The Physiology of Flowering Plants - KHAM PHA MOI

INDEX 383hexokinase 41high-irradiance response (HIR) seephytochromehigh-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) 192, 192high-photosynthesis plants 28high-temperature stress see stress,high temperatureHIR (high-irradiance response)see phytochromehistones 208holly 83holm oak 357homeotic mutants 287–290homogeneous nucleation point, ice361homozygous plants 184, 297, 299, 312honesty 276hop 169Hordeum sativum (vulgare) see barleyhormones 106, 178, 180, 206, 207analytical methods 192–194, 194bioassays 192classes of 179commercial uses 181concentrations in plants 178–179,191, 310, 311–314conjugation 181definition 178interactions between 181, 184, 187,190, 210, 311–314, 313receptors 178, 187, 197–198synthetic 178transport 86, 139, 178see also under individual hormoneshorticulture 206, 270HSP see heat shock proteinsHumulus lupulus see hophy mutants see PHY genesHY5 protein 265hybrid 185F 1 299–301vigour (heterosis) 299, 303hydrationin germination 315membranes 350shells, of molecules 110, 116, 350,353hydraulic conductivity 67, 75Hydrilla verticillata 30Hydrodictyon 112hydrogen 101, 126bonds (H bonds) 79, 143, 353ions (H + ) 15, 107, 117, 154hydrolases 294, 315hydrolysis, seed reserves 39,315–316hydrolytic enzymes see hydrolaseshydrophilic proteins 353hydrophobic bonds 360hydrotropism 69, 320hydroxyl ions (OH ) 107–127Hyoscyamus niger 272, 273, 275hyperaccumulation of elements 130hypocotyl 181, 188, 217, 217, 324, 334hypophysis 301hypoxia 50, 52, 88IAA (indole-3-acetic acid) 179, 180,181, 181, 194, 242see also auxinice formation 81, 356, 358, 361extracellular 358–359homogeneous nucleation point 361intracellular 358–359nucleation 361, 362ice plant 30imbibition 315Impatiens balsamina 168Impatiens hawkeri 168indole-3-acetic acid see IAAinflorescence development see floraldevelopmentinositol hexaphosphate 307insects 36, 106, 137integuments 294, 301internode 221elongation 249, 253invertase 304, 309ionaccumulation 108, 114–115, 119channels 22, 116, 117, 118, 199, 232concentrations, plants 112–114,114–115, 118, 119, 120exchange 107, 109transportapoplastic 110–112long-distance 85, 110–112across membranes 112–118, 115,117uptake 107–110, 109, 118–121by cells 108, 108–110by roots 107–108, 120, 120Ipomoea caerulea 233Ipomoea purpurea 293, 322iron 104, 126iron–sulphur proteins 103, 104ironwood 314irradiance 13, 16–18, 24, 234–235,247, 250, 336–337, 340units 16irrigation 354isozymesdefinition 41glycolysis 41, 51PPP and C 3 cycle 42ivy 223, 356, 357ivy-leaved toadflax 323jasmonate 202jasmonic acid 189, 190–191jojoba 305Juglans nigra see walnutjuvenility 223, 232, 233, 270, 277K see potassiumK þ see potassium ionkinases see protein kinaseskinetin 180, 184klinostat 331, 332Klopstockia cerifera 93Knightia excelsa 73KNOX1 gene 238Kranz anatomy 26, 26, 237Krebs cycle 43–46, 44, 49, 315Laburnum anagyroides 322lactate 51lactate dehydrogenase 51, 52lactic fermentation 51Lactuca sativa see lettuceLAI see leaf area indexLamiaceae 286Laminaria 155late embryogenesis abundantgenes see LEA genesproteins see LEA proteinslatentheat of evaporation 79time 331lateralbuds 188roots 70, 242, 242–243Laurus nobilis see bay laurelLDP (long-day plant) see floweringleaching of minerals 112, 128LEA genes 311, 353, 362, 367, 370LEA proteins 353, 366lead 130leaf 78abscission 138, 188area index (LAI) 34