The Physiology of Flowering Plants - KHAM PHA MOI

INDEX 385indeterminate 277, 282, 283secondary 206, 227, 228see also cambium; floral, leaf, root,shoot meristemsMesembryanthemum crystallinum see iceplantmesocotyl 180mesophyll 12, 26–28, 142–144, 143,144, 230palisade 12resistance 19spongy 12, 223mesophytes 349messenger RNA (mRNA) see RNAmetabolomics 202metalcontamination 130tolerance 1303-methyl-lumiflavin 337microfibrils see cellulosemicrofilaments 336micronutrients 101, 102, 130as enzyme activators 104–105microorganisms 11, 88, 104–105, 107,128, 168micropyle 294, 295, 301microspore 292embryo 292mother cell 292microtubules 209, 214, 292, 336middle lamella 103, 309millet 299Mimosa pudica see sensitive plantmineral deficiencies 31mineral ions 106Minuartia verna 130mistletoe 314mitochondria 24, 24, 43, 45, 49, 50,136, 299, 301, 315cristae 47, 47division 212, 315electron transport 45, 47, 47–48structure 47mitosis 168, 209, 276asymmetric 292see also cell divisionmitotic spindle 209mobilization of food reserves 313,315–316molybdenum 105, 122, 126, 128monocotyledons 30, 136, 186, 247,254, 302anatomy 223, 224, 227Monterey pine 276morning glory 293, 322morphogenesis 165, 205organ initiation 221, 225–226see also cellular differentiation;photomorphogenesisMorus see mulberrymRNA see RNAMucor stolonifer 168mulberry 296, 357Münch hypothesis see phloemmung bean 21, 47, 92mustard 166, 251mutagenesis 196–197, 263, 289mycorrhiza 121–122ectomycorrhiza 121endomycorrhiza 121vesicular–arbuscular (VA) 121Myrothamnus flabellifolia 348N see nitrogenNa + see sodium ionsNaCl see saltNAA see naphthaleneacetic acidNAD + (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)41, 43NADH 40, 46, 47, 48, 49, 51, 123NADP + (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotidephosphate) 14–16, 15,42, 55NADPH 16, 22, 32, 40, 43, 44, 45, 46,47, 49, 55naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) 180,181naphthylphthlamic acid (NPA) 329nastic responses 318–320growth movements 319turgor movements 318–319NEEDLY gene 285networksof interacting genes 225, 239of signal transduction chains 367New Guinea balsam 168nickel 105, 130Nicotiana tabacum see tobacconif genes (nitrogen fixation) 126Nitella 112nitrate 107, 113, 128, 129, 242–243assimilation 16, 105, 122–123, 137fertilizer 129reductase 105, 122–123uptake 116, 119nitrite 122reductase 122–123Nitrobacter 128nitrogen 31, 102, 122, 242assimilation 122–123cycle 127, 127–128fixation 105, 123–127, 129nitrogenase 126, 127Nitrosomonas 128NMR see nuclear magnetic resonancenod genes (nodulation) 126nodes 221, 322nodule, root 123–126, 124, 125Norway maple 166NPA see naphthylphthlamic acidNPH gene 337, 341nph 341see also phot mutantsNPH protein see PHOT proteinsNPL1 gene 338nucellus 293nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)139, 150nuclear volume 207, 207nucleus 208, 265, 335polar 294sperm 292, 295vegetative 295Nuphar luteum 51nutation 175, 322nutritionhuman 100, 303, 305, 307plant 11, 128–129O 2 see oxygenoak 72, 122, 169, 296, 314oat 20, 36, 128, 215, 216, 332,336, 337oil see lipidoil body (oleosome) 45, 305oilseed rape 300, 300, 304, 304, 305,306Olea europaea see oliveolive 306Olneya see ironwoodonion 103optical tweezers 334, 334optimum temperaturegrowth 166photosynthesis 28, 31, 362vernalization 275Orchidaceae 29, 286orchids 30, 121, 294, 303organformation 225–226initiation 221orientation 321