210 PERFORMANCE MEASURES TO IMPROVE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS AND AGENCY OPERATIONStant task to undertake. Integrating the data into theplanning and programming processes will follow.California is not yet using data to prioritize or toprogram system projects and services but instead toevaluate existing projects and to provide informationto local decision makers and customers to use as theywish.Kentucky <strong>Transportation</strong> CabinetRob Bostrom, transportation engineering specialistwith the Kentucky <strong>Transportation</strong> Cabinet (KyTC,the state’s DOT) presented information on Kentucky’suse of performance measures in the planningprocess and their relation to KyTC’s quality initiatives.The main goals of the quality initiatives are toensure mobility and access, support economic development,continually improve organizational performance,and strengthen customer and stakeholder relationships.Overall emphasis is placed on improvedperformance in the areas of project delivery, safety,human resources, and system preservation.The presentation of KyTC’s performance measuresefforts emphasized three units at KyTC: the Divisionof Multimodal Programs, the Division of Planning,and the Kentucky <strong>Transportation</strong> Center (a researchunit affiliated with the University of Kentucky).Division of Multimodal ProgramsPerformance measures are used in a range of planningand analysis support functions, including thefollowing:• Travel demand modeling;• Air quality (including emission reduction andstate implementation plan compliance);• Traffic forecasting (timeliness, charging costs toprojects);• Mobility (cost of congestion); and• Small urban area studies.Pilot mobility evaluation programs are under way,testing measures including travel time, travel reliability,and congestion.Division of PlanningThe planning division at KyTC encompasses numerousanalytical support functions including GIS, highwayinformation systems, and TMSs. Performancemeasures are used in each of these systems to improveperformance and quality of data provided foruse by others. They include organizational performanceand program quality measures, such as degreeof accuracy of data sets, timeliness of inventory, andnumber of mistakes.Kentucky <strong>Transportation</strong> Center <strong>Research</strong> UnitThe transportation center has numerous planningrelatedstudies under way or ongoing, such as vehicleclassification analysis, load spectra development, andcost of construction delays. For example, the growthrate analysis study will improve estimation capabilitiesfor vehicle miles traveled and involve more sophisticatedforecasting and analysis techniques. Studiessuch as this are measured in terms of theirtimeliness and usefulness.Pennsylvania Department of <strong>Transportation</strong>’sStrategic AgendaBarbara Mason Haines of the Pennsylvania Departmentof <strong>Transportation</strong> (PennDOT) presented informationon the department’s ‘‘strategic agenda,’’ ascorecard of the measures information system, andstate data currency issues.Strategic Focus AreasThe strategic agenda is based on vision, mission, andvalue statements developed through a typical strategicplanning process. The eight strategic focus areasencompass most of the issues of interest tackled byother state DOTs, such as mobility, customer focus,and safety. Of special interest in the PennDOT effortare strategies such as a ‘‘maintenance first’’ agenda,singling out the importance of innovation and technologyand building stronger relationships with partnerssuch as customers and suppliers. Each focus areais associated with one or more goals and correspondingobjectives, which tend to be high level or strategicin nature. That is, they emphasize relatively broadresults and are aimed at departmentwide processesand activities. Also noteworthy in PennDOT’sagenda is that each strategic focus area has an owneror leader who is responsible for the results.Scorecard of Measures Information SystemThe PennDOT strategic agenda includes a wellorganizedscorecard of measures that clearly lays outstrategic focus areas, goals, measures, measurementtools [the actual metric, e.g., international roughness
SUMMARY OF PEER EXCHANGE ON DATA FOR PERFORMANCE MEASURES 211index (IRI) or ISO 14001 environmental criteria],and targets. A distinction is made as to whether agoal supports external customer needs or internalneeds (e.g., department support).PennDOT has developed an electronic version ofthis scorecard of measures, providing a significantamount of structured, detailed performance data.This CD-based program stores and provides links toinformation on a wide variety of performance fronts.The user can zero in on a specific measure (e.g., IRI),observe performance by engineering district andcounty, or find out which particular pavement typeor traffic routes are contributing to a problem.Data IssuesTraffic volume and other highway statistics are availableon the Internet and draw from the same databaseas does the state highway performance measuring system.PennDOT resolved the data currency versus reportingcycle issue. All users draw from the same database,which is updated quarterly. Actual data in thedatabase are updated continuously, but only ownerscan access the latest data that have not yet been summarizedfor the most recent quarter. Nonowners haveaccess only to the latest quarter. The result is eliminatingor minimizing the problem of different usersciting data from disparate time periods.Maryland Department of <strong>Transportation</strong>,State Highway Administration:System Performance ReportWilliam Walsek, division chief of the Highway InformationServices Division at the Maryland State HighwayAdministration (SHA), presented the state ofMaryland’s Highway System Performance MeasurementsProgram and SHA’s 4-year business plan. Thebusiness plan identifies eight key performance areasfor department focus: mobility, highway safety, systempreservation, economic development, communityenhancement, environmental responsibility, customerservice, and managing resources.Business PlanWithin the mobility performance area, several goalsand corresponding measures have been identified. Althoughsome measures are similar to those used inseveral other states, there are notable innovations.Among them are the following:• Reduce the time required to restore normal trafficflow after an incident, and• Provide timely and reliable mobility informationto the traveling public.These goals suggest an unusual degree of emphasison incident management and real-time informationcollection and distribution.As at PennDOT, each goal is assigned one or twosenior managers, whose job it is to establish measuresand monitor progress. The performance measures aretied to specific numeric targets that quantify the desiredlevel of service or improvement and identify aspecific target date.The SHA objectives (targets) are a blend of externalmeasures of outcome (results), such as ‘‘improveaverage clearing time of incidents by 5% by June2001’’ and internal measures of agency output, suchas ‘‘provide more real-time information on the Webby FY 2002.’’Highway System PerformanceMeasurements ProgramA work currently under development, the MarylandHighway System Performance Measurements Programwill provide an annual report on system performance.The report will include data on systemcoverage, utilization, capital investment, demand,condition, and community enhancement. The systemperformance measures and indicators are generallytime based; that is, system condition or performanceis expressed as trends over time. Among the currentmeasures in use are track capital investment, lanemiles, and vehicle miles traveled; and relevant contextualinformation, such as population, number oflicensed drivers, size of labor force, and others. Thesecontext measures provide a quick way to assess howtransportation system trends (e.g., vehicle miles traveled)relate to general state trends (e.g., populationor labor force participation). Most of the data arederived from existing sources, and to date, the reportfocuses largely on historical trends rather than projectedfuture trends.Maryland DOT ProgramBecause it is a work in progress, to date the annualperformance report has not experienced a great dealof external exposure or review. The agency is concernedabout consistency with other data distributedto the public by SHA. Participants discussed the prosand cons of delivering a single annual report coveringall of the topics, as opposed to, for example, quarterlyreports covering a percentage of the topic areas.
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