDARYRESPONSIBILITY AT THEACTIONSRESPONSIBILITY/STATE LEVEL1 Development of preparedness work plans Off-site response agencies –SERT, SCG, GSDMAState level fire department, ERC,RRT, Emergency Medical Services,State Police department , etc.2 Overall disaster management planning GSDMA SCG LCG, DCG, DDMA3 Strengthening the synchronization ofDISHGSDMA, SCGonsite and district /local offsite Plans4 Develop emergency responder safetyguidelinesDISHGSDMA, SCG80 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

4PREPAREDNESScontinued from page 80...PREPAREDNESS ACTIVITY /ACTIONS5 Develop guidelines for reporting andimmediate intimation of hazardouschemical leakage6 Developing and Implementing a formalafter action reporting system7 Development of GIS based database forplanning information8 Guidelines for off-site mock drills andSupport and Training for Improving theCapability for and Effectiveness of OffsiteMock DrillsPRIMARY STAKEHOLDER /RESPONSIBILITY AT THESTATE LEVELDISH, GPCBDISHGSDMAGSDMA, DISH, SCG,SECONDARYRESPONSIBILITY/GSDMA, SCGGSDMA, SCGDCLCG, DCG, DDMA Allother agencies with rolein CDMP9 Developing of Specialized TrainingCourse on an Integrated and CoordinatedEmergency Response System10 Development and Implementation ofa Chemical Emergency CommunityAwareness and Preparedness Strategy11 Enhance chemical Disaster ResponseCapacity through establishment of unifiedstate level fire services, IRS, SERT, RRT,LERT12 Plan for Training, Equipment andResources for HAZMAT Response13 Public Private Partnerships (PPP) forDisaster Response through expansionof Mutual Aid between industries,replication of DPMC model, PPP torespond to road emergencies, mutual aidbetween districts, mutual aid with PortAuthorities, Airport Authority of Indiaand Western Railways HAZCHEM14 Strengthening of the ResponseMechanism through establishment ofthe Incident response system, incidentintimation process, improved controlroom management , communications,hierarchical HAZMAT response system,Emergency public information, mass careand management of deadGIDMGSDMA, SCGState Fire Department (proposed),Urban Development Department,GSDMAState Fire Department, SERT, RRT,LERT, Police , EMS, DMPCGSDMA, SCGGSDMA, SCG, SEOCDISH, PESO, GPCBDDMA, DCG ,LCGIndustrySCG, local firedepartment, DCG,DDMA, Other off-siteresponse agenciesGSDMA,SCGERC, Ports Authority,DoT, AAI, WesternRailwaysDDMA, DEOC,DCGcontinued to page 82...GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 81

4PREPAREDNESScontinued from page 81...PREPAREDNESS ACTIVITY /ACTIONS15 Medical Preparedness for ChemicalEmergencies- including PPP, formationof trained medical first responder, QRMT,stationary and mobile decontaminationfacilities, identification of poison centres,mobile hospital, antidotes planning andcrisis management planning at hospitalsPRIMARY STAKEHOLDER /RESPONSIBILITY AT THESTATE LEVELDepartment of HealthSECONDARYRESPONSIBILITY/Chief district medicalofficer, Chief districtHealth officer82 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

55RESPONSERESPONSE5.1 SITUATION OVERVIEW1. All the hazardous process industries listed in thefirst schedule of the Factories Act, 1948 mustdraw up an onsite emergency plan and establishdisaster control measures in consultation withDISH. The responsibility for the activation of theonsite emergency plan lies with the management.In Gujarat, all MAH units have prepared theironsite emergency plans. Many of these industriesin Vadodara, Ankleshwar, and Surat havedeveloped chemical safety programmes based onmutual aid. A number of initiatives in chemicaland industrial safety have been taken up by theindustries themselves. All factories have showndue diligence in instituting safety managementmechanisms in their premises, in accordancewith the provisions of the Factories Act.2. Districts having Major Accident Hazard (MAH)installations have prepared Offsite EmergencyPlans for chemical and hazardous substances.These offsite plans are updated every year. LCGwise pockets plan are required to be preparedas per CAEPPR Rules but currently the districtoffsite plan includes information about each LCGwithout separate LCG level pocket plans.3. All the participating agencies in chemical andindustrial disaster response such as the police, fireservices, and medical services have participatedin mock exercises. According to CAEPPR Rules,a full-scale mock drill of each district offsiteemergency plan is an annual requirement. Afull scale mock drill at LCG level needs to beconducted twice in an year.4. Limited technical capability to respond tochemical emergencies is available with chemicalindustries, especially the larger units. Mostunits have the basic capability to deal withcommon and small intensity emergencies. Somelarge chemical units have automated and activecontrol measures, adequate response equipment,and a well-trained response staff. Largerchemical industries also help local authorities inresponding to chemical emergencies elsewhereon request but not as obligation.5. Technical ability of public response agencies torespond to chemical emergencies in terms ofqualified man power and adequate equipmentis negligible except in a few larger fire stationsfor fires caused by chemicals (but not toxic leaksor toxic by product of fire). The public agenciessuch as police, fire and medical play a supportingrole such as site security, evacuation, searchand rescue whereas the industry is expected toprovide response to control and then eliminatethe hazard posed during emergency.5.2 PLANNING ASSUMPTIONS1. It is assumed that all MAH industries will reviseonsite plans as per the guidelines referred inSection 4.2.2 so that the onsite plans are easilycoordinated with offsite plans and provideactionable information for response in a caseof emergency. Further, we assume that smallerType A and Type B units have also prepared onsiteplans. Overall, we assume that information onthe chemical unit where the incident happensis completely and accurately available to publicresponse agencies.2. It is the responsibility of agencies and theirofficials listed under this plan to prepare apreparedness action plan to discharge theirassigned role as per Section 4.1. It is assumed thatthe preparedness levels of the response agenciessuch as fire brigade, police, medical care, andother agencies have reached the desired levels.3. It is assumed that this state CDMP is annexed byemergency response plan for isolated storages,sea (major and minor) ports, airports, railways,road transport, pipelines that respectivedepartments have prepared as recommended inSection 4.6.GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 83

5RESPONSE4. Wherever applicable, mutual aid agreements toconduct joint mock drills, share resources andprovide coordinated response exist betweenindustries, between industries in local authorities,between different public agencies (hospitals,police, railway, fire etc.), between localauthorities and private resources (e.g., hospitals,antidote vendors, etc.), and between neighbouringdistricts exist as per recommendations inSection 4.6.5. The chemical industry will report accidents assoon as the quantity threshold recommended inSection 4.2.4 is exceeded without waiting forthe emergency to have potential for or actuallyresult in offsite consequence. Local authoritieswill initiate actions to save lives and protectproperty. State and national disaster assistance,when provided, will support and supplement, notsubstitute the response provided by districts.6. Emergency response actions by all responseagencies are well planned, coordinated, andregularly exercised / drilled by local and districtauthorities as per Section 4.3.17. Respective agencies who have a role in theresponse have been given proper orientation orsensitization and training, as per their roles asrecommended in Section 4.3.2. All respondersare provided with proper PPE and equipment asper Section 4.5. Further, first responders areprovided with emergency response guidebook2012 as recommended in Section 4.7.5, so theycan immediately assess the danger and initialisolation and protection zones.8. It is assumed that response to chemicalemergencies will be provided as per incidentresponse system (IRS) recommended in Section4.7.1. It is assumed that all local/district/stateauthorities have identified and trained incidentcommanders, and formed SERT, RRT and LERT.9. There is a state-level fire department established,as recommended in Section 4.4.3, that can directfire-fighting resources from other fire brigades,as per the need of LERT, RRT or SERT.10. All LERT, RRT, SERT and fire stations in supportingroles are well equipped with specialist manpowerand equipment resources to deal with chemicalemergencies along with a regular trainingat different levels of response functions, asrecommended in Section 4.5.11. All local, district and state-level control rooms arewell staffed and equipped to coordinate responseto chemical emergencies, as recommended inSection 4.7.3. State-wide communication plan isimplemented and interoperability exercises areregularly conducted, as recommended in Section4.7.4.12. Hazardous substances involved in an incidentcan be identified within a reasonable period oftime. It is possible to quickly assess the potentialdamage, identify protective actions, and planthe response using GIS based decision supportdatabase and software, and live monitoring usingfield equipment, as recommended in Section4.2.6 and Section 4.7.5. Responders (supportfunctions) have a copy of ERG 2012 guidebook asrecommended in Section 4.7.5.13. The population most likely to be affected byemergencies are regularly trained on whatprotective measures may be used, expectedresponse actions, and preparations needed toimplement these actions as per Section 4.3.3. Itis assumed that most of the citizens potentiallyaffected (including evacuees) will cooperatewith local officials and follow recommendedprotective actions. Such measures couldinclude evacuation instructions for relocation todesignated reception or shelter areas.5.3 EMERGENCY RESPONSE ORGANIZATIONSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSSection 4.7.1 describes the IRS recommended asEmergence Response structure and system. Figure 13 and14depicts the emergency response structure as per IRT.Figure 15 provides a simplified notation of the process ofemergency response as per the IRS for decision making,84 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

5RESPONSEcommunication and response during emergency. Thisprocess is common irrespective of the type of hazardor where it happens. The first responder on site may bedifferent, the qualified IC may be different, the type ofresponse needed may be different, the members of predesignatedIRT maybe different as per emergency type,but the process at all time is scalable, flexible, withunified command, and provides hierarchal response.Figure 16 is simplified step-by-step response mechanism.5.4 CONCEPT OF EMERGENCY OPERATIONS5.4.1 TRIGGER MECHANISM1. The occupier / manager of the establishmentresponsible for releasing or discharging ahazardous chemical will notify incident theappropriate LCR (if available) and DEOC (whetheror not LCR exists, DEOC should be notified) asper the guidelines in Section 4.2.4. Industry canadditionally report to local control rooms ofUnit / Accident SitePublicOther RespondersLCG / Local controlroom (official LCR.Can be ECC ofmutual aid)Actions(1) Alert DC / SDM(2) Alter DEOC(3) DEOC will alertSEOC (if required)OptionsDEOC or LCR alert designated First Responder Teamsnearest mutual aid, fire, police, medical teams respond, LERT is onhigh alert or responds if nearbyFirst Responder On-SceneNo Action. Repors back “NO ACTION” to DEOC, LCRIdentifies Needs for Response. Request LERT through DEOCEstablish temporary IPC. Be SafeNotify DEOCLCR follows the control room proceduresDISH/GPCB only ifformal notification isrequired underMSIHC within 48hoursResponsible Officer (SDM), mutual aid personnel,and other members of IRT report to LCR as per planICP is established on sceneCommunication between LCR and ICP establishedIf LCR determines the need, DEOC isnotified for district / state supportDEOC/SEOC coordinates district/state reponsesupport, sends RRT and/or SERT as neededDistrict / State level personnel maytake over as IC at the ICP.Logistic and Admin support to ICP and DEOCIncident Commander (IC) established.Required members of IRT join IC.LERT provides qualified responseOther Response agencies conductpre-assigned dutiesIf exceed LERT capacity, LERTnotifies DEOC for RRT or SERTRRT, SERT provide response support if neededRecovery phase actionsFigure 16. Emergency Response Process as per IRS (for locations without local control room)GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 85

5RESPONSEmutual aid partners, GVK 108, and local fire andpolice departments, as per the local emergencyresponse plans, but these agencies are notauthorized to receive the official notification ofoffsite emergency; DEOC and LCR of LCG are.a. Gujarat State Control Room is located on theground floor of Block No. 2, New Sachivalaya,Gandhinagar. The telephone numbersare 079- 23251900/ 23251902/23251908/23251914 and Fax is 079-23251916. SEOC tollfree number is 1070.b. DEOC can be reached by toll free number1077 by the occupier.c. It is recommended that there be “one”emergency contact number 108 for generalpublic. 108 can handle high volume of calls,has well secured central communicationcenter, stable computer assisted dispatch,and coordinated police, medical, and firedispatch capability. However, 108 does nothave the statutory authority to receivenotification of offsite emergency from thechemical industry. If 108 receives such call,they should forward the same to the DEOCto coordinate qualified response. 108 musttrain its responders to recognize chemicalemergencies and remain safe and follow thedirections of the ICd. The trigger mechanism is purposivelyredundant with respect to report and alertsto both DEOC and LCR of the LCG even if LCRcan report to DEOCe. If response by offsite agencies is indeednecessary, then DEOC will notify the districtcollector and declare offsite emergencyunder his direction. DISH and GPCB regionalofficers are required to be notified by theoccupier in the case of offsite emergencieswithin 48 hours, as per MSIHC Rules2. The occupier should provide the followinginformation to LCR / DEOC.a. Name and telephone number ofcontact person.b. Name of the chemical(s) released.c. An indication of whether the substance isextremely hazardous.d. An estimate of the quantity released intothe environment.e. Estimated time and duration of the release.f. Whether the release occurred into air, water,and/or land.g. Any known or anticipated acute or chronichealth risks associated with the emergency,and where necessary, advice regardingmedical attention for exposed individuals.h. Suggested protective actions such asevacuation or sheltering in place.3. A written accident report should be submittedby the occupier to the Local Crisis Group (LCG),District Crisis Group (DCG) as per MSIHC Ruleswithin 48 hours on basis of debriefing postemergency. A more detailed follow-up reportshould be submitted within 90 days. DCG shouldsubmit such report to SCG and GSDMA, the SCGor DCG should report these in CAIRS developed byMOEF or State’s own accident reporting system.The follow-up report must update informationincluded in the initial notice and provideinformation on actual response actions taken andadvice regarding medical attention necessary forcitizens exposed.4. Warning the public in immediate vicinity: leaksof highly toxic chemicals can result in veryhigh concentration in the immediate vicinity ofthe leak for a few hundred meters within fewminutes. In this zone, no external responseis possible to save lives. Therefore, the beststrategy is to ensure no residential population orother sensitive receptors in such a zone aroundthe unit. Unfortunately, such buffering is oftennot available in reality. Therefore, if the onsiteplan of the industry has identified that communityin the immediate vicinity will be affected withina short period time – too short a period of time86 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

5RESPONSEto inform district/local authorities, properlyassess the situation to determine what protectiveactions are needed, and then inform communityas per the instruction of the IC – then thereshould be provisions for sounding alarms forimmediate evacuations. It must be recognizedthat in this zone there can be fatalities even ifan alarm is sounded within a few minutes of aleak depending upon the nature of the leak andchemical properties. Also, the success of alarmdepends on the preparedness of the communitythrough regular training and awareness activities.There are two options as per the discretionof DCG:a. One, the DCG may have installed publicalarms at critical locations throughout thedistrict and sound those alarms through DEOCor LCR. DEOC/LCR and DEOC/LCR may soundalarm after seeking immediate approval fromthe RO or as per pre-authorization from theRO as the case may beb. Second, the DCG and the RO has assignedthe responsibility of sounding alarm to theindustry and industry has installed suchalarms. Industry can sound alarms as perdirection of DEOC.5. Course of Action Following the Trigger (describedin more detail in subsequent sections):a. Formal Notification Process is initiated asper MSIHC Rules if the response by offsiteagencies is requiredb. Protective Actions are identified andimplemented based on scenario unfoldingc. Emergency Alerts are disseminated tothe publicd. Local emergency response teamsare activated.5.4.2 SET UP OF THE INCIDENT COMMAND POST1. Responding police officers, GVK-EMRI 108, localmedical department and/or fire departments willreceive the report of incident from DEOC officiallyor from the public or the occupier directly.2. Ideally the fire department will be the firston-scene response agency, but police, EMRIambulances, or other public agencies may alsoreach the site first. Irrespective, the agency whoreaches first should determine a safe locationfor the Incident Command Post (ICP), gatherall essential information, and report situationdetails to the DEOC. The DEOC will disseminatethis information to LERT and others as required.3. The first responders will immediately determineprotective action recommendations as per theiractions as per ERG (2012) unless instructedotherwise by the RO or IC.5.4.3 ASSESS THE SITUATION1. DEOC (or LCR) will obtain MSDS for the leakedchemical from onsite plan of the industry orother sources to understand potential hazards,control measures, medical treatment, and otherdetails. CAMEOfm has MSDS information forhundreds of chemicals. DEOC will also use CAMEOsuit (ALOHA, MARPLOT) to the extent informationabout the incident is available. SEOC will supportin these activities if help is needed by DEOC.2. LERT will conduct further monitoring and assessthe situation whenever they arrive at the ICP. RRTand SERT may conduct more rigorous situationalanalysis if the need arises.3. Situational assessment will continue throughoutthe response through modelling software and livemonitoring.5.4.4 STAFFING AND ACTIVITIES OF SEOC1. SEOC staff in as per existing procedures willdecide whether and which members of SCGs andGSDMA or other personnel as a part of state IRTneed to be convened at SEOC to deal with theemergency situation.2. State Chief Secretary, Secretary of Labour andEmployment Department, Secretary RevenueDepartment and Relief Commissioner, and CEOGSDMA or their designated representatives formGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 87

5RESPONSEthe core of SCG and form the command, withChief Secretary as the head.3. All communication channels with responders,technical experts, regulatory bodies, DEOC, otherlocal control rooms if any will be established bySEOC as per the need to coordinate support fromout of the district. DEOC (or LCR) will continue tocoordinate the response activities at the incidentsite along with ICP. It is expected that SEOC,DEOC, and LCR have fail-proof communicationsystems and up-to-date contact information.4. SEOC will gather all required onsite plans, offsiteplans, action plans, GIS based CAMEO suit (ALOHA+ MARPLOT + CAMEOfm), database of resourceavailable within the district, neighbouringdistricts, ERC (RRT), SERT, private industry, etc.5. Disaster information is managed by the SEOCthrough the IMO as per IRT. This representative(s)will collect information, analyse information,and disseminate information to state- and locallevelcounterparts as needed.6. SEOC will assess the overall situation anddetermine whether the CCG at MoEF should benotified. The Ministry of Environment and Forestshas set up a Control Room in Room No.705, 7thFloor, B-Block, Paryavaran Bhavan, CGO Complex,Lodi Road, New Delhi-110003. The contactinformation is as follows: During Office Hours:011 24360734 (Phone), 011 24360678 (Fax), 01124363577 (Fax). Off-hours and Holidays: 01124360734 (Phone), 31-66185 DOE-In (TELEX), 31-63015 WILD-IN (TELEX).7. If required, SEOC will seek national level supportfrom NDMA and NDRF as well.a. 6 th NDRF Battalion at Gandhinagar: 079-23202540 (tel), 079-23201551 (fax),09428826445 (cell)b. NDRF Head Quarter Control Room: 011-26107953 (tel), 011-26105912 (fax),09711448595 (cell)c. NDMA Control Room: 011-26701728 (tel),9868891803 (cell)5.4.5 SELECT PROTECTIVE ACTION(S)1. Post intimation of emergency/ incident, the LERTwill rush to the scene and assess if response byoffsite agencies is required in discussion withsite controller and/or incident controller. Ifyes, protective actions will be determined onbasis of situational awareness. If not, the LERTwill stay on scene until the onsite personnel caneffectively control the leak and LERT will leaveafter ascertaining that emergency is tackled.Next steps assume that offsite response isneeded.2. The DEOC will notify all the response agencies onthe salient aspects of the hazard identification,required PPE, and possible ways to control it. Thiscould be on the basis of the MSDS of chemicals,CAMEO chemicals or discussion with experts.Note, this activity may have to be supported bythe SEOC in case the information is not availableat the DEOC.3. Use of CAMEO suite software and ERG (2012)will provide estimates of potential damage andhelp in determining the protective actions to theresponders rushing to the site.4. The DEOC will consult with the IC to determineappropriate protective actions to ensure thehealth and safety of local citizens as per predeterminedcriteria. Protective actions mayinclude evacuation and/or shelter in place orders.5.4.6 CONTROL THE HAZARD1. Establish Incident Command Post2. Declare emergencya. The district collector (for DCG) or SDM (forLCG) should formally declare a chemicalemergency is taking place if indeed this isthe case. In case of chemical emergencies,the ICP is established first and then DC /SDM will be reached as soon as possiblefor official notification and declaration ofoffsite emergency. A declaration is useful forconfirming that a chemical emergency hasoriginated, for accessing local, regional or88 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

5RESPONSEstate level resources, and to establish legalauthority for all responders to manage theemergency as per the plan.3. Activate Emergency Response Team(s) throughIRSa. Response to a chemical release will beimmediately and initially conducted by localordinary responders—medical/GVK-EMRI,fire fighters and police officers—that havebeen trained to assess a hazardous situation,request appropriate assistance, andcoordinate with the DEOC (basic awarenesstraining).b. LERT will respond first.c. If LERT capacity is not sufficient, RRT and/or the SERT will supplement local responsecapacity.d. The following triggers would necessitate theactivation of an RRT:i. Presence of a highly toxic chemical;ii. Presence of an highly hazardoussubstance in an uncontrolled releasesituation;iii. Fires or situations involving unknownhazardous substances;iv. Presence of a combination of chemicalsor compounds that create complexmixtures with unknown public healthor environmental consequences; orv. Large volume release of any hazardouschemical that has or is likely to impactthe general public or the environment.e. The following triggers would necessitate thedeployment of the SERT:i. Presence of a toxic and hazardouschemical where control of the sourcewill require extended resourcesbeyond the capacity of an RRTii. Release of highly hazardous chemicalin an uncontrolled situation wherethe monitoring equipment or personalprotective equipment (PPE) neededfor safe operations is not availablewith the RRTiii. Fires or releases involving unknownchemicals where the documentation,monitoring or sampling capabilitiesare beyond the capacity of the RRTiv. Presence of a combination of chemicalsor compounds that create complexmixtures with unknown public healthor environmental consequences wherethe documentation, monitoring, orsampling requirements are beyond thecapacity of RRTv. Large volume release of any hazardouschemical that has or is likely to impactthe general public or the environmentthat are beyond the capacity of a RRT.4. Implement Protective Action(s)a. Warn the public as per advice of IC, and DCG/LCG members.i. The appropriate public warningmessages and the system(s) to deliverthe message will be selected based onpre-scripted messages and mediaii. DEOC may establish and manage aphone bank or toll-free hotline toprovide emergency information tothe public.iii. For major emergencies, SEOC will alsosupport in information dissemination,media management, and providinglogistic and administrative support tothe district administration.b. Secure the sitei. Local police officers are responsiblefor traffic management, control ofthe impacted area, verification ofresponder credentials, and dailysecurityii. In the case of a complex, widespread,or long-term chemical disaster, localpolice departments may requestassistance from home guards,GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 89

5RESPONSEcivil defence groups, neighbouringdistricts force, or the state force bycoordinating through the DEOC.5. Ensure Site Safetya. The IC will ensure that a Site Safety Plan(SSP) is available prior to establishing controlzones and conducting initial reconnaissance.SSP can be prepared on basis of informationprovided by the industry in their onsite planas well as any incident specific information.All response team members will be briefedon the SSP. When a command is handed overto state level IC, the state level personnel atICP should be briefed on SSP as well. A SSPtemplate is provided as Appendix B.b. Control zones, established by IC, willbe communicated to all response teammembers, emergency medical services (EMS)agencies, and other field personnel.c. The other member of IRT at ICP (the safetyofficer to be specific) will support theevaluation of personal protective equipment(PPE) and review the SSP requirements forinitial reconnaissance.d. All entry team, rescue team, anddecontamination team members will undergoinitial medical monitoring prior to enteringthe site.e. The IC will identify an appropriatedecontamination process for responseteam members, and local fire fighters/EMSpersonnel will establish a decontaminationstation and contamination controls.f. Additional resources may be requestedfrom SEOC in the form of licensed medicalprofessionals, trained fire fighters,decontamination equipment, or consumabledecontamination supplies.6. Conduct Initial Reconnaissancea. The appropriate response team will verifyPPE requirements, conduct site monitoringto establish levels of concern, and assesscommunity exposure pathways.b. The DEOC will support the modelling of thechemical release scenario (if applicable) toassist the emergency response teams.c. RRT and SERT (state level response)are expected to have onsite modellingcapabilities (the list of equipment in Section4.5 includes laptops). However, SEOC mayhave to provide specialist modelling supportas well.7. Conduct Site Entry and Exita. Once specific response actions are identified,the relevant response team will don theappropriate PPE and execute the requiredmitigation tasks under the leadership of IC orOSC.b. If multiple entries are required, eachentry and exit will be followed bydecontamination, medical evaluation,and rotation through primaryresponse stations.c. When the situation is stabilized, theresponse team will exit the hot zone,undergo decontamination, be assessed bymedical personnel, rehabilitated as needed,and participate in a post-response debriefingwith incident command staff.5.4.7 PROVIDE SHORT-TERM RELIEF TO THEPUBLICThe DEOC will logistically support relief efforts and/ordeploy specialized personnel to provide medical screening,emergency medical care, documentation of medicaltreatment, temporary shelter, and basic necessities (i.e.,water and food) to citizens that were directly affected bythe chemical release. Immediate relief funds can also bereleased as per existing norms and procedures. SEOC willsupport DEOC in these functions if required. The IRT has aspecial logistics branch to coordinate such efforts.5.5 EMERGENCY MEDICAL RESPONSEEmergency medical units should collaborate withstakeholders to develop, implement and maintain a90 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

5RESPONSEcomprehensive strategy to prepare for, respond to,and recover from health emergencies of known andunknown origins. While this CDMP includes a plan foran emergency medical response, the Department ofHealth will prepare a comprehensive state level medicalemergency management plan as discussed earlier. Thefollowing is only a stop gap arrangement and does notundermine the acute need for a comprehensive medicalresponse plan by the Department of Health.5.5.1 RESPONSE CAPACITY ASSESSMENT ANDPLANNING DURING RESPONSEThe response capacity of health services should be assessedwith particular attention to determine the following: a)Availability of first-line and backup emergency medicalservices (including health personnel and facilities); b)Availability of protective equipment; c) Use of cleardiagnostic criteria, standard treatment regimens,and compliance with them; d) Availability of specificmedication (e.g. antidotes); e) Availability of facilities fordecontaminating exposed individuals (including healthworkers); and f) Vulnerability of the health facilities tothe chemicals.The Department of Health will assess the deploymentneeds of resources from outside, based on preliminaryfindings (e.g. qualified technical personnel, drugs,logistics, and communications support). The Departmentof Health will make take decisions on following issues:• Appropriate triage and case management• Appropriate care for those evacuated totemporary shelters• Collection, identification, and management ofdead victims• Advise SCG on possibility of evacuation versusshelter-in-place.5.5.2 RESPONSE BY QUICK RESPONSE MEDICALTEAM (QRMT)1. QRMT is a self-sufficient unit that providesa staging and triage base for evaluation andmanagement at chemical incident site prior totransporting a victim to a hospital. QRMTs shouldbe activated immediately with the followingconsiderations:a. Additional QRMT teams should be activatedas soon as the need has been assessedb. Proper communication must be establishedbetween DEOCs/ ERCs, designated healthcare units, district level health care responseunits, and concerned tertiary care healthfacilitiesc. Rapid Diagnostic kits must be available todiagnose the chemical agent and therebyprovide proper treatmentd. Psychosocial support should be given to theworried well category of affected communitye. Specialized ambulances, various medical kitsfor pre-hospital care, and a special vehiclemust be available at the incident site so as toprovide adequate diagnostic and specializedtreatment support for all the contaminatedvictims.2. The chemical incident victim requires immediateresuscitation measures at incident site andevacuation in specialized vehicles. An emergencymedical service exists to fulfil the basic principlesof first aid in contaminated zones, which areto Preserve Life, Prevent Further Injury, andPromote Recovery. Following six stages / actionsshould be followed by medical responders as pertheir training on the same.a. Early detection of chemical agentand design of medical responsestrategy accordingly.b. Early reporting: The police force at theincident site will call the emergency medicalservices and provide details to enable aspecialized response.c. Early response: QRMTs will arrive at the siteas quickly as possible, enabling pre-hospitalcare to begin.d. Good on-scene care: The emergencymedical service provides appropriate andtimely interventions to treat the victimsand incident site decontamination at preestablishedmedical post itself.GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 91

5RESPONSEe. Care in transit: The emergency medicalservice loads the patient into a suitable,specialized transport vehicle and continuesto provide appropriate medical carethroughout the journey to reduce mortalityand morbidity in the golden hour.f. Transfer to definitive care: The patient ishanded over to an appropriate care setting,wherein hospital level decontamination andnecessary treatment including antidotes etc.,will follow.3. The definition of key concepts of medical responseare as followsa. Triage: Triage is the process of determiningthe priority of patients’ treatments basedon the severity of their condition. Triagemay result in determining the order andpriority of emergency treatment, the orderand priority of emergency transport, or thetransport destination for the patient. Thosewho have been very close to the leak site arehighly intoxicated and should be given higherpriority.b. Resuscitation: Resuscitation is a series ofactions taken to establish normal breathing,heart rate, and response in a victim withabnormal vital signs. It uses a systematicapproach, based on airway, breathing, andcirculation to assess and treat a victimintoxicated by gases.c. Decontamination: Decontamination is thereduction or removal of chemical agents frombody. Three basic methods of decontaminationare physical removal, chemical deactivation,and biological deactivation of the agent.5.5.3 SEARCH AND RESCUEIn the case of a leak of chemicals, sheltering-in-placeand/or evaluation need to be done as per the planningand specifics of the incident that is unfolding. However,once the chemical incident is in a phase where thefirst responder can enter an affected area either usingpersonal protective equipment or when the chemicalcloud is of low enough concentration, search and rescueof an affected population is a key task. Each local areaand district should decide which agency or agencies willconduct the search and rescue. Search and rescue can bedone by police, /or fire first responders onsite. However,such activities must happen only as per direction of theresponse commander. Proper coordination between allresponse agencies tasked with search and rescue is a mustand requires thorough joint planning and joint practice innon-emergency time.5..5.4 EVACUATION OF CASUALTIES FROMINCIDENT SITEThe most basic emergency medical services are providedas a transport operation only to take patients from theirlocation to the nearest medical treatment. Generallyspeaking, the levels of service available will fall intoone of three categories; Basic Life Support (BLS),Advanced Life Support (ALS) and an Intermediate LifeSupport (ILS). Transportation of casualties should occurin ambulances fitted with state of art equipment andtrained MFRs. The system should work in coherence withEMS system of district.5.5.5 ACTIVATION OF CRISIS MANAGEMENT ATHOSPITALS1. In the case of chemical disasters, the crisismanagement at hospital shall be immediatelyactivated by triggering inbuilt mechanisms forprompt emergency medical response. The stepstaken in the first few minutes will determinethe effectiveness of disaster mitigation. QuickReaction Medical Teams (QRMTs) with PPE willreach the accident site immediately alongwith resuscitation, protection, detection, anddecontamination equipment and materials.Resuscitation, triage, and evacuation work mustbe done as per SOPs.2. In hospitals, the disaster victims shall bedecontaminated and kept in a clean, specialward. Initially, based on early symptoms, the typeof chemical is assumed, symptomatic treatmentinitiated, and an antidote administered. Bloodis then analysed to find out the exact chemical92 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

5RESPONSEagents and further course of treatment isdecided. All supportive treatment must be givenin the hospital immediately.3. The hospital casualty room should be wellequippedwith resuscitation equipment such asoxygen cylinders, suction apparatus, airways,laryngoscopes, ventilators, pulse oxymeters,defibrillators, life-saving drugs, antidotes,auto injectors, and dressing material. Medicaltreatment includes treatment with antidotes,medical first aid kits, trauma care kits, burn casemeasures, decontamination kits, and drugs.4. People with life-threatening injuries and illnessesneed critical care. Critical care involves close,constant attention by a team of specially-trainedhealth professionals. It usually takes place inan intensive care unit (ICU) or trauma centre.Problems that might need critical care treatmentinclude complications from surgery, accidents,infections, and severe breathing problems.Monitors, intravenous (IV) tubes, feeding tubes,catheters, ventilators, and other equipment arecommon in critical care units.5. Administration of specific antidotes and othertreatments should be initiated as per predeterminedtreatment protocol for givenchemical exposure and symptoms.5.5.6 PROTOCOL FOR MEDICAL MANAGEMENTThe Department of Health should develop chemicalspecificmedical management protocols for treatingexposed patients. The protocol will provide informationon the following issues:1. Description (synonyms, appearance, routes ofexposure, potential for secondary contamination,physical properties table, sources, and uses)2. Health effects (organ systems affected by acuteexposure, potential sequel, effects of chronicexposure)3. Pre-hospital management organized by hotzone, decontamination zone, and support zone(personal protection, decontamination, support,triage, transportation)4. Emergency Department Management organizedby the decontamination area and critical carearea (specific medical procedures to treat theexposed patient, patient disposition)5. Patient information sheet (the exposure and itspotential effects, follow-up instructions)6. Administration of specific antidotes and othertreatment profile.5.5.7 RAPID ASSESSMENT OF HEALTHCONSEQUENCESA chemical emergency should be first assessed within24 hours following the incident. A more comprehensiveassessment should be carried out later. The Departmentof Health will contact the nearest designated hospital forchemical emergencies and direct it to perform the rapidassessment. The rapid assessment consists of:1. Confirming the occurrence of a chemicalemergency2. Determining the source, site, type, size, anddistribution of the release3. Identifying the specific types of chemicals andtheir reaction by-products4. Determining the population at risk and the healthimpact5. Assessing existing health response capacity.The Department of Health, in collaboration with GPCB,will compile the following information on the basis ofrapid health assessment:1. Determine the population at risk. Gatherinformation on the proximity and size ofresidential neighbourhoods, the location andnumbers of high-risk populations (e.g. individualswith chronic illnesses, pregnant women, andinfants).2. Evaluate toxicological risks and human exposurepathways. Environmental exposure and bodyburden assessments are usually not feasibleduring the acute phase of the accident. Theserequire complex sampling and labour-intensiveanalytical procedures.3. Describe morbidity and mortality. For this to beGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 93

5RESPONSEdone systematically, it is essential that a workingcase definition is developed, and consistentlyapplied. During the actual emergency, it is notfeasible to conduct a survey. However, it isimportant to collect information on whetherthere has been increased morbidity or mortalitycaused by the release.5.5.8 PLAN FOR ANTIDOTES FOR CHEMICALAGENT EXPOSURESApproximately 10 % of victims would need immediatetreatment on-scene as soon as the emergency respondersarrive. These responders must have antidotes, propertraining on administration and protective gear to savethese patients. 70 – 80 % of the victims would arrive athospitals directly, most of them using alternate modes oftransport such as taxis or private vehicles.While not all chemical exposures need antidotes to treatthem, some do. It is assumed that antidotes are stockedat the local and regional levels in adequate quantity,as per the antidotes plan. It is assumed that hospitalshave a sufficient stock of appropriate antidotes that isimmediately available.5.5.9 REQUISITION OF PHARMACEUTICALSTOCKPILEIt is assumed that a pharmaceutical stockpile is availablein the state, as per the antidotes plan provided toGSDMA. This stockpile is a state resource of a largecache of drugs and medical supplies that can bedistributed to the site of possible incidents.The planis to deliver critical medical resources to the site of astate emergency when local public health resourceswould likely be or have already been overwhelmed bythe magnitude of the medical emergency. The stockpileis stored strategically in locations around the state insuch a way that the supply will reach the incident site(s)at the earliest possible time, the average acceptabletime being 12-24 hours. The stockpile is controlledby the SEOC and can be authorized for release by theappropriate authority.SEOC will coordinate with DEOC so that stockpile assetscan be efficiently received and distributed upon arrivalat the site. The state officials will transfer responsibilityfor the materials to the appropriate district or localauthorities once it arrives at the location. District andlocal authorities must be prepared to repackage and labelbulk medicines and other stockpile materials according toestablished SOPs.5.5.10 VENDOR MANAGED INVENTORYIt is assumed that an appropriate Vendor ManagedInventory (VMI) programme is established in the state.If the incident requires additional pharmaceuticals ormedical supplies, follow-up Vendor Managed Inventorysupplies will be shipped to arrive within 24 to 36hours. TheVMI packages can be tailored to provide pharmaceuticals,supplies, and/or products specific to the suspected orconfirmed agent or combination of agents. The vendors/manufacturers under the VMI program are contracted bythe state Central Medical Store to provide the requestedquantities of drugs/supplies at short notice. Theseinventories may be transported directly to the location(s)specified in the request by the Central Medical Store.5.5.11 PSYCHOSOCIAL CAREIn chemical emergencies, the psychological shocks andactual exposure related complications pose a challenge.The medical teams and hospitals should be trained andprepared to provide psychosocial care to patients duringemergency. Even in the recovery and rehabilitationphase, psychological care is an essential component.5.5.12 PUBLIC HEALTH RESPONSEDuring a chemical disaster, there are subsequentdamages incurred that require special attention from theDepartment of Public Health:• Contaminated water supply• Lack of food and safety of food is a major concern• Displacement of community from its natural habitat.The Department of Health will provide the response toensure public health by preventative approaches, asper their departmental action plan to manage abovementionedconditions.5.5.13 MEDICAL RESPONSE TO LONG TERMEFFECTSIn the post-disaster scenario, some of the casualties willdevelop sequels due to chemical injuries. These cases94 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

5RESPONSEmay need regular follow-up, medical care, reconstructivesurgery, and rehabilitation. Close monitoring is requiredto identify and treat long term health effects such asblindness, interstitial lung fibrosis, genetic disorders,neurological deficiencies, etc. Psychosocial care is also akey component of long term care. It is valuable to createa database of long term effects of chemicals and theirmanagement as a knowledge resource.5.6 RESPONSE TO HAZCHEMTRANSPORTATION EMERGENCIESIn cases of emergencies involving transportation ofhazardous chemicals, the organizational structure forresponse, concept of emergency operations, and rolesand responsibility of key stakeholders remains almostthe same as those in Section 5.3 and 5.4. Following arespecial considerations while responding to transportationemergencies.5.6.1 PIPELINE TRANSPORTATIONAs a part of a separate report on improving responsemechanism, PRESTLES has suggested that EmergencyResponse and Disaster Management Plan as per theregulations of the Petroleum and Natural Gas RegulatoryBoard should be developed. GSDMA already has conductedGIS mapping of pipelines in the state which can beuseful in this regard . As discussed in previous sections,pipelines are usually underground and pose less risk thanroad transportation. The main source of pipeline relatedaccidents is the accidental rupturing of a pipeline duringconstruction and digging earth. Usually large pipelinesare carried through areas with sparse population andhave good protection on either side along with controlmeasures such as automatic shut off valve that limitthe amount of leak. In case of a chemical leak from apipeline, the following apply:1. The initial notification may be done by theoccupier/owner of the pipeline or by localcommunity or by contractor who causedthe damage to the pipeline.Therefore,it is important that all pipeline nodes androutes clearly display the emergency contactinformation in case of any accident withthe pipeline.2. Once initial notification of accident is obtained,the response operations are similar to that inSection 5.35.6.2 ROAD TRANSPORTATIONAs a part of a separate report on improving responsemechanism, PRESTLES has suggested that a highwaychemical disaster management plan be developed. Thisplan will be based on survey of vulnerable populationalong the route and vulnerability scenario of all chemicalsbeing transported. The following special actions are takenduring an emergency involving a road tanker carryinghazardous chemical.5.6.2.1 TRIGGER MECHANISM1. The driver of the tanker is expected to betrained to handle an emergency situation andhave up to date contact information. He willcontact the consignor and consignee of the cargohe is carrying and the local police station (thenumber should be available with the driver) onpriority basis.2. The driver will also notify DEOC (1077).3. The information driver should provide includea. Exact location of the tankerb. Identification of any critical or sensitivestructures nearby (schools, hospitals, etc.)c. Name and telephone number of contact perconsignor and consigneed. Name of the chemical(s) releasede. An indication of whether the substance isextremely hazardousf. An estimate of the quantity released into theenvironmentg. Estimated time and duration of the releaseh. Whether the release occurred into air, water,and/or landi. Any known or anticipated acute orchronic health risks associated withthe emergency, and where necessary,advice regarding medical attention forexposed individualsGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 95

5RESPONSEj. Suggested protective actions such asevacuation or sheltering in place.4. The subsequent actions will be similar tothose in Section 5.3 and 5.4. In case of roademergencies, police may be first on site ahead offire brigade. Irrespective of who arrives on thesite first, all first responders should have basictraining to identify safe isolation distance andinitial protective actions, and identify situationswhere they must wait for a qualified emergencyresponse to control the situation.5.6.2.2 INFORMATION AVAILABLE WITH DRIVERUnder the Motor Vehicle Act 1988, every motor vehiclecarrying hazardous substances should have the following:1. Emergency Information Panel with informationon: (a) Correct, technical name of the substancesbeing transported; (b) UN-number, HAZCHEMcode, and UN hazard class label; (c) Emergencycontact telephone; and (d) Any specialist advice2. The driver of the vehicles should possess theTRANSPORT EMERGENCY CARD or TREMCARDas per Central Motor Vehicles Rules 132 (2).TREMCARD carries detailed instructions onresponse actions for fire, spillage, or leakage. Italso includes instruction to driver on his actions.5.6.2.3 PROTECTIVE ACTIONS BY THE DRIVER1. As per his training and hazard posed by thechemical, stop traffic and general citizens fromapproaching the accident site until police arrivefor help.2. The driver of the tanker must be givenappropriate level of protective clothing if heis expected to assist in response. He needs toprotect himself before attempting response. Ifappropriate PPE is not available, then he shouldmove to a safe distance and await response fromoffsite agencies.5.6.2.4 ROLE OF CONSIGNOR AND CONSIGNEE INRESPONSE1. Consignor must ensure that the driver of thetanker is well trained, carries valid license, hasTREMCARD, and the emergency information panelis clearly visible as per the rules on the tanker.2. The driver should be provided with up-to-datecontact information of police stations and DEOCon route through Gujarat.3. The driver should have contact information(phones and mobiles) of contracted externalexperts, and in-house experts at consignorand consignee.4. The driver should be provided with appropriateprotective equipment if he is expected to assistin response.5. The driver should be instructed to reportat Department of Transportation checkposts at entry points to Gujarat andregister themselves.6. Driver should handover TREMCARD toresponding agencies.7. Consignor and consignee should coordinatewith DEOC / SEOC to make arrangement forcontainment, transfer of content to othervehicles, and other response actions.8. Consignor and consignee should be encouraged toidentify experts enroute to assist in emergencysituations and include their contact informationon TREMCARD.9. If consignor and consignee are a part ofmutual aid group such as the one existingfor Chlorine transport in Gujarat, theyshould include contact information of themutual aid groups on TREMCARD and traindriver accordingly.5.6.2.5 INITIAL ACTIONS BY POLICE1. Police should immediate notify DEOC2. The most important action by police is tocordon of the site of accident, regulate traffic,and evacuate/shelter in place citizens in closeproximity on priory basis.3. In case of flammable gas leak, the source ofignition is often a passing vehicle or an electricaltransmission tower or substation. Dependingon the location of the site of accident and the96 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

5RESPONSEchemical involved, not only traffic but electricitysupply to the area may have to be stopped bypolice who may reach the accident spot beforeother agencies.5.6.2.6 INITIAL ISOLATION AND PROTECTIVE ACTIONDISTANCECordoning off and evacuation decisions are based onthe safe distance for isolation and protective actions.ERG (2012) provide guidance on protective actions suchas the effect of the chemicals, response information,isolation distance, protection distance, and other usefulinformation for first responders such as the police.5.7 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES AS PERSCG 2008 RESPONSE PLANThe following roles are responsibilities are assigned as perthe SCG 2008 Response Plan. However, as recommendedin Section 4.1, it is imperative that all response agenciesand state departments develop their own preparednessaction plan to fulfil the duties assigned to them inthis plan.5.7.1 FIRE SERVICES1. Fire services are provided by three agencieswithin the state: municipal corporations andmunicipalities, public and private sectorindustries, and Gujarat Industrial DevelopmentCorporations (GIDCs).2. The role of fire brigades during a chemicalaccident is to assess the situation, requestadditional support if local capabilities areinadequate, secure the scene in coordinationwith police officers, and send status updates tothe district control room.3. All local fire departments are expected to havedeveloped the capacity to respond to minor andlocalized chemical leaks and other incidentsand certainly to typically expected fire hazardsin their jurisdiction. A strong and capable firedepartment is a precursor and a building block toa chemical response capability.4. Normally, the GIDC industrial estate andmunicipal corporation, in whose jurisdiction theaccident has taken place, will rush the availablefire brigades to the scene.5. If more fire fighting resources are needed by theIC, they will be sent from the other municipalcorporations and GIDC estates as per coordinationfrom DEOC and SEOC. The SCG, with help fromthe State Fire Department, (we recommendGujarat establish a state-level fire department)must create a state-wide protocol of mutualaid in providing fire services. Secretary, UrbanDevelopment will coordinate the deploymentof fire tenders from other places until there isa special State Fire Department. Secretary,Industries will coordinate redeployment of GIDCfire tenders and help from private and publicsector industries from other places.6. Anup-to-date database of contact information andresources available with GIDC fire brigades andprivate/public industries should be maintainedregularly. A list should be made available to SEOCand DEOC.7. A equipment maintenance program will beestablished to assess resource needs and theirmaintenance8. Regular training or the staff though specialistcourses and mock drill will be conducted asrecommended in this CDMP.5.7.2 HOME DEPARTMENT AND POLICE1. The Director General of Police (DG) (or therepresentative) will report to SEOC whenrequired. The DG is responsible for establishingcontact with the District Police Control Roomimmediately to receive a situation report andassess the operational requirements for policeofficers.2. The DG will issue an alert to the DIG and thesurrounding districts. He will direct all thepolice officials and forces in adjacent districtsto be deployed if necessary. The DG will alsocontact the Central / Gujarat Industrial SecurityForces and other paramilitary forces to seek theirdeployment in case SDRF and NDRF resourcesGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 97

5RESPONSEfall inadequate.3. The DG will ensure that the police forcesrequired for traffic management, lawand order, evacuation, site security, andwireless communications are available to thedistrict authority.4. The DG will ensure that police forces willnot enter the contaminated area without thepermission of IC.5. The DG will ensure that police officers have basicchemical awareness training and use of ERG 2012guidebook as recommended in this CDMP. Policewill be trained to cordon off the initial isolationarea, evacuate or shelter in place, and accesscontrol at the accident site.6. The DG will review the traffic management inthe area. The primary aim would be to ensuretransport of the injured to the hospital, easyaccess for emergency responders, and safeevacuation of people from the danger zone.7. The DG will coordinate with transport to issuedirectives that all private and public trains andbuses be diverted from the disaster area.8. The DG will coordinate with the district SP toensure that public order is maintained, and noone takes undue advantage of the situation.9. In case of inadequate communicationinfrastructure at the local level, police wirelesssets and operators will help IC and first respondersto communicate with DEOC.10. DG will coordinate with district SP toimmediately assess the cause of the accidentand direct investigations and other immediateactions commensurate with suspicion of causeof accident. In case of terrorism or sabotagesuspicion, DG will mobilize anti-terrorism andforensic squad immediately to obtain as muchevidence as possible even with help of nationalsecurity agencies.5.7.3 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH1. The Secretary, Health Department and theCommissioner of Health will provide necessaryand emergency medical experts to SEOC.2. State experts will refer to the MedicalManagement Plan for specific details regardingdiagnostic support services such as blood banks,radiology, pathology, pharmacy, paramedics, RedCross, NGOs, and volunteer personnel. Whileoperational concepts of medical responses areprovided as a section of this plan, a detailed statemedical emergency management plan should beannexed to this plan.3. Health department will make required antidotesavailable in adequate quantities and sufficientlocations as well as make a provision for abulk supply of antidotes as and when required.Antidotes availability will be ensured atambulance and hospital levels as well.4. The health department will ensure that medicalresponders have basic chemical awarenesstraining to recognize safe actions during achemical emergency, to keep them safe, and notto make the situation worse. Health departmentmay identify specialist training requirements andconduct the same for some of their personnel asper the medical DMP.5. A database of contact information and keyresources (beds, burn units, antidote availability,etc.) will be maintained at the state level forall public hospitals and for private (industryand other) hospitals with whom a mutual aidagreement for sharing resources is made.6. Health experts will consider the intrinsictoxic potential of the released chemical(s),potential concentration(s), estimatedduration of exposure, and public healthimpacts based on situational detailsfrom DEOC.7. Health experts will provide advice and guidance98 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

5RESPONSEfor protective actions, public warning, triage,and emergency medical transportation.8. The SEOC will contact the Civil Surgeon/CMOand the District Health Officer of the concerneddistrict and discuss the deployment of necessarymedical resources including decontaminationequipment and supplies, ambulance units, andother specialized assets requested by the incidentcommander.9. The SEOC will work closely with DEOC toalert major hospitals near the impactedarea and coordinate GVK-EMRI 108 and otherambulance units.10. Health personnel at SEOC will collect informationon the number of deaths and injuries, the natureof the injuries, and likely long-term medicaltreatment requirements from DEOC.11. In case the nature of contamination requiresnational level support, medical experts willcoordinate with national bodies to ask forthe necessary medical assistance of experts,doctors, and equipment. The relevant agencyfor emergency medicine in the Government ofIndia is the Directorate General of the HealthServices (DGHS) in the Ministry of Health andFamily Welfare. The DGHS has set up theEmergency Medical Relief Cell for dealing withthese contingencies.12. The health department will assess the medicalneeds of the area region on the basis of likely longtermconsequences and take steps to equip localmedical facilities for treating people on a longtermbasis. The SCG will make preparations forthe provision of financial assistance for long-termmedical treatment.5.7.4 GUJARAT STATE DISASTER MANAGEMENTAUTHORITY1. GSDMA will act as a part of SCG in coordinating theresponse and deploy required officers to SEOC.2. GSDMA will partner with Revenue department tomaintain, improve and manage SEOC.3. Upon activation for a chemical disaster, GSDMAwill help SEOC ensure the activation of allrelevant state agencies to staff the SEOCas required.4. GSDMA will support creation of LERT, RRT andSERT and ensure deployment of RRT and SERTthrough SEOC. GSDMA will also coordinate withNDMA, NDRF, and CCG to seek national supportif required.5. GSDMA will help LCG and DCG in communitypreparedness for chemical emergencies throughfunds and technical knowledge.6. GSDMA will promote appropriate level of trainingfor first responders, specialist responders,regulatory agencies, LCG and DCG members, andindustry on topics related to chemical emergencymanagement through GIDM and monitor theoutcome and credentials post training.7. GSDMA will strengthen SCG, DCG and LCGfunctioning in terms of regular meetings,updating of plans, review of preparedness status,identifying needs, and actions plans of individualdepartment and agencies playing a role indisaster management.GSDMA may providerequired financial and technical support.8. Maintain a list of suppliers and vendors that canprovide essential chemical disaster responsesupplies on an urgent basis if needed. Makeprovisions for and ensure appropriate emergencyprocurement processes are followed duringdisaster response operations.9. Make provisions for assessing the cost of disasterresponse by tracking and documenting alldisaster-related procurements, contracts, rentalagreements, labour hours, and equipment hours.Make policies and procedures for recovery ofthese costs from the occupier if applicable.5.7.5 DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE / RELIEFCOMMISSIONER1. The Relief Commissioner, through the Departmentof Revenue, will provide immediate relief to allaffected citizens and will most likely be chosenby the chief secretary (state level RO) to headGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 99

5RESPONSEthe logistics branch under IRT.2. Relief may consist of ex-gratia financialassistance, temporary shelter, water, food, andtransportation back to homes when the disasterarea is safe.3. The Relief Commissioner may provide assistancefor reconstruction depending upon the nature ofdamages to the private property and assets.4. The revenue department has establishedand operates SEOC. They should coordinatewith GSDMA to upgrade, maintain andoperate SEOC.5.7.6 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR ANDEMPLOYMENT / DIRECTOR INDUSTRIAL SAFETYAND HEALTH (DISH)1. Conduct regular review and planning meetingswith chairman of SCG, DCG and LCG as membersecretary of these committees.2. Review onsite emergency plans from MAHinstallations during the preparedness phase andensure that information is up-to-date and usablein time of disaster.3. Promote onsite emergency planning at non-MAHunits.4. Promote industrial safety programs in industryto reduce the risk to the workers as well asthe public and environment by preventing orminimizing the effects of chemical emergencies.5. Conduct accident investigation and suggestimprovement to the unit as well as update DMPas required from the lessons learned.6. Help coordinate mock drills in industries andoffsite drills with help of DPO and other membersof SCG, DCG and LCG.7. Coordinate with GSDMA in maintenance andupdating of state, district and local CDMP.8. Provide experts to SEOC during a chemical disaster.9. Provide inspectors to train, drill, and deploy withthe SERT if required.10. Assist the Relief Commissioner in providingvocational guidance, labour training, and otheremployment services to citizens affected by achemical disaster.5.7.7 STATE FORESTS AND ENVIRONMENTDEPARTMENT AND GUJARAT POLLUTIONCONTROL BOARD1. SFED or GPCB will send appropriate officerto SEOC as required to guide the emergencyresponse. GPCB will guide SEOC and DEOC onthe environmental and health consequences ofa chemical release. GPCB will provide expertiseto assess resource requirements and determinepotential damage to environmental assets in thestate (forests, water bodies,) as well as publichealth effects of chemical emergency. GPCB willcoordinate with health department to determinehuman health impacts.2. GPCB will guide and monitor the efforts for siteremediation and restoration by the occupier ofthe industry. In case, occupier is not available(shut down factories) or not capable (too small afactory), the GPCB may lead the efforts as welland recover the cost from the responsible party(if any).3. GPCB will ensure proper and safe disposalhazardous wastes from operational and shut downindustries, isolated storages and other producers.GPCB with help of DISH (and powers of DISHunder the Factories Rules) will require hazardouswaste TSDF facilities to prepare process safetyplan, conduct safety audits, and prepare onsiteemergency plans.4. GPCB will assess vulnerability of criticalenvironmental assets such as biodiversityhotspots, forests, and water bodies and make amitigation plan to protect against posed hazards.5. GPCB will coordinate with DISH to shareinformation on quantity of hazardous chemicalsstored and ensure that proper pollution controlmeasures are established for such storages.6. GPCB will provide laboratory support the testinghazardous substances sent from the disaster scene.100 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

5RESPONSE7. GPCB will monitor air and water pollutionafter chemical emergencies to assess whetherit is safe to return to the area and consumeusual activities.8. GPCB will investigate chemical emergencies thatflout ambient environmental quality and pointsource quality related rules and norms as andif requested.9. Under the Public Liability Insurance (PLI) Act,1991, MoEF has published the list of chemicals andthreshold qualities beyond which the occupier orowner must take third-party PLI for providingrelief to accident victims and also contributeamount equal to the premium to the EnvironmentRelief Fund (ERF) which is held by the insurer onbehalf of the government. A notification underthe PLI Act in 1993, has appointed the chairmanand member secretary of SPCB to ascertain thecompliance with this Act or of any rule or of anydirection given under this Act, and require anyowner to submit information as necessary. GPCBshould ascertain the compliance under this Actand provide annual summary of the compliance,the funds received and used. This is a criticalfinancial resources or disaster management andshould be reviewed in SCG meetings.5.7.8 DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORT1. Secretary, Home (Transport), and the ManagingDirector, Gujarat State Road Transport Corporation(GSRTC) will work as part of the State CrisisGroup for the implementation of the hazardousmaterials transport emergency management planas well as provide transport coordination duringother types of chemical disasters as well. He willmake officers available to SEOC as per the need.2. In case of major offsite emergencies, theManaging Director will contact the Gujarat StateRoad Transport Corporation (GSRTC) and privatetransport operators for requisition of vehiclesfor mass evacuation of the public. Support ofrailways can be taken for evacuations, as well,and this is identified in the responsibilities ofthe railways.3. In case of major offsite emergencies, theManaging Director will contact the Gujarat StateRoad Transport Corporation (GSRTC) and privatetransport operators for requisition of vehiclesfor mass evacuation of the public. Support ofrailways can be taken for evacuations, as well,and this is identified in the responsibilities ofthe railways.4. Considering that prevention of chemicalemergencies on road is achieved throughenforcement of Motor Vehicle Act and Rulestherein, DOT needs to provide more support forthe enforcement. DOT should consider checkof TREMCARD, driver license, EIP on tanker andgeneral road worthiness of tanker on road atthe five check points in the state. Within thestate the traffic police may be sensitized towardssafety of HAZMAT tankers, and thus motivatedto check TREMCARD, driver license and overallsafety of the vehicle. DOT may be consideringRFID based number plates for ease of trackingthe vehicles in the state. If so, a special numberplate for HAZMAT tankers may be considered fortracking the movement in the state.5. Considering that prevention of chemicalemergencies on road is achieved throughenforcement of Motor Vehicle Act and Rulestherein, DoT needs to provide more support forthe enforcement. DoT should consider checkof TREMCARD, driver license, EIP on tanker andgeneral road worthiness of tanker on road atleast the five check points in the state. Withinthe state the traffic police may be sensitizedtowards safety of MAZMAT tankers, trained inbasic chemical awareness, and thus motivatedto check TREMCARD, driver license and overallsafety of the vehicle. DoT may be consideringRFID based number plates for ease of trackingthe vehicles in the state. If so, a special numberplate for HAZMAT tankers may be considered forGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 101

5RESPONSEtracking the movement in the state.5.7.9 GUJARAT MARITIME BOARD (GMB)1. An Emergency Management plan for all portsmust be prepared and shared with correspondingDCG as well as SCG to be annexed to district andstate CDMPs.2. In the event of a major chemical disaster, theGMB is responsible for protecting port employeesand tenants, regulating the movement ofvessels, and monitoring clean-up efforts for GMBoperated ports.3. GMB will initiate steps to provide minimumdisruption of port commercial fishing andrecreation. The department will notifydepartment of fisheries for any potentialcontamination of fish.4. Considering ports have substantial emergencyresources, GMB will coordinate with public andprivate ports to provide necessary support tonearby DEOC/DCG as per pre-existing mutualaid agreements.5.7.10 INDIAN RAILWAYS1. Western Railway Emergency Management Planshould include vulnerability assessment forchemical emergencies. This plan should beannexed to the respective district CDMP with acopy to state CDMP as annex. The plan shouldidentify the incident commander and qualifiedchemical emergency response team availablewith railways and/or it may include provisionsto transfer incident command to LERT, RRT orSERT if required. The plan should identify theavailable at railways and establish procedureto share resources with district administrationif required.2. The Accident Relief Medical Vans (ARMVs) of theMinistry of Railways are stabled at stations every100 kilometres and should be made availableto state and district authorities as per the preagreedterms, conditions and procedures.3. If feasible, provide rapid evacuation throughtrains and provide safe sheltering againstchemical emergencies in discussion with local anddistrict administration and when such assistancefrom railways is planned in the CDMP as permutual agreements.4. Follow the directions by the incident commanderfor protective actions in case any railway propertywill be vulnerable to chemical emergencies.5. Respond to chemical and industrial disastersat the railway station, along railway lines andin property owned by railways to protect life,property, and the environment.6. Repair infrastructure and restore operationsfollowing a chemical disaster.5.7.11 AIRPORT AUTHORITY OF INDIA1. An Airport Emergency Management Plan shouldbe annexed to the respective district CDMP witha copy to state CDMP as annex. The airport plansmust dovetail with state and district CDMP, andinclude provisions to transfer incident commandto RRT or SERT when required, and make provisionsfor a controlled access to airport premises ofemergency responders. Airport Authority, AirportManagers’ Officers, Airfield Operations, AirportPolice, Construction and Maintenance and PublicRelations Officers should coordinate with DEOC.2. Respond to chemical and industrial disasters atthe national/international airport to protect life,property, and the environment.3. Request additional assistance from the DEOC andSEOC when the Airport Authority’s aircraft rescueand fire-fighting personnel are overwhelmed.4. Repair airport infrastructure and restoreoperations following a chemical disaster.5.7.12 DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL HUSBANDRY1. Provide safe facilities for animals in needof relocation and/or confinement due to achemical disaster.2. Maintain service for the care and treatment ofsick and injured animals that are relocated, andreunite owners with impounded animals.3. Arrange for the safe disposal of102 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

5RESPONSEanimal carcasses.4. Reunite owners with impounded animals andcoordinate relief to owners who lose cattlein disasters.5.7.13 DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE1. Take immediate actions to reduce crop damageand economic losses following a chemical spill.2. Assess agricultural damage following achemical disaster and provide expertise forremediation efforts.3. Coordinate relief efforts.5.7.14 DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIES AND MINES1. Provide a liaison to SEOC during a chemical disaster.2. Coordinate resources of GIDC and private/publicindustries during disasters as needed and as perpre-existing mutual aid policy and procedures.5.7.15 STATE INFORMATION BUREAU1. Coordinate the delivery of public warning andemergency information that relates to chemicaldisaster situations with SEOC. Manage media forrumours and spreading panic while ensuring thatrelevant, accurate, and necessary information isdisseminated.5.7.16 DEPARTMENT OF LAW1. Provide legal advice to the SEOC as required.Serve as a liaison with other legal andjudicial entities.5.7.17 PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT /ROADS ANDBUILDINGS DEPARTMENT1. Assist with traffic management and debrisremoval for mandatory evacuations.2. Inspect public roads and buildings for return tonormal operations and occupancy.3. Oversee the repair and reconstructionof public buildings, roads, and otherinfrastructure if necessary aftera chemical disaster.4. Enforce applicable building codes.5. Evaluate main roads for case of emergencyvehicle movement and address any problems(e.g., Building emergency lane/shoulder)5.7.18 CHIEF ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR1. CEI is responsible for safety of electricalinstallation among other statutory functions.CEI inspects industries, commercial complexes,residential high rises, and others as per thecriteria laid in Electricity Act and rules (http://ceiced.gujarat.gov.in/act_rules.htm). Thequantum of work is such that not all premises canbe thoroughly inspected. Juxtaposing this withthe fact that majority of industrial accidents areblamed on electrical system failure, strengtheningCEI activities become key as detailed in a reporton Performance Improvement of DISH, PESOand CEI.2. CEI regulates the power distribution companiesand require them to investigate all electrocutionaccidents. CEI may also sensitize powerdistribution companies on their role duringdisaster management for temporary power supplyprovision, stopping power supply to an area oninstruction of a IC, and conducting regular checksof electrical systems within the industries.5.7.19 KEY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS1. Public and private transport, railways, and othertransport resources may be required for a largescale chemical emergency requiring evacuationover several hours. However, evacuation withinthe first 1-2 hours after the incident cannot relyon such external and non-immediate transportresources. The transport resources should beincluded in regular discussions and trainings onthe state CDMP, as well as in mock drills and othercapacity building exercises.2. Private hospitals, businesses, and industrieswithin Gujarat may assist with a wide varietyof response, relief, or rehabilitation tasksbased on their capabilities. Memorandums ofunderstanding may be enacted with such entitiesfor assistance. Also, they should be included inregular discussions and trainings on the stateCDMP as well as in mock drills and other capacitybuilding exercises.GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 103

5RESPONSE3. Volunteer agencies, such as the Red Cross andlocal religious organizations, may be availableto provide shelter, food, management ofdonations, and other short-term relief functions.Memorandums of understanding may be enactedwith such entities for assistance. Also, theyshould be included in regular discussions andtrainings on the state CDMP as well as in mockdrills and other capacity building exercises.4. All such external support function agencies thatare not in direct control of SCG, GSDMA or thestate of Gujarat, or those agencies that have notbeen assigned an explicit role under this plan butmay be required to provide any support should berequested to prepare a “support function actionplan,” and these plans should be annexed tostate and district CDMPs.5.7.20 SUPPORT FROM CENTRAL GOVERNMENT IFREQUIREDFor emergencies that are beyond the response capabilityof the state, additional help can be requested from thecentral authorities. The following two authorities areavailable at the national levels.The Central Crisis Group, constituted by the Ministry ofEnvironment and Forests, shall be the apex body in thecountry to deal with and provide expert guidance forplanning and handling of major chemical accidents in thecountry. The CCG shall continuously monitor the postaccidentsituation and suggest measures for prevention ofrecurrence of such accidents.Along with MOEF, NDMA is also a national body to providecoordination, technical, and logistical support to thestate. NDMA, through the Home Ministry, can help thestate seek formal support from NDRF. A NDRF companyis stationed in Ahmedabad. This company is developingits capability in chemical emergency management tobe a resource for the state in the case of emergenciesneeding national level assistance. GSDMA mayconsider including NDRF in coordination meetings, planpreparation, and mock drills to ensure a coordinatedresponse whenever needed. Considering the role NDRFbattalion at Ahmedabad may play, it may be well suitedto invite NDRF commandant as a member of SCG.5.8 SUMMARY OF RESPONSE ACTIONS ANDSTAKEHOLDERS RESPONSIBILITIESThe tables below summarises the key responseactivities and the respective primary and supportstakeholders responsible for chemical emergencyresponse. In addition, a comprehensive listing ofresponder responsibilities is listed in Appendix A forready reference as per the MOEF off-site emergencyguidelines, 2010.5.9 INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS1. Communication protocol and coordinationprocedures employed by the SEOC and DEOCwill be annexed to this CDMP. Communicationprotocol for all responding agencies will bedeveloped and standardized and annexed to thisCDMP.2. Communications for the RRT and SERT will have adedicated channel monitored by SEOC.3. GSDMA will update the plans and procedure forthe following if and when available:a. Information Management Portal System(IMPS): The web based system should be menudriven and with role-based access control forvarious stakeholders as per requirements toaccess information regarding the status ofdisaster(s).b. Incident Management System (IMS): A robustportal-based solution for public safety andemergency management that should havefour core capabilities: (a) Dynamic teammanagement(collaboration, communicationand control); (b) Disaster planning (before);(c) Emergency operations (during); and (d)Disaster recovery (after). We recommendthat GSDMA gives a different name to thissystem so that it is not confused with IRSand IRT and similar sounding yet differentterminologies are not coined.c. Universal communication interface based104 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

5RESPONSEon common (e.g. VoIP) switching for voicecall connectivity across various technologybased equipment such as VHF radio, VSAT,VoIP calls on MPLS-VPN etc. Whichevertechnology used, redundancy and 100% failproof communication should be key criteria.Table 12. Stakeholder Roles in HAZMAT ResponseSUPPORT/PRIMARY RESPONSIBILITYRESPONSE ACTIVITYSECONDARYAT DISTRICT/STATE LEVELRESPONSIBILITY1 Trigger Mechanism - Intimation of accident/ Occupier / manager of the DEOC/LCRhazardestablishment2 Pre-designate and train Incident Commander atdistrict and State level for different types andGSDMA, SCG, DCG LERT, RRT, SERT, SDRF,Police, Fire Servicesscales of chemical emergencies3 Establish Incident Command Post First Response Agency – ideally DC, SDMFire Services, LERT4 Situation Assessment DEOC, LCR,SEOCLERT, RRT, SERT5 Staffing and Activities at SEOC SEOC SCG, GSDMA6 Selection of Protective Actions IC, DC DEOC, SEOC7 Control of Hazard –Establish Incident Command PostIC at district level, IC at Statelevel ( if required) LERT, RRT, SERTEMS, Fire Services,Police, SCG, DCGDeclare EmergencyWarn the publicSecure the siteEnsure Safety through a Site Safety PlanControl Zones will be established by the ICConduct Initial ReconnaissanceSite entry and exit8 Provide short term relief to public DC Department ofRevenue, GSDMAGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 105

5RESPONSETable 13. Stakeholder Roles in Emergency Medical ManagementSUPPORT/RESPONSE ACTIVITYPRIMARY RESPONSIBILITY SECONDARYRESPONSIBILITY1 Intimation to MFR, 108, Local MedicalDEOC, Industry GVK-EMR 108Department2 Response by QRMT QRMT Local MFR, DOH3 Response Capacity Assessment and planningDOHduring Response4 Search and Rescue Police /MFR/Fire Services5 Evacuation of Casualties for Incident Site MFR, EMS DOH6 Activation of Crisis Management at hospitals Earmarked hospitals DOH7 Rapid Assessment of Health consequences Medical Staff and Earmarked DOH, GPCBhospitals8 Administration of Antidotes QRMT, MFR DOH, Earmarkedhospitals9 Requisition of Pharmaceutical stockpiles Earmarked Hospital DOH10 Supply of drugs from Vendor Managed Inventory State Central Medical Store11 Psychosocial care Earmarked hospitals12 Public Health Response Department of Public HealthTable 14. Response Protocol for Hazards in Road Transportation of HAZCHEMSUPPORT/RESPONSE ACTIVITYPRIMARY RESPONSIBILITY SECONDARYRESPONSIBILITY1 Trigger – Intimation to DEOC, Police, 108,Consignor and ConsigneeDriverConsignor andConsignee2 Initial Protective Actions as specified inDriverHelperTREMCARD3 Co-ordination of Consignor and Consignee with Consignor and Consignee Mutual Aid GroupDEOC4 Cordoning off site, notification to DEOC, FirePolice 108Services , EMS and LERT5 Establish incident command post Police Other First Responders6 Isolation and Establishing protective actionPoliceOther First Respondersdistance7 Control of Hazard LERT, RRT, SERT Police, Consignorand ConsigneeFire Services, FirstResponder106 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

5RESPONSE5.10 REFERRED AND ANNEXED DOCUMENTS1. In this section, a reference to legal andadministrative requirements or procedures thatare applicable to disaster operations (e.g.,emergency procurement procedures, mutualaid agreements, etc.) will be made as and whenthese documents are available. These documentswill not be annexed to the CDMP but need tobe available at the SEOC for easy reference.Examples of documents that may be referencedhere include:a. Administration of insurance claimsb. Consumer protectionc. Duplication of benefitsd. Non-discriminatione. Relief assistancef. Recovery of response costs from the responsibleparty (i.e., entity that caused the spillor release).2. Annex Action Plans developed by offsite agenciesand state departments to this state CDMP as andwhen available.3. CDMP or response plans for pipelines, ports,hospital, railways should be annexed to thisCDMP whenever available.4. The state directory of contact developed byrevenue department should be annexed to thisCDMP.5. The national directory developed by CCG (theRed Book) should be annexed to this CDMP.GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 107

6RECOVERY, RECONSTRUCTION ANDREHABILITATIONThe recovery and reconstruction phase of disastermanagement involves disaster relief: a) immediateshelter, life support, and human needs to persons affectedby, or responding to, a disaster; b) the broader disasterrecovery; c) the coordinated process of supportingaffected communities in the reconstruction of the physicalinfrastructure, restoration of the economy and of theenvironment; and d) support for the emotional, social,and physical wellbeing of those affected. Section 5.4.7discusses immediate relief operations as a part of theresponse plan for chemical emergencies. In this chapter,we focus on longer term recovery and reconstructionefforts needed in case of major or catastrophic chemicaldisaster. State Relief Commissioner, Revenue department,and the district collector are in charge of suchrecovery operations.6.1 FUNCTIONS OF RECOVERYFor the purpose of effective coordination, aspects ofrecovery are conceptually grouped into four functions. Itis important to acknowledge that the four functions ofrecovery overlap and recovery arrangements must reflectthe inter-relationship between each of these functions.6.1.1 INFRASTRUCTUREInfrastructure, or built environment, recovery includesrepair and reconstruction of residential and publicbuildings, commercial, industrial and rural buildings andstructures, government structures, utility structures,systems and services (transport, water, sewage, energy,communications), and other essential services.6.1.2 HUMAN-SOCIALHuman-social recovery includes personal support andinformation, physical health and emotional, psychological,spiritual, cultural and social well-being, public safetyand education, temporary accommodation, and financialassistance to meet immediate individual needs.6.1.3 ECONOMIC AND LIVELIHOODEconomic recovery includes renewal and growth ofthe micro economy (within the affected area) and themacro economy (overall economic activity of the state).Economic recovery includes individual and householdentities (e.g. employment, income, insurance claims),private and government business enterprises and industry.It includes assets, production and flow of goods andservices, export of goods and services from the affectedregion, and securing confidence of overseas markets.6.1.4 ENVIRONMENTEnvironment, or natural environment, recoveryincludes restoration and regeneration of biodiversity(species and plants) and ecosystems, natural resources,environmental infrastructure, amenity/aesthetics (e.g.scenic lookouts), culturally significant sites and heritagestructures. It includes management of environmentalhealth, waste, contamination, pollution andhazardous materials.6.2 TRANSITION FROM RESPONSE TORECOVERYThe after-stage of response is defined as the period whenthere is no further requirement for the coordination ofresponse activities. As recovery activities bgin within theresponse phase, it also signals the transition from responseto recovery mode. In this transition the emergency isdeclared over and the IRT hands over the planningand operations to the relief commissioner or others asappointed by the chief secretary. Careful planning andhandover is essential with proper documentation fora successful transition. The major steps taken duringtransition are as follows:1. Preliminary Damage Assessment: State shoulddeploy multidisciplinary team to determine theextent of damage to communities.2. Aids & Assistance: Identification of the typeof public or individual assistance necessaryin an emergency declaration. These can behousing, grants, low-interest loans, relocation,unemployment assistance, food commodities,or legal services. Also includes assistance forcommunity such as debris removal, emergencyprotective measures, roads and bridges,drinking water, buildings and equipment, andother utilities.108 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

6RECOVERY, RECONSTRUCTION AND REHABILITATION3. Mobilization of essential resources: Coordinateand ensure mobilization of essential resourcesto a temporary location of emergency masscare where impacted survivors of disasters gofor limited services and information within 24-96 hours following the disaster. Such temporarylocations could be termed as “Disaster RecoveryCentre”. Their responsibility can be shared by theaffected district, state and central authorities.4. Community Groups: Community groups shouldbe deployed in the affected community areasto disseminate information. They will identifyand report local unmet human needs and assistsurvivors.5. Expenditure: Estimation of cost to be incurred bythe agencies responsible for relief and recoveryshould be made.6.3 COUNSELLING AND REHABILITATION OFVICTIMSThe psychological impact of a chemical disaster manifestsas psychosocial trauma including psychological reactions,post-traumatic stress disorder, and other psychologicalailments in displaced disaster victims which needs to beaddressed. Counselling by psychologists and psychiatristsfor those suffering from mental trauma is an essentialelement of medical rehabilitation.6.4 IMMEDIATE FINANCIAL RELIEF TOVICTIMSUnder the Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991, MOEF haspublished the list of chemicals and threshold qualitiesbeyond which the occupier or owner must take thirdpartyPLI for providing relief to accident victims as perthe direction of the collector. The Act also provides foran Environment Relief Fund (ERF) and enables payment ofrelief over and above the insured amount. The occupieror owner should pay an amount equal to the PLI premiumto the ERF and deposit the same with the insurer. At statelevel GPCB is responsible to ensure compliance with PLIAct and at district level the collector and regional officerof GPCB are responsible. This act provides for immediateaccess to relief funds so that the compliance with Actshould be verified and strengthened. We have alreadyrecommended that the maximum liability under the Act(currently Rs 5 cores) should be substantially enhanced.6.5 PENALTIES AND COMPENSATIONBeyond the immediate relief through provisions of PLIAct, the major compensation for disaster victims comesfrom the Prime Minister’s Relief Fund and NationalDisaster Response Fund. State Government also providescompensation for disaster victims through the StateDisaster Response Fund. According to a strict concept ofliability, the industries responsible for the accident areliable to pay compensation to victims. Therefore, legalactions can be initiated against the occupier for additionalcompensation.6.6 RESTORATION AND REGENERATION OFECOSYSTEMThe potential of chemical accidents to cause severeenvironmental damage has been realised on a numberof occasions such as at Seveso, Bhopal, Mexico City(LPG disaster), Chernobyl, and Alaska (Exxon Valdez).For the remediation of the affected environment, it isessential to assess the environmental impacts, whichincludes determining the quantitative and qualitativenature of impact, and ascertaining the components ofthe environment most at risk from chemical accidents.This assessment is dependent on certain factors suchas the chemicals involved, pollutant concentrations inthe environment, environment media polluted by theaccident, topography, and meteorology. After assessingthe impact, the government can choose the appropriaterecovery strategy.6.7 RECONSTRUCTION OF DAMAGEDSTRUCTURES AND SERVICESMajor and catastrophic fires and explosions can result insignificant damage to structures although less in extentcompared to natural disasters. Reconstruction offers usa chance to build back better and safer. Reconstructionand restoration of infrastructure shall be achieved at theearliest as per the following guiding principles laid out inthe national policy on disaster management.1. Consideration should be given in planning toopen spaces, water and sanitation infrastructure,GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 109

6RECOVERY, RECONSTRUCTION AND REHABILITATIONhealth care facilities, education infrastructureand roads.2. Reconstruction plans should be a participatoryprocess involving the government, affectedcommunity, NGOs and the corporate sector.After the planning process is over, owner drivenconstruction is a preferred option but as per theguidelines and specifications in the plan.3. Essential services and intermediate shelters/camps should be established in the shortestpossible time. The restoration of normalcy andday-to-day functioning is an important factor forconsideration. For permanent reconstruction,the relocation option should be considered incase the affected community was in the highlyvulnerable zone (e.g. squatters or developmentswithin buffer zone around a company). In caseof large chemical facility, the community maybe persuaded to shift to a distance further awayfrom the unit. The structure and electrical safetyaudit of all damaged building should be doneand they should be repaired accordingly. Newconstruction should ideally be completed within2-3 years.110 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

7AUTHORIZATION AND PLAN MAINTENANCE7.1 PLAN AUTHORIZATIONThe Chemical and Industrial Disaster Management Planfor the state of Gujarat supersedes and rescinds allprevious versions of the same or similar documents, andit is effective from the date of affixing the signatureof the Chairman of State Crisis Group (Chief Secretary,Government of Gujarat), Member Secretary of StateCrisis Group (Principal Secretary, Labour and EmploymentDepartment), and Chief Executive officer of Gujarat StateDisaster Management Authority.The plan and recommendations herein have been developedin discussion with and in agreement with the stakeholderslisted in this plan. This plan is/will be annexed withaction plans developed by the various response agenciesand line departments identified in this plan to achieve anintegrated and coordinated management of chemical andindustrial disasters. These action plans will be discussed,improved upon, and accepted in a participatory mannerthrough periodic meetings of SCG or another such forum.These action plans will be attached as annexes to thisplan in a time bound manner.Continuous review and improvement of this plan isessential to ensure that it is not only updated, but alsoimplemented in its true spirit. Therefore, this CDMP shallbe reviewed and updated regularly and in participatorymanner by SCG, GSDMA or an agency designated by them.We hereby affix our signature to declare that the GujaratState Chemical and Industrial Disaster Management Planis authorized on this XX Day of MMM, 2013.Signatures7.2 AUTHORITY AND RESPONSIBILITY FORTHE MAINTENANCE OF THE PLANThe Chairman of SCG and CEO of GSDMA appoint XXX as anoverall responsible agency for maintenance and upkeepof this plan. The following representatives are appointedfor this purpose. [insert a table of names, positionand department]. It is the duty of these appointedrepresentatives to:1. Possess a master copy of the plan and ensure atall times that it is up-to-date2. Ensure distribution of the latest plan copy to SEOC,all response agencies and line departments, andobtain documentary evidence of their acceptanceand agreement (for example, signature) of theplan document3. Keep detailed and up-to-date records ofrevisions or changes to the plan document andcommunicate such revisions to all the possessorsof the plan4. Initiate revision of plan whenever it is due5. Ensure review during periodic meetings of thestate crisis group.7.3 PLAN DEVELOPMENT ANDMAINTENANCE1. GSDMA will maintain, distribute, and update thisCDMP with assistance from SCG members.2. State departments and agencies providedresponsibility under the plan should nominate anofficer responsible to recommend changes andprovide updated information periodically (e.g.,changes of personnel, available resources, andpreparedness action plan). Head of stakeholderdepartments and agencies have the ultimateresponsibility of preparing, maintaining, andupdating internal action plans and resources tofulfil their roles on basis of the state CDMP.3. The action plans from departments, all districtCDMP, all LCG or industrial pocket CDMPs shouldbe available at SEOC. The state CDMP needsto be reviewed annually by SCG and GSDMAand updated as per the findings from annualexercises and mock drills in the districts and LCGareas as well as implementation lessons learns byindividual departments as per their own actionplans.4. Changes to this plan may be needed even beforeGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 111

7AUTHORIZATION AND PLAN MAINTENANCEannual review when any of the following happens.a. When hazard consequences or risk areaschange.b. When the concept of operations for chemicaldisasters change.c. When departments, agencies, or groups thatperform disaster functions are reorganizedand can no longer perform the emergencytasks laid out in this plan.d. When alert/warning or communicationsystems change.e. When additional disaster resourcesare obtained through acquisitionor agreement.f. When the anticipated disaster resources areno longer available.g. When a mock drill or actual disasterreveals significant deficiencies inexisting plan.h. When state or national planning standards orregulations are revised.7.4 RECORD OF ACCEPTANCEAll the undersigned accept and agree to the following:“This plan document is prepared in discussionwith our department/agency/organization. Weunderstand and accept the roles and responsibilitiesassigned to us for effective implementationof this plan.”Table 15. Record of AcceptanceSNDEPARTMENT /AGENCY /ORGANIZATIONNAME OFAUTHORIZEDREPRESENTATIVEPOSITIONSIGNATUREAND DATE7.5 RECORD OF CHANGESTable 16. Record of ChangesDATE DESCRIPTION OF CHANGE PAGE OR SECTIONDATE WHEN THEACKNOWLEDGEMENT OFCHANGE FROM POSSESSORS OFTHE PLAN IS OBTAINED112 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

7AUTHORIZATION AND PLAN MAINTENANCE7.6 STAKEHOLDERS AND POSSESSORS OFTHE PLANThe authorities and agencies whose participation is vitalin any phase of disaster management as per the CDMPare collectively referred to as the Stakeholders and/orpossessors of this CDMP. These include:1. State representative of MoEF2. NDMA3. Ministry of Home Affairs4. All Members of State Crisis Groups5. GSDMA6. Chairman and member secretary of all DCGs7. DPO of all DDMAs8. Chairman and member secretary of all LCGs9. SEOC and DEOCs10. State emergency response team11. Regional emergency response centres12. Others as identified by SCG and GSDMA.GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 113

APPENDIX A: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OFRESPONDERS IN THE NATIONAL GUIDELINES FOROFF-SITE EMERGENCY PLAN BY MOEFThis appendix can be used to link the roles of differentauthorities, departments, agencies and people withappropriate role as per IRT.DISTRICT EMERGENCY AUTHORITY (DEA - DISTRICTCOLLECTOR)1) Take overall responsibility for combating the offsite emergency.2) Ensure the Police and Fire, personnel combat theemergency.3) Arrange, if necessary, for warning and evacuatingthe public, through the Depart¬ment of Police.4) Communicate with Media to disseminate vitalinformation to public5) Arrange for dispensing vital informationto public using arrangements likemass-sms, public announcement usingpre-recorded tapes6) Direct the team of Doctors headed by the MedicalOfficer7) Direct the local chief of State TransportCorporation to arrange for transport of victimsand evacuation of people trapped within thehazard zone, if necessary.8) Direct the Electricity Board officials to giveuninterrupted power supply.9) Direct the official in-charge to provideuninterrupted water supply as required.10) If evacuation of population is necessary direct theRevenue officer and the Supply officer to providesafe shelters, food and other life sustainingrequirements for the evacuees, if required.11) Co-ordinate with the media12) Arrange for, release and provide necessary fundsat various stages of disaster mitigation13) Direct railways to stop train, if requiredPOLICE1) Communicate and co-ordinate withi. MAH unitii. DEAiii. Fire Services.iv. Transport authorities.v. Medical Departmentvi. Mediavii. Civil Defence and Home Guards.viii. Local Army establishment as required.2) Warn and advice the people in the affected area.3) Regulate and divert traffic.4) Arrange for evacuation5) Maintain law and order in the area.6) Ensure protection of life and property of evacuees7) Deal sternly with people exploiting opportunismin wake of a disasterFIRE SERVICE DEPARTMENT1) Perform fire fighting operations by deploying menand appliances.2) Perform rescue operation in theaffected area.3) Communicate and co-ordinate withPolice, Medical Department ofnecessary information4) Keep knowledge on appropriate response todifferent chemical emergency scenarios5) Keep adequate stock and resource information onnecessary means, material, appliances requiredto deal with particular emergency situations withupdated details of suppliers and stockists.MEDICAL DEPARTMENT1) Arrange for preparing casualties to be sent togovernment/private hospitals.114 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

APPENDIX A: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF RESPONDERS IN THENATIONAL GUIDELINES FOR OFF-SITE EMERGENCY PLAN BY MOEF2) Set up temporary medical camp and ensuremedical facilities at affected locationand neighbourhood3) Keep knowledge on appropriate responseto different cases of toxic consumptionand injuries4) Set up temporary mortuary, identification ofdead bodies and post mortem.FACTORY INSPECTORATE DEPARTMENT1) Provide necessary direction to MAH unit andassistance to DEA, Fire Department, and MedicalDepartment among others.2) Seek help from and involve assistance of TechnicalExperts of relevant and appropriate expertiseand specialization.3) Initiate, facilitate and provide for investigationinto the accident.OCCUPIER OF MAH UNIT1) Possess up-to-date copy of off-site emergencyplan.2) Communicate promptly, any foreseeable disaster,to the DEA, Police, Fire Service and Inspector ofFactories in-charge of the District.3) Communicate changes within the factory thatmay require inclusion or suitable modification inthe off-site plan to the DEA (Maintenance Officer)of the Plan.TECHNICAL EXPERTS1) Promptly respond to provide the necessarytechnical advice to MAH unit, DEA, FactoryInspectors, Fire Department, Medical Departmentamong others.2) Provide on-phone help after properlyunderstanding and assessing the situation.3) Make visit to the site in co-ordination with DEA,Factory Inspector(s) to provide for appropriatetechnical assistance.MUTUAL AID GROUPS1) To quickly mobilize the resources required toemergency mitigation at the site or whereverrequiredPOLLUTION CONTROL BOARD1) Project likely areas to be polluted.2) Carry out pollution assessment atsuspected locations including soil, river andair assessment.3) Ensure controlling of long-termpollution damage.4) Identify unidentified substances, chemicalreleases, if any.TRANSPORT FLEET OWNERS INCLUDING STATETRANSPORT1) Act on the direction of DEA or Police2) Ascertain the extent of transport required withpick-points, routes and destinations to transportpeople.3) Promptly arrange for dispatch of vehicles withsufficient fuel for evacuation purposes.4) Arrange vehicles to transport water and otherprovision to camps set upMEDIA1) Disseminate vital information to public ondirection of DEA, Police and other Authorities2) Act responsibly in disseminating vital informationand dispel rumours, if any.RAILWAYS1) Act as per the direction of DEA to stop incomingtrains, if required2) Arrange for evacuation, if requiredTRANSPORTER OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICAL1) Possess up-to-date copy of off-site emergencyplan.2) Communicate promptly, any foreseeable disasterduring transportation to the DEA, Police, FireService and Inspector of Factories in-charge ofthe District.3) Communicate new assignments, newly addedroutes or other changes that may require inclusionor suitable modification in the off-site plan to theDEA (Maintenance Officer) of the Plan.ELECTRICITY BOARDGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 115

APPENDIX A: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF RESPONDERS IN THENATIONAL GUIDELINES FOR OFF-SITE EMERGENCY PLAN BY MOEF1) Arrange for uninterrupted power supply to theplant, as required.2) Arrange for lighting; at temporary medical campsetc.3) Arrange for switching off power supply on requestfrom District Authorities4) Take care of electrical equipment within thedamaged zone.TELECOMMUNICATION DEPARTMENT1) Ensure working of communication lines to enableeffective communication between variousresponder agenciesAVIATION DEPARTMENT1) Mobilise resources such as helicopters forknocking down vapour clouds etc.CIVIL DEFENCE1) Co ordinate with Police authorities.2) Extend help in evacuation.3) Arrange for round the clock securityarrangements in the affected andevacuation areas.4) Safeguard the properties and belongingsof evacuees.HOME GUARDS1. Co ordinate with Police authorities.2. Extend help in evacuation.3. Arrange for round the clock securityarrangements in the affected and evacuationareas.4. Safeguard the properties and belongingsof evacuees.NATIONAL DISASTER RESPONSE FORCE1. Carry out tasks for disaster mitigationas requiredLOCAL GOVERNMENT BODIES1. Mobilise necessary resources in emergencymitigation2. Provide for community halls, town hallsfor evacueesNGOs1. Act as per the direction of DEA, Police and otherDistrict Authorities2. Aid and assist the district authorities in emergencymitigation.PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT1. Ensure adequate water supply forfire fighting.2. Arrange for drinking water for evacuated personsat rallying posts, parking yards and evacuationcentres.3. Arrange water for cattle.WATER SUPPLY BOARD1. Arrange for supply of water to evacueesand all others involved in emergencycontrol operationsCIVIL SUPPLIES DEPARTMENT1. Arrangement to provide food andclothing as necessary, to the evacueesand all others involved in emergencycontrolling operations.ANIMAL HUSBANDRY DEPARTMENT1. Arrange for taking care of cattle especially dairyanimals living in affected zone.2. If evacuation of cattle is required, identify theevacuation area and shelter.3. Transport arrangements for evacuation.4. Fodder, drinking water arrangementsfor cattle.5. Arrange for veterinary doctor.AGRICULTURE DEPARTMENT1. Arrange for protection of food grains and standingcrops in the vulnerable zone.2. Give instructions, to farmers, if any.REGIONAL TRANSPORT AUTHORITY1. To investigate into the cause of road accidentinvolving hazardous goods carrier and takenecessary action116 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

APPENDIX A: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF RESPONDERS IN THENATIONAL GUIDELINES FOR OFF-SITE EMERGENCY PLAN BY MOEFOTHER MEMBERS OF DCG1. Assist and act as per directions of theDistrict CollectorCOASTS GUARDS AND PORT TRUSTS (in case ofemergency situation in coastal areas)1. Co ordinate with Police authorities.2. Provide necessary help inemergency mitigationGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 117

APPENDIX B: SITE SAFETY PLAN TEMPLATE• The Site Safety Plan below is a critical requirementand significantly meets the requirement forIncident Action Plan recommended by NDMAunder IRS.• This SSP is involved and time consuming tocomplete. Therefore, it is prudent that this formbe made a part of onsite submission by industrywith as much information as possible prefilled.• Even if a prefilled SSP is available, the RC must ensureaccuracy of the same. Often in case of units thatdon’t submit onsite plans, road accidents or evendomestic cases involving chemicals will not havepore-filled SSP• SSP is an incident specific form so it has to befilled for each incident• SSP can be filled in phases as more informationbecomes available over time during an incident.• SSP should be submitted as a part action takenreport.118 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

Site Name: Site Contact: Telephone:Location: Responsible Party Contact: Telephone:DSO Contact: Prepared By: Date Prepared:Project #: Dates of Activities:(SSP is not valid for periods longer than 12 months)Emergency Response□ Yes □ NoObjectives: Site Type: Check as many as applicable.□ Active □ Landfill □ Inner-City□ Inactive □ Railroad □ Rural□ Secured □ Residential □ Remote□ Unsecured □ Industrial □ Other (specify)Project Scope of Work and Site Background:Site Safety Approver Comments or Additional Instructions:Site Safety Plan Approver Signature: Date:Note: A minimum of two persons with appropriate training and medical surveillance must be on site for any fieldworksubject to SSP requirements.Note: A detailed site sketch or figure may be included——————————————————————————GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 119

Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances (for emergency response operations only): Day time / Large SpillsNOTE: Distance can be found in US DOT Emergency Response GuidebookInitial Isolation Distance:NOTE: Keep a maximum distance away for unknown sites until the identity of the materials is determined.Subsequent Isolation and Protection Action Zones Based on Air Monitoring Results:NOTE: Distance at sites with unknown hazards should be increased, if necessary, based on air monitoring results and site reconnaissance.Wind Speed and Direction(Approach from upwind)Temperature (oC) Relative Humidity (%) Probability of Precipitation (%) Weather Forecast(like partly cloudy,snow, etc.)Speed (mph): From Direction:On-Site Supplies: □ First Aid Kit □ Fire Extinguisher □ Air Horn □ Oral Thermometer □ Noise DosimeterKnown or Anticipated Site Hazards or Concerns: (Hazards covered by existing Safe Work Practices are listed on the next page)Work on active roadwayOnsite laboratoryExplosion or fire hazardOxygen deficiencyUnknown or poorly characterized chemical hazardsInorganic chemicalsOrganic chemicals\Chemical warfare materielCompressed Gas CylindersAsbestosRespirable particulatesRespirable silicaBlasting and explosives□ Non-ionizing radiation(lasers, radiofrequencies, UV)Ionizing radiation (alpha, beta, gamma, etc.)Heat stress□ Cold stressOverhead utilitiesBuried UtilitiesSurface or underground storage tanksGeneral slips, trips, fallsUneven, muddy, rugged terrainLift (man lift, cherry picker) useIndustrial truck (forklift) useWood or metal ladder useDangerous goods shipped by airElevated work (over 2 m high)Heavy equipment use or operationConstruction workExcavation or trenchingBenching, shoring, bracingScaffold useHigh noise□ Grinding operationsEnergized electrical systemsPortable hand tool usePortable electrical tool useMachine guardingPortable fire extinguisher useDriving commercial vehiclesDriving personal vehiclesDiving underwater operationsWork in strip or shaft minesOff-road vehicle useClandestine drug labWorking over or near water□ Mould□ District-specific safety requirements(attach to SSP)Other (insert)□ Other (insert)Other (insert)□Explosion or Fire Potential: □ High □ Medium □ Low □ Unknown120 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

Chemical Products Response Will Use or Store On Site: (Attach a Material Safety Data Sheet [MSDS] for each item.)Alconox or Liquinox Calibration gas (Methane) Hydrogen gas Isopropyl alcoholHydrochloric acid (HCl) Calibration gas (Isobutylene) Household bleach (NaOCl) HazCat KitNitric acid (HNO3) Calibration gas (Pentane) Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) Mark I Kits (number?) ________________□ Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) □ Calibration gas (4-gas mixture) □ Hexane □ Other (specify) ______________________WARNING: Eyewash solution shall be readily available on ALL projects where corrosives (acids or bases) are used.Applicable Safety Programs and Safe Work Practices (SWP). Attach to SSP:Demolition and DecontaminationTrenching and Excavation SafetyAsbestos Protection ProgramHaulage and Earth MovingLead Protection ProgramGeneral Safe Work PracticesGeneral Safe Work Practices HAZWOPERSafe Work Practices for Office RespondersSafe Drilling PracticesSafe Direct Push (GeoProbe) PracticesWorking Over or Near WaterUse of Heavy EquipmentSpecial Site Hazards (Firearms, Remote Sites, Mines, aircraft, etc.)Safe Electrical Work PracticesFall Protection PracticesPortable Ladder SafetyDrum and Container Handling PracticesFlammable Hazards and Ignition SourcesSpill and Discharge Control PracticesHeat Stress / Cold Stress / Prevention of Sun ExposureBiohazardsUnderground Storage Tank Removal PracticesSafe Lifting ProceduresHydrographic Data CollectionPermit-Required Confined Space Entry PracticesNon-Permit-Required Confined Space Entry PracticesRespirator Cleaning PracticesSafe Use Practices for Use of RespiratorsRespirator Qualitative Fit Testing Procedures□ Laboratory Soil Testing Safe Work PracticesEmployee Training and Medical Requirements:Basic Training and MedicalInitial 40 Hour Training8-Hour Supervisor Training (one-time)Current 8-Hour Refresher TrainingCurrent Medical Monitoring Clearance (including respirator use)Current First Aid TrainingCurrent CPR TrainingCurrent 8-Hour Refresher Training□ Current Respirator Fit-TestOther Specific Training and Medical Surveillance RequirementsConfined Space TrainingLevel A TrainingRadiation TrainingIndustry Specific Specialist ______________________________________Asbestos Awareness TrainingOther _________________________________________________________□ Other _________________________________________________________GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 121

MATERIALSPRESENT ORSUSPECTED AT SITEHIGHESTOBSERVEDCONCENTRATION(SPECIFY UNITSAND SAMPLEMEDIUM)EXPOSURE LIMIT(SPECIFYPPM OR MG/M3)PEL = ppm, REL = ppmTLV =[Skin] Hazard □IDLH LEVEL(SPECIFYPPM OR MG/M3)PRIMARY HAZARDS OF THEMATERIAL (EXPLOSIVE,FLAMMABLE, CORROSIVE,TOXIC, VOLATILE, RADIOACTIVE,BIOHAZARD, OXIDIZER, OROTHER)SYMPTOMSAND EFFECTSOF ACUTEEXPOSUREPHOTOIONIZATIONPOTENTIAL (EV)ppm eVPEL = n/a, REL =TLV =[Skin] Hazard □PEL = REL =TLV =[Skin] Hazard □PEL = REL =TLV =[Skin] Hazard □PEL = REL =TLV =[Skin] Hazard □PEL = REL =TLV =[Skin] Hazard □PEL = REL =TLV =[Skin] Hazard □PEL = REL =TLV =[Skin] Hazard □Specify Information Sources: NIOSH Pocket Guide to Hazardous Chemicals, September 2005 and American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH).“Threshold Limit Values and Biological Exposure Indices for 2009.”Note: In the Exposure Limit column, include Ceiling (C) and Short-Term Exposure Limits (STEL) if they are available. Also, use the following short forms and abbreviations tocomplete the table above.A = Air IDLH = Immediately dangerous to life or health PEL = Permissible exposure limitCARC = Carcinogenic mg/m3 = Milligram per cubic meter ppm = Part per millioneV = Electron volt NA = Not available REL = Recommended exposure limitU = Unknown NE = None established S = SoilTLV = Threshold limit value122 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

Note: If no contingency level of protection is selected, all Responders covered under this plan must evacuate the immediate site area if air contaminant levelsrequire upgrading PPE.Field Activities Covered Under this SSP:Task Description Level of ProtectionDate of ActivitiesPrimary Contingency12345□ A □ B □ C □ D □ A □ B □ C □ D□ A □ B □ C □ D □ A □ B □ C □ D□ A □ B □ C □ D □ A □ B □ C □ D□ A □ B □ C □ D □ A □ B □ C □ D□ A □ B □ C □ D □ A □ B □ C □ DSite Personnel and Responsibilities (Include Responders from the Responsible Party):Responder Name and Location Task(s) ResponsibilitiesICSSOOPS OfficerEntry TeamDecon Team••••••Note: See next page for details on levels of protectionGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 123

NOTE: Contingency level of protection section should be completed only if the upgraded level of protection is immediately available at the job site. If no contingencylevel of protection is denoted, all responders covered under this SSP must evacuate the immediate site area if air contaminant levels would require an upgrade of PPE.Protective Equipment: (Indicate type or material as necessary for each task.)Task #Primary Level ofProtection(A,B,C,D)PPE Component Description (Primary)Respirator type:Cartridge type (if applicable):CPC material:Glove material(s):Boot material:Other:Respirator type:Cartridge type (if applicable):CPC material:Glove material(s):Boot material:Other:Respirator type:Cartridge type (if applicable):CPC material:Glove material(s):Boot material:Other:Contingency Level ofProtection(A, B, C, D)PPE Component Description (Contingency)Respirator type:Cartridge type (if applicable):CPC material:Glove material(s):Boot material:Other:Respirator type:Cartridge type (if applicable):CPC material:Glove material(s):Boot material:Other:Respirator type:Cartridge type (if applicable):CPC material:Glove material(s):Boot material:Other:Respirator type:Cartridge type (if applicable):CPC material:Glove material(s):Boot material:Other:Respirator type:Cartridge type (if applicable):CPC material:Glove material(s):Boot material:Other:Respirator Notes:Respirator cartridges may only be used for a maximum time of 8 hours or one work shift, whichever is less, and must be discarded at that time. For job siteswith organic vapours, respirator cartridges may be used as described in this note as long as the concentration is less than 200 parts per million (ppm), the boiling point isgreater than 70 °Celsius, and the relative humidity is less than 85 percent. If any of these levels are exceeded, a site-specific respirator cartridge change-out schedule mustbe developed and included in the SSP.Notes:All levels of protection must include eye, head, and foot protection. CPC = Chemical protective clothingThermoluminescent Dosimeter (TLD) Badges must be worn during all field activities on sites with radiation hazards. TLDs must be worn under CPC.124 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

Monitoring Equipment: All monitoring equipment on site must be calibrated before and after each use and results recorded in the site logbookInstrument (Check all required) Task Instrument Reading Action Guideline Comments10 to 10% LEL Monitor; evacuate if confined space2 10 to 25% LEL Potential explosion hazard; notify SSC□ Combustible gas indicator model:34Explosion hazard; interrupt task; evacuate>25% LEL□ 5site; notify SSO & DSO1>23.5% Oxygen Potential fire hazard; evacuate site2 23.5 to 19.5% Oxygen Oxygen level normal□ Oxygen meter model:34Oxygen deficiency; interrupt task; evacuateThree times backgroundsite; notify SSO & DSOknown to be free of radiation sources.□ Photoionization detector model:11.7 eV 10.6 eV□ 10.2 eV □ 9.8 eV□ Other (specify): ____________1234□ 5Any response abovebackground to 5 ppmabove background> 5 to 500 ppm abovebackground> 500 ppm abovebackgroundLevel B is recommendedLevel Ca may be acceptable These action levels are for unknown gasesor vapours. After the contaminants areidentified, action levels should be based onLevel Bthe specific contaminants involved.1 background to 5 ppmLevel Ca may be acceptable These action levels are for unknown gasesAny response aboveLevel B is recommended2 above backgroundor vapours. After the contaminants are□ Flame ionization detector model:3 >5 to 500 ppm aboveidentified, action levels should be based 4Level Bbackgroundthe specific contaminants involved.□ on5>500 above background Level ASpecify:1The action level for upgrading the level of2 Specify:protection is one-half of the contaminant’s□ Detector tube models:3 < 1/2 the PELPEL. If the PEL is reached, evacuate the site4 > 1/2 the PELand notify the SSO & DSO.□ 51Specify: Specify:2□ Other (specify):34□ 5Notes: eV= electron volt LEL=Lower explosive limit mrem=Millirem PEL=Permissible exposure limit ppm=Part per millionLevel AGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 125

Project-Specific Industrial Hygiene Requirements Emergency Contacts: Telephone No.Chemical Regulated by OSHA in USA:Check any present on the job site in any medium (air, water, soil)□ No chemicals below are located on the job site□ Friable Asbestos□ Silica, crystalline□□ alpha-NapthylamineMethyl chloromethyl ether□ 3,3’-Dichlorobenzidine (and its salts)□ bis-Chloromethyl ether□□ beta-Napthylamine□ Benzidine□ 4-Aminodiphenyl□ Ethyleneimine□ beta-Propiolactone2-Acetylaminoflourene□□ 4-Dimethylaminoazobenzene□ N-nitrosomethylamineVinyl chloride□ Inorganic arsenic□□ LeadChromium (VI)□□ Cadmium□ BenzeneCoke oven emissions□□ 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane□ AcrylonitrileEthylene oxide□□ Formaldehyde□ Methylenedianiline□ 1,3-ButadieneMethylene chlorideMedical Monitoring Physician:24-hour Anonymous Hazard Reporting Line:National Ministry of Forestry & Environment:District Control Room:Poison Control:Fire department:Police department:Personnel Call-Down List:Job Title or Position: Name Mobile Phone:District Safety Officer:Incident Commander:Site Safety Officer (SSO):Responsible Party SSO:Other: __________________________Medical and Site Emergencies: Telephone No.Signal a site or medical emergency with three blasts of a loud horn (car horn, fog horn,or similar device). Responders should evacuate to the rally points as designated onthe site map.Hospital Name:Address:General Phone:Emergency Phone:Ambulance Phone:Hospital called to verify emergency services are offered? YES □ NO □Detailed Route to Hospital: (see Page 11 of 12 for route map)Note: This page must be posted on site.126 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

Decontamination ProceduresThe Site Safety Sfficer (SSO) overseas implementation of response decontaminationprocedures and is responsible for ensuring they are effective.Personnel DecontaminationLevel D Decon - Wet DryLevel C Decon - □ Wet □ DryLevel A or B Decon – Briefly outline the level Aor B decontamination methods to be used ona separate page attached to this SSP.Equipment DecontaminationAll tools, equipment, and machinery fromthe Exclusion Zone (hot) or ContaminationReduction Zone (warm) are decontaminatedin the CRZ before they are removed tothe Support Zone (cold). Equipmentdecontamination procedures are designedto minimize the potential for hazardous skinor inhalation exposure, cross-contamination,and chemical incompatibilities.Respirator DecontaminationRespirators are decontaminated, disinfected,and stored in clean bags.Waste Handling for DecontaminationProcedures for decontamination waste -all waste must be fully characterized anddisposal must meet all applicable local,state, and national regulations prior to anydisposal action.Decontamination EquipmentWashtubsBucketsScrub brushesPressurized sprayerDetergent [Type]Solvent [Type]□ Household bleach solutionConcentration/Dilution: _________Deionized waterDisposable sanitizer wipesFacemask sanitizer powderWire brushSpray bottleTubs / poolsBanner/barrier tapePlastic sheetingTarps and polesTrash bagsTrash cansDuct tapePaper towelsFolding chairs□ OtherEmergency Response PlanningDuring the pre-work briefing and daily tailgate safety meetings, allresponders will be trained in the provisions this SSP, site communicationsystems, site evacuation routes and rally points, and location of the hospital.In the event of an emergency that necessitates evacuation of a work taskarea or the site, the following procedures will take place.• The SSOwill advise all responders of the emergency using the on-sitecommunications and notify the DSO.• The personnel will proceed along site roads to a safe distance upwind fromthe hazard source.• The responders will collect at the primary or alternate rally point at (providelocations):Primary ___________________________________________________Alternate __________________________________________________• The responders will remain in the rally point until the SSO or an authorizedindividual provides further instructions.In the event of a severe spill or a leak, site personnel will follow the procedureslisted below.• Evacuate the affected area and relocate responders to an upwindlocation.• Inform the SSO and the District Safety Officer immediately.• Locate the source of the spill or leak, and stop the flow if it is safeto do so.• Begin containment and recovery of spilled or leaked materials.• Notify appropriate local, state, and national agencies.In the event of severe weather, site personnel will follow the procedureslisted below.• Site work shall not be conducted during severe weather, includinghigh winds and lightning.• In the event of severe weather, stop work, lower any equipment (drill rigs)and evacuate the affected area.• Severe weather may cause heat or cold stress.All work-related incidents must be reported; you should:• Notify Medical Monitoring Physician at ______________________• Notify your Site Safety Officer (SSO) or District Safety Officer (DSO) via phoneimmediately.GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 127

Site Map:128 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

Hospital Route Map:Note: A test drive should be conducted to establish a good route to the hospital location. Verbal verification from the hospital emergency room should also be obtained toensure that the hospital will accept chemically contaminated patients.GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 129

APPROVAL AND SIGN-OFF FORMProject #: __________________________I have read, understood, and agree with the information set forth in this Site Safety Plan and will follow the direction of the Site Safety Officer (SSO) as well asprocedures and guidelines established in the Safety Policy Manual. I understand the training and medical requirements for conducting field work and have met theserequirements.Name Company / Agency / Organization Signature DateI have read, understood, and agree with the information set forth in this Site Safety Plan and will comply with and enforce this SSP, as well as procedures and guidelinesestablished in the Safety Policy Manual.Name Site-Specific Position Signature DateIncident CommanderSite Safety Officer130 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

APPENDIX C: PAC SHEET ILLUSTRATION FORINDUSTRIAL EMERGENCYILLUSTRATION PURPOSE ONLYEmergency Scenario Description: 10T Chlorine Bullet leak at Naamwala Chemicals, Gram, District (0261)SN1PERSON ACTION COMMUNICATIONPRIMARY ALTERNATE ACT RESOURCE WHOM HOW WHATa. Team of trainedworkers,IncidentController(Anand Saxena)(RahulPawar)a. Attend to leakagewith maintenanceteam.b. Start transferactivity.c. Use neutralizingmedium for spilledliquid, fog andwater curtain toprevent spread.equipment forrepairs, emergencykit, local exhaust,SCBAs, specialquick settingcement.b. Permanent pipingarrangement fortransfer to otherstorage vessel.c. Neutralizingmedium, gasscrubbingarrangement,water for creatingfog and watercurtain.SiteControllerINT: 202,O: 232432,M: 9823243534Chlorine leak from pipe ofbulk storage tank, flow beingstopped temporarily byusing cement, transfer beingstarted, Help of Fire Brigadefor fog and water curtainneeded, Assessed quantityspilled about 300 kg andthat leak may start again ifcement gives way.GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 131

SN2PERSON ACTION COMMUNICATIONPRIMARY ALTERNATE ACT RESOURCE WHOM HOW WHATa. Assess consequencesof the emergency,the area likely to beaffected presentlyand if escalated -Site Controllerincluding zone ofisolation, additionalhelp required fromresponding agenciesand mutual aidpartners.b. Coordinate actions with(Kunjan Parsi)(Neeraj Patel)Incident Controllerfor staff, material,equipment, expertsadvice and arrange forhelp.c. Identify if all workersare safe and arrangefor rescue wherenecessary.d. Arrange communicationcentre for media,families.a. Templates,windsock, plant a. District Collectorand area mapb. Internalb. Policetelephonec. Transport forc. Fire Brigadeinjuredd. Communicationd. Medical Officercentree. FactoryInspectorf. Mutual Aidrepresentativea. O: 252483,R: 254218,M:9881367074b. O: 243454,R: 235434,M:9324834956c. O: 223241,R: 212324,M:9786568899d. O: 237548,R: 224844,M:9921237527e. O: 269874,R: 263254,M:9766303009f. O: 234353,R: 253453,M:9834323453g. O: 271258,R: 254514,M:9823548759a-f. The nature of emergency,consequences, area likely tobe affected presently and ifemergency is escalated, whathelp is requiredg. Nature of emergency, arealikely to be affected andprecautions to be taken bypublic at largeg. Media132 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

SN3PERSON ACTION COMMUNICATIONPRIMARY ALTERNATE ACT RESOURCE WHOM HOW WHATDistrictCollector(Asim Sheikh)Asst. DistrictCollector(Shyam Mittal)a. Confirm that Police,Fire Brigade andMedical Officer havereceived informationand activated theirPlan. Direct themsuitably.b. Direct concernedRevenue official forevacuation, shelteringarrangement wherevernecessary.c. Monitor situation atfactory continuouslyand in the affectedarea and issuesdirections torespondersd. Requisition fromAuthorities andAgencies (bothGovernment andPrivate) such asTransportation, Water,Electricity Providers asnecessary.e.Arrange Media Centreto give informationto media, public,families.a-d. Area map,vulnerabilitya. Policetemplates,telephonese. Communicationb. Fire Brigadecentrec. Medical officerd. State Transportdepot managere. Electricity boardofficialsa. O: 243454,R: 235434,M:9324834956b. O: 223241,R: 212324,M:9786568899c. O: 237548,R: 224844,M:9921237527d. O: 242587,R: 284522,M:9865842135e. Electricityboard officialsf. O: 265489,R: 254824,M:9881568748g. O: 271548,R: 254621,M:9921578468h. O: 269387,R: 242154,M:9922458789i. O: 271258,R: 254514,M:9823548759j. O: 265398,R: 274682,M:9368754125a. Inform Police about nature ofemergency, persisting winddirection, affected areas, isolationarea, arrangement for warning andpreparation for evacuation.b. Inform Fire Brigade about natureof emergency, wind direction,casualties in the factory,rescue requirement, mitigationrequirements.c. Inform medical officer about natureof emergency, casualties in thefactory, area likely to be affected.Direct medical officer to alerthospitals in the area.d. Inform State Transport depotmanager about nature ofemergency, likely affected area.Direct him to keep buses ready withdrivers, full with fuel and awaitinstructions from DC/police.e. Direct electricity board officials toensure constant electric supply tothe area.GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 133

SN34PERSON ACTION COMMUNICATIONPRIMARY ALTERNATE ACT RESOURCE WHOM HOW WHATFire BrigadeChiefDeputyFire Chief(PurshottamAgarwal)a. Arrange for watercurtains and fogaround the spilledliquid chlorine inassociation with thefactory fire team.a. Water, nozzlesfor fog andcurtain, firetenders, SCBAs.f. Water supplyofficer(Mr. Arun Iyer)g. Supply officer(Revenue Dept.)(Mr.S.G.Kulkarni)h. Station Master,Anandnagari. Mediaj. Outside DistrictAuthorities(neighbouringdistricts, Stateauthority)a. Fire Brigade(neighbouringDistrict)a. O: 223241,R: 212324,M:9786568899b. O: 237548,R: 224844,M:9921237527c. O: 252483,R: 254218,M:9881367074f. Direct water supply officer to ensurecontinuous water supply with properpressure.g. Alert supply officer (revenue dept.)and instruct him to be ready toarrange to evacuate people incoordination with police and toarrange for providing safe shelters,food.h. Direct station master, Anandnagar tostop the traffic on the railway linepassing through the area likely to beaffected.i. Arrange for informing public throughlocal cable TV, SMS, local FM Radio,PA system.j. Request for all additional helprequired to mitigate the emergencya. Request for fire tenders.134 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

SN45.PERSON ACTION COMMUNICATIONPRIMARY ALTERNATE ACT RESOURCE WHOM HOW WHAT(DhanajayTambe)PoliceSuperintendent(Bhupinder Singh)Deputy PoliceSuperintendent(Sheela Sagar)b. Rescue the affectedpersons. Evacuatethem and othercasualties and handover to medical team.a. Cordon off area, stoptraffic going towardsaffected area.b. Arrange for warningpublic.c. Arrange for personnelat various spots tomaintain law andorder.b. Fire tender withextendible ladders,SCBAs, stretchers,b. Medical Officerarrangement tolower the stretchersfrom height.c. District Collectora. Barricadesb. PA system fixed ona jeepc-e. Police Personnel,vehiclesa. Commandant HomeGuardsb. Commandant CivilDefencec. State TransportManagerb. Inform location ofaffected, rescuedpersons.c. Request for additionalassistance from FireBrigade of neighbouringcities, districts ifrequired.a. O: 274521, a. Inform where they areR: 265628,M:9326587418b. O: 271258,R: 265874,M:9823587458c. O: 274485,R: 266582,M:9921587485needed and about actionto be taken.b. Inform where they areneeded and about actionto be taken.c. Request to arrange busesto evacuate people frompublic congregation andhutments.d. Send Police to publiccongregation to askthem to stay confined.f. Telephone d. District Collector d. O: 252483,R: 254218,M:9881367074e. O: 275624,R: 254824,M:9890254781d. Inform ground-status andrequest for additionalarrangements ormeasures to be taken.GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 135

SN56.7PERSON ACTION COMMUNICATIONPRIMARY ALTERNATE ACT RESOURCE WHOM HOW WHATe. Make arrangements toevacuate dwellers fromneighbouring hutments,which are likely to beaffected. Hand overcharge of evacuees torevenue officer.e. NeighbouringDistrictHeadquarterse. Inform emergency and askfor additional staff andresourcesf. Interact continuouslywith site controller andDistrict Collector.Medical Officer(Smriti Jain)Asst. MedicalOfficer (LeelaJain)a. Arrange for ambulances,doctors and staff.b. Arrange for oxygen andother requirements foremergency treatment.a. Ambulances,Doctors, Nursingstaffb. Oxygen CylindersIdentified hospitalsand doctorsa. O: 254287,R: 256428,M:9960254713a. Inform about nature ofemergency, and ask themto be ready for treatment.Inform about likelynumber of casualtiesand ask them to makebeds available promptly,dispatch ambulancesand pick up casualties incoordination with Policeand other authorities.State TransportManager (PrabhaRao)Asst. StateTransportManager (PunitMalhotra)a. Keep vehicles readywith drivers andwith sufficient fuel.Ascertain number ofbuses, pick points,routes and destinationsfrom District Collectorand Police. Dispatchvehicles with necessaryinstructions to driversas directed by Police/ District Collectorfor evacuation, orfor transportation ofprovisions.a. Buses, watertankers, Drivers.a. Police/DistrictCollectora. O: 243454,R: 235434,M:9324834956/ O: 252483,R: 254218,M:9881367074b. O: 254872,R: 274215,M:9766245842a. Details of requirementsof buses, pickup points,routes, destinations136 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

SN78.910.PERSON ACTION COMMUNICATIONPRIMARY ALTERNATE ACT RESOURCE WHOM HOW WHATb. Arrange for more vehiclesfrom other depots ifb. Telephonerequired.b. Other depotsfor additionalvehiclesb. Requirement foradditional vehiclesFactory Inspectorin-charge ofDistrict (AkashSatpute)Deputy FactoryInspector(Manish Giri)a. Visit site in coordination withtechnical experts.b. Investigate accident in duecourse.a. Respond with appropriatetechnical advice to thefactory, District Collector,Police, Fire Brigade, medicalofficer, factory inspector.a. Transportarrangement.b. Investigation forma. Own expertise,technical referencelibrary, internetfacility, telephonea. Expertsb. Mutual AidMembersa. Factorya. O: 264489,R: 272548,M:9326548713b. O: 254687,R: 269824,M:9422875414a. O: 271254,R: 271486,M:9881574825b. O: 269874,R: 263254,M:9766303009a. Inform aboutemergency and seektheir technical advice.b. Direct to provideassistance in handlingemergency.Technical Expert(Kamal Menon)(Taslim Shetty),(Pritam Kaur)c. O: 252483,R: 254218,M:9881367074a-e. Technical advice forhandling emergencyb. Visit site in coordinationwith District Collector,Factory Inspector to providenecessary advice.b. Vehicleb. Factoryinspectord. O: 223241,R: 212324,M:9786568899e. O: 237548,R: 224844,M:9921237527Pollution ControlBoard Member(Girija Gavasane)Asst. Member,PCB (TejasThankur)Project areas to be affected andmonitor chlorine concentration Monitoring equipment - - -levels at various spotsGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 137

SN111213141516PERSON ACTION COMMUNICATIONPRIMARY ALTERNATE ACT RESOURCE WHOM HOW WHATElectricity Board(Neelam Muni)(Prabhu D Silva)Ensure uninterrupted electricsupply to the factory and at- - - -sheltersAnimal Husbandry(Helen Kejwal)(Jeevan Ganesh)Provide necessary care for cattleof the dairies, arrange for - Veterinary doctorveterinary doctor.O: 343543, L:345654, M: Look after the cattle9567545679AgricultureDepartment(Anish Jadhav)(Mandeep- - - - -Kishor)Civil Defence andHome Guards (Raj Raisoni)(Rita Kapoor)a. Co-ordinate with Police andarrange to control traffic,assist in evacuation. Monitoring equipment - - -b. Assist Police for security ofevacuated property.PWD/WaterSupply (Reshami (Deepak Katti)Sood)a. Ensure continuous watersupply with adequate a. Waterpressure for Fire Brigade.b. Arrange drinking water atshelters.- - -b. Drinking waterc. Ensure water for the cattle. c. Water for cattleCivil SuppliesDepartment(Dilip Sahani)(RameshMehendale)Arrange for food, water andother basic amenities asnecessary for evacueesFood, water and other- - -basic amenities138 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

SN171819PERSON ACTION COMMUNICATIONPRIMARY ALTERNATE ACT RESOURCE WHOM HOW WHATMutual Aid Groupco-ordinator(Kishor Gupta)(Meenal Dev)a. Ascertain what equipment,material, personal protectiveequipment are required andarrange to deliver it as fastas possible where that maybe of use.b. Render technical assistance.a. Emergencyresponseequipments,PPEs, SCBAs,Trainedpersonnel,Ambulances, FireTenders.b. Technicalexpertise.a. Affectedfactoryb. Members ofthe MutualAid Group.a. O: 265842,R: 235684,M:9535842456b. O: 254875,R: 265248,M:9966548725c. O: 223241,R: 212324,M:9786568899a. Find out what is needed(equipment, material,PPEs).b. Inform and request todeliver resources to theaffected factory.c. Fire Brigaded. O: 237548,R: 224844,M:9921237527c,d. Technical assistance forhandling emergency,ascertain what is needed(equipment, material,PPEs).d. MedicalOfficerRailway StationMaster (SorabMishra)Asst. StationMaster (PreetiHubbe)a. Stop trains passing throughthe affected area as advisedby District Collector. a, b) - District Collectorb. Coordinate with Police ifevacuation is necessitated.O: 252483,R: 254218,M:9881367074Ground status reportingHead of LocalGovernment Body(Gajanan Rathod)(Seema Munim)Mobilise resources requiredunder the control of the bodylike buses, shelters (communityhalls, town hall, schools), foodand water supplyEmergency Shelters,Food and WatersupplyDistrict CollectorO: 252483,R: 254218,M:9881367074Find out resources, personnelhelp requiredGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 139

SNPERSON ACTION COMMUNICATIONPRIMARY ALTERNATE ACT RESOURCE WHOM HOW WHAT20TelecommunicationDepartment(Dolly Daniels)(Rima Reddy)Ensure that communication linesare efficiently working- - - -NGO (Green City -21 Jyoti Kumar, SavePlanet - Nitu Pandey)a) Assist emergency responders.a, b) - - - -b) Help families of casualties,counsel victims.Media (RadioAnandnagar -22 Manu Mitra, CableAnandnagar - LavishJacob)Disseminate vital information to- Public at large Media channelspublic in a responsible mannerPrecautions andactions to be taken bypublicSource: MoEF Guidelines for Off-site Emergency Plans, 2010140 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

APPENDIX D: PAC SHEET FOR TRANSPORT EMERGENCYILLUSTRATION PURPOSE ONLYEmergency Scenario Description: Naphtha 15 kl tanker leak on NH 00 near Some Road at Milestone 00 kmSN1PERSON ACTION COMMUNICATIONPRIMARY ALTERNATE ACT RESOURCE WHOM HOW WHATa. Team of trainedworkers,IncidentController(Rahul Pawar)(AnandSaxena)a. Attend to leakagewith maintenanceteam.b. Start transferactivity.c. Use neutralizingmedium for spilledliquid, fog andwater curtain toprevent spread.equipment forrepairs, emergencykit, local exhaust,SCBAs, specialquick settingcement.b. Permanent pipingarrangement fortransfer to otherstorage vessel.c. Neutralizingmedium, gasscrubbingarrangement,water for creatingfog and watercurtain.SiteControllerINT: 202, O:232432, M:9823243534Chlorine leak from pipeof bulk storage tank, flowbeing stopped temporarilyby using cement, transferbeing started, Help of FireBrigade for fog and watercurtain needed, Assessedquantity spilled about 300kg and that leak may startagain if cement gives way.GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 141

2SN1PERSON ACTION COMMUNICATIONPRIMARY ALTERNATE ACT RESOURCE WHOM HOW WHATDriver, (DeepakNaik)Co-driver(Arjun Yadav)a. Call the Police. Requestpassing vehicles to informa. Phonethe police, if phone out ofrange.b. Stop vehicles and diverttraffic away from leakingtank.b. Road blockingarrangementa. PoliceControlRooma. O: 243454,R: 235434,M:9324834956b.Employerb. O: 274451,R: 254624,M:9823658422a. The tanker carrying highlyflammable Naphtha hasoverturned, there is leakage fromthe valve and there is a dangerof fire and possible explosion.Details of location. Traffic hasto be stopped. Repairs neededand spare tanker for transferof material required. Crowdis gathering and needs quickcontrol.c. Warn people by puttingup display board stating'Danger'.Police Control Police ControlRoom (PoojaMadhavan)c. Display board of'Danger'Room (Suman- -Dev)b. The details of the incident anddetails of exact location.a. Nearest a. O: 243454,PoliceStationb. DistrictCollectorc. FireBrigaded. MedicalOfficere. Mutual AidGroup coordinatorR: 235434,M:9324834956b. O: 252483,R: 254218,M:9881367074c. O: 223241,R: 212324,M:9786568899d. O: 237548,R: 224844,M:9921237527e. O: 234353,R: 253453,M:9834323453a-e. The details of the incident anddetails of exact location.142 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

SN4PERSON ACTION COMMUNICATIONPRIMARY ALTERNATE ACT RESOURCE WHOM HOW WHATLeader ofPolice team at(Mohan Patel)the spot (VipulD Souza)a. Stop traffic from bothdirections.a-d. Staff, roadblockingequipment,cautionaryboards.PolicecontrolroomO: 243454,R: 235434,M:9324834956Request for reinforcements, ifneeded, Update on status at site.b) Cordon off areato ensure thatpeople are atsafe distance.b) Cordon off areato ensure thatpeople are atsafe distance.c) Ensure that thereis no source ofignition like asmoking bidi/cigarette.d) Ensure thatthere is noblockage ofsmooth arrivalof emergencyresponders.GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 143

6SN5PERSON ACTION COMMUNICATIONPRIMARY ALTERNATE ACT RESOURCE WHOM HOW WHATa. O: 223241,a. Fire BrigadeR: 212324,M:9786568899a-c. Inform about the incident etc., if theyhave not received it earlier, monitorprogress of actions taken.b. O: 237548,b. Medical OfficerR: 224844,M:9921237527d. Inform about the incident and location,and direct him to arrange for acrane and a spare tanker. Directhim further to reach the spot.DistrictCollector(Ashok Mitra)AssistantDistrictCollector(Meenal Gujar)Ascertain typeof accidentand possibleconsequences-c. Mutual Aid Groupc. O: 254687,R: 269824,M:9422875414d. O: 275424,R: 256524,M:9922548732e. O: 245248,R: 265624,M:9822487588e. Requisition for resources such ascrane, spare tanker with pumpingarrangement, if requiredd. Road transportAuthorityf. Inform about incident and direct toseek appropriate technical advicee. Provider of crane,spare tanker withpumping arrangementf. Factory inspectorFire BrigadeChief (ManuTandon)Deputy incharge-FireBrigade (ShyamMittal)Send a firetender to the Fire tender - - -spot.144 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

78SN9PERSON ACTION COMMUNICATIONPRIMARY ALTERNATE ACT RESOURCE WHOM HOW WHATMedical Officer(Kiran Joshi)Road TransportAuthorityChief (ManishKatgiri)AssistantMedicalOfficer(NareshSachdev)Deputy officer,RTA (PritamHolgi)Arrange to send anambulance from aAmbulancesource nearest tothe spot.a. Arrange forresourcesrequired suchas crane,spare tankerwith pumpingarrangementb. Proceed tothe spot forrenderingassistancea. Resourcedirectoryb. VehicleHospitals(Sanjeevani Hospital)Nearest providerof crane, sparetanker with pumpingarrangementsO: 245256, R: 256524,M:9921545874O: 266354, R: 254521,M:9822548785Inform about the incident.Request them to be in stateof readiness if there are fire/explosive casualties.Requisition for crane, spare tankerwith pumping arrangement.c. Initiateaccidentinvestigationc. Accidentinvestigationreport formatFactoryInspector(MallikarjunRao)DeputyFactoryInspector(KrishnaPandit)a. Arrange fortechnicalassistancefrom technicalexpertsb. Direct MutualAid Groupto renderassistancea. Resourcedirectory- - -b. TelephoneGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 145

SN1011PERSON ACTION COMMUNICATIONPRIMARY ALTERNATE ACT RESOURCE WHOM HOW WHATMutual AidGroupCo-ordinator(Ashok Anand)(Seema Roy)a. Arrange forresourcesrequired suchas crane,spare tankerwith pumpingarrangementb. Proceed to thespot withtechnicalexperts forrenderingassistancec. Initiateaccidentinvestigationa. Availableresourcesb. Vehicles,Transportarrangementc. Accidentinvestigationreport formata. DistrictCollectorb. Policec. FireBrigadea. O: 252483,R: 254218,M:9881367074b. O: 243454,R: 235434,M:9324834956c. O: 223241,R: 212324,M:9786568899d. O: 271254,R: 265254,M:9890245587a-d. Inform and offer available resourcesto mitigate the emergencyb. Direct MutualAid Groupto renderassistanceb. Telephone d. RTAOwner ofvehicleinvolved inabove accident(Harsh Irani)Managerat Owner'sfacility(GautamFirangpani)a. Arrange forresourcesrequired suchas crane,spare tankerwith pumpingarrangementa. Availableresourcesa. DistrictCollectora. O: 252483,R: 254218,M:9881367074b. O: 243454,R: 235434,M:9324834956c. O: 223241,R: 212324,M:9786568899d. O: 271254,R: 265254,M:9890245587a-d. Inform and offer available resources tomitigate the emergency146 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

SNPERSON ACTION COMMUNICATIONPRIMARY ALTERNATE ACT RESOURCE WHOM HOW WHATb. Proceed tothe spot forrenderingassistanceb. Vehicles,Transportarrangementb. Policee. O: 254485,R: 274532,M:9921587421e. Inform about incident details and seekassistancec. FireBrigade11d. RTAe. Neighbouringowners of suchtransportationcompaniesSource: MoEF Guidelines for Off-site Emergency Plans, 2010GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 147

APPENDIX E: DIRECTORY OF KEY CONTACTSThe following is the directory of key contacts provided only for reference. The SEOC and DEOC is required to maintain an up to date contact information database.Department of Revenue publishes contact information of Gujarat government functionaries. MoEF also published “Red Book” with key contact information for chemicalemergency management. The following information is as per SCG 2008 planTable 17. Contact Directory for SCG MembersSN POSITION DEPARTMENT PHONE (OFFICE)1 Chair Person Chief Secretary, 232203722 Member Secretary Principal Secretary, Labour & Employment Department, 232200443 Member Add. Chief Secretary, Forest & Environment Deptt. 232201404 Member Secretary, Health & Family Welfare Deptt. 232200695 Member Principal Secretary , Industries & Mines Deptt. 232218146 Member Secretary ( Transport) Home Department. 23251512Secretary , ( Water Supply,) Narmada, Water Resources and Water7 Member23250812Supply Deptt.Director General and Inspector General of police, Police Bhavan,8 Member23246333Gandhinagar.9 Member Chairman, Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar. 2323240110 Member Director, Industrial Safety & Health. 2268424911 Member Chief Fire Officer, Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation 22148466Additional Chief Executive Officer, Gujarat State Disaster12 Member23259502Management Authority, Gandhinagar.13 Member4 Experts ( Industrial Safety & Health ) to be nomineted by the StateGovernment.14 MemberOne representative from industry to be nominated by the StateGovernment.148 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

SN POSITION DEPARTMENT PHONE (OFFICE)15 Shalimar Talkies 1000 No16 Ikra Islamic High School, Dehgam Chokdi 1500 No17 High School, Palej 1000 No18 Sarvajanik High School, Nabipur 1000 No19 Lallubhai G High School, Haldar 500 No20 Primary School, Rozatankaria 500 No21 Maharaj K G M Vidhyamandir, Zadeshwar 1500 No22 Shri M P Patel School, Samlod 1000 No23 Sarvajanik High School, Chanchvel 1000 NoTable 18. State and District Satellite Phone DirectorySN PERSON SATELLITE PHONE NO ALLOTTED ID BY AVAILABLE SERVICEVoice (Sat No.) Fax Data Voice (Ext. No.)1 Hon’ble Chief Minister 76 EB 5102 BE BE 762483273 762483274 762483275 7624832762 Chief Secretary 76 EB 51021 00D 762483269 762483270 762483271 7624832723 Principal Secretary (Revenue) 76 EB 51E 88AIE 762483390 762483391 762483392 7624833934 Commissioner of Relief 76 EB 51BD8C7E 762483394 762483395 762483396 7624833975 Secretary, I.T. 76 EB 518AD 122 762483334 762483335 762483336 7624833376 Collector, Ahmedabad 76 EB 51504BA8 762483295 762483296 762483297 7624832987 Collector, Amreli 76 EB 51CA02D1 762483330 762483331 762483332 762483333Voice (Sat No.) Fax Data Voice (Ext. No.)8 Collector, Anand 76 EB 5118 F062 762483299 762483310 762483311 7624833129 Collector, Baroda 76 EB 51S80F4F 762483342 762483343 762483344 76248334510 Collector, Bharuch 76 EB 5133B81D 762483420 762483421 762483422 76248342311 Collector, Bhavnagar 76 EB 517BA494 762483338 762483339 762483340 76248334112 Collector, Dahod 76 EB 51COA339 762483366 762483367 762483368 762483369GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 149

SN PERSON SATELLITE PHONE NO ALLOTTED ID BY AVAILABLE SERVICE13 Collector, Dangs 76 EB 515D88C4 762483346 762483347 762483348 76248334914 Collector, Gandhinagar 76 EB 5177C999 762483362 762483363 762483364 76248336515 Collector, Jamnagar 76 EB 5194EF03 762483374 762483375 762483376 76248337716 Collector, Junagadh 76 EB 51AO1AEB 762483412 762483413 762483414 76248341517 Collector, Kheda 76 EB 51FOBD54 762483313 762483314 762483315 76248331618 Collector, Kutch 76 EB 51D62127 762483354 762483355 762483356 76248335719 Collector, Mehsana 76 EB 51C6395B 762483350 762483351 762483352 76248335320 Collector, Navsari 76 EB 51EE2609 762483358 762483359 762483360 76248336121 Collector, Banaskantha 76 EB 51C4FB7C 762483317 762483318 762483319 76248332022 Collector, Panchmahals 76 EB 51D6217C 762483324 762483325 762483326 76248332723 Collector, Patan 76 EB 510999FC 762483292 762483293 762483294 76248332124 Collector, Porbandar 76 EB 5132A643 762483378 762483379 762483380 76248338125 Collector, Rajkot 76 EB 519CE394 762483382 762483383 762483384 76248338526 Collector, Narmada 76 EB 51F31DE9 762483398 762483399 762483410 76248341127 Collector, Sabarkantha 76 EB 51570936 762483370 762483371 762483372 76248337328 Collector, Surat 76 EB 5113266E 762483428 762483429 762483430 76248343129 Collector, Surendranagar 76 EB 5116A163 762483386 762483387 762483388 76248338930 Collector, Valsad 76 EB 51FD60B4 762483416 762483417 762483418 762483419150 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

Table 19. Contact Information for District Collectors and Municipal CommissionersSN DISTRICT STD CODE OFFICE FAXDistrict Collector of the State1 Ahmedabad 79 27551681 275521442 Amreli 2792 222307 2227103 Anand 2692 242871 2415754 Banaskantha 2742 257171 2527405 Bharuch 2642 240600 240602 519006 Bhavnagar 278 2428822 24279417 Dahod 2673 221999 2220058 Dang 2631 220201 2202949 Gandhinagar 79 23220630 2325904010 Jamnagar 288 2555869 255589911 Junagadh 285 2650201 / 2650202 265133212 Kheda 268 2550856 256534813 Kutch 2832 250020 25043014 Mehsana 2762 222200 22220215 Narmda 2640 222161 22217116 Navsari 2637 244999 28154017 Panchmahal 2672 242800 24289918 Patan 2766 233301 23305519 Porbandar 286 2243800 224252720 Rajkot 281 2473900 2479351 245362121 Sabarkantha 2772 241001 24161122 Surat 261 2471121 247241923 Surendranagar 2752 282200 28386224 Vadodara 265 2434301 243109325 Valsad 2632 253613 243417Municipal Commissioners1 Ahmedabad 70 25352828, 25321115 253546382 Vadodara 265 2433344 24330603 Rajkot 281 2224133, 2239973 22242584 Surat 261 2422244 24221105 Jamnagar 288 2552321 25544546 Bhavnagar 278 2427332 24286287 Junagadh 285 2650450 2651510GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 151

APPENDIX F: RESPONSE RESOURCES IN GUJARATTable 20. Fire Stations and Facilities in the State of GujaratFIRESTATION ZONETYPE NAME CONTACTAHMEDABADFACILITIESAVAILABLEDanapith Municipal Fire Station Danapith 079- 22148465-67 2- FireTenderGomtipur Municipal Fire Station Gomtipur 079- 22161896 1- Fire TenderJamalpur Municipal Fire Station 079- 2539759 2- Fire TenderMemnagar Municipal Fire Station 079- 27417203 2- Fire TenderManinagar Municipal Fire Station 079- 25470221 1- Fire TenderNaroda Municipal Fire Station 079- 22167715 1-Fire TenderOdhav Municipal Fire Station 079- 22875434 1- Fire TenderPanchkuva Municipal Fire Station 079- 22120388 2-Fire TenderSabarmati Municipal Fire Station 079- 27506795 1- Fire TenderShahpur Municipal Fire Station 079- 25621969 2- Fire TenderAMRELIFire StationMunicipalityAmreliMunicipalFire Officer, MunicipalityAmreli02792 – 220917 Fire TenderL & T Ltd. KovayaPublic industryFire Officer, L & T Ltd.,Kovaya02794 – 283061 Fire TenderBharat Shell Ltd.PipavavPvt IndustryFire Officer, Bharat ShallLtd. Pipavav02794 - 286063 Fire TenderANANDAnand Municipal Anand Municipality, Anand 02692 - 243944 5 Fire TenderKhambhat Municipal Khambhat Nagarpalika 928, 101 , 20222 4 Fire TenderDhuvaranPublic industryThermal Power Station ,Dhuvaran42625 , 42815 ,426232 Fire TenderONGC Public industry ONGC 21105 2 Fire TenderBorsad Municipal Borsad Nagarpalika 20101 1 Fire TenderPetlad Municipal Petlad Nagarpalika 0927 - 24101 1 Fire TenderBANASKANTHAPalanpur Municipal Fire Brigade, Palanpur. Fire TenderDeesa Municipal Fire Brigade, Deesa 222333 Fire TenderSidhpur Municipal Fire Bridge, Sidhpur 20086 Fire TenderBHARUCH152 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

FIRESTATION ZONETYPE NAME CONTACTFACILITIESAVAILABLEBharuch Municipal Nagar PalikaBharuch Public industry G.N.F.C.(O) 02642- 101-240008- 243468(O) 02642- 237300247001- 152- Fire TenderBharuch Public industry NCPL (O) 02642- 247289Bharuch Public industry G.P.E.C.(O) 02642- 288501-08Bharuch Pvt Industry Vedeocon Narmada Glass (O) 02642- 240803Bharuch Public industry NTPC, Zanor (Bharuch)(O) 02642- 287555,287488Ankleshwar GIDC GIDC Fire Station, (O) 02646- 220229 3- Fire TenderAnkleshwar Municipal Nagar Palika,Ankleshwar Pvt Industry Glenmark Pharma(O) 02646- 101-245101, 247201(O) 02646- 222265-69-781- Fire TenderAnkleshwar Public industry ONGC (O) 02646- 237546Panoli GIDC GIDC Fire Station (O) 02646- 272747,Kharach Pvt Industry Birla Cellulose(O) 02646- 270001-05Jhagadia GIDC GIDC Fire Statioon (O) 02645- 226108Jhagadia Pvt Industry Shree Ram Alkali (O) 02645- 226031Jhagadia Pvt Industry UPL - 5Jhagadia Pvt Industry Swill Ltd.(O) 02645- 226011-14(O) 02645- 226054-60Jhagadia Pvt Industry Rajeshri Profilies, Umalla 234436- 43Dahej- Vagra Public industry IPCL (O) 02641- 256272Dahej- Vagra Pvt Industry Birla copper(O) 02641- 256004-09Dahej- Vagra Public industry GCPTCL (O) 02641- 256064,Dahej- Vagra Public industry Gail, Amod(O) 02641- 231030,231001- 15Kosamba Public industry GIPCL 02629- 261063Kosamba Pvt Industry Gujarat Glass Ltd.(O) 02641- 231701-04, Ext. - 1606GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 153

FIRESTATION ZONETYPE NAME CONTACTFACILITIESAVAILABLEJambusar Municipal Jambusher Nagar Palika(O) 02644- 101-221196, 220360BHAVNAGARSubhasnagarMunicipalChief Fire Officer, NagarPalica, BhavnagarChief Fire Officer,(O) 101, (O)2424814 / 15/781 Fire TenderNirmal Nagar Municipal Nirmal NagarChief Fire Officer,(O) 101, (O)2424814 / 15/781 Fire TenderGujarat MerilineBoard, AlangMunicipal Chief Fire Officer, Alang (O) 02842 / 235147 3 Fire TenderAirport BhavnagarPublic industryAirport Manager,Bhavnagar3 Fire TenderGANDHINAGARKalol Public industry G. N. R.FireBrigade 3222742 Fire TenderKalol Public industry G. E.B.- G. N. R.Fire 3215964 Fire TenderKalol Public industry IFFCO - Kalol 223272, Fire TenderKalol Public industry O. N. G. C.- Kalol 223461 Fire TenderKalol Municipal Kalol Nagar Palika 921-233333 Fire TenderGandhinagarMunicipalFire Station GEBGandhinagar23215285 Fire TenderGandhinagarMunicipalFire Station Sector-17Gandhinagar23222742 Fire TenderGODHRA PANCHMAHALGodhraMunicipalChief Officer, Nagar Palika,Godhra(O) 02672 - 101 ,02672 - 240596 ,02672 - 2431852 Fire TenderHalolPvt IndustryGeneral Motor India Pvt.Ltd. , Halol(O) 02676- 2210002 Fire Tender & 1ambulanceSantarampur Municipal Nagar Panchayat 02675 – 220055 2 Fire TenderLunavada Municipal Nagar Panchayat 02674 - 220006 2 Fire TenderKalol Municipal Fire Brigade02676 – 235101 ,235605 , 2355661 MunicipalJAMNAGARFire Station, MunicipalCorporation, Jamnagar26626902 Public industry I.O.C., Sikka154 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

FIRESTATION ZONETYPE NAME CONTACTFACILITIESAVAILABLE3 Pvt Industry K.I.L. Sikka4 Public industry G.E.B., Sikka 23441065 Public industry G.A.O.C., Sikka6 Public industry Jetty Fire Station, Sikka7 Public industry G.S.F.C. Sikka Unit 24322008 Pvt Industry Tata Chemicals, Mithapur 2234399 Pvt IndustryReliance Industries Ltd.,Meghpar, PadanaJUNAGADH2310000Junagadh Municipal Junagadh Fire Brigade101 / 102 (0285)2620841 / 2624965Fire Tanker - 03 Nos.Capacity: (1) 4500 ltrs.(2) 3500 ltrs. (3) 2000ltrs One AmbulancePh.No.-102Una Municipal Una Fire Brigade (02875) 222220Veraval Municipal Veraval Fire Brigade (02876) 220101One 4500 ltrs capacityof water tankerTwo nos. of watertenker OneAmbulanceManavadar Municipal Manavadar Fire Station One Fire TenderKeshod Public industry Keshod Air Port One Fire TenderVeravalPvt IndustryIndian Rayon & IndustriesLtd.Two Fire TendersKHEDA MunicipalNadiad Municipal Fire Brigades, Nadiad0268 - 2550106,2560101, 2551376,2551377, 2551378Fire Tender 1KapadvanjMunicipalKapadvanj Nagar Palika,Kapadvanj02691- 252365 Fire Tender 1ThasaraMunicipalMunicipal Burro DakorThasara02699 - 2446638 Fire Tender 1ThasaraPublic industryVanakbori Thermal PowerStation, Thasara02699- 235604 ,235680Fire Tender 1Balasinor Municipal Nagar Palika , BalasinorKUTCH02690- 266188 ,267939Fire Tender 1GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 155

FIRESTATION ZONETYPE NAME CONTACTFACILITIESAVAILABLE1 Public industry2 Public industry3 Public industryFire Station, Old KandlaPort (Oil Jetty Area)Fire Station, BoosterPumping StationFire Station, New Port(Central Fire Station)4 Public industry Fire Station, Old KandlaMEHSANAMehsana Municipal District Panchayat 02762-21217 Fire TenderKalol Public industry ONGC, Kalol,Saij. 02764-23416 Fire Tenderkalol Public industry IFFCO, KALOL 02764-23271 Fire TenderPalvasana Public industry CISF, ONGC, Palvasana 02762- 54599 Fire TenderNAVSARINavsari Municipal Nagarpalika, (O) 02632- 250253 2- Fire TendersPATANPatan Municipal Fire Brigade, Patan (O) 02766-101 Fire TenderPatanMunicipalFireWaterWorks,Palika,Nagar02766-33232 Fire TenderSidhpur Municipal Fire Station, Sidhpur. 02767-20086 Fire TenderRadhanpur Municipal Fire Station, Nagar Palika,Sidhpur Municipal NagarpalikaPORBANDAR02746-77148,7718302767-20479,20618Fire TenderFire TenderFire StationPorbandarMunicipalFire Station PorbandarFire StationInchargeFire TenderFire StationAirport PorbandarPublic industryAirport PorbandarFire StationInchargeFire TenderSHV Energy LPGInfrastructure PvtLtd. PorbandarPvt IndustryTerminal Manager, SHVEnergy LPG InfrastructurePvt Ltd. Porbandar0286- 2211906 ,2243034Fire TenderSaurashtraChemicals,PorbandarPvt IndustryGeneral Manager ,Saurashtra Chemicals,Porbandar0286 - 2242478 ,2242479Fire TenderSaurashtraCements, RanavavPvt IndustryGeneral Manager ,Saurashtra Cements,Ranavav02801 - 230826 /230827 / 230828 /230829Fire Tender156 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

FIRESTATION ZONETYPE NAME CONTACTRAJKOTFACILITIESAVAILABLEChief Fire StationMunicipalKanak Road Fire Station,Nr. S.T. Bus Station, KanakRoad, Rajkot0281 - 2227222 ,1011 Mini Water Tender, 1Foam Tender, 1 Snokal,3 Resque Tanker, 5Water TankerSub Fire StationMunicipalBedipara Fire Station, Nr.Rajmoti Oil Mill, BhavnagarRoad, Rajkot1014 Water Tanker, 1 AirBoatKalavad Road Fire Station,Sub Fire StationMunicipalNr. Kotecha Chawk,101 2 Water TankerKalavad Road, RajkotSub Fire StationMunicipalMavadi Road Fire Station,Mavadi Plot, Main Road,Rajkot1011 Dewatering Pump, 1Foam Tender, 2 WaterTankerSABARKANTHAHimatnagar Municipal Nagarpalika 46720 Fire TenderModasa Municipal Nagarpalika 46450 Fire TenderSURATCentral Zone Municipal C.F.O. (O) 2422285 / 86 1 Fire FighterWireless ControlRoomMunicipalWireless Control Room101, 102, Ext- 450,324, 24141-39- 95/96Navsari Bazar Municipal Navsari Bazar (O) 3952830-1 Fire Fighter 1 WaterTankerKapodra, EastZoneAdajan, WestZoneKatargam, NorthZoneMunicipal Kapodra, East Zone (O) 3952824Municipal Adajan, West Zone (O) 3952827Municipal Katargam, North Zone (O) 39528252 Fire Fighter 2 WaterTanker1 Fire Fighter 2 WaterTanker2 Fire Fighter 1 FoamTender 2 Water TankerMandarwaja,South East ZoneMunicipalMandarwaja, South EastZone(O) 39528231 Fire Fighter 1 FoamTender 2 Water TankerPandesara, SouthZoneMajura, SouthWest ZoneMunicipal Pandesara, South Zone (O) 3952826Municipal Majura, South West Zone (O) 3952822SUREDRANAGAR2Fire Fighter 2 WaterTanker1 Fire Fighter 1 FoamTender 1 Water TankerGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 157

FIRESTATION ZONETYPE NAME CONTACTFACILITIESAVAILABLESurendranagar Municipal Fire Station Surendranagar(O) 02752- 101,102, 282250,550310Fire Tender 2Vadhwan Municipal Fire Station Vadhwan (O) 02752- 241196 , Fire Tender 1Limdi Municipal Fire Station Limdi (O) 02753-260101 Fire Tender 1Dhrangadhra Municipal Fire Station Dhrangadhra (O) 02754-261629 Fire Tender 1Limdi Public industry GEB Choraniya Fire Tender 1Neminath Jinning FactorySurendranagarPvt IndustrySurendranagar RajkotFire Tender 1Road,VADODARAVadodara Municipal Dandia Bazar, Vadodara 0265 - 2426313 5 Fire TenderVadodara Municipal Panigate, Vadodara 0265 - 2513014 5 Fire TenderVadodara Municipal Gajarwadi, Vadodara 0265 - 2420882 1 Fire TenderVadodara Municipal Makarpura, Vadodara 0265 - 2642444 3 Fire TenderVadodara Municipal Wadi, Vadodara 0265 - 2343545 4 Fire TenderVadodara GIDC GIDC , Nandesari 0265 - 2840363 1 Fire TenderVadodaraPublic industryGas Authority of India Ltd.Vadodara02668 - 262316 2 Fire TenderVadodaraPvt IndustryGujarat Dye StuffIndustries, Vadodara0265 - 2840492 ,28403522 Fire TenderVadodaraPublic industryGujarat Industries PowerCompany Ltd. Vadodara0265 - 2230186 ,22321522 Fire TenderVadodaraPublic industryGujarat Refinery Ltd,Vadodara0265 - 2233301-21 11 Fire TenderVadodaraPublic industryGujarat State Fertilizer &Chemicals Ltd., Vadodara0265 - 2272855 ,22739557 Fire TenderVadodara Pvt Industry Nirma Ltd, Vadodara02667 - 251461 ,2514622 Fire TenderVadodaraPublic industryIndian Petro ChemicalsCorporation Ltd.0265 - 2230359 ,22320119 Fire TenderVALSADSarigam Municipal Fire Station Sarigam 0260- 2780222 1 Fire TenderVapiGIDCFire Station Vapi GIDC- No.10260- 2430101 2 Fire Tender158 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

FIRESTATION ZONETYPE NAME CONTACTFACILITIESAVAILABLEVapiGIDCFire Station Vapi GIDC No.20260- 2431300 1 Fire TenderVapiMunicipalFire Station Vapi NagarPalika0260- 2460100 2 Fire TenderValsad Municipal Fire Station Valsad 02632- 242702 3 Fire TenderSarigam Pvt Industry Aarti Drugs Ltd. Ph. 0260- 278226990 m 3 water 1 Fire EntrySuitsVapi Pvt Industry Aarti Ind. Ltd.Vapi Pvt Industry Acra Pack (I) Pvt. Ltd.. 0260- 2431366,24290590260- 2421236,24228562250 m 3 water 2 FireProximity Suits90 m 3 water 1 Fire EntrySuits 1 Fire ProximitySuitsVapi Pvt Industry Aero Industries. Ph. 0260- 2425436,Vapi Pvt Industry Alok Ind. Ltd. 022- 24996200,200 m 3 water FireProximity Suits800 m 3 water 2 FireProximity SuitsDharampurPvt IndustryAnchor Electronics & Ele.P.l.02633- 242422,24841275 m 3 water 2 FireProximity SuitsAtul Pvt Industry Atul Ltd.Vapi Pvt Industry Bhageria Dye Chem. Ltd.02632- 233261,2332620260- 2424147,242714745000 m 3 water 4 FireEntry Suits 2 Fire Tender150 m 3 waterVapi Pvt Industry Bilag Ind. Pvt. Ltd. 2432443, 243244411 m 3 water 2 Fire EntrySuits 5 Fire ProximitySuits 4 Fire TenderVapiPvt IndustryBrighton Inorganics Pvt.Ltd.0260- 2426630 12 m 3 waterVapi Pvt Industry Chirag Organics Pvt. Ltd.0260- 2426836,554239120 m 3 waterGundlavPvt IndustryDemosha Chemicals Pvt.Ltd.02632- 237271,23727222 m 3 water 1 Fire EntrySuitsVapi Pvt Industry Jaysinth Dyestuff Ind. Ltd.0260- 2431263,2431542350 m 3 waterVapi Pvt Industry K. V. Aero Chem .Pvt. Ltd. 0260- 2430699,500 m 3 water 1 FireProximity SuitsVapi Pvt Industry Mack-Well Plasticizers0260- 2423495,2423496200 m 3 waterGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 159

FIRESTATION ZONETYPE NAME CONTACTFACILITIESAVAILABLEVapiPvt IndustryMaglam Drugs & OrganicsLtd.0260-2430598,70 m 3 water 1 Fire EntrySuitsVapi Pvt Industry Mazda Colour Ltd.Vapi Pvt Industry Mitsu Ltd.0260- 2432993,24531370260- 2432443,2432444350 m 3 water 1 FireProximity Suits5.5 m 3 waterVapi Pvt Industry Nascent Chemical 0260- 2430196 100 m 3 waterVapi Pvt Industry Nath Industrial chem Ltd.0260- 2424830,2420881250 m 3 waterVapiPvt IndustryNirmala Dye Chem. Pvt.Ltd.0260- 243281 120 m 3 waterVapi Pvt Industry Numet Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. 0260- 2432489 5 m 3 waterVapi Pvt Industry Pidilite Industries Ltd. 0260- 2430521,348 m 3 water 1 FireProximity Suits 1 FireTenderVapi Pvt Industry Rishi- Roop OrganicsVapi Pvt Industry Rupani Chemicals Ind.Sarigam Pvt Industry S.H.V. Energy (N-W)Sarigam Pvt Industry Sabero Org. (G) Ltd.Sarigam Pvt Industry Sandhya Dyes & Chemicals0260- 2423941,2400152022- 25038231,250325710260- 2783228,27832300260- 2782395,27823960260- 2781049,2782149100 m 3 water20 m 3 water600 m 3 water870.24 m 3 water 2 FireProximity Suits4 m 3 waterSarigamPvt IndustrySandhya IndustrialChemicals0260- 2530875,240023510 m 3 waterVapi Pvt Industry Savi Chemical Pvt. Ltd.Vapi Pvt Industry Shanti Intermediates0260- 2422816,24266900260- 2430702,242126227 m 3 water10 m 3 waterSarigam Pvt Industry Tristar Intermediates 0260- 2783378 70 m 3 waterVapi Pvt Industry United Phosphorus. P. Ltd.0260- 2432716,2432717150 m 3 water 2 FireProximity Suits 1 FireTenderSarigamPvt IndustryValiant ChemicalCorporation.0260- 2780139,278060520 m 3 water160 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

FIRESTATION ZONETYPE NAME CONTACTFACILITIESAVAILABLEVapi Pvt Industry U. P. Ltd. (Unit- 6) 9824396941 40 m 3 waterVapi Pvt Industry Dhiraj IntermediatesVapi Public industry Gujarat Krishi Chem.0260- 2432241,24290850260- 2432796,242866080 m 3 water10 m 3 waterTable 21. List of Government Municipal, and Other HospitalsSN NAME PHONE NO.AHMEDABAD1 Civil Hospital2 V.S. General Hospital3 Shardaben Hospital4 Police Hospital5 Railway Hospital6 Sal Hospital7 Sterling Hospital8 Kesar Sal Hospital9 Appolo Hospital10 Krishna Heart HospitalAMRELI1 Civil Hospital, Amreli 02792- 222587 – 1132 Pipavav Dispensary 02794 – 2860013 Mahuva Municipal Medical Unit, Mahuva4 Mahuva Vinay Heart Hospital, Mahuva.ANAND1 Local Hospital, Anand 02692-2446562 Shree Krishna Hospital, Anand 02692-222130, 233247, 2234793 Local Hospital, Khambhat 02698-2760014 Civil Hospital, Khambhat 02698-2760015 Cambay General Hospital, Khambhat6 Candy Hospital, Khambhat 0298-2760017 Local Hospital, Karamsad 02692-2313888 Local Hospital, Sojitra,9 Local Hospital, TarapurGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 161

SN NAME PHONE NO.10 Local Hospital, Umreth 02692-276055 , 27669711 Local Hospital, Petlad 02697-224645, 22474512 S.S. Hospital, Petlad 02697-224645, 22474513 Civil Hospital, Petlad 02697-224645, 22474514 Thermal Power Station, G.E.B., Dhuvaran 0298-242815BANASKANTHA1 Civil Hospital,Palanpur 02742 - 2537582 District Health Centre,Palanpur3 Mother Phc, MalanBHARUCH1 New Civil Hospital : Bharuch2 Brijlal Rungata Hospital : Bharuch3 Sevashram Hospital : Panch Batti, Bharuch4 Patel Welfare Hospital, Bharuch.5 NTPC Hospital : Zanor : Dist. Bharuch6 Samuhik Arogya Kentra, Jambusar, Dist.Bharuch,7 Patel Surgical Hospital, Ankleshwar Town. Dist.Bharuch8 Jayaben Modi Hospital, GIDC, Ankleshwar.BHAVNAGAR1 Sir T. General Hospital,2 Bajarangdas Hospital, Panvadi,3 Shantilal Shah Hopital, Near Mahila Colledge,GANDHINAGAR1 Civil Hospital, Gandhinagar2 CRP Hospital, Gandhinagar3 Sheth N.N.Sarvajanik Hospital Randheja4 Kanoria Hospital, Bhat5 IFFCO Hospital, Kasturinagar, Kalol6 New Sachivalya Dispensary7 Old Sachivalya Dispensary8 GEB DispensaryGODHRA PANCHMAHAL1 Civil Hospital, Godhra 02672- 240950, 2422052 General Hospital, Kalol 02676 – 2359373 Referral Hospital, Halol 02676 – 22011, 220297162 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

SN NAME PHONE NO.4 Referral Hospital, Jarod5 ESIC Dispensary, Godhra. 02672 – 2353906 Ayurvedic Hospital, Popatpura, Godhra7 State Hospital, Santarampur, Godhra 02675 – 2200468 Cottage Hospital, Lunawada 02674 – 2200089 Samuhik Arogya Kendra, Halol, 02676 – 22011110 Samuhik Arogya Kendra, Kalol 02676 – 235937JAMNAGAR1 Irwin Hospital, Jamnagar 25546292 Samarpan Hospital, Jamnagar 27127283 Mithapur Hospital, Mithapur 2228134 Dwarka Hospital, Dwarka 234262JUNAGADH1 General Hospital, Junagadh 0285- 26514362 Hospital, Vanthli 02872- 222192-933 Hospital, Manavadar 02874- 2212444 Hospital, Keshod 02871- 2363595 Hospital, Malia-Hatina 02870- 2222786 Hospital, Veraval 02876 – 2442987 Hospital, Prabhas Patan 02876- 2317528 Hospital, Kodinar 02795- 2215299 Hospital, Una 02875- 22204410 Hospital, Mangrol11 Hospital, Talala 02877- 22250212 Hospital, Mendarda 02872- 24135113 Hospital, Visavadar 02873- 22222114 Hospital, Bhesan15 Hospital, Sutrapada16 Hospital, Gir GadhdaKHEDA (NADIAD)1 Civil Hospital, Nadiad 0268- 2529074, 25213862 Maha Gujarat Hospital, Nadiad 0268- 2523361, 25233623 Methodist Hospital, Nadiad 0268- 25509734 General Hospital, Kheda. 02694- 224932KUTCHGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 163

SN NAME PHONE NO.1 Civil Hospital, Bhuj2 Rambaug Hospital, BhujMEHSANA1 Civil Hospital Mehsana 02762 – 2211092 District Health Centre Mehsana3 T. B. Hospital Vijapur4 Lions Hospital Mehsana 02762 - 251130NAVSARI1 Civil Hospital, Navsari City 02637 – 2503892 Babu Hospital, Navsari3 K.G.General Hospital, Shartedevi Road Navsari 256115 , 2613514 Parsi General Hospital, Luncikul, Navsari 2580215 Bhagwan Mahavir Jain Hospital, Ashanagar, Navsari6 Amuta Hospital, Navsari7 Anukur Hospital, Navsari8 Aaradlana Hospital, Navsari9 Gayati Hospital, Navsari10 KDM Gohil Hospital, Dudhiya Taluka, Navsari 259225 , 25922911 Kejal Hospital, Kaliyawadi Road, NH No.8, Navsari 23620712 Kamdar Umiya Hospital, Navsari13 Lions Hospital, Navsari 25039014 Jaykishan Hospital, Navsari 02634 – 26264915 Yashfin Hospital, Navsari 235725PATAN1 Civil Hospital, Patan 02766-333112 Civil Hospital, Sidhpur 02767-20086 / 103 Malik Hospital, Sidhpur4 Ajani Hospital, Sidhpur5 Ami Hospital, Sidhpur6 Main District Health Center, Patan7 Janata Hospital, Patan8 Ayurvedik Hospital, Patan9 Bhartiya Arogya Nidhi,PatanPORBANDAR164 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

SN NAME PHONE NO.1 Sahyog Hospital, Porbandar 0286- 22455252 Bhavsinghji Hospital, Porbandar 0286- 22409233 Rupariba Ladies Hospital, Porbandar 0286- 22468174 Asha Children Hospital, Porbandar 0286- 22469115 Siddhi Hospital, Porbandar 0286- 22460996 Royal Maternity Hospital, Porbandar 0286- 22462697 Lion's Medical Centre, Porbandar 0286- 22469068 Lohana Mahajan Hospital, Porbandar 0286- 22452489 V.V. Hospital, Porbandar 0286- 2241098RAJKOT1 Civil Hospital, Rajkot 0281 – 24402982 Doshi Hospital, Rajkot3 Zanana Civil Hospital, Rajkot4 Gondiya Hospital, Rajkot5 Civil Hospital, Jetpur 220111 , 2217726 Civil Hospital, Gondal 02825- 2200317 Civil Hospital, Padadhari 2334408 Padm Kunvarba Hospital , Rajkot 0281- 2227136 , 25719309 Govt. Hospital , Dhoraji 22013910 General Hospital Morbi 23023811 General Hospital Upleta 221462 , 221401SABARKANTHA1 General Hospital, Himatnagar2 District Health Centre, Himatnagar3 General Hospital, Bhiloda4 Aryuvedik Hospital, Himatnagar5 Aryuvedik Hospital, Idar6 Aryuvedik Hospital, Prantij7 Aryuvedik Hospital, Modasa8 Aryuvedik HospitalSURAT1 Civil Hospital (New), Surat2 Civil Hospital (Old), Surat3 ESIC Hospital, Majura Gate, SuratGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 165

SN NAME PHONE NO.4 Shree Mahavir Hospital, Surat5 Sheth P.T. General Hospital, Surat6 Seventh Day Hospital, Nanpura, Surat7 Sanjeevani Hospital, Chalthan8 Kribhco Township Hospital, Kawas9 Ashaktashram Hospital, Rampura, Surat10 Maskati Charitable Hospital, SuratSURENDRANAGAR1 Gandhi Hospital, Surendranagar 02752 – 2220502 C.J.Hospital, Surendranagar 02752 – 2202993 T.B.Hospital (C.U. Shah), Surendranagar 02752 – 2560014 Shri Ram Hospital, Surendranagar 02752 – 2255125 Govt. Hospital, Wadhwan 02752 – 2439616 Govt. Hospital, Than 02751 – 2202777 Govt. Hospital, Dhrandhra 02754 – 2626378 Govt. Hospital, Chotila 02751 – 2804229 Govt. Hospital, Bamanbore 02751 – 24038310 Govt. Hospital, Sayla 02755 – 28064211 E.S.I. HospitalVADODARA1 SSG Hospital, Vadodara 24248482 Bhailal Amin General Hospital, Vadodara 22855553 Shree Narhari Arogya Kentra, Vadodara 27944134 Railway Hospital, Vadodara 26413855 ESIC Hospital, Vadodara 23364216 Pramukhswami Hospital, Vadodara 26803137 Jalaram Hospital, Vadodara 25647858 Gujarat Refinery Medical Centre, Vadodara 22361549 IPCL Refinery, Vadodara 306722110 GSFL Refinery, Vadodara 223134211 Jamnabai Hospital, Vadodara 2517400VALSAD1 Civil Hospital, Valsad 2429112 Municipality Hospital, Valsad 244286 , 244296 , ® 2435833 Kasturba Hospital, Valsad 222481 , 244168166 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

SN NAME PHONE NO.4 Govt. Staff Quarter Dispensary, Valsad 2238465 Referral Hospital, Bhilad,6Mohanlal Daya Prasutigrah and General Hospital, KilaPardi7 Panchyat Dispensary, Umbargam8 L. G. Haria Hospital, GIDC, Vapi 2430654 , 2430206 , 24261539Haria Nursing Home, Daman Road, Near JayshreeCinema, Vapi.2430654 , 2430206 , 242615310 Vapi General Hospital, Near Apasana Market, Vapi 246000311 ESIC Hospital, Chanod Naka, Vapi 2421802GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 167

Table 22. List of Community Health Centres in GujaratDISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGEAhmadabadAhmedabadSarkhej Okaf Ahmedabad Bavla Bavla Ahmedabad Daskroi SingarvaCityAhmedabadDetroj-Detroj Ahmedabad Dhandhuka Dhandhuka Ahmedabad Dholka DholkaRampuraAhmedabad Ranpur Ranpur Ahmedabad Sanand Sanand Ahmedabad Viramgam ViramgamAmreli Babra Babra Amreli Bagasara Bagasara Amreli Dhari ChalalaAmreli Dhari Dhari Amreli Jafrabad Jafrabad Amreli Khambha KhambhaAmreli Kunkavav Vadia Vadia Amreli Kunkavav Vadia Kunkavav Moti Amreli Lathi LathiAmreli Lathi Damnagar Amreli Lilia Lilia Amreli Rajula RajulaAmreli Savar Kundla Savarkundla Anand Anand Ode Anand Anand SarsaAnand Anklav Anklav Anand Borsad Ras Anand Khambhat KhambhatAnand Petlad Mahelav Anand Petlad Dharmaj Anand Sojitra SojitraAnand Tarapur Tarapur Anand Umreth Umreth Banaskantha Amirgadh AmirgadhBanaskantha Bhabhar Bhabhar Juna Banaskantha Danta Danta Banaskantha Deesa DeesaBanaskantha Deodar Deodar Banaskantha Dhanera Dhanera Banaskantha Kankrej ShihoriBanaskantha Kankrej Thara Banaskantha Palanpur Chandisar Banaskantha Tharad TharadBanaskantha Vadgam Vadgam Banaskantha Vadgam Memadpur Banaskantha Vav VavBharuch Amod Amod Bharuch Bharuch Palej Bharuch Hansot HansotBharuch Jambusar Jambusar Bharuch Jhagadia Umalla Bharuch Jhagadia JhagadiaBharuch Vagra Vagra Bharuch Valia Valia Bhavnagar Bhavnagar VartejBhavnagar Bhavnagar Koliyak Bhavnagar Botad Paliyad Bhavnagar Botad BotadBhavnagar Gadhada Gadhada Bhavnagar Gariadhar Gariadhar Bhavnagar Ghogha GhoghaMotaBhavnagar Mahuva Jesar Bhavnagar MahuvaBhavnagar Sihor SihorKhuntavadaBhavnagar Talaja Talaja Bhavnagar Talaja Datha Bhavnagar Umrala UmralaBhavnagar Vallabhipur Vallabhipur Dohad Devgadh Baria Piplod Dohad Devgadh Baria Devgadhbaria168 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGEDohad Dhanpur Dhanpur (To) Dohad Dohad Katwara Dohad FatepuraFatepura AliasValDohad Garbada Gangarda Dohad Limkheda Singvad Dohad Limkheda LimkhedaDohad Zalod Jhalod Dohad Zalod Limdi Dohad Zalod ParthampurGandhinagar Dehgam Dehgam Gandhinagar Gandhinagar Sadra Gandhinagar Gandhinagar ChandkhedaGandhinagar Kalol Nardipur Gandhinagar Mansa Charada Gandhinagar Mansa MansaJamnagar Bhanvad Bhanvad Jamnagar Dhrol Dhrol Jamnagar Jamjodhpur JamjodhpurJamnagar Jamnagar Sikka Jamnagar Jodiya Jodiya Jamnagar Kalavad KalavadJamnagar Kalyanpur Kalyanpur Jamnagar Kalyanpur Jamraval Jamnagar Khambhalia SalayaJamnagar Lalpur Lalpur Jamnagar Okhamandal Dwarka Junagadh Bhesana BhesanJunagadh Junagadh Bilkha Junagadh Keshod Keshod Junagadh Kodinar KodinarJunagadh Malia Malia Junagadh Manavadar Manavadar Junagadh Mangrol MangrolPatan (RuralJunagadh Mendarda Mendarda Junagadh Patan-VeravalJunagadh Sutrapada SutrapadaAreaJunagadh Talala Talala Junagadh Una Una Junagadh Una Gir GadhadaJunagadh Vanthali Vanthali Junagadh Visavadar Visavadar Kachchh Abdasa NaliyaKachchh Anjar Anjar Kachchh Bhachau Janan Kachchh Bhachau LakadiyaKachchh Bhachau Bhachau Kachchh Bhuj Khavda Kachchh Bhuj BharaparKachchh Gandhidham Gandhidham Kachchh Mandvi Mandvi Kachchh Mundra MundraKachchh Nakhatrana Nakhatrana Kachchh Rapar Rapar Kheda (Nadiad) Balasinor BalasinorKheda (Nadiad) Kapadvanj Atarsumba Kheda (Nadiad) Kathlal Kathlal Kheda (Nadiad) Kheda KhedaKheda (Nadiad) Mahudha Mahudha Kheda (Nadiad) Matar Matar Kheda (Nadiad) Mehmedabad HaldarvasKheda (Nadiad) Nadiad Alindra Kheda (Nadiad) Thasra Thasra Kheda (Nadiad) Thasra DakorKheda (Nadiad) Virpur Virpur Mahesana Bechraji Bechraji Mahesana Kadi KadiMahesana Kadi Thol Mahesana Kheralu Kheralu Mahesana Mahesana LanghnajMahesana Satlasana Satlasana Mahesana Unjha Unjha Mahesana Vadnagar VadnagarGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 169

DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGEMahesana Vijapur Kolavda Mahesana Vijapur Vijapur Mahesana Visnagar VisnagarMahesana Visnagar Udalpur Narmada Dediapada Dediapada Narmada Nandod GarudeshwarNarmada Sagbara Sagbara Narmada Tilakwada Tilakwada Navsari Bansda BansdaNavsari Bansda Limzar Navsari Chikhli Chikhli Navsari Chikhli RumlaNavsari Chikhli Khergam Navsari Gandevi Gandevi Navsari Jalalpore MaroliNavsari Jalalpore Mandir Navsari Navsari Ambada Navsari Navsari KhadsupaPanchmahal Ghoghamba Ghoghamba Panchmahal Godhra Kankanpur Panchmahal Godhra TimbaPanchmahal Halol Halol Panchmahal Jambughoda Jambughoda Panchmahal Kadana KadanaPanchmahal Kalol Kalol Panchmahal Kalol Malav Panchmahal Lunawada LunawadaPanchmahal Lunawada Kothamba Palla Panchmahal Morwa Hadaf Mora Panchmahal Santrampur SantrampurPanchmahal Santrampur Sukhsar Panchmahal Shehera Shehera Patan Chanasma LanvaPatan Harij Harij Patan Patan Sander Patan Radhanpur RadhanpurPatan Sami Sami Patan Santalpur Santalpur Patan Sidhpur SidhpurPatan Sidhpur Kahoda Porbandar Kutiyana Kutiyana Porbandar Porbandar AdvanaPorbandar Ranavav Ranavav Rajkot Dhoraji Dhoraji Rajkot Dhoraji Moti MaradRajkot Gondal Kolithad Rajkot Gondal Gondal Rajkot Jamkandorna Jam KandornaRajkot Jasdan Vinchhiya Rajkot Jasdan Jasdan Rajkot Jetpur VirpurRajkot Jetpur Jetpur Rajkot Kotada Sangani Kotda Sangani Rajkot Lodhika LodhikaRajkot Maliya Maliya Rajkot Paddhari Paddhari Rajkot Tankara TankaraRajkot Upleta Bhayavadar Rajkot Upleta Upleta Rajkot Wankaner WankanerSabarkantha Bayad Bayad Sabarkantha Bayad Amodara Sabarkantha Bhiloda BhilodaSabarkantha Bhiloda Shamlaji Sabarkantha Dhansura Dhansura Sabarkantha Himatnagar GambhoiSabarkantha Himatnagar Rupal Sabarkantha Idar Idar Sabarkantha Idar ChorivadSabarkantha KhedbrahmaPoshinaSabarkantha Khedbrahma Khedbrahma Sabarkantha Malpur Malpur(Ratanpur)Sabarkantha Meghraj Meghraj Sabarkantha Modasa Madasana Sabarkantha Prantij Takhatgadh170 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGESabarkantha Prantij Prantij Sabarkantha Talod Talod Sabarkantha Vijaynagar VijaynagarSurat Bardoli Bardoli Surat Kamrej Kamrej Surat Mahuva MahuvaSurat Mahuva Anaval Surat Mandvi Areth Surat Mandvi MandviSurat Mangrol Mangrol Surat Mangrol Jhankhvav Surat Nizar NizarSurat Olpad Olpad Surat Olpad Sayan Surat Palsana PalsanaSurat Songadh Songadh Surat Uchchhal Uchchhal Surat Valod ValodSurat Vyara Vyara Surat Vyara Gadat Surendranagar Chotila ChotilaSurendranagar Chuda Chuda Surendranagar Dasada Patdi Surendranagar Dhrangadhra DhrangadhraSurendranagar Dhrangadhra Rajsitapur Surendranagar Halvad Halvad Surendranagar Lakhtar LakhtarSurendranagar Muli Muli Surendranagar Sayla Sayla Surendranagar Wadhwan WadhwanTapi Nizar Nizar Tapi Songadh Songadh Tapi Uchchhal UchchhalTapi Valod Valod Tapi Vyara Vyara The Dang The Dangs WaghaiVadodara Chhota Udaipur Zoz Vadodara Chhota Udaipur Chhota Udaipur Vadodara Dabhoi DabhoiVadodara Jetpur Pavi Jetpur Vadodara Jetpur Pavi Jabugam Vadodara Karjan KarjanVadodara Kavant Kavant Vadodara Nasvadi Nasvadi Vadodara Padra PadraVadodara Sankheda Gola Gamdi Vadodara Sankheda Sankheda Vadodara Savli SavliVadodara Sinor Mota Fofaliya Vadodara Vadodara Chhani Vadodara Vadodara PorVadodara Vaghodia Jarod Valsad Dharampur Dharampur Valsad Dharampur PindvalValsad Dharampur Pondha Jungle Valsad Kaprada Kaprada Valsad Pardi PardiValsad Pardi Rohina Valsad Pardi Vapi Valsad Umbergaon BhiladValsad Umbergaon Umbergaon Valsad Valsad DungriGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 171

Table 23. List of Primary Health Centres in GujaratDISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGEAhmadabadAhmedabadChandlodiya AhmedabadCityAhmadabadMemnagar AhmedabadCityAhmadabadRanipCityAhmedabadAhmadabadVejalpur Ahmedabad Barwala Barwala Ahmedabad Bavla BagodaraCityAhmedabad Bavla Gangad Ahmedabad Bavla Kavitha Ahmedabad Bavla NanodaraAhmedabad Daskroi Aslali Ahmedabad Daskroi Jetalpur Ahmedabad Daskroi KanbhaAhmedabad Daskroi Kasindara Ahmedabad Daskroi Kuha Ahmedabad Daskroi NandejAhmedabad Daskroi Oganaj Ahmedabad Daskroi Ramol Ahmedabad Daskroi SingarvaDetroj-AhmedabadRampura Ahmedabad Dhandhuka Bhadiyad Ahmedabad Dhandhuka DholeraRampuraAhmedabad Dhandhuka Pipli Ahmedabad Dholka Ambaliyara Ahmedabad Dholka ChalodaAhmedabad Dholka Koth Ahmedabad Dholka Transad Ahmedabad Dholka VatamanAhmedabad Mandal Mandal Ahmedabad Mandal Sitapur Ahmedabad Mandal TrentAhmedabad Ranpur Jalila Ahmedabad Sanand Modasar Ahmedabad Sanand SanathalAhmedabad Sanand Upardal Ahmedabad Sanand Zolapur Ahmedabad Viramgam KarkathalAhmedabad Viramgam Kumarkhan Amreli Amreli Ankadiya Mota Amreli Amreli ChitalAmreli Amreli Jaliya Amreli Amreli Vankiya Amreli Babra Devaliya MotaAmreli Babra Khambhala Amreli Babra Kotda Pitha Amreli Bagasara Haliyad JuniAmreli Bagasara Mavjinjva Amreli Dhari Dalkhaniya Amreli Kunkavav Vadia AnidaAmreli Kunkavav Vadia Devgam Amreli Kunkavav Vadia Luni-Dhar Amreli Lathi AnsodarAmreli Lathi Chavand Amreli Lathi Matirala Amreli Lilia GundranAmreli Lilia Krankach Anand Anand Ajarpura Anand Anand BakrolAnand Anand Boriavi Anand Anand Chikhodra Anand Anand KunjraoAnand Anand Navli Anand Anand Rasnol Anand Anand VadodAnand Anand Vaherakhadi Anand Anand Vasad Anand Anklav AnklavKhadolAnand Anklav Bamangam Anand AnklavAnand Borsad Alarsa(Haldari)172 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGEAnand Borsad Badalpur Anand Borsad Bhadran Anand Borsad DavolAnand Borsad Jharola Anand Borsad Kathana Anand Borsad Napa TalpadAnand Borsad Sisva Anand Borsad Virsad Anand Khambhat BamanvaAnand Khambhat Dhuvaran Anand Khambhat Rohni Anand Khambhat SayamaAnand Khambhat Undel Anand Khambhat Vadgam Anand Khambhat VatadraAnand Petlad Bandhni Anand Petlad Changa Anand Petlad MoradAnand Petlad Nar Anand Petlad Simarada Anand Petlad VadadalaDabhouAnand SojitraAnand Sojitra Deva Talpad Anand Tarapur Budhej(VirsadpuraAnand Umreth Bhalej Anand Umreth Bharoda Anand Umreth PansoraAnand Umreth Shili Anand Umreth Sundalpura Banaskantha Amirgadh DhanpuraBanaskantha Amirgadh Iqbalgadh Banaskantha Amirgadh Surela Banaskantha Amirgadh VirampurBanaskantha Bhabhar Balodhan Banaskantha Bhabhar Kuvala Banaskantha Bhabhar RuniBanaskantha Danta Ghorad Banaskantha Danta Hadad Banaskantha Danta JitpurNavavasBanaskantha Danta Kunvarsi Banaskantha DantaBanaskantha Danta Sembalpani(Danta)Banaskantha Dantiwada Jegol Banaskantha Dantiwada Panthawada Banaskantha Deesa BhildiBanaskantha Deesa Davas Banaskantha Deesa Jherda Banaskantha Deesa Juna DeesaBanaskantha Deesa Kuchavada Banaskantha Deesa Lakhani Banaskantha Deesa Mota KapraBanaskantha Deesa Ramsan Banaskantha Deesa Samau Motavas Banaskantha Deesa VarnodaBanaskantha Deodar Forna Banaskantha Deodar Paldi Banaskantha Deodar RaiyaBanaskantha Dhanera Bapla Banaskantha Dhanera Jadiya Banaskantha Dhanera KhimatBanaskantha Dhanera Kunwarla Banaskantha Kankrej Anganwada Banaskantha Kankrej KamboiBanaskantha Kankrej Banaskantha Kankrej Shihori Banaskantha Kankrej TervadaBanaskantha Kankrej Totana Banaskantha Kankrej Un Banaskantha Palanpur BhutediBanaskantha Palanpur Chandisar Banaskantha Palanpur Gola Banaskantha Palanpur MalanGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 173

DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGESamdhiBanaskantha PalanpurBanaskantha Palanpur Vedancha Banaskantha Tharad Bhordu(Motavas)Banaskantha Tharad Bhorol Banaskantha Tharad Duva Banaskantha Tharad MadalBanaskantha Tharad Moti Pavad Banaskantha Tharad Piluda Banaskantha Vadgam ChhapiBanaskantha Vadgam Jalotra Banaskantha Vadgam Kodaram Banaskantha Vadgam MetaBanaskantha Vadgam Pilucha Banaskantha Vadgam Vadgam Banaskantha Vav AsaravasBanaskantha Vav Dhima Banaskantha Vav Mavsari Banaskantha Vav MorwadaBanaskantha Vav Suigam Banaskantha Vav Tadav Bharuch Amod AchhodBharuch Amod Samani Bharuch Anklesvar Jitali Bharuch Anklesvar KharodBharuch Anklesvar Mandvabuzarg Bharuch Anklesvar Sajod Bharuch Anklesvar SisodaraBharuch Bharuch Derol Bharuch Bharuch Haldarwa Bharuch Bharuch JhanorBharuch Bharuch Palej Bharuch Bharuch Shuklatirth Bharuch Hansot IlavBharuch Hansot Kudadara Bharuch Jambusar Chhidra Bharuch Jambusar GajeraBharuch Jambusar Kavi Bharuch Jambusar Kora Bharuch Jambusar TankariBharuch Jhagadia Avidha Bharuch Jhagadia Bhalod Bharuch Jhagadia DharoliBharuch Jhagadia Govali Bharuch Jhagadia Jespore Bharuch Jhagadia MoriyanaBharuch Jhagadia Panetha Bharuch Jhagadia Uchedia Bharuch Vagra DahejBharuch Vagra Keshwan Bharuch Vagra Pakhajan Bharuch Valia ChasvadBharuch Valia Daheli Bharuch Valia Gundia Bharuch Valia KaraBharuch Valia Netrang Bharuch Valia Thava Bhavnagar Bhavnagar BhandariyaBhavnagar Bhavnagar Bhumbhali Bhavnagar Bhavnagar Nari Bhavnagar Bhavnagar UndeviBhavnagar Botad Bhadravadi Bhavnagar Botad Lakheni Bhavnagar Botad LathidadBhavnagar Gadhada Gadhali Bhavnagar Gadhada Khopala Bhavnagar Gadhada TatamBhavnagar Gariadhar Mangadh Bhavnagar Gariadhar Moti Vavdi Bhavnagar Gariadhar VelavadarBhavnagar Ghogha Tanasa Bhavnagar Ghogha Valukad Bhavnagar Mahuva BagdanaBhavnagar Mahuva Boda Bhavnagar Mahuva Gundarana Bhavnagar Mahuva Kalsar174 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGEBhavnagar Mahuva Kumbhan Bhavnagar Mahuva Madhiya Bhavnagar Mahuva Mota AsranaBhavnagar Mahuva Moti Jagdhar Bhavnagar Mahuva Sedarda Bhavnagar Palitana GhetiBhavnagar Palitana Nani Rajasthali Bhavnagar Palitana Nondhanvadar Bhavnagar Palitana ValukadBhavnagar Sihor Sanosara Bhavnagar Sihor Songadh Bhavnagar Sihor TanaBhavnagar Sihor Usrad Bhavnagar Talaja Pithalpur Bhavnagar Talaja TalliBhavnagar Talaja Trapaj Bhavnagar Talaja Unchdi Bhavnagar UmralaDadva(Randalna)Bhavnagar Vallabhipur Kala Talav Bhavnagar Vallabhipur Patana Dohad Devgadh Baria AntelaDohad Devgadh Baria Bhathwada Dohad Devgadh Baria Bhuval Dohad Devgadh BariaDabhva(Sagtala)Dohad Devgadh Baria Degavada Dohad Devgadh Baria Dudhiya Dohad Devgadh Baria GunaDohad Devgadh Baria Kuva Dohad Devgadh Baria Sevaniya Dohad Dhanpur AgasvaniDohad Dhanpur Kanjeta Dohad Dhanpur Mandor Dohad Dhanpur RachhavaDohad Dhanpur Ved Dohad Dohad Bhathiwada Dohad Dohad Bordi InamiDohad Dohad Borwani Dohad Dohad Jekot Dohad Dohad KathlaDohad Dohad Katwara Dohad Dohad Kharoda Dohad Dohad Moti KharajDohad Dohad Naghrala Dohad Dohad Timarda Dohad Fatepura BalaiyaDohad Fatepura Ghughas Dohad Fatepura Madhva Dohad Fatepura MargalaDohad Fatepura Moti Dhadheli Dohad Garbada Abhlod Dohad Garbada GangardiDohad Garbada Jambua Dohad Garbada Jesawada Dohad Garbada PanchwadaDohad Garbada Patiya Dohad Limkheda Chhaparvad Dohad Limkheda ChilakotaDohad Limkheda Dhadhela Dohad Limkheda Dudhiya Dohad Limkheda HandiNinamanaDohad LimkhedaDohad Limkheda Rai Dohad Limkheda SudiyaKhakhariyDohad Zalod Bilwani Dohad Zalod Chakaliya Dohad Zalod GamdiDohad Zalod Garadu Dohad Zalod Gultora Dohad Zalod KadvalGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 175

DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGEDohad Zalod Karamba Dohad Zalod Lilva Thakor Dohad Zalod MahudiDohad Zalod Mandli Dohad Zalod Mirakhedi Dohad Zalod RupakhedaDohad Zalod Sanjeli Dohad Zalod Vansiya Gandhinagar Dehgam BahiyelGandhinagar Dehgam Kadadara Gandhinagar Dehgam Kadjodra Gandhinagar Dehgam RakhiyalGandhinagar Dehgam Sanoda Gandhinagar Gandhinagar Adalaj Gandhinagar Gandhinagar Adraj MotiGandhinagar Gandhinagar Dabhoda Gandhinagar Gandhinagar Rupal Gandhinagar Gandhinagar SugadGandhinagar Gandhinagar Unava Gandhinagar Gandhinagar Unvarsad Gandhinagar Gandhinagar VadodaraGandhinagar Kalol Hajipur Gandhinagar Kalol Mokhasan Gandhinagar Kalol PansarGandhinagar Kalol Rancharada Gandhinagar Kalol Saij Gandhinagar Mansa BilodraGandhinagar Mansa Itadara Gandhinagar Mansa Mahudi Gandhinagar Mansa PundharaGandhinagar Mansa Varsoda Jamnagar Bhanvad Bhanvad Jamnagar Bhanvad GundaJamnagar Bhanvad Pachhatar Jamnagar Dhrol Jaliya Devani Jamnagar Dhrol LatipurJamnagar Jamjodhpur Ghunda Jamnagar Jamjodhpur Jamvali Jamnagar Jamjodhpur SamanaJamnagar Jamjodhpur Vansjaliya Jamnagar Jamnagar Alia Jamnagar Jamnagar BediJamnagar Jamnagar Dhutarpar Jamnagar Jamnagar Jamvanathali Jamnagar Jamnagar Lakha BavalJamnagar Jamnagar Moti Banugar Jamnagar Jamnagar Vasai Jamnagar Jodiya AmranJamnagar Jodiya Balambha Jamnagar Jodiya Hadiyana Jamnagar Kalavad BerajaJamnagar Kalavad Kalavad Jamnagar Kalavad Kharedi Jamnagar Kalavad NavagamJamnagar Kalavad Nikava Jamnagar Kalyanpur Bhatiya Jamnagar Kalyanpur LambaJamnagar Kalyanpur Ran Jamnagar Khambhalia Bhadthar Jamnagar Khambhalia MovanJamnagar Khambhalia Vachlabara Jamnagar Khambhalia Vadtra Jamnagar Lalpur DabasangJamnagar Lalpur Padana Jamnagar Lalpur Pipartoda Jamnagar Okhamandal OkhamadhiJamnagar Okhamandal Surajkaradi Jamnagar Okhamandal Varavala Junagadh Junagadh BagduJunagadh Junagadh Dungarpur Junagadh Junagadh Khadiya Junagadh Junagadh MajevdiJunagadh Junagadh Vadal Junagadh Keshod Ajab Junagadh Keshod BalagamJunagadh Keshod Kevadra Junagadh Keshod Mesvan Junagadh Kodinar Dolasa176 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGEJunagadh Kodinar Ghantvad Junagadh Kodinar Harmadiya Junagadh Kodinar VelanJunagadh Malia Amrapur Gir Junagadh Malia Bhanduri Junagadh Malia Khorasa GirJunagadh Malia Kukasvada Junagadh Manavadar Bantwa Junagadh Manavadar LimbudaJunagadh Manavadar Nakra Junagadh Manavadar Sardargadh Junagadh Mangrol Bagasra-GhedJunagadh Mangrol Juthal Junagadh Mangrol Mekhadi Junagadh Mangrol ShilJunagadh Mendarda Datrana Junagadh Mendarda Dedakiyal Junagadh Patan-Veraval AdriJunagadh Patan-Veraval Ajotha Junagadh Patan-Veraval Govindpara Junagadh Sutrapada DhamlejJunagadh Sutrapada Pransli Junagadh Sutrapada Prashnavda Junagadh Sutrapada ThareliJunagadh Talala Ankolvadi Junagadh Talala Dhava Junagadh Una DelwadaJunagadh Una Dhokadva Junagadh Una Jamvala Junagadh Una SamterJunagadh Una Simar Junagadh Una Tad Junagadh Vanthali KanjhaJunagadh Vanthali Shapur Junagadh Vanthali Thanapipli Junagadh Visavadar BhalgamJunagadh Visavadar Kotda Mota Junagadh Visavadar Monpari Moti Kachchh Abdasa KotharaKachchh Abdasa Mothala Kachchh Abdasa Tera Kachchh Abdasa VayorKachchh Anjar Bhimasar Kachchh Anjar Dudhai Kachchh Anjar KhedoiAdholKachchh BhachauKachchh Bhachau Dholavira Kachchh Bhachau Katariya Juna(Pasakayara)Kachchh Bhachau Manfara Kachchh Bhuj Dhaneti Kachchh Bhuj DhoriKachchh Bhuj Gorewali Kachchh Bhuj Kera Kachchh Bhuj KodkiKachchh Bhuj Kukma Kachchh Lakhpat Dayapar Kachchh Lakhpat GhaduliKachchh Lakhpat Matana Madh Kachchh Mandvi Darashadi Kachchh Mandvi GadhsisaKachchh Mandvi Godhra Kachchh Mandvi Talvana Kachchh Mundra VankiKachchh Nakhatrana Deshalpar Kachchh Nakhatrana Mangvana Kachchh Nakhatrana NetraKachchh Nakhatrana Nirona Kachchh Nakhatrana Vithon Kheda Balasinor JanodKheda Balasinor Othvad Kheda Balasinor Pandva Kheda Kapadvanj AntisarKheda Kapadvanj Antroli Kheda Kapadvanj Moti Zer Kheda Kapadvanj NirmaliGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 177

DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGEKheda Kapadvanj Torna Kheda Kapadvanj Vaghas Kheda Kathlal AnaraKheda Kathlal Bharkunda Kheda Kathlal Chared Kheda Kathlal LasundraKheda Kheda Naika Kheda Kheda Radhu Kheda Kheda Vasna MargiyaKheda Mahudha Alina Kheda Mahudha Chunel Kheda Mahudha Nani KhadoliKheda Mahudha Sanali Kheda Matar Alindra Kheda Matar DaloliKheda Matar Khandhli Kheda Matar Limbasi Kheda Matar TrajKheda Mehmedabad Ghodasar Kheda Mehmedabad Kanij Kheda Mehmedabad ModajKheda Mehmedabad Sihunj Kheda Mehmedabad Varsola Kheda Nadiad AkhdolKheda Nadiad Chaklashi Kheda Nadiad Maholel Kheda Nadiad NarsandaKheda Nadiad Palana Kheda Nadiad Pij Kheda Thasra ChetarsumbaKheda Thasra Dhunadara Kheda Thasra Menpura Kheda Thasra NesKheda Thasra Pipalvada Kheda Thasra Wanghroli Kheda Virpur DebhariMahesana Becharaji Modhera Mahesana Becharaji Rantej Mahesana Kadi DangarvaMahesana Kadi Kalyanpura Mahesana Kadi Khavad Mahesana Kadi MedhaMahesana Kadi Nandasan Mahesana Kadi Rajpur Mahesana Kadi SurajMahesana Kheralu Chansol Mahesana Kheralu Dabhoda Mahesana Kheralu PanchhaMahesana Mahesana Akhaj Mahesana Mahesana Ambaliyasan Mahesana Mahesana BalolMahesana Mahesana Bamosana Mahesana Mahesana Chhathiyarda Mahesana Mahesana JagudanMahesana Mahesana Jotana Mahesana Mahesana Kherva Mahesana Mahesana LinchMahesana Mahesana Mitha Mahesana Satlasana Satlasana Mahesana Satlasana SudasanaMahesana Unjha Bhunav Mahesana Unjha Kamli Mahesana Unjha KanthraviMahesana Unjha Unava Mahesana Unjha Upera Mahesana Vadnagar KarbatiyaMahesana Vadnagar Shahpur (Vad) Mahesana Vadnagar Sipor Mahesana Vadnagar SundhiyaMahesana Vadnagar Valasana Mahesana Vijapur Falu Mahesana Vijapur KharodMahesana Vijapur Kukarvada Mahesana Vijapur Ladol Mahesana Vijapur Pilvai178 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGEMahesana Vijapur Sardarpur Mahesana Vijapur Vasai Mahesana Visnagar DenapMahesana Visnagar Gothva Mahesana Visnagar Kansarakui Mahesana Visnagar KharvadaMahesana Visnagar Magroda Mahesana Visnagar Umta Mahesana Visnagar ValamNarmada Dediapada Gangapur Narmada Dediapada Gopaliya Narmada Dediapada KhaidipadaNarmada Dediapada Mandala Narmada Dediapada Soliya Narmada Nandod BoriaNarmada Nandod Garudeshwar Narmada Nandod Jesalpor Narmada NandodJetpor(Vaghrali)Narmada Nandod Khunta Amba Narmada Nandod Lachhras Narmada Nandod RajuvadiaNarmada Nandod Sisodara Narmada Nandod Taropa Narmada Nandod ZariaNarmada Sagbara Devmogra Narmada Sagbara Kolvan Narmada Sagbara PatanamauNarmada Sagbara Selamba Narmada Tilakwada Agar Narmada Tilakwada BujethaNarmada Tilakwada Vajiriya Navsari Bansda Anklachh Navsari Bansda GhodmalNavsari Bansda Kandolpada Navsari Bansda Mahuvas Navsari Bansda MankuniaNavsari Bansda Sara Navsari Bansda Unai Navsari Bansda VandarvelaNavsari Chikhli Achhavani Navsari Chikhli Alipor Navsari Chikhli BherviNavsari Chikhli Fadvel Navsari Chikhli Ghej Navsari Chikhli KangvaiNavsari Chikhli Ranverikalla Navsari Chikhli Ranverikalla Navsari Chikhli SadakporNavsari Chikhli Tankal Navsari Chikhli Toranvera Navsari Chikhli VelanporNavsari Gandevi Amalsad Navsari Gandevi Bigri Navsari Gandevi DhanoriNavsari Gandevi Gadat Navsari Gandevi Kesali Navsari Gandevi MendharNavsari Jalalpore Abrama Navsari Jalalpore Dipla Navsari Jalalpore KrushnapurNavsari Jalalpore Matwad Navsari Jalalpore Sagra Navsari Jalalpore VesmaNavsari Navsari Adada Navsari Navsari Munsad Navsari Navsari NagdharaPanchmahal Ghoghamba Bakrol Panchmahal Ghoghamba Farod Panchmahal Ghoghamba GamaniPanchmahal Ghoghamba Kanpur Panchmahal Ghoghamba Ranjitnagar Panchmahal Ghoghamba RinchhwaniPanchmahal Ghoghamba Simaliya Panchmahal Ghoghamba Vav Kulli Panchmahal Godhra BhamaiyaGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 179

DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGEPanchmahal Godhra Chhariya Panchmahal Godhra Kalyana Panchmahal Godhra KevadiyaPanchmahal Godhra Mahelol Panchmahal Godhra Mirap Panchmahal Godhra NadisarPanchmahal Godhra Sampa Panchmahal Godhra Timba Panchmahal Halol AradPanchmahal Halol Kanjari Panchmahal Halol Kathola Panchmahal Halol RameshraPanchmahal Halol Shivrajpur Panchmahal Jambughoda Chalvad Panchmahal Jambughoda DumaPanchmahal Kadana Amthani Panchmahal Kadana Ditvas Panchmahal Kadana MalvanPanchmahal Kadana Munpur Panchmahal Kadana Sanghri Panchmahal Kalol DelolPanchmahal Kalol Jantral Panchmahal Kalol Sansoli Panchmahal Kalol VejalpurPanchmahal Khanpur Pandarwada Panchmahal Khanpur Vadagam Panchmahal Lunawada HathivanPanchmahal Lunawada Kharol Panchmahal Lunawada Malekpur Panchmahal Lunawada UndraPanchmahal Lunawada Vardhari Panchmahal Lunawada Viraniya Panchmahal Morwa Hadaf Morwa (Hadaf)Panchmahal Morwa Hadaf Rajayata Panchmahal Morwa Hadaf Vadodar Panchmahal Morwa Hadaf VandeliPanchmahal Santrampur Batakwada Panchmahal Santrampur Chitva Panchmahal SantrampurChunthanaMuvadaPanchmahal Santrampur Doli Panchmahal Santrampur Gothib Panchmahal Santrampur VankdiPanchmahal Shehera Bahi Panchmahal Shehera Boriya Panchmahal Shehera DharapurPanchmahal Shehera Morva Panchmahal Shehera Nandarva Panchmahal Shehera WaghjipurPatan Chanasma Brahmanvada Patan Chanasma Chanasma Patan Chanasma DhinojPatan Chanasma Palasar Patan Chanasma Pimpal Patan Harij DunavadaPatan Harij Nana Patan Patan Der Patan Patan KuderPatan Patan Ranunj Patan Patan Sariyad Patan Radhanpur BandhwadPatan Radhanpur Gotarka Patan Radhanpur Nanapura Patan Sami BaspaPatan Sami Lolada Patan Sami Mujpur Patan Sami RafuPatan Sami Shankheshvar Patan Santalpur Abiyana Patan Santalpur MadhutraPatan Santalpur Varahi Patan Santalpur Zazam Patan Sidhpur ChandalajPatan Sidhpur Kakoshi Patan Sidhpur Kunvara Patan Vagdod Jangral180 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGEPatan Vagdod Kansa Patan Vagdod Vagdod Porbandar Kutiyana DevdaPorbandar Kutiyana Mahiyari Porbandar Porbandar Bakharla Porbandar Porbandar GarejPorbandar Porbandar Madhavpur Porbandar Porbandar Simar Porbandar Porbandar VisavadaPorbandar Ranavav Adityana Porbandar Ranavav Bileshwar Porbandar Ranavav Kandorna-RanaRajkot Dhoraji Patanvav Rajkot Dhoraji Supedi Rajkot Gondal DerdiRajkot Gondal Gomta Rajkot Gondal Moviya Rajkot Gondal ShivrajgadhRajkot Gondal Sultanpur Rajkot Jamkandorna Chitravad Rajkot Jamkandorna RaydiRajkot Jasdan Atkot Rajkot Jasdan Bhadla Rajkot Jasdan BhadliRajkot Jasdan Pipardi Rajkot Jasdan Sanathali Rajkot Jetpur AmarnagarBordiRajkot JetpurRajkot Jetpur Jetalsar Rajkot Jetpur MevasaSamadhiyalaRajkot Kotada Sangani Navi Mengani Rajkot Kotada Sangani Ramod Rajkot LodhikaKhirsara(RanmaljiRajkot Maliya Khakhrechi Rajkot Maliya Sarvad Rajkot Maliya VavaniyaRajkot Morvi Bagathala Rajkot Morvi Jetpar Rajkot Morvi KharedaRajkot Morvi Rajpar Rajkot Paddhari Khodapipar Rajkot Paddhari SarapdadRajkot Rajkot Gadhka Rajkot Rajkot Kuvadva Rajkot Rajkot SanosaraRajkot Rajkot Sardhar Rajkot Tankara Neknam Rajkot Upleta BhimoraRajkot Upleta Dhank Rajkot Upleta Kolki Rajkot Upleta Paneli MotiRajkot Wankaner Lunasar Rajkot Wankaner Mesariya Rajkot Wankaner SindhavadarRajkot Wankaner Tithava Sabarkantha Bayad Ambliyara Sabarkantha Bayad ChoilaSabarkantha Bayad Demai Sabarkantha Bayad Gabat Sabarkantha Bayad SathambaSabarkantha Bhiloda Chitariya Sabarkantha Bhiloda Chorimala Sabarkantha Bhiloda KishangadhSabarkantha Bhiloda Lusadiya Sabarkantha Bhiloda Munai Sabarkantha Bhiloda Torda (Jetpur)Sabarkantha Bhiloda Vankaner Sabarkantha Dhansura Akarund Sabarkantha Dhansura VadagamSabarkantha Himatnagar Chandarni Sabarkantha Himatnagar Desasan Sabarkantha Himatnagar HadiyolGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 181

DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGESabarkantha Himatnagar Ilol Sabarkantha Himatnagar Jamla Sabarkantha Himatnagar ViravadaSabarkantha Idar Chitroda Sabarkantha Idar Davad Sabarkantha Idar JashvantgadhSabarkantha Idar Kadiyadara Sabarkantha Idar Mudeti Sabarkantha Idar RevasSabarkantha Idar Verabar Sabarkantha Khedbrahma Dantral Sabarkantha Khedbrahma DelvadaSabarkantha Khedbrahma Derol Sabarkantha Khedbrahma Kheroj Sabarkantha Khedbrahma LambadiyaSabarkantha Khedbrahma Matoda Sabarkantha Khedbrahma Unchi Dhanal Sabarkantha Malpur JitpurSabarkantha Malpur Satarda Sabarkantha Meghraj Isari Sabarkantha Meghraj KasanaPatelnaSabarkantha MeghrajSabarkantha Meghraj Ramgadhi Sabarkantha Meghraj SangalDhundhaSabarkantha Modasa Limbhoi Sabarkantha Modasa Modasa Sabarkantha Modasa SardoiSabarkantha Modasa Sinavad Sabarkantha Modasa Tintoi Sabarkantha Prantij MajraSabarkantha Prantij Moyad Sabarkantha Prantij Poglu Sabarkantha Talod AniodSabarkantha Talod Antrolivas Dolji Sabarkantha Talod Kherol Sabarkantha Talod PunsriSabarkantha Vadali Dobhada Sabarkantha Vadali Vadali Sabarkantha Vijaynagar AtarsumbaSabarkantha Vijaynagar Kodiyavada Surat Bardoli Kadod Surat Bardoli SarbhonSurat Bardoli Uva Surat Bardoli Vankaner Surat Bardoli VanskuiSurat Bardoli Varad Surat Chorasi Dumas Surat Chorasi KharvasaSurat Chorasi Sachin Surat Chorasi Sunvali Surat Chorasi UtranSurat Kamrej Kathor Surat Kamrej Kosmada Surat Kamrej OrnaSurat Kamrej Sevni Surat Kamrej Valan Surat Kamrej VavSurat Mahuva Anaval Surat Mahuva Dungari Surat Mahuva KarcheliyaSurat Mahuva Kharvan Surat Mahuva Vaheval Surat Mahuva ValvadaSurat Mandvi Baudhan Surat Mandvi Dadhvada Surat Mandvi KamlaporSurat Mandvi Patal Surat Mandvi Sathvav Surat Mandvi TadkeshvarSurat Mangrol Kosamba Surat Mangrol Lavet Surat Mangrol Nani NaroliSurat Mangrol Vankal Surat Mangrol Velachha Surat Olpad Dihen182 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGESurat Olpad Erthan Surat Olpad Karanj Surat Olpad MorSurat Olpad Sayan Surat Palsana Kadodara Surat Palsana KanavSurat Palsana Vanesa Surat Umarpada Kevdi (Sharda) Surat Umarpada VadiAnandpurSurat Umarpada Vadpada Surndranagar ChotilaSurndranagar Chotila Bamanbore(Bhadla)Surndranagar Chotila Thangadh Surndranagar Chuda Chokdi Surndranagar Chuda MojidadSurndranagar Dasada Bajana Surndranagar Dasada Dasada Surndranagar Dasada KharaghodaSurndranagar Dasada Kherva Surndranagar Dasada Zinzuwada Surndranagar Dhrangadhra KankavatiSurndranagar Dhrangadhra Kondh Surndranagar Dhrangadhra Methan Surndranagar Halvad MathakSurndranagar Halvad Mayurnagar Surndranagar Halvad Tikar Surndranagar Lakhtar DhankiSurndranagar Lakhtar Talsana Surndranagar Lakhtar Vana Surndranagar Limbdi HadalaSurndranagar Limbdi Panshina Surndranagar Limbdi Ranagadh Surndranagar Limbdi ShiyaniSurndranagar Muli Sara Surndranagar Muli Tikar Surndranagar Muli VagadiyaSurndranagar Sayla Doliya Surndranagar Sayla Sudamda Surndranagar Wadhwan DedadaraSurndranagar Wadhwan Khodu Surndranagar Wadhwan Rampara Tapi Nizar GangthaTapi Nizar Kukarmunda Tapi Nizar Raygadh Tapi Nizar VankaTapi Songadh Agasvan Tapi Songadh Bandharpada Tapi Songadh BordaTapi Songadh Jamkhadi Tapi Songadh Ukai Tapi Songadh UkhaldaTapi Songadh Virthava Tapi Uchchhal Bhad Bhunja Tapi Uchchhal KarodTapi Valod Algat Tapi Valod Buhari Tapi Valod DegamaTapi Valod Kalamkui Tapi Vyara Balpur Tapi Vyara BorkhadiTapi Vyara Champavadi Tapi Vyara Dolvan Tapi Vyara GadatTapi Vyara Karanjkhed Tapi Vyara Lakhali Tapi Vyara PancholThe Dang The Dangs Garkhadi The Dang The Dangs Kalibel The Dang The Dangs PimpriThe Dang The Dangs Sakarpatal The Dang The Dangs Samgahan The Dang The Dangs SaputaraThe Dang The Dangs Subir Vadodara Chhota Udaipur Malaja Vadodara Chhota Udaipur PadharvantGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 183

DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGEVadodara Chhota Udaipur Rangpur (Zoz) Vadodara Chhota Udaipur Tejgadh Vadodara Chhota Udaipur ZozVadodara Dabhoi Bhilodiya Vadodara Dabhoi Kayavarohan Vadodara Dabhoi SathodVadodara Dabhoi Thuvavi Vadodara Jetpur Pavi Chalamali Vadodara Jetpur Pavi DungarvantVadodara Jetpur Pavi Kadval Vadodara Jetpur Pavi Kalarani Vadodara Jetpur Pavi KaraliVadodara Jetpur Pavi Moti Amrol Vadodara Jetpur Pavi Pandhara Vadodara Jetpur Pavi SuskalVadodara Jetpur Pavi Uchapan Vadodara Karjan Choranda Vadodara Karjan HandodVadodara Karjan Methi Vadodara Karjan Rarod Vadodara Karjan ValanVadodara Kavant Kadipani Vadodara Kavant Karajvant Vadodara Kavant NavaljaVadodara Kavant Saidivasan Vadodara Nasvadi Amroli Vadodara Nasvadi DughdhaVadodara Nasvadi Palasani Vadodara Nasvadi Tankhala Vadodara Padra ChansadVadodara Padra Kanzat Vadodara Padra Karkhadi Vadodara Padra MobhaVadodara Padra Mujpur Vadodara Padra Sadhi Vadodara Padra VaduVadodara Sankheda Ali Kherva Vadodara Sankheda Bahadarpur Vadodara Sankheda BhatpurVadodara Sankheda Vasana Vadodara Savli Bhadarva Vadodara Savli DesarVadodara Savli Pandu Vadodara Savli Samlaya Vadodara Savli SandhasalVadodara Savli Tundav Vadodara Savli Vejpur Vadodara Sinor SadhliVadodara Sinor Simli Vadodara Sinor Sinor Vadodara Vadodara AsojVadodara Vadodara Bajwa Vadodara Vadodara Bhayli Vadodara Vadodara KelanpurVadodara Vadodara Koyli Vadodara Vadodara Ranoli Vadodara Vadodara SankardaVadodara Vadodara Sokhda Vadodara Vadodara Varnama Vadodara Vaghodia AsojVadodara Vaghodia Goraj Vadodara Vaghodia Rustampura Vadodara Vaghodia VaghodiaValsad Dharampur Dhamni Valsad Dharampur Hanmatmal Valsad Dharampur JamaliyaNani DholValsad Dharampur Kakadkuva Valsad DharampurValsad Dharampur SidhumbarDungariValsad Dharampur Tutarkhed Valsad Kaprada Dabkhal Valsad Kaprada DahikhedValsad Kaprada Lavkar Valsad Kaprada Manala Valsad Kaprada Mota Pondha184 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGE DISTRICT TALUKA VILLAGEValsad Kaprada Rohiyal Jungle Valsad Kaprada Sildha Valsad Kaprada SukhalaValsad Kaprada Sutharpada Valsad Pardi Chala Valsad Pardi KoparliMotaValsad PardiValsad Pardi Nani Tambadi Valsad Pardi OrvadWaghchhipaValsad Pardi Paria Valsad Pardi Sonwada Valsad Pardi UdwadaValsad Pardi Umarsadi Valsad Umbergaon Anklas Valsad Umbergaon DaheliValsad Umbergaon Fansa Valsad Umbergaon Khattalwada Valsad Umbergaon MaroliValsad Umbergaon Sanjan Valsad Umbergaon Solsumba Valsad Umbergaon ValwadaBhadeli DesaiValsad Valsad Atgam Valsad ValsadValsad Valsad ChanvaiPartValsad Valsad Dharasna Valsad Valsad Gorgam Valsad Valsad HariyaKanjanValsad ValsadValsad Valsad Magod Valsad Valsad VankalRanchhodGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 185

Table 24. Contact Information of Civil Hospitals in Municipal CorporationsSN NAME STD CODE OFFICE HOSPITAL1. Ahmedabad Zone1 Sola 79 27474355 274743592 M.H. Ahmedabad 79 25624583 256224853 Kheda 2684 224932 2248384 Nadiad 268 2529074 25213865 Petlad 2697 224645 2244226 Limbadi 2753 260164 2600657 Surendranagar 2752 222052 2225538 Dhrangadhra 2754 262637 2226372. Gandhinagar Zone9 Gandhinagar 79 23322733 2322191310 Mahesana 2762 221784 22121711 Visnagar 2765 221364 23128312 Patan 2766 233311 23266013 Unjha 2767 25402914 Palanpur 2742 253083 25170915 Deesa 2744 222500 22250016 Himatnagar 2772 246618 24189217 Bhiloda 2771 232027 2320273. Vadodara Zone18 Jamana, Vadodara 265 2517400 251813419 I.D. Vaodara 265 2460800 246573920 M.H. Vadodara 265 246149321 Lunavada 2674 250008 25000822 Godhra 2672 242559 14319223 Dahod 2673 246548 22002924 Devgadh Baria 2678 220435 22022025 Santrampur 2675 22004626 Bharuch 2642 243515 24175927 Rajpipla 2640 220030 2242304. Surat Zone28 Surat 261 2749311 247961029 Ahwa 2631 220205 22020430 Valsad 2632 251744 251911186 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

SN NAME STD CODE OFFICE HOSPITAL31 Dharampur 2633 242044 24204332 Navsari 2637 257001 25726533 Vansda 2630 2222485. Bhavnagar Zone34 Sir T. Bhavnagar 278 427524 42325035 Palitana 2848 252175 24307536 Amreli 2792 222587 22211337 Savarkundla 2845 242604 23501138 Lathi 2793 24056639 Junagadh 285 2620090 265143640 Porbandar 286 2242910 22409236. Rajkot Zone41 P.K. Rajkot 281 2227136 223146042 G.T. Sheth, Rajkot43 Morbi 2822 230203 23013844 Jetpur 2823 220111 22011145 Dhoraji 2824 22013946 Gondal 2825 221762 22003147 Upleta 2826 22148248 Bhuj 2832 22505449 M.H. Bhuj 2832 22505450 Gandhidham 2836 22026351 Mandvi Kutch 2834 223207 23223252 Jamkhambhalia 2833 234704 25517053 M.H. Jamnagar 288 27502187. Jamnagar Zone54Guru Govindsinh Hospital(Emergency)288 266108755 Samarpan Hospital 288 2556642356 Mental Hospital 288 271272857 Dental Hospital 288 275021858 Ayurvedic Hospital 288 255036859City Dispensary - RanjitRoad288 267645660 Oswal Hospital 288 2676521GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 187

SN NAME STD CODE OFFICE HOSPITAL8. Junagadh Zone6162636465Urban Health Centre -Ambedkar NagarUrban Health Centre -DolatparaUrban Health Centre -Ganesh NagarUrban Health Centre -ShanteshwarUrban Health Centre -Timbavadi285 2651671 97277 02832285 2660874 97277 79137285 2651231 97277 79138285 610877 97277 02833285 2670104 97277 79139Table 25. Supplier of PPE and Other Safety and Response Related EquipmentsSNEQUIPMENTNAME OFSUPPLIERADDRESS PHONE FAXLOCALOFFICE1SealfContainedBreathingApparatusM/S VijaySabre35, ChandivaliVillage, OffSakivihar Road,Mumbai-400072022- 28518785022- 28518773 &285286140265-323651535, Chandivali2Industrial GasMaskM/S VijaySabreVillage, OffSakivihar Road,Mumbai-400072022- 28518785022- 28518773 &285286140265-3236515Bhandup Ind.Estate, Unit No.3D type Suit(Pressure Suit)CreativeEngg.Bombay8m, 3rd Floor,Pannalal SilkMill Compound,L. B. S. MargBhandup(West).Mumbai – 400078022 – 25900780 022- 262472864 ResuscitatorMSA IndiaLtd.p.25, TransportDepot Road,Kolkata – 700088033- 24494334 033- 2449136835, Chandivali5Spare airCylinderM/S VijaySabreVillage, OffSakivihar Road,Mumbai-400072022- 28518785022- 28518773 &285286140265-3236515188 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

SNEQUIPMENTNAME OFSUPPLIERADDRESS PHONE FAXLOCALOFFICE6CanisterMask & SpareCanistaerMSA IndiaLtd.p.25, TransportDepot Road,Kolkata – 700088033- 24494334 033- 24491368Bhandup Ind.Estate, Unit No.7 PVC SuitCreativeEngg.Bombay8m, 3rd Floor,Pannalal SilkMill Compound,L. B. S. Marg022 – 25900780 022- 26247286Bhandup(West).Mumbai – 400078Bhandup Ind.Estate, Unit No.8PVC HandGlovesCreativeEngg.Bombay8m, 3rd Floor,Pannalal SilkMill Compound,L. B. S. MargBhandup(West).Mumbai – 400078022 – 25900780 022- 26247286Bhandup Ind.Estate, Unit No.9Asbestos HandGlovesCreativeEngg.Bombay8m, 3rd Floor,Pannalal SilkMill Compound,L. B. S. MargBhandup(West).Mumbai – 400078022 – 25900780 022- 2624728610 Safety GogglesMSA IndiaLtd.p.25, TransportDepot Road,Kolkata – 700088033- 24494334 033- 244913683/373, Old11 Safety HelmetConcard ariapvt. Ltd.MahabalipuramRoad,Mettukuppam,Chennai – 600096044-24961717 044- 2496191912 Safety BeltsSure SafetyServices407/408, SaffronComplex,Fategang, Baroda0265- 2750680 0265 - 278632913Safety PVCGumbootsMSA IndiaLtd.p.25, TransportDepot Road,Kolkata – 700088033- 24494334 033- 24491368GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 189

SNEQUIPMENTNAME OFSUPPLIERADDRESS PHONE FAXLOCALOFFICE14ExplosivemeterMSA IndiaLtd.p.25, TransportDepot Road,Kolkata – 700088033- 24494334 033- 2449136815 Oxygen meterMSA IndiaLtd.p.25, TransportDepot Road,Kolkata – 700088033- 24494334 033- 2449136816 Detector TubesMSA IndiaLtd.p.25, TransportDepot Road,Kolkata – 700088033- 24494334 033- 24491368Chlorine /17Ammonia /H2S/COH/HydrocarbonsPocketMSA IndiaLtd.p.25, TransportDepot Road,Kolkata – 700088033- 24494334 033- 24491368monitors18EmergencyLampsSure SafetyServices407/408, SaffronComplex,Fategang, Baroda0265- 2750680 0265 - 278632919Portable Flameproof torchesSure SafetyServices407/408, SaffronComplex,Fategang, Baroda0265- 2750680 0265 - 278632920Sound LevelmeterQualityServicesBaroda28, WelcomeShopping Center.Opp. Punitnagar ,Boroda-3900150265- 2333597 0265- 233064021VibrationMonitoringmeterQualityServicesBaroda28, WelcomeShopping Center.Opp. Punitnagar ,Boroda-3900150265- 2333597 0265- 2330640190 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

APPENDIX G: OSHA STANDARD FOR HAZARDOUSWASTE OPERATIONS AND EMERGENCY RESPONSEWe have referenced OSHA standard 1910.120 for Hazardous waste operations and emergency response (HAZWOPER) as aresource to determine the requirements of the emergency response personnel for personal protective equipment criteria,training, equipments, and teaming arrangements. Although the proposed standard is US based it can be suitably adoptedin Indian context. A web-link for HAZWOPER standard is provided in the main text whereas this appendix includes thePDF text from US Federal Register for easy reference. HAZWOPER is included here only for ease of reference for thosenot having ease of internet access.GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN (DRAFT FINAL) 191

29640 Federal Register / Vol. 52, No. 153 / Monday, August 10, 1987 / Proposed RulesNotice of Intention to Appear. Ininstances where the informationcontained in the submission dues notjustify the amount of time requested, amore appropriate amount of time will beallocated and the participant will benotified of that fact prior to the informalpublic hearings.Any party who has not substantiallycomplied with the above requirementmay be limited to a ten-minutepresentation and may be requested toreturn for questioning at a later time.Any party who has not filed a notice ofintention to appear may be allowed totestify, as time permits, at the discretionof the Administrative Law judge, but willnot be allowed to question witnesses.Notices of intention to appear,testimony and evidence will be availablefor inspection and copying at the DocketOffice, Docket S-760A, U.S. Departmentof Labor, Occupational Safety and HealthAdministration, Room N-3670,200 Constitution Avenue, NW.,Washington, DC 20210. (202) 523-7894.Conduct of HearingsThe informal public hearings willcommence at 9:30 a.m. at the scheduledlocations with the resolution of anyprocedural matters relating to theproceeding. The informal public hearingwill be presided over by anAdministrative Law Judge who will havethe power necessary and appropriate toconduct a full and fair informal publichearing as provided in 29 CFR Part 1911,include the power to:1. Regulate the course of theproceedings;2. To dispose of procedural requests,objections and comparable matters;3. To confine the presentation to thematters pertinent to the issues raised;4. To regulate the conduct of thosepresent at the informal public hearing byappropriate means;5. In the Judge's discretion, to questionand permit questioning of any witness;and6. In the Judge's discretion to keep therecord open for a reasonable time toreceive written information andadditional data, views, and argumentsfrom any person who has participated inthe oral proceedings.Following the close of the informalpublic hearing, the presidingAdministrative Law judge will certify therecord of the informal public hearing tothe Assistant Secretary of Labor forOccupational Safety and Health. Thenotice of proposed rulemaking will bereviewed in light of all testimony andwritten submissions received as part ofthe record, and the proposed standard willbe modified or a determination will bemade not to modify the proposedstandard based on the entire record of theproceeding.List of Subjects in 29 CFR Part 1910Containers, Drums, Emergencyresponse, Flammable and combustibleliquids, Hazardous materials, Hazardoussubstances, Hazardous wastes,Incorporation by reference, Materialshandling and storage, Personal protectiveequipment, Storage areas, Training,Waste disposal.AuthorityThis document has been preparedunder the direction of John A.Pendergrass, Assistant Secretary of Laborfor Occupational Safety and Health, U.S.Department of Labor, 200 ConstitutionAvenue NW., Washington, DC 20210.Pursuant to section 126 of the SuperfundAmendments and Reauthorization Act of1986 (Pub. L. 99-499), sections 6 and 8of the Occupational Safety and HealthAct of 1970 (29 U.S.C. 655, 657),section 4 of the AdministrativeProcedures Act (5 U.S.C. 553), 29 CFRPart 1911 and Secretary of Labor's Order9-83 (48 FR 35736), it is proposed toamend 29 CFR Part 1910 by revising§ 1910.120, Hazardous WasteOperations, as set forth below.Signed at Washington, DC this 5th dayof August 1987.John A. Pendergrass,Assistant Secretary of Labor.For the reasons set out in the preamble,Title 29, Part 1910, of the Code ofFederal Regulations is amended asfollows:PART 1910—OCCUPATIONALSAFETY AND HEALTHSTANDARDS1. The authority citation for Subpart Hof Part 1910 is proposed to be amendedby adding the following citation:Authority:* * * * *Section 1910.120 is issued under the authority ofSection 126 of the Superfund Amendments andReauthorization Act of 1986 (Pub. L. 99-499),Sections 6 and 8 of the Occupational Safety andHealth Act of 1970 (29 U.S.C. 655, 657), sections 3and 4 of the Administrative Procedure Act (5 U.S.C.552(a), 553), 29 CFR Part 1911 and Secretary ofLabor's Order 9-83 (48 FR 35736).2. Section 1910.120 of Title 29 of theCode of Federal Regulations is proposedto be revised to read as follows:§ 1910.120 Hazardous wasteoperations and emergency response.(a) Scope, application, anddefinitions—(1) Scope for operationsother than emergency response. Thissection covers employers and employeesengaged in the following operations:(i) Operations involving hazardoussubstances that are conducted under theComprehensive Environmental Response,Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980as amended (42 U.S.C. 9601 et seq.)(CERCLA), including initialinvestigations at CERCLA sites beforethe presence or absence of hazardoussubstances has been ascertained;(ii) Clean-up operations involvingmajor corrective actions conducted underthe Resource Conservation and RecoveryAct of 1978 as amended (42 U.S.C. 6901et seq.) (RCRA);(iii) Operations at hazardous wastesites that have been designated for cleanupby state or local governmentalauthorities: and(iv) Storage, treatment, and disposalfacilities involving hazardous wastesregulated under 40 CFR Parts 264 and265 pursuant to RCRA; and(2) Scope for emergency responseoperations. This section also coversemployers whose employees have areasonable possibility of engaging inemergency response operations forreleases of, or substantial threats ofreleases of, hazardous substances withoutregard to the location of the hazard.(3) Application. (i) All requirementsof Part 1910 and Part 1926 of Title 29 ofthe Code of Federal Regulations applypursuant to their terms to hazardouswaste operations whether covered by thissection or not. In addition, the provisionsof this section apply to operationscovered by this section. If there is aconflict or overlap, the provision moreprotective of employee safety and healthshall apply without regard to 29 CFR1910.5(c)(1).(ii) All paragraphs of this sectionexcept paragraph (o) apply to operationsinvolving hazardous substancesconducted under CERCLA, majorcorrective actions taken in clean-upoperations under RCRA, and hazardouswaste operations that have beendesignated for clean-up by state or localgovernmental authorities.(iii) Only the requirements ofparagraphs (1) and (o) of this sectionapply to those operations involvinghazardous waste treatment, storage, and192 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

Federal Register / Vol. 52. No. 153 / Monday, August 10, 1987 / Proposed Rule 29641disposal facilities regulated under 40 CFRParts 264 and 265.Exceptions: For small quantity generators andgenerators with less than 90 days accumulation ofhazardous wastes who have emergency responseteams that respond to releases of, or substantialthreats of releases of, hazardous substances, onlyparagraph (l) is applicable. Small quantity generatorsand generators with less than 90 days accumulation ofhazardous wastes who do not have emergencyresponse teams that respond to releases of, orsubstantial threats of releases of, hazardoussubstances are exempt from the regulations of thissection.(iv) Paragraph (l) of this sectionapplies to all emergency responseoperations for releases of, or substantialthreats of releases of, hazardoussubstances including those releases of orsubstantial threats of releases that occurat worksites other than those sitesidentified in paragraphs (a)(2)(i) through(a)(2)(iii) of this section.(4) Definitions. "Buddy system" meansa system of organizing employees intowork groups in such a manner that eachemployee of the work group is designatedto observe the activities of at least oneother employee in the work group. Thepurpose of the buddy system is to providerapid assistance to those other employeesin the event of an emergency."Decontamination" means the removalof hazardous substances from employeesand their equipment to the extentnecessary to preclude the occurrence offoreseeable adverse health affects."Emergency response" means acoordinated response effort by employeesfrom outside the immediate release areaor by outside responders (i.e., mutual-aidgroups, local fire departments, etc.) to anoccurrence which results, or is likely toresult, in an uncontrolled release of ahazardous substance. Responses toincidental releases of hazardoussubstances where the substance can beabsorbed, neutralized, or otherwisecontrolled at the time of release byemployees in the immediate release areaare not considered to be emergencyresponses within the scope of thisstandard. Responses to releases ofhazardous substances where theconcentration of a hazardous substance isbelow the established permissibleexposure limits established in thisstandard are not considered to beemergency responses."Established exposure levels" meansthe inhalation or dermal permissibleexposure limit specified in 29 CFRPart 1910, Subpart Z; or if none isspecified, the exposure limits in "NIOSHRecommendations for OccupationalHealth Standards" dated 1986incorporated by reference, or if neither ofthe above is specified, the standardsspecified by the American Conference ofGovernmental Industrial Hygienists intheir publication "Threshold Limit Valuesand Biological Exposure Indices for1986-87" dated 1986 incorporated byreference. The two documentsincorporated by reference are availablefor purchase from the following:NIOSH, Publications Dissemination,Division of Standards Developmentand Technology Transfer, NationalInstitute for Occupational Safety andHealth, 4676 Columbia Parkway,Cincinnati, OH 45226, (513)841-4287.American Conference of GovernmentalIndustrial Hygienists, 6500 GlenwayAve., Building D-7, Cincinnati, OH45211-4438, (513) 661-7881and are available for inspection andcopying at the OSHA Docket Office,Docket No. S-760, Room N-3671,200 Constitution Ave., NW., Washington,DC 20210."Facility" means (A) any building,structure, installation, equipment, pipe orpipeline (including any pipe into a seweror publicly owned treatment works), well,pit, pond, lagoon, impoundment, ditch,storage container, motor vehicle, rollingstock, or aircraft, or (B) any site or areawhere a hazardous substance has beendeposited, stored, disposed of, or placed,or otherwise come to be located; but doesnot include any consumer product inconsumer use or any vessel."Hazardous materials (HAZMAT)team" means an organized group ofemployees, designated by the employer,who are knowledgeable and specificallytrained and skilled to handle and controlleaking containers or vessels, use andselect special chemical protectiveclothing and perform other dutiesassociated with accidental releases ofhazardous substances. The teammembers perform responses to releases ofhazardous substances for the purpose ofcontrol or stabilization of the release. AHAZMAT team is not a fire brigade noris a typical fire brigade a HAZMATteam. A HAZMAT team, however, maybe a separate component of a fire brigade."Hazardous substance" means anysubstance designated or listed under (A)through (D) below, exposure to whichresults or may result in adverse affects onthe health or safety of employees:(A) Any substance defined undersection 101(14) of CERCLA;(B) Any biological agent and otherdisease-causing agent as defined insection 104 (33) of CERCLA;(C) Any substance listed by the U.S.Department of Transportation ashazardous materials under 49 CFR172.101 and appendices; and(D) Hazardous waste."Hazardous waste" means (A) a wasteor combination of wastes as defined in40 CFR 261.3, or (B) those substancesdefined in 49 CFR 171.8."Hazardous-waste operation" meansany operation conducted within the scopeof this standard involving employeeexposure to hazardous wastes, hazardoussubstances, or any combination ofhazardous wastes and hazardoussubstances."Hazardous waste site" or "site" meansany facility or location within the scopeof this standard at which hazardous wasteoperations take place.''Health hazard" means a chemical,mixture of chemicals or a pathogen forwhich there is statistically significantevidence based on at least one studyconducted in accordance with establishedscientific principles that acute or chronichealth effects may occur in exposedemployees. The term "health hazard"includes chemicals which arecarcinogens, toxic or highly toxic agents,reproductive toxins, irritants, corrosives,sensitizers, hepatotoxins, nephrotoxins,neurotoxins, agents which act on thehematopoietic system, and agents whichdamage the lungs, skin, eyes, or mucousmembranes. Further definition of theterms used above can be found inAppendix A to 29 CFR 1910.1200."IDLH" or "Immediately dangerous tolife or health" means an atmosphericconcentration of any toxic, corrosive orasphyxiant substance that poses animmediate threat to life or would causeirreversible or delayed adverse healtheffects or would interfere with anindividual's ability to escape from adangerous atmosphere."Oxygen deficiency" means thatconcentration of oxygen by volumebelow which air supplying respiratoryprotection must be provided. It exists inatmospheres where the percentage ofoxygen by volume is less than19.5 percent oxygen."Permissible exposure limit" means theinhalation or dermal permissible exposurelimit specified in 29 CFR Part 1910,Subpart Z."Post emergency response" means thatportion of an emergency responseperformed after the immediate threat of arelease has been stabilized or eliminatedand clean-up of the site has begun. Ifpost emergency response is performed byGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 193

29642 Federal Register / Vol. 52, No. 153 / Monday, August 10, 1987 / Proposed Rulesan employer's own employees as acontinuation of initial emergencyresponse, it is considered to be part of theinitial response and not post emergencyresponse."Qualified person" means a personwith specific training, knowledge andexperience in the area for which theperson has responsibility."Site safety and health supervisor (orofficial)" means the individual located ona hazardous waste site who is responsibleto the employer and has the authority andknowledge necessary to implement thesite safety and health plan and verifycompliance with applicable safety andhealth requirements."Small quantity generator" means agenerator of hazardous wastes who in anycalendar month generates no more than1000 kilograms (2210 pounds) ofhazardous waste in that month.(b) General requirements—(1) Safetyand health program—(i) General.Employers shall develop and implement awritten safety and health program fortheir employees involved in hazardouswaste operations. The program shall bedesigned to identify, evaluate, and controlsafety and health hazards and provide foremergency response for hazardous wasteoperations. The program shall incorporateas separate chapter the following:(A) Organizational structure chapter;(B) A comprehensive workplanchapter; and(C) A site-specific safety and healthplan chapter.(ii) Organizational structure chapter.(A) The organizational structure chaptershall establish the specific chain ofcommand and specify the overallresponsibilities of supervisors andemployees. It shall include at aminimum, the following elements:(1) A general supervisor who has theresponsibility and authority to direct allhazardous waste operations.(2) A site safety and health supervisorwho has the responsibility and authorityto develop and implement the site safetyand health plan and verify compliance.(3) All other personnel needed forhazardous waste site operations andemergency response and their generalfunctions and responsibilities.(4) The lines of authority,responsibility, and communication.(B) The organizational structure shallbe reviewed and updated as necessary toreflect the current status of waste siteoperations.(C) The original organizationalstructure plan and any changes to theoverall organizational structure shall bemade available to all affected employees.(iii) Comprehensive workplan chapter.The comprehensive workplan chaptershall address the tasks and objectives ofsite operations and the logistics andresources required to reach those tasksand objectives.(A) The comprehensive workplan shalladdress anticipated clean-up activities aswell as normal operating procedures.(B) The comprehensive workplan shalldefine work tasks and objectives andidentify the methods for accomplishingthose tasks and objectives.(C) The comprehensive workplan shallestablish personnel requirements forimplementing the plan.(D) The comprehensive workplan shallprovide for the implementation of thetraining required in paragraph (e) of thissection.(E) The comprehensive workplan shallprovide for the implementation of therequired informational programs requiredin paragraph (i) of this section.(F) The comprehensive workplan shallprovide for the implementation of themedical surveillance program describedin paragraph (f) of this section.(iv) Site-specific safety and health planchapter. The site safety and health plan,which is part of the overall safety andhealth program shall be available on thesite for inspection by employees, theirdesignated representatives, and OSHApersonnel, shall address the safety andhealth hazards of each phase of siteoperation; and include the requirementsand procedures for employee protection.(A) The site safety and health plan, asa minimum, shall address the following:(1) Names of key personnel andalternates responsible for site safety andhealth, including a site safety and healthsupervisor.(2) A safety and health risk or hazardanalysis for each site task and operationfound in the workplan.(3) Employee training assignments toassure compliance with paragraph (e) ofthis section.(4) Personal protective equipment to beused by employees for each of the sitetasks and operations being conducted asrequired by the personal protectiveequipment program in paragraph (g)(5) ofthis section.(5) Medical surveillance requirementsin accordance with the program inparagraph (f) of this section.(6) Frequency and types of airmonitoring, personnel monitoring, andenvironmental sampling techniques andinstrumentation to be used includingmethods of maintenance and calibrationof monitoring and sampling equipment tobe used.(7) Site control measures in accordancewith the site control program required inparagraph (d) of this section.(8) Decontamination procedures inaccordance with paragraph (k) of thissection.(9) An emergency response planmeeting the requirements ofparagraphs (l)(1)(i) and (l)(1)(ii) of thissection for safe and effective responses toemergencies, including the necessary PPEand other equipment.(10) Confined space entry procedures.(B) Pre-entry briefings shall be heldprior to initiating any site activity and atsuch other times as necessary to ensurethat employees are apprised of the sitesafety and health plan and that this plan isbeing followed.(C) Inspections shall be conducted bythe site safety and health supervisor or, inthe absence of that individual, anotherindividual acting on behalf of theemployer as necessary to determine theeffectiveness of the site safety and healthplan. Any deficiencies in theeffectiveness of the site safety and healthplan shall be corrected by the employer.(11) When major spills may beanticipated due to the type of workinvolved, a spill containment programmeeting the requirements ofparagraph (j)(1) of this section shall beincluded.(2) Site excavation. Site excavationscreated during initial site preparation orduring hazardous waste operations shallbe shored or sloped as appropriate toprevent accidental collapse in accordancewith Subpart P of 29 CFR Part 1926.(3) Contractors and sub-contractors.(i) An employer who retains contractor orsub-contractor services for work inhazardous waste operations shall informthose contractors, sub-contractors, ortheir representatives of any potential fire,explosion, health, safety or other hazardsof the hazardous waste operation thathave been identified by the employerincluding the employer's informationprogram.(ii) The safety and health programrequired in paragraph (b)(1) of this194 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

Federal Register / Vol. 52. No. 153 / Monday, August 10, 1987 / Proposed Rule 29643section shall be made available to anysubcontractor or its representative whowill be involved with the hazardous wasteoperation and employees, their designatedrepresentatives, and OSHA personnel.(c) Site characterization and analysis.Hazardous waste sites shall be evaluatedin accordance with this paragraph toidentify specific site hazards and todetermine the appropriate safety andhealth control procedures needed toprotect employees from the identifiedhazards.(1) A preliminary evaluation of a site'scharacteristics shall be performed prior tosite entry by a qualified person in order toaid in the selection of appropriateemployee protection methods prior to siteentry. Immediately after initial site entry,a more detailed evaluation of the site'sspecific characteristics shall be performedby a qualified person in order to furtheridentify existing site hazards and tofurther aid in the selection of theappropriate engineering controls andpersonal protective equipment for thetasks to be performed.(2) All suspected conditions that maypose inhalation or skin absorption hazardsthat are immediately dangerous to life orhealth (IDLH) or other conditions thatmay cause death or serious harm, shall beidentified during the preliminary surveyand evaluated during the detailed survey.Examples of such hazards include, but arenot limited to, confined space entry,potentially explosive or flammablesituations, visible vapor clouds, or areaswhere biological indicators such as deadanimals or vegetation are located.(3) The following information to theextent available shall be obtained by theemployer prior to allowing employees toenter a site:(i) Location and approximate size ofthe site.(ii) Description of the response activityand/or the job task to be performed.(iii) Duration of the planned employeeactivity.(iv) Site topography.(v) Site accessibility by air and roads.(vi) Pathways for hazardous substancedispersion.(vii) Present status and capabilities ofemergency response teams that wouldprovide assistance to hazardous wasteclean-up site employees at the time of anemergency.(viii) Hazardous substances and healthhazards involved or expected at the siteand their chemical and physicalproperties.(4) Personal protective equipment(PPE) shall be provided and used duringinitial site entry in accordance with thefollowing requirements:(i) Based upon the results of thepreliminary site evaluation, an ensembleof PPE shall be selected and used duringinitial site entry which will provideprotection to a level of exposure belowestablished permissible exposure limitsfor known or suspected hazardoussubstances and health hazards, and whichwill provide protection against otherknown and suspected hazards identifiedduring the preliminary site evaluation.(ii) During initial site entry an escapeself-contained breathing apparatus of atleast five minutes' duration shall becarried by employees or kept available attheir immediate work station if positivepressureself-contained breathingapparatus is not used as part of the entryensemble.(iii) If the preliminary site evaluationdoes not produce sufficient information toidentify the hazards or suspected hazardsof the site, an ensemble providingprotection equivalent to Level B PPEshall be provided as minimum protection,and direct reading instruments shall beused as appropriate for identifying IDLHconditions. (See Appendix B for adescription of Level B hazards and therequirements for Level B protectiveequipment.)(iv) Once the hazards of the site havebeen identified, the appropriate PPE shallbe selected and used in accordance withparagraph (g) of this section.(5) The following monitoring shall beconducted during initial site entry whenthe site evaluation produces informationthat shows the potential for ionizingradiation or IDLH conditions, or whenthe site information is not sufficient toreasonably eliminate these possibleconditions:(i) Monitoring for hazardous levels ofionizing radiation.(ii) Monitoring the air with appropriatetest equipment for IDLH and otherconditions that may cause death orserious harm (combustible or explosiveatmospheres, oxygen deficiency, toxicsubstances).(iii) Visually observing for signs ofactual or potential IDLH or otherdangerous conditions.(6) Once the presence andconcentrations of specific hazardoussubstances and health hazards have beenestablished, the risks associated withthese substances shall be identified.Employees who will be working on thesite shall be informed of any risks thathave been identified. In situationscovered by the Hazard CommunicationStandard, 29 CFR 1910.1200, trainingrequired by that standard need not beduplicated.Note.—Risks to consider include, but are not limitedto:a. Exposures exceeding the appropriateestablished Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs),Threshold Limit Values (TLVs), or RecommendedExposure Limits (RELs), etc.b. IDLH Concentrations.c. Potential Skin Absorption and IrritationSources.d. Potential Eye Irritation Sources.e. Explosion Sensitivity and Flammability Ranges.(7) Any information concerning thechemical, physical, and toxicologicproperties of each substance known orexpected to be present on site that isavailable to the employer and relevant tothe duties an employee is expected toperform shall be made available to theaffected employees prior to thecommencement of their work activities.(8) An ongoing air monitoring programin accordance with paragraph (h) of thissection shall be implemented after sitecharacterization has determined the site issafe for the start-up of operations.(d) Site control. Appropriate sitecontrol procedures shall be implementedbefore clean-up work begins to controlemployee exposure to hazardoussubstances.(1) A site control program forprotecting employees which is part of theemployer's safety and health programrequired in paragraph (b) of this sectionshall be developed during the planningstages of a hazardous waste operationclean-up and modified as necessary asnew information becomes available.(2) The site control program shall, as aminimum, include: A site map; site workzones: the use of a "buddy system"; sitecommunications; the standard operatingprocedures or safe work practices; andidentification of the nearest medicalassistance.(e) Training. Initial or review trainingmeeting the requirements of thisparagraph shall be provided to employeesbefore they are permitted to engage inhazardous waste operations that couldexpose them to hazardous substances,safety, or health hazards.(1) All employees (such as but notlimited to equipment operators andgeneral laborers) exposed to hazardoussubstances, health hazards, or safetyhazards shall be thoroughly trained in thefollowing:GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 195

29644 Federal Register / Vol. 52, No. 153 / Monday, August 10, 1987 / Proposed Rules(i) Names of personnel and alternatesresponsible for site safety and health;(ii) Safety, health and other hazardspresent on the site;(iii) Use of personal protectiveequipment:(iv) Work practices by which theemployee can minimize risks fromhazards;(v) Safe use of engineering controlsand equipment on the site;(vi) Medical surveillance requirementsincluding recognition of symptoms andsigns which might indicate overexposureto hazards; and(vii) The contents of paragraphs (7)through (10) of the site safety and healthplan set forth in paragraph (b)(1)(iv)(A)of this section.(2) All employees shall at the time ofjob assignment receive a minimum of40 hours of initial instruction off the site,and a minimum of three days of actualfield experience under the directsupervision of a trained, experiencedsupervisor. Workers who may be exposedto unique or special hazards shall beprovided additional training. The level oftraining provided shall be consistent withthe employee's job function andresponsibilities.(3) On-site management andsupervisors directly responsible for, orwho supervise employees engaged in,hazardous waste operations shall receivetraining as provided in paragraph (e)(1)and (e)(2) of this section, and at leasteight additional hours of specializedtraining at the time of job assignment onsuch topics as, but not limited to, theemployer's safety and health program andthe associated employee trainingprogram, personal protective equipmentprogram, spill containment program, andhealth hazard monitoring techniques.(4) Trainers shall be qualified toinstruct employees about the subjectmatter that is being presented in training.Note.—Trainers can show their qualifications byhaving the knowledge or training equivalent to a levelof training higher than the level they are presenting.This may be shown by academic degrees, trainingcourses completed and/or work experience.(5) Employees shall not be permitted toparticipate in field activities until theyhave been trained to a level required bytheir job function and responsibility.(6) Employees and supervisors thathave received and successfully completedthe training and field experience specifiedin paragraphs (e)(1), (e)(2) and (e)(3) ofthis section shall be certified by theirinstructor as having completed thenecessary training. A written certificateshall be given to each person so certified.Any person who has not been so certifiednor meets the requirements of paragraph(e)(9) of this section shall be prohibitedfrom engaging in hazardous wasteoperations.(7) Employees who are engaged inresponding to hazardous emergencysituations at hazardous waste clean-upsites that may expose them to hazardoussubstances shall be trained in how torespond to expected emergencies.(8) Employees specified inparagraph (e)(1), and managers andsupervisors specified in paragraph (e)(3)of this section, shall receive eight hoursof refresher training annually on the itemsspecified in paragraph (e)(1) and/or (e)(3)of this section and other relevant topics.(9) Employers who can show that anemployee's work experience and/ortraining has resulted in initial trainingequivalent to that training required inparagraphs (e)(1), (e)(2), and (e)(3) ofthis section shall not be required toprovide the initial training requirementsof those paragraphs. Equivalent trainingincludes the training that existingemployees might have already receivedfrom actual site work experience.(f) Medical surveillance. Medicalsurveillance shall be provided inaccordance with this paragraph foremployees exposed or potentiallyexposed to hazardous substances orhealth hazards or who wear respirators.(1) Employees covered. A medicalsurveillance program which is part of theemployer's safety and health programrequired in paragraph (b) of this sectionor required in paragraphs (l)(4) or (o)(3)of this section, shall be instituted by theemployer for:(i) All employees who are or may beexposed to hazardous substances orhealth hazards at or above the establishedexposure levels for these substances,without regard to the use of respirators,for 30 days or more a year.(ii) All employees who wear arespirator for 30 days or more a year or asrequired by § 1910.134.(iii) All employees who are injured dueto overexposure from an emergencyincident involving hazardous substancesor health hazards.(2) Frequency of medical examinationsand consultations. Medical examinationsand consultations shall be made availableby the employer to each employeecovered under paragraph (f)(1) of thissection on the following schedules:(i) For employees covered underparagraphs (f)(1)(i) and (f)(1)(ii):(A) Prior to assignment;(B) At least once every twelve monthsfor each employee covered;(C) At termination of employment orreassignment to an area where theemployee would not be covered if theemployee has not had an examinationwithin the last six months;(D) As soon as possible uponnotification by an employee that theemployee has developed signs orsymptoms indicating possibleoverexposure to hazardous substances orhealth hazards or that the employee hasbeen exposed above the establishedexposure levels in an emergencysituation;(E) At more frequent times, if theexamining physician determines that anincreased frequency of examination ismedically necessary.(ii) For employees covered underparagraph (f)(1)(iii) and for all employeeswho may have been exposed during anemergency incident to hazardoussubstances at concentrations above theestablished exposure levels without thenecessary personal protective equipmentbeing used:(A) As soon as possible following theemergency incident;(B) Additional times, if the examiningphysician determines that follow-upexaminations or consultations aremedically necessary.(3) Content of medical examinationsand consultations. (i) Medicalexaminations required by paragraph (f)(2)of this section shall include a medical andwork history (or updated history if one isin the employee's file with specialemphasis on symptoms related to thehandling of hazardous substances andhealth hazards, and to fitness for dutyincluding the ability to wear any requiredPPE under conditions (i.e., temperatureextremes) that may be expected at thework site.(ii) The content of medicalexaminations or consultations madeavailable to employees pursuant toparagraph (f) shall be determined by theexamining physician.(4) Examination by a physician andcosts. All medical examinations andprocedures shall be performed by orunder the supervision of a licensedphysician, and shall be provided withoutcost to the employee, without loss of pay,and at a reasonable time and place.(5) Information provided to thephysician. The employer shall provideone copy of this standard and itsappendices to the examining physician,and in addition the following for eachemployee:(i) A description of the employee'sduties as they relate to the employee'sexposures.196 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

Federal Register / Vol. 52. No. 153 / Monday, August 10, 1987 / Proposed Rule 29645(ii) The employee's exposure levels oranticipated exposure levels.(iii) A description of any personalprotective equipment used or to be used.(iv) Information from previous medicalexaminations of the employee which isnot readily available to the examiningphysician.(v) Information required by§ 1910.134.(6) Physician’s written opinion. (i) Theemployer shall obtain and furnish theemployee with a copy of a writtenopinion from the examining physiciancontaining the following:(A) The results of the medicalexamination and tests if requested by theemployee.(B) The physician's opinion as towhether the employee has any detectedmedical conditions which would place theemployee at increased risk of materialimpairment of the employee's health fromwork in hazardous waste operations oremergency response, or from respiratorsused as required by § 1910.134.(C) The physician's recommendedlimitations upon the employee's assignedwork.(D) A statement that the employee hasbeen informed by the physician of theresults of the medical examination andany medical conditions which requirefurther examination or treatment.(ii) The written opinion obtained bythe employer shall not reveal specificfindings or diagnoses unrelated tooccupational exposure.(7) Recordkeeping. (i) An accuraterecord of the medical surveillancerequired by paragraph (f) of this sectionshall be retained. This record shall beretained for the period specified and meetthe criteria of 29 CFR 1910.20.(ii) The record required inparagraph (f)(7)(i) of this section shallinclude at least the following information:(A) The name and social securitynumber of the employee;(B) Physicians' written opinions,recommended limitations, and results ofexaminations and tests;(C) Any employee medical complaintsrelated to exposure to hazardoussubstances;(D) A copy of the informationprovided to the examining physician bythe employer, with the exception of thestandard and its appendices.(g) Engineering controls, workpractices, and personal protectiveequipment for employee protection.Engineering controls, work practices,personal protective equipment, or acombination of these shall beimplemented in accordance with thisparagraph to protect employees fromexposure to hazardous substances andhealth hazards.(1) Engineering controls, workpractices and PPE for substanceregulated in Subpart Z. (i) Engineeringcontrols and work practices shall beinstituted to reduce and maintainemployee exposure to or below thepermissible exposure limits forsubstances regulated by 29 CFRPart 1910, Subpart Z, except to the extentthat such controls and practices are notfeasible.Note.—Engineering controls which may befeasible include the use of pressurized cabs or controlbooths on equipment, and/or the use of remotelyoperated material handling equipment. Workpractices which may be feasible are removing allnon-essential employees from potential exposureduring opening of drums, wetting down dustyoperations and locating employees upwind ofpossible hazards.(ii) Whenever engineering controls andwork practices are not feasible, PPE shallbe used to reduce and maintain employeeexposures to or below the permissibleexposure limits or dose limits forsubstances regulated by 29 CFR Part1910, Subparts G and Z.(iii) The employer shall not implementa schedule of employee rotation as ameans of compliance with permissibledose limits except when there is no otherfeasible way of complying with theairborne or dermal dose limits forionizing radiation.(2) Engineering controls, workpractices, and personal protectiveequipment for substances not regulated inSubpart Z. An appropriate combination ofengineering controls, work practices, andpersonal protective equipment shall beestablished to reduce and maintainemployee exposure to or belowappropriate exposure levels for hazardoussubstances and health hazards notregulated by 29 CFR Part 1910,Subparts G and Z taking into account theestablished exposure levels.(3) Personal protective equipmentselection. (i) Personal protectiveequipment (PPE) shall be selected andused which will protect employees fromthe hazards and potential hazards they arelikely to encounter as identified duringthe site characterization and analysis.(ii) Personal protective equipmentselection shall be based on an evaluationof the performance characteristics of thePPE relative to the requirements andlimitations of the site, the task-specificconditions and duration, and the hazardsand potential hazards identified at thesite.(iii) Positive pressure self-containedbreathing apparatus or positive pressureair-line respirators equipped with anescape air supply, shall be used in IDLHconditions.(iv) Totally-encapsulating chemicalprotective suits (Protection equivalent toLevel A protection as specified inAppendix B) shall be used in conditionswhere skin absorption of a hazardoussubstance may result in an IDLHsituation.(v) The level of protection provided byPPE selection shall be increased whenadditional information on site conditionsshow that increased protection isnecessary to reduce employee exposuresbelow established permissible exposurelimits for hazardous substances andhealth hazards. (See Appendix B forguidance on selecting PPE ensembles.)Note.—The level of employee protectionprovided may be decreased when additionalinformation or site conditions show that decreasedprotection will not result in increased hazardousexposures to employees.(vi) Personal protective equipmentshall be selected and used to meet therequirements of 29 CFR Part 1910,Subpart I, and additional requirementsspecified in this section.(4) Totally-encapsulating chemicalprotective suits. (i) Totally-encapsulatingsuit materials used for Level A protectionshall protect employees from theparticular hazards which are identifiedduring site characterization and analysis.(ii) Totally-encapsulating suits shall becapable of maintaining positive airpressure. (See Appendix A.)(iii) Totally-encapsulating suits shall becapable of preventing inward test gasleakage of more than 0.5 percent. (SeeAppendix A.)(5) Personal protective equipment(PPE) program. A written personalprotective equipment program, which ispart of the employer's safety and healthprogram required in paragraph (b) of thissection or required in paragraph (1)(4) ofthis section, shall be established forhazardous waste operations which shallbe part of the site-specific safety andhealth plan. The PPE program shalladdress the following elements:(i) Site hazards,(ii) PPE selection,(iii) PPE use,(iv) Work mission duration,(v) PPE maintenance and storage,(vi) PPE decontamination,(vii) PPE training and proper fitting,(viii) PPE donning and doffingprocedures,(ix) PPE inspection,(x) PPE in-use monitoring,(xi) Evaluation of the effectiveness ofthe PPE program, andGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 197

29646 Federal Register / Vol. 52, No. 153 / Monday, August 10, 1987 / Proposed Rules(xii) Limitations during temperatureextremes, and other appropriate medicalconsiderations.(h) Monitoring. Monitoring shall beperformed in accordance with thisparagraph to assure proper selection ofengineering controls, work practices andpersonal protective equipment so thatemployees are not exposed to levelswhich exceed established permissibleexposure limits for hazardous substances.(1) Air monitoring shall be used toidentify and quantify airborne levels ofhazardous substances and health hazardsin order to determine the appropriatelevel of employee protection needed onsite.(2) Upon initial entry, representative airmonitoring shall be conducted to identifyany IDLH condition, exposure overestablished exposure levels, exposureover a radioactive material's dose limitsor other dangerous condition such as thepresence of flammable atmospheres oroxygen-deficient environments.(3) Periodic monitoring shall beconducted when the possibility of anIDLH condition or flammableatmosphere has developed or when thereis indication that exposures may haverisen since prior monitoring. Situationswhere it shall be considered whether thepossibility that exposures have risen arewhen:(i) Work begins on a different portionof the site.(ii) Contaminants other than thosepreviously identified are being handled.(iii) A different type of operation isinitiated (e.g., drum opening as opposedto exploratory well drilling).(iv) Employees are handling leakingdrums or containers or working in areaswith obvious liquid contamination (e.g., aspill or lagoon).(v) A sufficient reasonable interval haspassed so that exposures may havesignificantly increased.(4) After hazardous waste clean-upoperations commence, the employer shallmonitor those employees likely to havethe highest exposures to hazardoussubstances and health hazards likely to bepresent above established permissibleexposure limits by using personalsampling frequently enough tocharacterize employee exposures. Theemployer may utilize a representativesampling approach by documenting thatthe employees and chemicals chosen formonitoring are based on the criteria statedabove.Note.— it is not required to monitor employeesengaged in site characterization operations coveredby paragraph (c) of this section.(i) Informational programs.Employers shall develop and implement aprogram, which is part of the employer'ssafety and health program required inparagraph (b) of this section, to informemployees, contractors, andsubcontractors (or their representative)actually engaged in hazardous wasteoperations of the nature, level and degreeof exposure likely as a result ofparticipation in such hazardous wasteoperations. Employees, contractors andsubcontractors working outside of theoperations part of a site are not coveredby this standard.(j) Handling drums and containers.Hazardous substances and contaminatedsoils, liquids, and other residues shall behandled, transported, labeled, anddisposed of in accordance with thisparagraph.(1) General. (i) Drums and containersused during the clean-up shall meet theappropriate DOT, OSHA, and EPAregulations for the wastes that theycontain.(ii) When practical, drums andcontainers shall be inspected and theirintegrity shall be assured prior to beingmoved. Drums or containers that cannotbe inspected before being moved becauseof storage conditions (i.e., buried beneaththe earth, stacked behind other drums,stacked several tiers high in a pile, etc.)shall be moved to an accessible locationand inspected prior to further handling.(iii) Unlabelled drums and containersshall be considered to contain hazardoussubstances and handled accordingly untilthe contents are positively identified andlabeled.(iv) Site operations shall be organizedto minimize the amount of drum orcontainer movement.(v) Prior to movement of drums orcontainers, all employees exposed to thetransfer operation shall be warned of thepotential hazards associated with thecontents of the drums or containers.(vi) U.S. Department of Transportationspecified salvage drums or containers andsuitable quantities of proper absorbentshall be kept available and used in areaswhere spills, leaks, or ruptures mayoccur.(vii) Where major spills may occur, aspill containment program, which is partof the employer's safety and healthprogram required in paragraph (b) of thissection, shall be implemented to containand isolate the entire volume of thehazardous substance being transferred.(viii) Drums and containers that cannotbe moved without rupture, leakage, orspillage shall be emptied into a soundcontainer using a device classified for thematerial being transferred.(ix) A ground-penetrating system orother type of detection system or deviceshall be used to estimate the location anddepth of buried drums or containers.(x) Soil or covering material shall beremoved with caution to prevent drum orcontainer rupture.(xi) Fire extinguishing equipmentmeeting the requirements of 29 CFRPart 1910, Subpart L, shall be on handand ready for use to control incipientfires.(2) Opening drums and containers.The following procedures shall befollowed in areas where drums orcontainers are being opened:(i) Where an airline respirator systemis used, connections to the bank of aircylinders shall be protected fromcontamination and the entire system shallbe protected from physical damage.(ii) Employees not actually involved inopening drums or containers shall be kepta safe distance from the drums orcontainers being opened.(iii) If employees must work near oradjacent to drums or containers beingopened, a suitable shield that does notinterfere with the work operation shall beplaced between the employee and thedrums or containers being opened toprotect the employee in case of accidentalexplosion.(iv) Controls for drum or containeropening equipment, monitoringequipment, and fire suppressionequipment shall be located behind theexplosion-resistant barrier.(v) When there is a reasonablepossibility of flammable atmospheresbeing present, material handlingequipment and hand tools shall be on thetype to prevent sources of ignition.(vi) Drums and containers shall beopened in such a manner that excessinterior pressure cannot be relieved froma remote location, appropriate shieldingshall be placed between the employee andthe drums or containers to reduce the riskof employee injury.(vii) Employees shall not stand upon orwork from drums or containers.(3) Material handling equipment.Material handling equipment used totransfer drums and containers shall beselected, positioned and operated tominimize sources of ignition related tothe equipment from igniting vaporsreleased from ruptured drums orcontainers.198 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

Federal Register / Vol. 52. No. 153 / Monday, August 10, 1987 / Proposed Rule 29647(4) Radioactive wastes. Drums andcontainers containing radioactivewastes shall not be handled until suchtime as their hazard to employees isproperly assessed.(5) Shock sensitive wastes.Caution.—Shipping of shock sensitive wastesmay be prohibited under U.S. Department ofTransportation regulations. Employers and theirshippers should refer to 49 CFR 173.21 and 173.50.As a minimum, the following specialprecautions shall be taken when drumsand containers containing or suspected ofcontaining shock-sensitive wastes arehandled:(i) All non-essential employees shallbe evacuated from the area of transfer.(ii) Material handling equipment shallbe provided with explosive containmentdevices or protective shields to protectequipment operators from explodingcontainers.(iii) An employee alarm systemcapable of being perceived abovesurrounding light and noise conditionsshall be used to signal thecommencement and completion ofexplosive waste handling activities.(iv) Continuous communications (i.e.,portable radios, hand signals, telephones,as appropriate) shall be maintainedbetween the employee-in-charge of theimmediate handling area and the sitesafety and health supervisor or commandpost until such time as the handlingoperation is completed. Communicationequipment or methods that could causeshock sensitive materials to explode shallnot be used.(v) Drums and containers underpressure, as evidenced by bulging orswelling, shall not be moved until suchtime as the cause for excess pressure isdetermined and appropriate containmentprocedures have been implemented toprotect employees from explosive reliefof the drum.(vii) Drums and containers containingpackaged laboratory wastes shall beconsidered to contain shock-sensitive orexplosive materials until they have beencharacterized.(6) Laboratory waste packs. Inaddition to the requirements ofparagraph (j)(5) of this section, thefollowing precautions shall be taken, as aminimum, in handling laboratory wastepacks (lab packs):(i) Lab packs shall be opened onlywhen necessary and then only by anindividual knowledgeable in theinspection, classification, and segregationof the containers within the packaccording to the hazards of the wastes.(ii) If crystalline material is noted onany container, the contents shall behandled as a shock-sensitive waste untilthe contents are identified.(7) Sampling drums and containers.Sampling of containers and drums shallbe done in accordance with a samplingprocedure which is part of the site safetyand health plan developed for andavailable to employees and others at thespecific worksite.(8) Shipping and transport. (i) Drumsand containers shall be identified andclassified prior to packaging forshipment.(ii) Drum or container staging areasshall be kept to the minimum numbernecessary to identify and classifymaterials safely and prepare them fortransport.(iii) Staging areas shall be providedwith adequate access and egress routes.(iv) Bulking of hazardous wastes shallbe permitted only after a thoroughcharacterization of the materials has beencompleted.(9) Tank and vault procedures.(i) Tanks and vaults containing hazardoussubstances shall be handled in a mannersimilar to that for drums and containers,taking into consideration the size of thetank or vault.(ii) Appropriate tank or vault entryprocedures meeting paragraph(b)(1)(iv)(A)(10) of this section shall befollowed whenever employees must entera tank or vault.(k) Decontamination. Procedures forall phases of decontamination shall bedeveloped and implemented inaccordance with this paragraph.(1) A decontamination procedure shallbe developed, communicated toemployees and implemented before anyemployees or equipment may enter areason site where potential for exposure tohazardous substances exists.(2) Standard operating procedures shallbe developed to minimize employeecontact with hazardous substances or withequipment that has contacted hazardoussubstances.(3) Decontamination shall beperformed in geographical areas that willminimize the exposure of uncontaminatedemployees or equipment to contaminatedemployees or equipment.(4) All employees leaving acontaminated area shall be appropriatelydecontaminated; all clothing andequipment leaving a contaminated areashall be appropriately disposed of ordecontaminated.(5) Decontamination procedures shallbe monitored by the site safety and healthsupervisor to determine theireffectiveness. When such procedures arefound to be ineffective, appropriate stepsshall be taken to correct any deficiencies.(6) All equipment and solvents usedfor decontamination shall bedecontaminated or disposed of properly.(7) Protective clothing and equipmentshall be decontaminated, cleaned,laundered, maintained or replaced asneeded to maintain their effectiveness.(8) Employees whose nonimpermeableclothing becomes wettedwith hazardous substances shallimmediately remove that clothing andproceed to shower. The clothing shall bedisposed of or decontaminated before it isremoved from the work zone.(9) Unauthorized employees shall notremove protective clothing or equipmentfrom change rooms.(10) Commercial laundries or cleaningestablishments that decontaminateprotective clothing or equipment shall beinformed of the potentially harmfuleffects of exposures to hazardoussubstances.(11) Where the decontaminationprocedure indicates a need for regularshowers and change rooms outside of acontaminated area, they shall be providedand meet the requirements of29 CFR 1910.141. If temperatureconditions prevent the effective use ofwater then other effective means forcleansing shall be provided and used.(l) Emergency response. Emergencyresponse at hazardous waste operationincidents shall be conducted inaccordance with this paragraph.(1) General—(i) Emergency responseplan. An emergency response plan shallbe developed and implemented by allemployers within the scope of this sectionto handle anticipated emergencies prior tothe commencement of hazardous wasteoperations. The plan shall be in writingand available for inspection and copyingby employees, their representatives andOSHA personnel. Employers who willevacuate their employees from theworkplace when an emergency occursand who do not permit any of theiremployees to respond to assist inhandling the emergency are exempt fromthe requirements of this paragraph if theyprovide an emergency action plancomplying with section 1910.38(a) of thispart.(ii) Elements of an emergency responseplan. The employer shall develop anemergency response plan for emergenciesGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 199

29648 Federal Register / Vol. 52, No. 153 / Monday, August 10, 1987 / Proposed Ruleswhich shall address, as a minimum, thefollowing:(A) Pre-emergency planning.(B) Personnel roles, lines of authority,training, and communication.(C) Emergency recognition andprevention.(D) Safe distances and places ofrefuge.(E) Site security and control.(F) Evacuation routes and procedures.(G) Decontamination.(H) Emergency medical treatment andfirst aid.(I) Emergency alerting and responseprocedures.(J) Critique of response and follow-up.(K) PPE and emergency equipment.(2) Emergency response at hazardouswaste clean-up sites-(i) Training.(A) Training for emergency responseemployees at clean-up operations shall beconducted in accordance withparagraph (e) of this section foremployers covered by paragraph (a)(1)(i)through (iii) of this section and inaccordance with paragraph (o)(5) of thissection for those employers covered byparagraph (a)(1)(iv) of this section.(B) Employers who can show that anemployee's work experience and/ortraining has resulted in trainingequivalent to that training required inparagraph (l)(2)(i)(A) of this section shallnot be required to provide the initialtraining requirements of thoseparagraphs. Equivalent training includesthe training that existing employees mighthave already received from actual sitework experience.(ii) Procedures for handlingemergency incidents. (A) In addition tothe elements for the emergency responseplan required in paragraph (l)(1)(ii) ofthis section, the following elements shallbe included for emergency responseplans:(1) Site topography, layout, andprevailing weather conditions.(2) Procedures for reporting incidentsto local, state, and federal governmentalagencies.(B) The emergency response plan shallbe a separate section of the Site Safetyand Health Plan.(C) The emergency response plan shallbe compatible and integrated with thedisaster, fire and/or emergency responseplans of local, state, and federal agencies.(D) The emergency response plan shallbe rehearsed regularly as part of theoverall training program for siteoperations.(E) The site emergency response planshall be reviewed periodically and, asnecessary, be amended to keep it currentwith new or changing site conditions orinformation.(F) An employee alarm system shall beinstalled in accordance with29 CFR 1910.165 to notify employees ofan emergency situation; to stop workactivities if necessary; to lowerbackground noise in order to speedcommunication; and to begin emergencyprocedures.(G) Based upon the informationavailable at time of the emergency, theemployer shall evaluate the incident andthe site response capabilities and proceedwith the appropriate steps to implementthe site emergency response plan.(3) Emergency response at sites otherthan hazardous waste clean-up sites—(i)Training. Employers shall provide thetraining specified by this paragraph forthose employees for whom there existsthe reasonable possibility of respondingto emergencies at sites other thanhazardous waste clean-up sites.(A) Emergency response organizationsor teams. Employees on emergencyresponse organizations or teams such asfire brigades, fire departments, plantemergency organizations, hazardousmaterials teams, spill response teams, andsimilar groups with responsibility foremergency response shall be trained to alevel of competence to protect themselvesand other employees in the recognition ofhealth and safety hazards, methods tominimize the risk from safety and healthhazards, safe use of control equipment,selection and use of appropriate personalprotective equipment, safe operatingprocedures to be used at the incidentscene, techniques of coordination withother employees to minimize risks,appropriate response to over exposurefrom health hazards or injury tothemselves and other employees andrecognition of subsequent symptomswhich may result from over exposures.(1) Competency may be demonstratedby 24 hours of training annually in thoseareas with training sessions at leastmonthly or by demonstrations by theemployee of competency in those areas atleast quarterly.(2) A certification shall be made of thetraining or competency and ifcertification of competency is made, theemployer shall keep a record of themethodology used to demonstratecompetency.(3) An employer of employees forwhom the reasonable possibility ofresponding to emergencies at other thanhazardous waste clean-up sites existsneed not train all such employees to thedegree specified in paragraph(l)(3)(i)(A)(1) of this section if theemployer divides the work force such thatsufficient employees who haveresponsibility to control the emergencyhave the training specified in thisparagraph and other employees who mayfirst respond to the incident havesufficient awareness training to recognizethat an emergency response situationexists and are instructed in that case tosummon the employees who are fullytrained and not attempt control activitiesfor which they are not trained.(4) An employer of employees forwhom the reasonable possibility exists ofresponding to emergencies at other thanhazardous waste clean-up sites need nottrain such employees to the degreespecified in paragraph (l)(3)(i)(A)(1) ofthis section if:(i) arrangements have been made inadvance for a fully-trained emergencyresponse team to respond in a reasonableperiod; and(ii) employees who may come to theincident first have sufficient awarenesstraining to recognize that an emergencyresponse situation exists and areinstructed to call the designated fullytrainedemergency response team forassistance.(B) Specialist employees. Employeeswho, in the course of their regular jobduties, work with and are trained in thehazards of specific materials covered bythis standard, and who will be calledupon to provide technical advice orassistance at a hazardous substancerelease incident, are exempt from themonthly training sessions required inparagraph (l)(3)(i)(A) of this section.They must, pursuant to paragraph(l)(3)(i)(A) however, receive at least24 hours of training annually ordemonstrate competency in the area oftheir specialization.(C) Skilled support personnel.Personnel, not necessarily an employer'sown employees, who are needed toperform immediate emergency supportwork that cannot reasonably beperformed in a timely fashion by anemployer's own employees, and who willbe or may potentially be exposed to thehazards at an emergency response scene,are not required to have the 24 hours ofannual training or demonstrate the200 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

Federal Register / Vol. 52. No. 153 / Monday, August 10, 1987 / Proposed Rule 29649competency required for the employer'sregular employees. However, the seniorofficial cited in paragraph (l)(3)(ii) of thissection shall ensure that these personnelare given an initial briefing at the site ofemergency response prior to theirparticipation in that response that shallinclude instruction in the wearing ofappropriate personal protectiveequipment, what chemical hazards areinvolved, and what duties are to beperformed. All appropriate safety andhealth precautions provided to theemployer's own employees shall be usedto assure the safety and health of thesepersonnel.(ii) Procedures for handlingemergency response. (A) The seniorofficial responding to an emergency atother than hazardous waste clean-up sitesinvolving a hazardous substance or healthhazard shall establish and become theindividual in charge of a site-specificIncident Command System (ICS). Allemergency responders and theircommunications shall be coordinated andcontrolled through the individual incharge of the ICS assisted by the seniorofficial present for each employer.Note: The "senior official" at an off-siteemergency response is the most senior official on thesite who has the responsibility for controlling theoperations at the site. Initially it is the senior officeron the first-due piece of responding emergencyapparatus to arrive on the incident scene. As moresenior officers arrive (i.e., fire chief, battalion chief,site coordinator, etc.) the position is passed up theline of authority.(B) The individual in charge of the ICSshall identify, to the extent possible, allhazardous substances or conditionspresent and shall address as appropriatesite analysis, use of engineering controls,maximum exposure limits, hazardoussubstance handling procedures, and useof any new technologies.(C) Based on the hazardous substancesand/or conditions present, the individualin charge of the ICS shall implementappropriate emergency operations, andassure that the personal protectiveequipment worn is appropriate for thehazards to be encountered. However,personal protective equipment shall meet,at a minimum, the criteria contained in29 CFR 1910.156(e) when worn whileperforming fire fighting operationsbeyond the incipient stage.(D) Employees engaged in emergencyresponse and exposed to hazardoussubstances shall wear positive pressureself-contained breathing apparatus whileengaged in emergency response untilsuch time that the individual in charge ofthe ICS determines through the use of airmonitoring that a decreased level ofrespiratory protection will not result inhazardous exposures to employees.(E) The individual in charge of the ICSshall limit the number of emergencyresponse personnel at the emergency siteto those who are actively performingemergency operations. However,operations in hazardous areas shall beperformed using the buddy system ingroups of two or more.(F) Back-up personnel shall stand bywith equipment ready to provideassistance or rescue. Qualified basic lifesupport personnel, as a minimum, shallalso stand by with medical equipment andtransportation capability.(G) The individual in charge of the ICSshall designate a safety official, who isknowledgeable in the operations beingimplemented at the emergency responsesite, with specific responsibility toidentify and evaluate hazards and toprovide direction with respect to thesafety of operations for the emergency athand.(H) When activities are judged by thesafety official to be an IDLH conditionand/or to involve an imminent dangercondition, the safety official shall havethe authority to alter, suspend, orterminate those activities. The safetyofficial shall immediately inform theindividual in charge of the ICS of anyactions taken to correct these hazards atan emergency scene.(I) After emergency operations haveterminated, the individual in charge of theICS shall implement appropriatedecontamination procedures.(J) When deemed necessary formeeting the tasks at hand, approved selfcontainedcompressed air breathingapparatus may be used with approvedcylinders from other approved selfcontainedcompressed air breathingapparatus provided that such cylinders areof the same capacity and pressure rating.All compressed air cylinders used withself-contained breathing apparatus shallmeet U.S. Department of Transportationand National Institute for OccupationalSafety and Health criteria.(4) Hazardous materials teams(HAZMAT). (i) Employees who aremembers of a HAZMAT team shall begiven training in accordance withparagraph (l)(3) of this section thatincludes the care end use of chemicalprotective clothing, and procedures to befollowed when working on leakingdrums, containers, tanks, or bulktransport vehicles.(ii) Members of HAZMAT teams shallreceive a base line physical exam andhave medical surveillance as required inparagraph (f) of this section.(iii) Chemical personal protectiveclothing and equipment to be used byHAZMAT team members shall meet therequirements of paragraph (g) of thissection.(5) Post-emergency responseoperations. Upon completion of theemergency response, if it is determinedthat it is necessary to remove hazardoussubstances, health hazards, and materialscontaminated with them (such ascontaminated soil or other elements of thenatural environment) from the site of theincident the employer conducting theclean-up shall comply with one of thefollowing:(i) Meet all of the requirements ofparagraphs (b) through (n) of this section;or(ii) Where the clean-up is done onplant property using plant or workplaceemployees, such employees shall havecompleted the training requirements ofthe following: 29 CFR 1910.38(a);1910.134; 1910.1200; and otherappropriate safety and health trainingmade necessary by the tasks that they areexpected to be performed. All equipmentto be used in the performance of theclean-up work shall be in serviceablecondition and shall have been inspectedprior to use.(m) Illumination. Areas accessible toemployees shall be lighted in accordancewith the requirements of this paragraph.(1)Work areas shall be lighted to notless than the minimum illuminationintensities listed in the followingTable H-102.1 while any work is inprogress:Table H-102.1 — Minimum IlluminationIntensities in Foot-CandlesFootCandlesArea of operations5 ........... General site areas.3 ........... Excavation and waste areas,accessways, active storage areas,loading platforms, refueling, andfield maintenance areas.5 ........... Tunnels, shafts, and generalunderground work areas.(Exception: Minimum of10 foot-candles is required attunnel and shaft heading duringdrilling, mucking, and scaling.Mine Safety and HealthAdministration approved caplights shall be acceptable for usein the tunnel heading.)GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 201

29650 Federal Register / Vol. 52, No. 153 / Monday, August 10, 1987 / Proposed Rules10......... General shops (e.g., mechanicaland electrical equipment rooms,active storerooms, barracks orliving quarters, locker ordressing rooms, dining areas,and indoor toilets andworkrooms.)30......... First aid stations, infirmaries, andoffices(n) Sanitation at temporaryworkplaces. Facilities for employeesanitation shall be provided in accordancewith this paragraph.(1) Potable water. (i) An adequatesupply of potable water shall be providedon the site.(ii) Portable containers used todispense drinking water shall be capableof being tightly closed and equipped witha tap. Water shall not be dipped fromcontainers.(iii) Any container used to distributedrinking water shall be clearly marked asto the nature of its contents and not usedfor any other purpose.(iv) Where single service cups (to beused but once) are supplied, both asanitary container for the unused cupsand a receptacle for disposing of the usedcups shall be provided.(2) Nonpotable water. (i) Outlets fornonpotable water, such as water forfirefighting purposes shall be identified toindicate clearly that the water is unsafeand is not to be used for drinking,washing, or cooking purposes.(ii) There shall be no cross-connection,open, or potential between a systemfurnishing potable water and systemfurnishing nonpotable water.(3) Toilets facilities. (i) Toilets shall beprovided for employees according to thefollowing Table H-102.2.Table H-102.2 — Toilet FacilitiesNumber of employees20 or fewer................. One.More than 20, fewerthan 200.More than 200............Minimum numberof facilitiesOne toilet seat and1 urinal per40 employees.One toilet seat and1 urinal per50 employees.(ii) Under temporary field conditions,provisions shall be made to assure that atleast one toilet facility is available.(iii) Hazardous-waste sites notprovided with a sanitary sewer shall beprovided with the following toiletfacilities unless prohibited by local codes:(A) Chemical toilets;(B) Recirculating toilets;(C) Combustion toilets; or(D) Flush toilets.(iv) The requirements of this paragraphfor sanitation facilities, shall not apply tomobile crews having transportationreadily available to nearby toiletfacilities.(v) Doors entering toilet facilities shallbe provided with entrance lockscontrolled from inside the facility.(4) Food handling. All food servicefacilities and operations for employeesshall meet the applicable laws,ordinances, and regulations of thejurisdictions in which they are located.(5) Temporary sleeping quarters.When temporary sleeping quarters areprovided, they shall be heated, ventilated,and lighted.(6) Washing facilities. The employershall provide adequate washing facilitiesfor employees engaged in operationswhere hazardous substances may beharmful to employees. Such facilitiesshall be in near proximity to the worksite;in areas where exposures are belowestablished permissible exposure limitsand which are under the controls of theemployer; and shall be so equipped as toenable employees to remove hazardoussubstances for themselves.(7) Showers and change rooms. Whenhazardous waste clean-up or removaloperations commence on a site and theduration of the work will requiresix months or greater time to complete,the employer shall provide showers andchange rooms for all employees exposedto hazardous substances and healthhazards involved in hazardous wasteclean-up or removal operations.(i) Showers shall be provided and shallmeet the requirements of 29 CFR1910.141(d)(3).(ii) Change rooms shall be providedand shall meet the requirements of29 CFR 1910.141(1). Change rooms shallconsist of two separate change areasseparated by the shower area required inparagraph (n)(7)(i). One change area,with an exit leading off the worksite,shall provide employees with a clean areawhere they can remove, store, and put onstreet clothing. The second area, with anexit to the worksite, shall provideemployees with an area where they canput on, remove, and store work clothingand personal protective equipment.(iii) Showers and change rooms, shallbe located in areas where exposures arebelow the established permissibleexposure limits. If this cannot beaccomplished, then a ventilation systemshall be provided that will supply air thatis below the established permissibleexposure limits.(iv) Employers shall assure thatemployees shower at the end of theirwork shift and when leaving thehazardous waste site.(o) Certain Operations ConductedUnder the Resource Conservation andRecovery Act of 1976 (RCRA). Employersconducting operations specified inparagraph (a)(2)(iii) of this section shall:(1) Develop and implement a writtensafety and health program for employeesinvolved in hazardous waste operationswhich shall be available for inspection byemployees, their representatives, andOSHA personnel. The program shall bedesigned to identify, evaluate, and controlsafety and health hazards in theirfacilities for the purpose of employeeprotection, and provide for emergencyresponse meeting the requirements ofparagraph (l) of this section and it shalladdress as appropriate site analysis,engineering controls, maximum exposurelimits, hazardous waste handlingprocedures, and uses of new technologies.(2) Implement a hazard communicationprogram as part of the employer's safetyand program meeting the requirements of29 CFR 1910.1200.Note.—The exemptions provided in § 1910.1200are applicable to this section.(3) Implement a medical surveillanceprogram meeting the requirements ofparagraph (f) of this section.(4) Develop and implement adecontamination procedure in accordancewith paragraph (k) of this section, and(5)(i) Develop and implement atraining program, which is part of theemployer's safety and health program, foremployees involved with hazardouswaste operations to enable each employeeto perform their assigned duties andfunctions in a safe and healthful mannerso as not to endanger themselves or otheremployees. The initial training shall befor 24 hours and refresher training shallbe for eight hours annually.(ii) Employers who can show by anemployee's previous work experienceand/or training that the employee has hadtraining equivalent to the initial trainingrequired by this paragraph, shall beconsidered as meeting the initial trainingrequirements of this paragraph as to thatemployee. Equivalent training includes202 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

Federal Register / Vol. 52. No. 153 / Monday, August 10, 1987 / Proposed Rule 29651the training that existing employees mighthave already received from actual sitework experience. Employees who havereceived the initial training required bythis paragraph shall be given a writtencertificate attesting that they havesuccessfully completed the necessarytraining.(p) New technology programs. (1) Theemployer shall develop and implementprocedures for the introduction ofeffective new technologies andequipment developed for the improvedprotection of employees working withhazardous waste clean-up operations, andthe same shall be implemented as part ofthe site safety and health program toassure that employee protection is beingmaintained.(2) New technologies, equipment, orcontrol measures available to theindustry, such as the use of foams orother means to suppress the level of aircontaminates while excavating the site orfor spill control, shall be evaluated byemployers or their representatives todetermine their effectiveness beforeimplementing their use on a large scalefor employee protection. Suchevaluations shall be made available toOSHA upon request.Appendices to §1910.120–HazardousWaste Operations and EmergencyResponseNote.—The following appendices serve asnon-mandatory guidelines to assist employees andemployers in complying with the appropriaterequirements of this section. However paragraph1910.120(g) makes mandatory in certaincircumstances the use of Level A and Level B PPEprotection.Appendix A—Personal ProtectiveEquipment Test MethodsThis appendix sets forth the nonmandatoryexamples of tests which maybe used to evaluate compliance withparagraphs 1910.120(g)(4)(ii) and (iii).Other tests and other challenge agentsmay be used to evaluate compliance.A. Totally-encapsulating chemicalprotective suit pressure test.1.0— Scope.1.1 This practice measures theability of a gas tight totally-encapsulatingchemical protective suit material, seams,and closures to maintain a fixed positivepressure. The results of this practiceallow the gas tight integrity of atotally-encapsulating chemical protectivesuit to be evaluated.1.2 Resistance of the suit materialsto permeation, penetration, anddegradation by specific hazardoussubstances is not determined by this testmethod.2.0— Definition of terms.2.1 “Totally-encapsulated chemicalprotective suit (TECP suit)” means a fullbody garment which is constructed ofprotective clothing materials; covers thewearer's torso, head, arms, and legs; maycover the wearer's hands and feet withtightly attached gloves and boots;completely encloses the wearer by itselfor in combination with the wearer'srespiratory equipment, gloves, and boots.2.2 "Protective clothing material"means any material or combination ofmaterials used in an item of clothing forthe purpose of isolating parts of the bodyfrom direct contact with a potentiallyhazardous liquid or gaseous chemicals.2.3 "Gas tight" means, for thepurpose of this test method, the limitedflow of a gas under pressure from theinside of a TECP suit to atmosphere at aprescribed pressure and time interval.3.0— Summary of test method.3.1 The TECP suit is visuallyinspected and modified for the test. Thetest apparatus is attached to the suit topermit inflation to the pre-test suitexpansion pressure for removal of suitwrinkles and creases. The pressure islowered to the test pressure andmonitored for three minutes. If thepressure drop is excessive, the TECP suitfails the test and is removed from service.The test is repeated after leak locationand repair.4.0— Required Supplies.4.1 Source of compressed air.4.2 Test apparatus for suit testing,including a pressure measurement devicewith a sensitivity of at least 1/4-inchwater gauge.4.3 Vent valve closure plugs orsealing tape.4.4 Soapy water solution and softbrush.4.5 Stop watch or appropriatetiming device.5.0— Safety Precautions.5.1 Care shall be taken to providethe correct pressure safety devicesrequired for the source of compressed airused.6.0— Test Procedure.6.1 Prior to each test, the testershall perform a visual inspection of thesuit. Check the suit for seam integrity byvisually examining the seams and gentlypulling on the seams. Ensure that all airsupply lines, fittings, visor, zippers, andvalves are secure and show no signs ofdeterioration.6.1.1 Seal off the vent valves alongwith any other normal inlet or exhaustpoints (such as umbilical air line fittingsor face piece opening) with tape or otherappropriate means (caps, plugs, fixture,etc.). Care should be exercised in thesealing process not to damage any of thesuit components.6.1.2 Close all closure assemblies.6.1.3 Prepare the suit for inflation byproviding an improvised connection pointon the suit for connecting an airline.Attach the pressure test apparatus to thesuit to permit suit inflation from acompressed air source equipped with apressure indicating regulator. The leaktightness of the pressure test apparatusshould be tested before and after each testby closing off the end of the tubingattached to the suit and assuring apressure of three inches water gauge forthree minutes can be maintained. If acomponent is removed for the test, thatcomponent shall be replaced and a secondtest conducted with another componentremoved to permit a complete test of theensemble.6.1.4 The pre-test expansion pressure(A) and the suit test pressure (B) shall besupplied by the suit manufacturer, but inno case shall they be less than: A= threeinches water gauge and B=two incheswater gauge. The ending suit pressure(C) shall be no less than 80 percent of thetest pressure (B); i.e., the pressure dropshall not exceed 20 percent of the testpressure (B).6.1.5 Inflate the suit until thepressure inside is equal to pressure "A"the pre-test expansion suit pressure.Allow at least one minute to fill out thewrinkles in the suit. Release sufficient airto reduce the suit pressure to pressure "B"the suit test pressure. Begin timing. Atthe end of three minutes, record the suitpressure as pressure "C" the ending suitpressure. The difference between the suittest pressure and the ending suit testpressure (B-C) shall be defined as the suitpressure drop.6.1.6 If the suit pressure drop is morethan 20 percent of the suit test pressure Bduring the three-minute test period, thesuit fails the test and shall be removedfrom service.7.0— Retest Procedure.7.1 If the suit fails the test checkfor leaks by inflating the suit to pressureA and brushing or wiping the entire suit(including seams, closures, lens gaskets,glove-to-sleeve joints, etc.) with a mildsoap and water solution. Observe the suitfor the formation of soap bubbles, whichGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 203

29652 Federal Register / Vol. 52, No. 153 / Monday, August 10, 1987 / Proposed Rulesis an indication of a leak. Repair allidentified leaks.7.2 Retest the TECP suit asoutlined in Test procedure 6.0.8.0— Report.8.1 Each TECP suit tested by thispractice shall have the followinginformation recorded:8.1.1 Unique identification number,identifying brand name, date of purchase,material of construction, and unique fitfeatures, e.g., special breathing apparatus.8.1.2 The actual values for testpressures A, B, and C shall be recordedalong with the specific observation times.If the ending pressure (C) is less than80 percent of the test pressure (B), thesuit shall be identified as failing the test.When possible, the specific leak locationshall be identified in the teat records.Retest pressure data shall be recorded asan additional test.8.1.3 The source of the test apparatusused shall be identified and the sensitivityof the pressure gauge shall be recorded.8.1.4 Records shall be kept for eachpressure test even if repairs are beingmade at the test location.CautionVisually inspect all parts of the suit tobe sure they are positioned correctly andsecured tightly before putting the suitback into service. Special care should betaken to examine each exhaust valve tomake sure it is not blocked.Care should also be exercised to assurethat the inside and outside of the suit iscompletely dry before it is put intostorage.B. Totally-encapsulating chemicalprotective suit qualitative leak test.1.0— Scope.1.1 This practice semi-qualitativelytests gas tight total-encapsulatingchemical protective suit integrity bydetecting inward leakage of ammoniavapor. Since no modifications are madeto the suit to carry out this test, the resultsfrom this practice provide a realistic testfor the integrity of the entire suit.1.2 Resistance of the suit materialsto permeation, penetration, anddegradation is not determined by this testmethod.2.0— Definition of terms.2.1 “Totally-encapsulated chemicalprotective suit (TECP suit)” means a fullbody garment which is constructed ofprotective clothing materials; covers thewearer's torso, head, arms, and legs; maycover the wearer's hands and feet withrightly attached gloves and boots;completely encloses the wearer by itselfor in combination with the wearer'srespiratory equipment, gloves, and boots.2.2 “Protective clothing material”means any material or combination ofmaterials used in an item of clothing for,the purpose of isolating parts of the bodyfrom direct contact with a potentiallyhazardous liquid or gaseous chemicals.2.3 “Gas tight” means, for thepurpose of this test method, the limitedflow of a gas under pressure from theinside of a TECP suit to atmosphere at aprescribed pressure and time interval.2.4 "Intrusion Coefficient" means anumber expressing the level of protectionprovided by a gas tight totallyencapsulatingchemical protective suit.The intrusion coefficient is calculated bydividing the test room challenge agentconcentration by the concentration ofchallenge agent found inside the suit. Theaccuracy of the intrusion coefficient isdependent on the challenge agentmonitoring methods. The larger theintrusion coefficient the greater theprotection provided by the TECP suit.3.0— Summary of recommendedpractice.3.1 The volume of concentratedaqueous ammonia solution (ammoniahydroxide NH 4 OH) required to generatethe test atmosphere is determined usingthe directions outlined in 6.1. The suit isdonned by a person wearing theappropriate respiratory equipment (eithera self-contained breathing apparatus or asupplied air respirator) and worn insidethe enclosed test room. The concentratedaqueous ammonia solution is taken by thesuited individual into the test room andpoured into an open plastic pan. Atwo-minute evaporation period isobserved before the test roomconcentration is measured, using a highrange ammonia length of stain detectortube. When the ammonia vapor reaches aconcentration of between 1000 and1200 ppm, the suited individual starts astandardized exercise protocol to stressand flex the suit. After this protocol iscompleted, the test room concentration ismeasured again. The suited individualexits the test room and his standby personmeasurers the ammonia concentrationinside the suit using a low range ammonialength of stain detector tube or other moresensitive ammonia detector. A stand-byperson is required to observe the testindividual during the test procedure; aidthe person in donning and doffing theTECP suit; and monitor the suit interior.The intrusion coefficient of the suit canbe calculated by dividing the average testarea concentration by the interior suitconcentration. A colorimetric indicatorstrip of bromophenol blue is placed onthe inside of the suit face piece lens sothat the suited individual is able to detecta color change and know if the suit has asignificant leak. If a color change isobserved the individual shall leave thetest room immediately.4.0— Required supplies.4.1 A supply of concentratedaqueous ammonia (58 percent ammoniumhydroxide by weight).4.2 A supply of bromophenol/blueindicating paper, sensitive to 5-10 ppmammonia or greater over a two-minuteperiod of exposure. [(pH 3.0 (yellow) topH 4.6 (blue)]4.3 A supply of high range (0.5-10volume percent) and low range(5-700 ppm) detector tubes for ammoniaand the corresponding sampling pump.More sensitive ammonia detectors can besubstituted for the low range detectortubes to improve the sensitivity of thispractice.4.4 A shallow plastic pan (PVC) atleast 12":14”:1" and a half pint plasticcontainer (PVC) with tightly closing lid.4.5 A graduated cylinder or othervolumetric measuring device of al least50 milliliters in volume with an accuracyof at least ±1 milliliters.5.0— Safety precautions.5.1 Concentrated aqueousammonium hydroxide, NH 4 OH, is acorrosive volatile liquid requiring eye,skin, and respiratory protection. Theperson conducting the test shall reviewthe MSDS for aqueous ammonia.5.2 Since the establishedpermissible exposure limit for ammoniais 50 ppm, only persons wearing a selfcontainedbreathing apparatus or asupplied air respirator shall be in thechamber. Normally only the personwearing the total-encapsulating suit willbe inside the chamber. A stand-by personshall have a self-contained breathingapparatus or a supplied air respiratoravailable to enter the test area should thesuited individual need assistance.5.3 A method to monitor the suitedindividual must be used during this test.Visual contact is the simplest but othermethods using communication devicesare acceptable.5.4 The test room shall be largeenough to allow the exercise protocol tobe carried out and then to be ventilated toallow for easy exhaust of the ammoniatest atmosphere after the test(s) arecompleted.204 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

Federal Register / Vol. 52. No. 153 / Monday, August 10, 1987 / Proposed Rule 296535.5 Individuals shall be medicallyscreened for the use of respiratoryprotection and checked for allergies toammonia before participating in this testprocedure.6.0— Test procedure.6.1.1 Measure the test area to thenearest foot and calculate its volume incubic feet. Multiply the test area volumeby 0.2 milliliters of concentrated aqueousammonia solution per cubic foot of testarea volume to determine theapproximate volume of concentratedaqueous ammonia required to generate1000 ppm in the test area.6.12 Measure this volume from thesupply of concentrated aqueous ammoniaand place it into a closed plasticcontainer.6.1.3 Place the container, severalhigh range ammonia detector tubes, andthe pump in the clean test pan and locateit near the test area entry door so that thesuited individual has easy access to thesesupplies.6.2.1 In a non-contaminatedatmosphere, open a pre-sealed ammoniaindicator strip and fasten one end of thestrip to the inside of the suit face shieldlens where it can be seen by the wearer.Moisten the indicator strip with distilledwater. Care shall be taken not tocontaminate the detector part of theindicator paper by touching it. A smallpiece of masking tape or equivalentshould be used to attach the indicatorstrip to the interior of the suit face shield.6.2.2 1f problems are encounteredwith this method of attachment, theindicator strip can be attached to theoutside of the respirator face piece beingused during the test.6.3 Don the respiratory protectivedevice normally used with the suit, andthen don the TECP suit to be tested.Check to be sure all openings which areintended to be sealed (zippers, gloves,etc.) are completely sealed. DO NOT,however, plug off any venting valves.6.4 Step into the enclosed test roomsuch as a closet, bathroom, or test booth,equipped with an exhaust fan. No airshould be exhausted from the chamberduring the test because this will dilute theammonia challenge concentrations.6.5 Open the container with thepre-measured volume of concentratedaqueous ammonia within the enclosedtest room, and pour the liquid into theempty plastic test pan. Wait two minutesto allow for adequate volatilization of theconcentrated aqueous ammonia. A smallmixing fan can be used near theevaporation pan to increase theevaporation rate of the ammonia solution.6.6 After two minutes adetermination of the ammoniaconcentration within the chamber shouldbe made using the high range calorimetricdetector tube. A concentration of1100 ppm ammonia or greater shall begenerated before the exercises are started.6.7 To test the integrity of the suitthe following four minute exerciseprotocol should be followed:6.7.1 Raising the arms above thehead with at least 15 raising motionscompleted in one minute.6.7.2 Walking in place forone minute with at least 15 raisingmotions of each leg in a one–minuteperiod.6.7.3 Touching the toes with a least 10complete motions of the arms from abovethe head to touching of the toes in aone-minute period.6.7.4 Knee bends with at least10 complete standing and squattingmotions in a one-minute period.6.8 If at any time during the test thecolorimetric indicating paper shouldchange colors, the test should be stoppedand sections 6.10 and 6.12 initialed (See§ 4.2).6.9 After completion of the testexercise, the test area concentrationshould be measured again using the highrange colorimetric detector tube.6.10 Exit the test area.6.11 The opening created by the suitzipper or other appropriate suitpenetration should be used to determinethe ammonia concentration in the suitwith the low range length of staindetector tube or other ammonia monitor.The internal TECP suit air should besampled far enough from the enclosedtest area to prevent a false ammoniareading.6.12 After completion of themeasurement of the suit interior ammoniaconcentration the test is concluded andthe suit is doffed and the respiratorremoved.6.13 The ventilating fan for the testroom should be turned on and allowed torun for enough time to remove theammonia gas. The fan shall be vented tothe outside of the building.6.14 Any detectable ammonia in thesuit interior (five ppm ammonia (NH 3 ) ormore for the length of stain detector tube)indicates that the suit has failed the test.When other ammonia detectors are used alower level of detection is possible, and itshould be specified as the pass/failcriteria.6.15 By following this test method,an intrusion coefficient of approximately200 or more can be measured with thesuit in a completely operationalcondition.7.0— Retest procedures7.1 If the suit fails this test, checkfor leaks by following the pressure test intest A above.7.2 Retest the TECP suit asoutlined in the test procedure 6.0.8.0— Report.8.1 Each gas tighttotally-encapsulating chemical protectivesuit tested by this practice shall have thefollowing information recorded.8.1.1 Unique Identification number,identifying brand name, date of purchase,material of construction, and unique suitfeatures; e.g., special breathing apparatus.8.1.2 General description of testroom used for test.8.1.3 Brand name and purchase dateof ammonia detector strips and colorchange data.8.1.4 Brand name, sampling range,and expiration date of the length of stainammonia detector tubes. The brand nameand model of the sampling pump shouldalso be recorded. If another type ofammonia detector is used, it should beidentified along with its minimumdetection limit for ammonia.8.1.5 Actual test results shall list thetwo test area concentrations, theiraverage, the interior suit concentration,and the calculated intrusion coefficient.Retest data shall lie recorded as anadditional test.8.2 The evaluation of the data shallbe specified as "suit passed" or "suitfailed" and the date of the test. Anydelectable ammonia (five ppm or greaterfor the length of stain detector tube) inthe suit interior indicates the suit hasfailed this test. When other ammoniadetectors are used, a lower level ofdetection is possible and it should bespecified as the pass fail criteria.CautionVisually inspect all parts of the suit tobe sure they are positioned correctly andsecured tightly before putting the suitback into service. Special care should betaken to examine each exhaust valve tomake sure it is not blocked.Care should also be exercised to assurethat the inside and outside of the suit isGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 205

29654 Federal Register / Vol. 52, No. 153 / Monday, August 10, 1987 / Proposed Rulescompletely dry before it is put intostorage.Appendix B—General Description andDiscussion of the Levels of Protectionand Protective GearThis appendix sets forth informationabout personal protective equipment(PPE) protection levels which may beused to assist employers in complyingwith the PPE requirements of this section.As required by the standard, PPE mustbe selected which will protect employeesfrom the specific hazards which they arelikely to encounter during their workon-site.Selection of the appropriate PPE is acomplex process which must take intoconsideration a variety of factors. Keyfactors involved in this process areidentification of the hazards, or suspectedhazards; their routes of potential hazardto employees (inhalation, skin absorption,ingestion, and eye or skin contact); andthe performance of the PPE materials(and seams) in providing a barrier tothese hazards. The amount of protectionprovided by PPE is material-hazardspecific. That is, protective equipmentmaterials will protect well against somehazardous substances and poorly, or notat all, against others. In many instances,protective equipment materials cannot befound which will provide continuousprotection from the particular hazardoussubstance. In these cases thebreakthrough time of the protectivematerial should exceed the workdurations, or the exposure afterbreakthrough must not pose a hazardouslevel.Other factors in this selection processto be considered are matching the PPE tothe employee's work requirements andtask-specific conditions. The durability ofPPE materials, such as tear strength andseam strength, must be considered inrelation to the employee's tasks. Theeffects of PPE in relation to heat stressand task duration are a factor in selectingand using PPE. In some cases layers ofPPE may be necessary to providesufficient protection, or to protectexpensive PPE inner garments suits orequipment.The more that is known about thehazards at the site, the easier the job ofPPE selection becomes. As moreinformation about the hazards andconditions at the site becomes available,the site supervisor can make decisions toup-grade or down-grade the level of PPEprotection to match the tasks at hand.The following are guidelines whichan employer can use to begin theselection of the appropriate PPE. Asnoted above, the site information maysuggest the use of combinations of PPEselected from the different protectionlevels (i.e., A, B, C, or D) as beingmore suitable to the hazards of thework. It should be cautioned that thelisting below does not fully address theperformance of the specific PPEmaterial in relation to the specifichazards at the job site, and that PPEselection, evaluation and re-selection isan ongoing process until sufficientinformation about the hazards and PPEperformance is obtained.Part A. Personal protective equipmentis divided into four categories based onthe degree of protection afforded. (SeePart B of this appendix for furtherexplanation of Levels A, B, C, and Dhazards.).I. Level A—To be selected when thegreatest level of skin, respiratory, and eyeprotection is required.The following constitute Level Aequipment; it may be used as appropriate:1. Pressure-demand, full face-pieceself-contained breathing apparatus(SCBA), or pressure-demand supplied airrespirator with escape SCBA, approvedby the National Institute for OccupationalSafety and Health (NIOSH).2.Totally-encapsulating chemicalprotectivesuit.3. Coveralls. ∗4. Long underwear.5. Gloves, outer, chemical-resistant.6. Gloves, inner, chemical-resistant.7. Boots, chemical-resistant, steel toeand shank.8. Hard hat (under suit).*9. Disposable protective suit, glovesand boots (depending on suitconstruction, may be worn over totallyencapsulatingsuit).10. Two-way radios (worn insideencapsulating suit).II. Level B—The highest level ofrespiratory protection is necessary but alesser level of skin protection is needed.The following constitute Level Bequipment; it may be used as appropriate.1. Pressure-demand, full face-pieceself-contained breathing apparatus(SCBA), or pressure-demand supplied airrespirator with escape SCBA (NIOSHapproved).∗ Optional as applicable.2. Hooded chemical-resistant clothing(overalls and long-sleeved jacket;coveralls; one or two-piece chemicalsplashsuit; disposable chemical-resistantoveralls).3. Coveralls. ∗4. Gloves, outer, chemical-resistant.5. Gloves, inner, chemical-resistant.6. Boots, outer, chemical-resistant steeltoe and shank.7. Boot-covers, outer, chemicalresistant(disposable).*8. Hard hat.9. Two-way radios (worn insideencapsulating suit).10. Face shield.*III. Level C—The concentration(s) andtype(s) of airborne substance(S) is knownand the criteria for using air purifyingrespirators are met.The following constitute Level Cequipment: it may be used as appropriate1. Full-face or half-mask, air purifyingrespirators (NIOSH approved).2. Hooded chemical-resistant clothing(overalls; two-piece chemical-splash suit;disposable chemical-resistant overalls).3. Coveralls.*4. Gloves, outer, chemical-resistant.5. Gloves, inner, chemical-resistant.6. Boots (outer), chemical-resistantsteel toe and shank.*7. Boot-covers, outer, chemicalresistant(disposable).*8. Hard hat.9. Escape mask.*10. Two-way radios (worn underoutside protective clothing).11. Face shield.*IV. Level D—A work uniformaffording minimal protection, used fornuisance contamination only.The following constitute Level Dequipment; it may be used as appropriate:1. Coveralls.2. Gloves.*3. Boots/shoes, chemical-resistant steeltoe and shank.4. Boots, outer, chemical-resistant(disposable).*5. Safety glasses or chemical splashgoggles.*6. Hard hat.206 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

Federal Register / Vol. 52. No. 153 / Monday, August 10, 1987 / Proposed Rule 296557. Escape mask.*8. Face shield.*Part B. The types of hazards for whichlevels A, B, C, and D protection areappropriate are described below:I. Level A—Level A protection shouldbe used when:1. The hazardous substance has beenidentified and requires the highest levelof protection for skin, eyes, and therespiratory system based on either themeasured (or potential for) highconcentration of atmospheric vapors,gases, or particulates; or the siteoperations and work functions involve ahigh potential for splash, immersion, orexposure to unexpected vapors, gases, orparticulates of materials that are harmfulto skin or capable of being absorbedthrough the intact skin;2. Substances with a high degree ofhazard to the skin are known or suspectedto be present, and skin contact is possible;or3. Operations must be conducted inconfined, poorly ventilated areas, and theabsence of conditions requiring Level Ahave not yet been determined.II. Level B protection should be usedwhen:1. The type and atmosphericconcentration of substances have beenidentified and require a high level ofrespiratory protection, but less skinprotection;Note.—This involves atmospheres with IDLHconcentrations of specific substances that do notrepresent a severe skin hazard; or that do not meet thecriteria for use of air-purifying respirators.2. The atmosphere contains less than19.5 percent oxygen; or3. The presence of incompletelyidentified vapors or gases is indicated bya direct-reading organic vapor detectioninstrument, but vapors and gases are notsuspected of containing high levels ofchemicals harmful to skin or capable ofbeing absorbed through the intact skin.III. Level C protection should be usedwhen:1. The atmospheric contaminants,liquid splashes, or other direct contactwill not adversely affect or be absorbedthrough any exposed skin;2. The types of air contaminants havebeen identified, concentrations measured,and an air-purifying respirator is availablethat can remove the contaminants; and3. All criteria for the use of airpurifyingrespirators are met.IV. Level D protection should be usedwhen:1 The atmosphere contains no knownhazard; and2. Work functions preclude splashes,immersion, or the potential forunexpected inhalation of or contact withhazardous levels of any chemicals.Note.—As stated before, combinations of personalprotective equipment other than those described forLevels A, B, C, and D protection may be moreappropriate and may be used to provide the properlevel of protection.Appendix C—Compliance Guidelines1. Occupational Safety and HealthProgram. Each hazardous waste siteclean-up effort will require anoccupational safety and health programheaded by the site coordinator or theemployer's representative. The programwill be designed for the protection ofemployees at the site. The purpose of theprogram will need to be developed beforework begins on the site and implementedas work proceeds. The program is tofacilitate coordination and communicationamong personnel responsible forthe various activities which will takeplace at the site. It will provide theoverall means for planning andimplementing the needed safety andhealth training and job orientation ofemployees who will be working at thesite. The program will provide the meansfor identifying and controlling worksitehazards and the means for monitoringprogram effectiveness. The program willneed to cover the responsibilities andauthority of the site coordinator or theemployer's manager on the site for thesafety and health of employees at the site,and the relationships with contractors orsupport services as to what eachemployer's safety and healthresponsibilities are for their employees onthe site. Each contractor on the site needsto have its own safety and health programso structured that it will smoothlyinterface with the program of the sitecoordinator.Also those employers involved withtreating, storing or disposal of hazardouswaste as covered in paragraph (o) musthave implemented a safety and healthplan for their employees. This program isto include the hazard communicationprogram required in paragraph (o)(1) andthe training required in paragraph (o)(5)as parts of the employers comprehensiveoverall safety and health program. Thisprogram is to be in writing.Each site or workplace safety andhealth program will need to include thefollowing: (1) Policy statements of theline of authority and accountability forimplementing the program, the objectivesof the program, and the role of the sitesafety and health supervisor or managerand staff; (2) means or methods for thedevelopment of procedures foridentifying and controlling workplacehazards at the site; (3) means or methodsfor the development and communicationto employees of the various plans, workrules, standard operating procedures, andpractices that pertain to individualemployees and supervisors; (4) means forthe training of supervisors and employeesto develop the needed skills andknowledge to perform their work in a safeand healthful manner; (5) means toanticipate and prepare for emergencysituations and; (6) means for obtaininginformation feedback to aid in evaluatingthe program and for improving theeffectiveness of the program. Themanagement and employees should betrying continually to improve theeffectiveness of the program therebyenhancing the protection being affordedthose working on the site.Accidents on the site or workplaceshould be investigated to provideinformation on how such occurrences canbe avoided in the future. When injuries orillnesses occur on the site or workplace,they will need to be investigated todetermine what needs to be done toprevent this incident from occurringagain. Such information will need to beused as feedback on the effectiveness ofthe program and the information turnedinto positive steps to prevent anyreoccurrence. Receipt of employeesuggestions or complaints relating tosafety and health issues involved with siteor workplace activities is also a feedbackmechanism that can be used effectively toimprove the program and may serve inpart as an evaluative tool(s).2. Training. The employer isencouraged to utilize those trainingprograms that have been recognized bythe National Institute of EnvironmentalHealth Sciences through its traininggrants program. These training andeducational programs are beingdeveloped for employees who workdirectly with hazardous substances. Forfurther information about these programscontact: National Institute ofEnvironmental Health Sciences, P.O.Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC27709.The training programs for employeessubject to the requirements ofparagraph (e) of this standard areexpected to address: the safety and healthhazards employees should expect to findon sites; what control measures ortechniques are effective for those hazards;what monitoring procedures are effectivein characterizing exposure levels; whatmakes an effective employer's safety andGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 207

29656 Federal Register / Vol. 52, No. 153 / Monday, August 10, 1987 / Proposed Ruleshealth program; what a site safety andhealth plan should include; and,employee's responsibilities under OSHAand other regulations. Supervisors willneed training in their responsibilitiesunder the safety and health program andits subject areas such as the spillcontainment program, the personalprotective equipment program, themedical surveillance program, theemergency response plan and other areas.Training programs for emergencyservice organizations are available fromthe U.S. National Fire Academy,Emmitsburg, MD and the various statefire training schools. The InternationalSociety of Fire Service Instructors,Ashland, MA is another resource.The training programs for employeescovered by the requirements ofparagraph (l)(3) of this standard areexpected to address: the need for and useof personal protective equipmentincluding respirators; thedecontamination procedures to be used;preplanning activities for hazardoussubstance incidents including theemergency response plan; companystandard operating procedures forhazardous substance emergencyresponses; the use of the incidentcommand system and other subjects.Hands-on training should be stressedwhenever possible. Critiques done afteran incident which include any evaluationof what worked and what did not andhow can we do better the next time maybe counted as training time.For hazardous materials teams, thetraining will need to address the care, useand/or testing of chemical protectiveclothing including totally encapsulatingsuits, the medical surveillance program,the standard operating procedures for theuse of plugging and patching equipmentand other subject areas.Officers and leaders who may beexpected to be in charge at an incidentwill need to be fully knowledgeable oftheir company's incident commandsystem. They will need to know whereand how to obtain additional assistanceand be familiar with the local district'semergency response plan.Technical exports or medical expertsor environmental experts that work withhazardous materials in their regular jobs,who may be sent to the incident scene bythe shipper, manufacturer orgovernmental agency to advise and assistthe person in charge of the incident neednot have monthly training sessions,however, they will be required to havethe 24 hours of training on an annualbasis. Their training must include the careand use of personal protective equipmentincluding respirators; knowledge of theincident command system; and thoseareas needed to keep them current in theirrespective field as it relates to safety andhealth involving specific hazardoussubstances.Those employees who work for publicworks departments or special equipmentoperators who operate bulldozers, sandtrucks, backhoes, etc., who may be calledto the incident scene to provideemergency support assistance, will needat least a safety and health briefing beforeentering the area of potential or actualexposure. These specially skilled persons,who have not been a part of theemergency plan and do not meet therequired training hours, must be madeaware of the hazards they face and beprovided all necessary protective clothingand equipment required for their tasks. Ifrespirators are to be worn, the speciallyskilled person shall be trained inaccordance with § 1910.134 beforeproceeding into the hazardous area to dotheir assigned job.3. Decontamination. Decontaminationprocedures should be tailored to thespecific hazards of the site, and will varyin complexity and number of steps,depending on the level of hazard and theemployee's exposure to the hazard.Decontamination procedures and PPEdecontamination methods will varydepending upon the specific substance,since one procedure or method will notwork for all substances. Evaluation ofdecontamination methods and proceduresshould be performed, as necessary, toassure that employees are not exposed tohazards by re-using PPE. References inAppendix D may be used for guidance inestablishing an effective decontaminationprogram.4. Emergency response plans. States,along with designated districts within thestates, will be developing or havedeveloped emergency response plans.These state and district plans are to beutilized in the emergency response planscalled for in this standard. Eachemployer needs to assure that itsemergency response plan is compatiblewith the local plan. In addition, theChemical Manufacturers' Association(CMA) is another helpful resource informulating an effective emergencyresponse plan. Also the currentEmergency Response Guidebook fromthe U.S. Department of Transportation,CMA's CHEMTREC and the Fire ServiceEmergency Management Handbookshould be used as resources.Appendix D — ReferencesThe following references may beconsulted for further information on thesubject of this notice:1. OSHA Instruction DFO CPL 2.70January 29, 1986, Special EmphasisProgram: Hazardous Waste Sites.2. OSHA Instruction DFOCPL 2-2.37A—January 29, 1986,Technical Assistance and Guidelines forSuperfund and Other Hazardous WasteSite Activities.3. OSHA Instruction DTS CPL 2.74—January 29, 1986, Hazardous WasteActivity Form, OSHA 175.4. Hazardous Waste InspectionsReference Manual, U.S. Department ofLabor, Occupational Safety and HealthAdministration, 1986.5. Memorandum of UnderstandingAmong the National Institute forOccupational Safety and Health, theOccupational Safety and HealthAdministration, the United States CoastGuard, and the United StatesEnvironmental Protection Agency,Guidance for Worker Protection DuringHazardous Waste Site Investigations andClean-up and Hazardous SubstanceEmergencies, December 18, 1980.6. National Priorities List, 1st Edition,October 1984: U.S. EnvironmentalProtection Agency, Revised periodically.7. The Decontamination of ResponsePersonnel, Field Standard OperatingProcedures (F.S.O.P.) 7; U.S.Environmental Protection Agency, Officeof Emergency and Remedial Response,Hazardous Response Support Division,December 1984.8. Preparation of a Site Safety Plan,Field Standard Operating Procedures(F.S.O.P.) 9; U.S. EnvironmentalProtection Agency, Office of Emergencyand Remedial Response, HazardousResponse Support Division, April 1985.9. Standard Operating SafetyGuidelines: U.S. EnvironmentalProtection Agency, Office of Emergencyand Remedial Response, HazardousResponse Support Division,Environmental Response Team;November 1984.10. Occupational Safety and HealthGuidance Manual for Hazardous WasteSite Activities, National Institute forOccupational Safety and Health (NOSH),Occupational Safety and HealthAdministration (OSHA), U.S. CoastGuard (USCG), and EnvironmentalProtection Agency (EPA); October 1985.208 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

Federal Register / Vol. 52. No. 153 / Monday, August 10, 1987 / Proposed Rule 2965711. Protecting Health and Safety ofHazardous Waste Sites: An Overview,U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,EPA/625/ 9-85/006; September 1985.12. Hazardous Waste Sites andHazardous Substance Emergencies,NIOSH Worker Bulletin, U.S.Department of Health and HumanServices, Public Health Service, Centersfor Disease Control, National Institute forOccupational Safety and Health;December 1982.13. Personal Protective Equipment forHazardous Materials Incidents: ASelection Guide; U.S. Department ofHealth and Human Services, PublicHealth Service, Centers for DiseaseControl, National Institute forOccupational Safety and Health; October1984.14. Fire Service EmergencyManagement Handbook, InternationalAssociation of Fire Chiefs Foundation,101 East Holly Avenue, Unit 10B,Sterling, VA 22170, January 1985.15. Emergency Response Guidebook,U.S. Department of Transportation,Washington, DC, 1983.16. Report to the Congress onHazardous Materials Training, Planning,and Preparedness, Federal EmergencyManagement Agency, Washington, DC,July 1986.17. Workbook for Fire Command, AlanV. Brunacini and J. David Beageron,National Fire Protection Association.Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02269,1985.18. Fire Command, Alan V. Brunacini,National Fire Protection, BatterymarchPark, Quincy, MA 02269, 1985.19. Incident Command System, FireProtection Publications, Oklahoma StateUniversity, Stillwater, OK 74078, 1983.20. Site Emergency ResponsePlanning, Chemical ManufacturersAssociation, Washington, DC 20037,1986.[FR Doc. 87-18118 Filed 8-6-87;10:14 am]BILLING CODE 4510-26-MGUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 209

APPENDIX H: GUIDELINES FOR REPORTABLEQUANTITIES OF LEAK TO NOTIFY OFFSITE EMERGENCYOne of the stated objectives of the project was to identify a trigger mechanism to achieve quick response that will resultin saving of lives and property. We have recommended that a quantitative criteria developed by USEPA (on basis of hazardanalysis) be adopted as a “guideline.” We must clarify that Indian legislation do not support such quantitative criteria todecide whether or not to notify offsite. However, we also identified need of the industry to have some guidance on howto determine the “potential” for an offsite. These guidelines are thus only suggestive. Following these will ensure thatindustry will err on safe side. We are copying the US legislation verbatim as a reference.210 GUJARAT STATE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

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TECHNICAL CONTACT3, Mahendra Industrial Premises. Road No 29. Sion (East), Mumbai - 400 014+91 22 2402 1757 (tel) +91 22 2402 1757 (fax)Pune Branch: 12 Paras Chambers, Pune 4110092400 Ellis Road, Suite 200Research Triangle Park, NC 27703Phone: (919) 990-8191 or (800) 977-8191Fax: (919) 237-7468