Report on Decompression Illness, Diving Fatalities - Divers Alert ...

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Advanced Oxygen First Aid for Scuba Diving InjuriesThis new advanced-level program provides additional training for thoseindividuals who have successfully completed the DAN Oxygen First Aidfor Scuba Diving Injuries course within the past 12 months. It is designedto train DAN Oxygen Providers to use the MTV-100 or a Bag Valve Mask(BVM) while providing care for a non-breathing injured diver andactivating the local emergency medical services (EMS) and / or arrangingfor evacuation to the nearest available medical facility. This is not a standaloneprogram. It is intended to train current DAN Oxygen Providers toprovide oxygen using advanced-level skills.Basic Life Support for Dive Professionals (BLSPRO)The remote nature of dive accidents, whether a few hours from shore ordays from civilization, frequently requires more advanced levels of carethan are offered by traditional or entry-level CPR programs. DANInstructors and Instructor Trainers will now be able to offer a healthcareprovider-level basic life support program for their student and divers.Basic Life Support for Dive Professionals (BLSPRO) is ideal for diveprofessionals and divers interested in understanding professional-levelresuscitation techniques. This program is designed to be applicable to thediving market, including scenes and scenarios from dive situations, aswell as the non-diving/healthcare market.DAN Instructorsand InstructorTrainers will nowbe able to offer acomplete divingemergency program.Coupled with DAN’s existing Training Programs and the new AdvancedOxygen First Aid program, DAN Instructors and Instructor Trainers willnow be able to offer a complete diving emergency program.DAN Online — www.DiversAlertNetwork.orgDAN’s website on the World Wide Web provides a wealth of informationon scuba health and safety issues, as well as demonstrating the many benefitsof DAN membership. This includes answers to frequently asked divemedical questions, oxygen course listings and the location of a DANBusiness Member near you. Members can order DAN products and renewonline. Shortly, newcomers to DAN will be able to sign up online as well.DAN’s Research Department uses the website to communicate informationon DAN Research, particularly Project Dive Exploration and FlyingAfter Diving studies. Interested participants can, at no cost, downloadsoftware for collecting information about dive profiles and diving injuries.DAN America Membership ServicesIn addition to supporting diving’s only 24-Hour Diving EmergencyHotline, DAN members receive a number of valuable benefits, includingemergency travel assistance, a subscription to award-winning Alert Divermagazine, DAN’s Dive and Travel Medical Guide and dive and travel discounts.DAN’s <strong>Report</strong> on Decompression Illness, Diving Fatalities and Project Dive Exploration: 2003 Edition 15
DAN members are also eligible for dive accident insurance, DAN TermLife Insurance and the exclusive DAN Tag, diving’s medical emergencyID, and the DAN Dog Tag, modeled after the popular military dog tag.As of January 2003, more than 214,000 members support DAN in theUnited States, the Caribbean, Canada and Mexico, as well as members ofInternational DAN affiliates. DAN America members receive the followingdive and travel benefits.DAN TravelAssistprovides upto $100,000emergency medicalevacuationassistance for anyinjury or illnessincurred at least 50miles from home.DAN TravelAssistOne of the automatic benefits of membership with Divers Alert Networkis DAN TravelAssist. This service provides up to $100,000 emergency medicalevacuation assistance for any injury or illness — dive-related or not —incurred at least 50 miles from home by a DAN member or a DAN familymember.Alert Diver MagazineDAN members receive a subscription to award-winning Alert Diver magazine,the only publication dedicated to diving safety and health. AlertDiver is published bimonthly.DAN Dive and Travel Medical GuideNew DAN members receive a copy of the DAN Dive and Travel MedicalGuide, a valuable reference on treating common diving and travel injuriesand illnesses. The guide is also available through the DAN website or bycalling DAN Membership Services.DAN Dive Accident InsuranceDAN members are eligible for three different levels in dive accident coverage— the Preferred, Master and Standard Plans — in addition to DANmembership. DAN’s Preferred Plan, in combination with membershipbenefits, provides unparalleled protection for divers and travelers.DAN pioneered dive accident insurance in 1987, and in 1992 DANlaunched medical evacuation assistance benefits. These moves gave DANmembers valuable additional benefits by helping fill a medical and financialneed not being met by any other organization at the time. Before theseDAN programs were launched, injured divers could be saddled with largemedical bills, because most health insurance would not cover some or allof the recompression and evacuation charges associated with a diveinjury. Although this issue still exists for some divers, DAN strives to helpbridge this gap through education.16DAN’s <strong>Report</strong> on Decompression Illness, Diving Fatalities and Project Dive Exploration: 2003 Edition
Page 1 and 2: Report onDecompres
Page 3 and 4: Dedicated toDr. Peter B. BennettThe
Page 5 and 6: AcknowledgmentsData for the 2002 <s
Page 7 and 8: International DAN OfficesDAN Americ
Page 9 and 10: When divers have questions about th
Page 11 and 12: Flying After Diving (FAD) StudyIn 1
Page 13 and 14: In 2002, DAN trained six interns fr
Page 15: DAN Training ProgramsOxygen First A
Page 19 and 20: DAN Diver Identification System (DI
Page 21 and 22: Instructors who don’t have access
Page 23 and 24: Of 522 reports submitted in 2001, 5
Page 25 and 26: 2. Dive Injuries2.1 Injury Data Des
Page 27 and 28: Arterial Gas Embolism (AGE)• Symp
Page 29 and 30: The pre-existing medical problems o
Page 31 and 32: Figure 7 shows the number of self-r
Page 33 and 34: As shown on Figure 11, most diving
Page 35 and 36: As in previous years, the largest p
Page 37 and 38: Figure 19 shows number of days divi
Page 39 and 40: Figure 23 shows the maximum depth o
Page 41 and 42: 2.4 Signs and Symptoms in Injured D
Page 43 and 44: Figure 29 shows symptoms reported b
Page 45 and 46: Fig 32Distribution ofcases by PSI.E
Page 47 and 48: Figure 35 shows the administration
Page 49 and 50: Figure 37 shows the type of recompr
Page 51 and 52: 2.6 Therapeutic OutcomeFigure 40 sh
Page 53 and 54: Figure 43 shows that AGE was more l
Page 55 and 56: 3. Dive FatalitiesDAN is not the pr
Page 57 and 58: Figure 49 shows the gender and cert
Page 59 and 60: Figure 53 shows the time of day at
Page 61 and 62: Figure 57 shows the distribution of
Page 63 and 64: Figure 61 shows the limited informa
Page 65 and 66: 4. Project DiveExplorationPDE is an
Page 67 and 68:
Fig 65Cumulativenumber of PDEdives
Page 69 and 70:
Table 10Number ofseries per diver.T
Page 71 and 72:
Figure 69 illustrates the certifica
Page 73 and 74:
4.4 DivesMost PDE data (97 percent)
Page 75 and 76:
4.5 Dive SeriesPDE recorded 1,960 d
Page 77 and 78:
The maximum depth of the dive serie
Page 79 and 80:
The workload reported by divers in
Page 81 and 82:
The pre-flight surface interval (PF
Page 83 and 84:
Fig 88Percentageof dives bycertific
Page 85 and 86:
Figure 90 shows the month in which
Page 87 and 88:
All PDE divers were asked to report
Page 89 and 90:
The incidence of DCS was different
Page 91 and 92:
Figure 94 shows the proportion of m
Page 93 and 94:
Fig 98Comparison ofdive purpose byp
Page 95 and 96:
Figures 102 and 103 show how the po
Page 97 and 98:
6. Mixed-Gas DivingThis section off
Page 99 and 100:
Figure 110 shows that injured diver
Page 101 and 102:
GlossaryAGE — Arterial Gas Emboli
Page 103 and 104:
Appendix A: Injury Case Rep
Page 105 and 106:
During the second day of diving, th
Page 107 and 108:
Case 6. Delayed Onset of Mild Neuro
Page 109 and 110:
Case 9. One Diver Treated Twice in
Page 111 and 112:
Appendix B: Fatality Case R
Page 113 and 114:
Proximate Cause: Drowning / AirEmbo
Page 115 and 116:
Proximate Cause: Cardiac01-05 Divin
Page 117 and 118:
the water with the instructor and a
Page 119 and 120:
01-22 Public safety diver who was o
Page 121 and 122:
dock. Fifteen minutes into the dive
Page 123 and 124:
end of the dive, but seemed to be d
Page 125 and 126:
01-67 Inexperienced diver, diving s
Page 127 and 128:
01-61 Novice diver lost control of
Page 129 and 130:
entry into a freshwater lake for a
Page 131 and 132:
2002 PublicationsBennett PB, Rostai
Page 133 and 134:
Notes132DAN’s Report</str
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