4.12 Test Excavation 167 (T-167) - Honolulu Rail Transit Project

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Cultural Surveys Hawai‘i Job Code: KALIHI 23Kewalo Geographic Zone4.13 Test Excavation 168 (T-168)Ahupua‘a:LCA : 387HonoluluTMK #: 2-3-002:059Elevation Above Sea Level:UTM:Max Length/Width/Depth:Orientation:Targeted Project Component:USDA Soil Designation:2.1 m618823 mE, 2355399 mN6.8 m / 0.75 m / 2.15 mbs143 / 323° TNStation BuildingFill land (FL)Setting: Test Excavation 168 (T-168) was located approximately 79.0 m southeast of WardAvenue and Ilaniwai Street intersection, and was located within a parking lot. T-168 was locatedon private property owned by Victoria Ward Ltd. No utilities were noted in the general vicinity.The excavation surface was level with the surrounding land surface.Summary of Background Research and Land Use: Land Court Application 670 map 1indicates that T-168 was originally situated on a large parcel of land awarded to the AmericanBoard of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM) as part of LCA 387. The LCAtestimonies indicated taro cultivation, fishpond farming, and salt production in the region. The1884 Bishop map of Honolulu to Kewalo indicates that T-168 was located within marsh landcalled Kukuluaeo, 24.0 m northeast of LCA 10463:1, awarded to Napela. An unimproved orplanned roadway is also depicted, extending northeast (mauka) to southwest (makai) within 33.0m of T-168. The roadway is also depicted on the 1887 Wall map of Honolulu along with threestructures in the vicinity of T-168. The structures were located approximately 97.0 m northwest,51.0 m southwest, and 180.0 m southwest of T-168. The 1897 Monsarrat map of Honoluludepicts infrastructure development immediately north of T-168 including a near-modern streetgrid with the closest intersection being Queen Street and Cummins Street 135.0 m southeast andthe Cyclomere bicycle track 300.0 m north. Expanded urbanization in the vicinity of T-168 isdepicted throughout the series of twentieth century topographic maps and Sanborn fire insurancemaps.Few archaeological studies were conducted in the immediate vicinity of T-168. In 2000, CSHconducted archaeological monitoring for Ward Village Phase II (Ward Theaters), approximately175.0 m southeast of T-168. A buried A-horizon and naturally-deposited pond sediments weredocumented in portions of the project area but, no cultural resources were assigned (Winieskiand Hammatt 2001). In 2005, CSH conducted an archaeological inventory survey for the MoanaVista Project on Kapi‘olani Boulevard, located approximately 300.0 m east of T-168. No culturalresources were encountered (O’Leary and Hammatt 2006).Documentation Limiatations: T-168 was excavated to a depth of 2.15 mbs and beneath thewater table at 2.10 mbs. There were no factors that limited the documentation of T-168.HHCTCP City Center (Section 4) AIS Report, Vol. IV C 772TMK: [1] 1-2, 1-5, 1-7, 2-1, 2-3 (Various Plats and Parcels)
Cultural Surveys Hawai‘i Job Code: KALIHI 23Kewalo Geographic ZoneStratigraphic Summary: The stratigraphy of T-168 consisted of fill strata overlying naturalsediment to the base of excavation. Observed strata included asphalt (Ia), very gravelly coarseclayey sand (Ib), gravelly sandy loam (Ic), very gravelly sandy loam (Id), sandy clay (Ie),gravelly medium sand (If), extremely gravelly sand (Ig), fine sand (Ih), silty clay (Ii), naturalloamy sand (II), and coarse sand (III and IV). The stratigraphy generally conformed to USDAsoil survey designation of Fill land (FL).Artifacts Discussion: See below.Features Discussion: No features were observed.Terrestrial Faunal Remains Collected During Excavation: No terrestrial faunal remains werecollected individually during excavation.Sample Results: A total of two bulk sediment samples were collected from Stratum II includingone sample between 1.45-1.53 mbs and one between 1.45-1.60 mbs. The samples were collectedfrom the excavation floor and are not depicted in the stratigraphic profile map. Both of the bulksediment samples were wet-screened.The sample from Stratum II between1.45-1.53 mbs contained charcoal (23.1 g), a kukui nut shellfragment (0.4 g), letal fragments (16.8 g), a small blue glass bead (0.1 g), a glass fragment (0.1g), an unidentified medium mammal bone (1.6 g), an unidentified fish bone (0.3 g), and possiblemarine shell midden. The possible marine shell mideen included Echinodermata mathaeisp./diadema sp. (3.0 g), Neritidae (2.4 g), Turbinidae Turbo sandwicensis (1.3 g), NeritidaeNerita picea (1.2 g), unidentified burned shell (1.0g ), Tellinidae Tellina palatam (0.4 g), andcrustacean (0.7 g).The sample from Stratum II between 1.45-1.60 mbs contained charcoal (6.8 g), a burned kukuinut shell (0.2 g), a rusted metal nail (2.3 g), an unidentified fish bone (0.1 g), an unidentifiedmedium mammal bone fragment (0.1 g), and possible marine shell midden. The possible marineshell midden included Neritidae Nerita picea (1.2 g), Isognomidae Isognomon sp. (0.1 g),Strombidae Strombus sp. (0.3 g), and crustacean (0.1 g).The analysis of bulk sediment samples collected from Stratum II indicated the presence oftraditional food refuse comprised of possible marine shell midden and fish bone. The sedimentanalysis also documented the presence of historic cultura material within Stratum II indicatingpossible historic modification of the buried A-horizon.GPR Discussion: A review of amplitude slice maps indicated no linear features although autility was encountered during excavation. Reflectivity was relatively uniform throughout thegrid and decreases with depth. A transition from higher reflectivity to lower reflectivity wasobserved at approximately 0.5 mbs.GPR depth profiles for T-168 identified horizontal banding, commonly associated withstratigraphic layering, throughout the survey area. This banding corresponded to variations ofdensity and chemical composition within fill deposits. The profile also indicated a change inreflectivity occurring around 0.3 mbs. No utilities were observed in the profile however a metalpipe was encountered 1.49 mbs which was below the depth of clean signal return. The maximumdepth of clean signal return was approximately 1.0 mbs.HHCTCP City Center (Section 4) AIS Report, Vol. IV C 773TMK: [1] 1-2, 1-5, 1-7, 2-1, 2-3 (Various Plats and Parcels)
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4.12 Test Excavation 167 (T-167) - Honolulu Rail Transit Project

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