Report on Decompression Illness, Diving Fatalities - Divers Alert ...

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- DIVER EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS — The dive operationensures divers’ preparedness by conducting:• Pre-dive activities that include dive briefings to review responsiblediver activities and to remind divers of the safety stop; and• Post-dive activities that include the DAN Diver Identification System(DIDS) and dive debriefing.All DAN PDS new applications and renewals are required to use the DIDSDAN Tag for post-dive roll call of divers. This system may be used inaddition to the current required post dive activity, or at minimum it mustbe the system that is used. To facilitate implementation of the DIDS system,DAN will provide — at no cost to the operator — one board for eachdive boat in the operation.- EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT PREPAREDNESS — A dive boat reflectsa safety consciousness by having the following on board:• First Aid Kit (appropriate for the location).• Emergency Oxygen Unit capable of providing:- high concentrations of oxygen (100 percent is ideal)- oxygen for breathing and non-breathing injured divers- enough oxygen for simultaneous use by many divers.- EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE PLAN — All operations must have afunctional emergency plan that links to local emergency medical services(ambulance services, rescue squads, etc.). A complete emergencyassistance plan should be prominently displayed and should include:• Initial contact information• Emergency medical assistance contacts• Emergency first aid procedures• Diving medical consultation information• Recompression chamber informationWith the DANStudent MembershipProgram you provideyour students withessential diveinsurance that allopen-water studentsshould haveFor more details about the Partners in Dive Safety program, call DANIndustry Membership at 1-877-532-6776 or +1-919-684-2948 ext. 619.DAN Student Membership ProgramInstructors now have two choices when enrolling their open-water studentsin the DAN Student Membership Program. New rosters are availableon the DAN website at www.DiversAlertNetwork.org — downloadthe new roster and print it whenever you need it, or use the new onlineroster and email the student information directly to DAN. Either way, youprovide your students with essential dive insurance that all open-waterstudents should have.When you enroll your students, be sure to give your students theirInsurance Record and DAN membership application. Include your DANnumber on the roster so you can earn valuable DAN points. Students willbe enrolled when DAN receives the roster.DAN’s <strong>Report</strong> on Decompression Illness, Diving Fatalities and Project Dive Exploration: 2003 Edition 19
Instructors who don’t have access to a computer can call the DANBusiness Membership team at 1-877-532-6776 and request a free StudentMembership Kit (product code 821-0300).For every student who signs up as a regular DAN member within sixmonths of enrolling as a DAN Student Member, instructors or dive retailersreceive a point they can use to purchase DAN safety products.To order materials or learn more about the DAN Student Membershipprogram, call 1-877-5DAN PRO (1-877-532-2776) or see the “Training &Education” section at the DAN website, www.DiversAlertNetwork.org.Use product code 821-0300 when ordering materials.Donors to DANmake a huge impacton all facetsof the DAN missionof dive safety.International DANInternational DAN (IDAN) is comprised of five independent DAN organizationsbased around the world to provide expert emergency medicaland referral services to regional diving communities. International DANoffices include: DAN America, DAN Europe, DAN South East Asia-Pacific, DAN Southern Africa and DAN Japan. The future goals of IDANinclude standardization of services and member benefits, greater cooperationin areas of research, education and sharing of dive injury data.To help reach the increasing diving community in Latin America, DANprovides promotional, membership and training material in Spanish andPortuguese. Also, in 2001, DAN created a dedicated Spanish / Portugueselanguage emergency hotline (+1-267-520-1507) and a network of chambersand dive physicians to serve all of Central and South America.In April 2002 DAN Israel, a new DAN Europe affiliate, began operation.The affiliate has its own local emergency hotline.For more information on IDAN, call 1-800-446-2671 or +1-919-684-2948ext. 615 or 616.DAN DevelopmentDonors to DAN make a huge impact on all facets of the DAN mission ofdive safety. At DAN, we offer many giving opportunities that appeal todivers, dive enthusiasts and non-divers who are simply interested in thesport. Unrestricted gifts provide resources that support a variety of initiatives,which are directly related to dive safety. Of course, you may designateyour gift for a specific program or initiative.Financial support from DAN Donors — whether an annual gift, anendowment gift, or a planned gift — is essential to our maintaining thequality of the research, education and service we strive to provide for thebenefit of divers.If you would like more information or assistance, please contact us at 1-800-446-2671 or +1-919-684-2948 ext. 446. We can help you meet your philanthropicgoals, while ensuring that divers continue to receive the bestDAN can offer.20DAN’s <strong>Report</strong> on Decompression Illness, Diving Fatalities and Project Dive Exploration: 2003 Edition
Page 1 and 2: Report onDecompres
Page 3 and 4: Dedicated toDr. Peter B. BennettThe
Page 5 and 6: AcknowledgmentsData for the 2002 <s
Page 7 and 8: International DAN OfficesDAN Americ
Page 9 and 10: When divers have questions about th
Page 11 and 12: Flying After Diving (FAD) StudyIn 1
Page 13 and 14: In 2002, DAN trained six interns fr
Page 15 and 16: DAN Training ProgramsOxygen First A
Page 17 and 18: DAN members are also eligible for d
Page 19: DAN Diver Identification System (DI
Page 23 and 24: Of 522 reports submitted in 2001, 5
Page 25 and 26: 2. Dive Injuries2.1 Injury Data Des
Page 27 and 28: Arterial Gas Embolism (AGE)• Symp
Page 29 and 30: The pre-existing medical problems o
Page 31 and 32: Figure 7 shows the number of self-r
Page 33 and 34: As shown on Figure 11, most diving
Page 35 and 36: As in previous years, the largest p
Page 37 and 38: Figure 19 shows number of days divi
Page 39 and 40: Figure 23 shows the maximum depth o
Page 41 and 42: 2.4 Signs and Symptoms in Injured D
Page 43 and 44: Figure 29 shows symptoms reported b
Page 45 and 46: Fig 32Distribution ofcases by PSI.E
Page 47 and 48: Figure 35 shows the administration
Page 49 and 50: Figure 37 shows the type of recompr
Page 51 and 52: 2.6 Therapeutic OutcomeFigure 40 sh
Page 53 and 54: Figure 43 shows that AGE was more l
Page 55 and 56: 3. Dive FatalitiesDAN is not the pr
Page 57 and 58: Figure 49 shows the gender and cert
Page 59 and 60: Figure 53 shows the time of day at
Page 61 and 62: Figure 57 shows the distribution of
Page 63 and 64: Figure 61 shows the limited informa
Page 65 and 66: 4. Project DiveExplorationPDE is an
Page 67 and 68: Fig 65Cumulativenumber of PDEdives
Page 69 and 70: Table 10Number ofseries per diver.T
Page 71 and 72:
Figure 69 illustrates the certifica
Page 73 and 74:
4.4 DivesMost PDE data (97 percent)
Page 75 and 76:
4.5 Dive SeriesPDE recorded 1,960 d
Page 77 and 78:
The maximum depth of the dive serie
Page 79 and 80:
The workload reported by divers in
Page 81 and 82:
The pre-flight surface interval (PF
Page 83 and 84:
Fig 88Percentageof dives bycertific
Page 85 and 86:
Figure 90 shows the month in which
Page 87 and 88:
All PDE divers were asked to report
Page 89 and 90:
The incidence of DCS was different
Page 91 and 92:
Figure 94 shows the proportion of m
Page 93 and 94:
Fig 98Comparison ofdive purpose byp
Page 95 and 96:
Figures 102 and 103 show how the po
Page 97 and 98:
6. Mixed-Gas DivingThis section off
Page 99 and 100:
Figure 110 shows that injured diver
Page 101 and 102:
GlossaryAGE — Arterial Gas Emboli
Page 103 and 104:
Appendix A: Injury Case Rep
Page 105 and 106:
During the second day of diving, th
Page 107 and 108:
Case 6. Delayed Onset of Mild Neuro
Page 109 and 110:
Case 9. One Diver Treated Twice in
Page 111 and 112:
Appendix B: Fatality Case R
Page 113 and 114:
Proximate Cause: Drowning / AirEmbo
Page 115 and 116:
Proximate Cause: Cardiac01-05 Divin
Page 117 and 118:
the water with the instructor and a
Page 119 and 120:
01-22 Public safety diver who was o
Page 121 and 122:
dock. Fifteen minutes into the dive
Page 123 and 124:
end of the dive, but seemed to be d
Page 125 and 126:
01-67 Inexperienced diver, diving s
Page 127 and 128:
01-61 Novice diver lost control of
Page 129 and 130:
entry into a freshwater lake for a
Page 131 and 132:
2002 PublicationsBennett PB, Rostai
Page 133 and 134:
Notes132DAN’s Report</str
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