Environmental Law in Pakistan - IUCN

6.1.1.1 CantonmentsOrdinance 2002This ordinance repeals the Cantonments Act 1924. As under the1924 act, the federal government may, by notification, declare anyarea where the Pakistan armed forces are quartered, or wheredefence installations or defence production units are located, orwhich is in the vicinity of such installations, to be a cantonment.The ordinance includes specific provisions for arboriculture,planting trees and forests, felling of trees and laying out gardens,water supply and drainage.6.1.1.2 PakistanEnvironmental ProtectionAgency Review of InitialEnvironmentalExamination andEnvironmental ImpactAssessment Regulations2000 (SRO 339(I)/2000dated 13 June 2000)These regulations, to be read with PEPA Section 12, containdetailed procedures that must be followed in the IEE/EIA process,such as conducting public hearings, issuing notices, recordingdecisions and accepting or rejecting an EIA/IEE. Section 5(a)requires that an EIA is carried out for any project likely to cause an“adverse environmental effect”.Housing schemes and projects with significant “off-site impacts”such as hospitals, as well as urban development projects, requirean IEE (Schedule I, Section I). Small-scale operations related tourban development that require an IEE include water supply andtreatment installations (Schedule I, Section G), and waste disposalfacilities with an annual capacity of less than 10,000 cubic metres(Schedule I, Section H).Urban plans in large cities and large-scale tourism developmentprojects are included in Schedule II, Section H, and require an EIA.Other large-scale operations requiring an EIA are specified inSchedule II, Sections F and G.The regulations provide for the monitoring of projects aftercompletion. Section 18 requires owners to submit an annual reportto the Federal Agency. This report must summarise operationalperformance with an emphasis on adequate maintenance andmeasures to mitigate adverse affects on the environment. On thebasis of such reports or its own investigations, the Federal Agencyis authorised to cancel the approval of any project at any time if itis found that conditions of approval have been violated or falseinformation provided (Section 19).Section 21 empowers the Federal Agency to designate“environmentally sensitive areas”, but does not specify how suchareas relate to urban and rural development, to protected forestsdesignated under forest laws, or to other types of protected areasdesignated under provincial legislation.06Processes andInstitutions44EnvironmentalLaw in PakistanFederal6.1.1.3 AntiquitiesAct 1975“Ancient and historical monuments, archaeological sites andremains” are mentioned in the Concurrent Legislative List (item37). The 1975 law defines antiquities to include “ancient product[s]of human activity” as well as objects or sites of “historical,ethnographical, anthropological, military or scientific interest”(Section 2(c)). The federal government has the power to decide