Lighting Design + Application • October 2003 - Illuminating ...

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• applications & solutionsPHOTOS: JENS PETERSENThe Project: The Ruggles Hall, Newberry Library, Chicago ILThe Challenge: Recreating fixture design that dates back to the 1890sThe Solution: New state-of-the-art chandeliers and sconcesNothing Radical About ThisRedesignAt one time, people could look out the windows ofNewberry Library’s Ruggles Hall on to a park onceknown as Bughouse Square, where Chicago radicals andreformers would preach from their soapboxes to all whowould listen.Today, those in Ruggles may be more inclined to fixtheir gaze inward,at the newly remodeled lecture hall,illuminatedby three chandeliers and eight sconces that replicatethe design of the library’s original lobby fixture.Completed in 1893, the Newberry Library houses one ofthe largest collections of books and manuscripts in theU.S.relating to the civilizations of Western Europe and theAmericas. In addition to its research facilities, it sponsorsa wide range of concerts, seminars, lectures and educationalprograms. Two large columns have been removedallowing for improved sight lines and congregation to thecenter of the room.Wood paneling, floor to ceiling glasspaneleddoors, hardwood floors and custom-designed ceilings with cove lighting add warmth and improved acoustics.The original, ornate lobby fixture has had an interesting past. In the 19th century, it could be seen from the street, providing a showcasefor the library’s new electricity. Sometime later, a gaudy, globe-like fixture replaced it, according to Karen Skubish, Newberry directorof events, tours and volunteer programs. Then, during a 1960s’ renovation, the globe-like fixture was replaced by a replica of theoriginal chandelier constructed by Chicago lighting company New Metal Crafts (NMC).In November 2000, time had come to update the hall’s lighting. NMC was approached by Harry Wesse & Associates to completethis task. NMC was provided with architectural renderings of the hall and they remained focused on maintaining the original style anddesign while integrating new technologies into the new fixtures.The design department of NMC followed up with extensive studies of the lobby fixture itself, as well as old drawings located in thearchives. From these studies designers wereable to develop new sconces and chandeliersthat would be near-exact replicas of the existingfixture.The solid brass fixture with its gentlecurving arms has carbon filament warmyellow bulbs, a design typical of the turn ofthe last century.The designers challenge wasmaking each of the curved arms identical inshape and size and aligning each perfectly.Asthe replicated fixtures would have to be manufacturedwith different methods and techniquesthan the original ones, UL requirementsand 21st century materials had to beconsidered. Architects also solved energymanagement concerns with recessed andcove lighting luminaires, which provided therequired levels necessary for energy effectivelamping.These luminaires also had the advantageof pre-programmed lighting controls,something that did not exist at the time thebuilding was conceived or during previousrenovations.–John-Michael KobesPHOTO: TRICIA KONING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . LD+A . . . 32 . . . www.iesna.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
applications & solutions •Lighting Ruled Constitutional At Philadelphia MuseumAn easily adaptable, unobtrusive lighting system has enabled designers to illuminate a range of exhibits at the National ConstitutionCenter in Philadelphia – the first ever museum dedicated to the U.S. Constitution. Situated in the Philadelphia Independence NationalHistorical Park—America’s most historic square mile—the museum opened onJuly 4, 2003, 213 years to the day since the signing of the U.S. Constitution.As anindependent, non-profit organization, the aim of the center is to increase awarenessabout the Constitution and its relevance in Americans’ daily lives.Covering 160,000 sq ft,the museum was designed by architects Pei Cobb Freedand Partners and includes 67,785 sq ft of exhibit space. Exhibit planners RalphAppelbaum Associates decided to use interactive elements, such as the KimmelTheater – a 350-seat, star-shaped theater that shows a multi-media productioncombining film, a live actor and video projection on a 360-degree screen. TheAmerican Experience Exhibit includes a variety of interactive and multi-media displayswhile more traditional aspects of museum life still exist in areas such asSigners’ Hall, which contains 42 life size bronze statues of the 39 signatories tothe Constitution plus the three who dissented.With so many different aspects to the museum, lighting considerations were ofthe utmost importance. Lighting designers Fisher Marantz Stone were commissionedto design an innovative scheme and as with most museums, preservationand operating costs were major factors, as was the ability to be flexible with lightingdepending on the exhibits on display.“From the moment we started work onthe project, we were aware of just how flexible the lighting system needed to be,”said Charles Stone.“The museum incorporates a wide variety of displays, so weneeded to employ a system that would maximize all exhibits, while also makingsure it was integrated with the architecture.We also wanted to use fixtures,whichwere high in quality, yet small in size and incorporated orientation features.” Assuch, a series of low voltage fixtures, wall washes and spotlights from LightingServices Inc. were used in the installation to provide optimum lighting conditionsunder that to display the various exhibits.Products specified included low voltage spotlights including the 260, 236 and216 series miniaturized spotlight,as well as the M2901 series metal halide,238 linevoltage fixture and 239 series wall wash, plus various beam softeners and spreadlenses.Barry Citrin,associate principal in charge of the project,said a lot of thought went into choosing the fixtures for themuseum. “The brief we were working to was often vague,since at the time it wasn’t known exactly where each exhibitwould be placed. And while some of the displays are permanent,others are likely to change throughout the year, so thelighting had to be capable of changing with the displays.Because all the fixtures simply click into the lighting track, it isvery easy to relocate them anywhere in the building as necessary.”Appropriate for museum applications, the relatively new239 Series Wall Wash is designed specifically to light verticalsurfaces evenly from top to bottom, while also taking energyconservation into account by utilizing PAR38 lamps up to 250watts.“When exhibits aren’t permanent and when their positionwithin a museum isn’t confirmed, it’s sometimes challengingto devise a lighting scheme which will complement boththe displays and the building which houses them,” said Citrin.“These products make our job somewhat easier since eachfixture offers the option of attaching various accessories, fromlenses which shape the beam of the light, to the option ofattaching UV filters to protect the exhibits from harmful ultravioletrays.”—John-Michael KobesThe Project: The National Constitution Center, Philadelphia, PAThe Challenge: Flexible lighting system that works well with exhibitsand displays of all sizes.The Solution: Low voltage spotlights, metal halides, line voltage fixturesand wall washers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.iesna.org . . . . . . . . 33. . LD+A . . . November . . . . . 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Lighting Design + Application • October 2003 - Illuminating ...

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