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60 A.A. Gorbushina and W.E. Krumbein Table 1. The main rock forming minerals Igneous/magmatic rocks Sedimentary rocks Metamorphic rocks Quartz Quartz Quartz Orthoclase Clay minerals Biotite Plagioclase Iron oxide (rust) Muscovite Biotite Orthoclase Amphibole Muscovite Biotite Garnet Amphibole Muscovite Talc Pyroxene Calcite Chlorite Olivine Dolomite Staurolite Halite Orthoclase Gypsum Plagioclase The sequence of minerals reflects the abundance in the individual rock class Table 2. Kind and composition of rock forming minerals Type Mineral Composition Silicates Quartz Quartz SiO2 Feldspars Orthoclase (K, Na) AlSi3O8 Anorthite CaAl2Si2O8 Albite (Na, K) AlSi3O8 Feldspatoids Nepheline NaAlSiO4 Leucite KAlSi2O6 Micas Muscovite KAl2(OH)2AlSi3O10 Biotite K(Mg, Fe)3(OH)2AlSi3O10 Amphiboles Amphibole (Ca, Na)2(Mg, Fe, Al)5(OHSi4O11) Pyroxenes Orthopyroxene (Mg, Fe)2Si2O6 Clinopyroxene Ca(Mg,Fe)Si2O6–Na(Al,Fe)Si2O6 Olivines Forsterite Mg2SiO4 Fayalite Fe2SiO4 Clays Kaolinite Al4[(OH)8SiO4O10] Montmorillonite Al2O3 × 4SiO2 × H2O + nH2O Illite (K,H3O)(Al,Mg,Fe)2(Si,Al)4O10[(OH)2(H2O)] Carbonates Calcite CaCO3 Aragonite CaCO3 Dolomite (Ca, Mg) CO3 Sulphates Gypsum CaSO4 × 2H2O Anhydrite CaSO4 Sulphides Pyrite/Marcasite FeS2 Troilite FeS Galenite PbS Oxides Goethite FeOOH Hematite Fe2O3 Phosphates Apatite Ca5[(F,Cl,OH)/(PO4)3]
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Soil Biology Series Editor: Ajit Va
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Professor Dr. Ajit Varma Jawaharlal
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VI Preface Intheframeworkofagricult
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Contents Part I Introduction 1 What
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Contents XI 2.1 Plant Compounds....
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Contents XIII 3.3 Influence on Phos
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Contents XV 5 Conclusions .........
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Contents XVII 9 Detection of In Sit
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XX Contributors Cappellazzo, G. Ist
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XXII Contributors Merbach, W. Marti
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Part I Introduction
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4 F. Buscot - As the soil genesis a
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6 F. Buscot size fractions, the san
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8 F. Buscot 2.4 Migration Processes
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10 F. Buscot 3.2 Nitrogen and Phosp
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12 F. Buscot life in the soil, whic
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14 F. Buscot the indigenous soil bi
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16 F. Buscot to understand the comp
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2 Microbial Diversity in Soils Bhoo
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Microbial Diversity in Soils 21 Ear
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Microbial Diversity in Soils 23 PRO
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Microbial Diversity in Soils 25 Tab
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Microbial Diversity in Soils 27 Dip
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Microbial Diversity in Soils 29 soi
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Microbial Diversity in Soils 31 the
Page 102: Microbial Diversity in Soils 33 man
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Page 110: Microbial Diversity in Soils 37 Bul
Page 114: Microbial Diversity in Soils 39 cyc
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Page 126: Microbial Diversity in Soils 45 Asp
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Page 146: Microbial Diversity in Soils 55 Var
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86 G. Guggenberger matter cycling i
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88 G. Guggenberger in particular un
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90 G. Guggenberger tidoglycans, pro
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92 G. Guggenberger sition and humif
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94 G. Guggenberger Fig. 4. Decompos
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96 G. Guggenberger the extraction p
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98 G. Guggenberger Fig. 5. Solid st
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100 G. Guggenberger Fig. 7.Schemati
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102 G. Guggenberger chemical breakd
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104 G. Guggenberger References Acha
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106 G. Guggenberger Largeau C, Dere
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108 J.-L. Chotte - Soil organic mat
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110 J.-L. Chotte for colonizing the
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112 J.-L. Chotte coprotein having N
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114 J.-L. Chotte effect varies depe
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116 J.-L. Chotte Beare MH, Reddy MV
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118 J.-L. Chotte Kouakoua E, Sala G
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Part III Microorganisms and Biogeoc
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124 O. Dilly highly oxidised or hig
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126 O. Dilly Table 2. Free energy o
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128 O. Dilly Specific rate of popul
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130 O. Dilly Under aerobic conditio
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132 O. Dilly Fig. 5. Anabolic effic
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134 O. Dilly extensive root densiti
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136 O. Dilly 6 Conclusions Microbia
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138 O. Dilly Swift MJ, Woomer P (19
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140 Ellen Kandeler, Michael Stemmer
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8 Contribution of Bacteria to Initi
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Contribution of Bacteria to Initial
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9 Influence of Microorganisms on Ph
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Influence of Microorganisms on Phos
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10 1 Introduction Interactions Betw
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Interactions Between Mycorrhizal Fu
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11 Mycorrhizosphere: Strategies and
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Mycorrhizosphere: Strategies and Fu
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12 1 Introduction Interactions Betw
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Interactions Between Microorganisms
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13 1 Introduction Transgenic Rhizos
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Transgenic Rhizospheres of Crop Pla
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14 1 Introduction Regulation of Mic
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Regulation of Microbial Activities
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308 B. Büdel lichens, bryophytes)
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310 B. Büdel Fig. 2. Scheme of a M
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312 B. Büdel Table 1. Genera of cy
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314 B. Büdel that this species for
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316 B. Büdel Table 3. Lichen gener
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318 B. Büdel 1. Physical crusts; f
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320 B. Büdel cyanobacteria, algae,
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322 B. Büdel Hunt CD, Durrell LW (
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16 Microorganisms in Toxic Metal-Po
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Microorganisms in Toxic Metal-Pollu
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Part VI Techniques to Investigate S
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360 C.C. Tebbe Thehugegapbetweenvia
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362 C.C. Tebbe 3 Ribosomal RNA as a
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364 C.C. Tebbe to obtain PCR-amplif
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366 C.C. Tebbe Fig. 1. SSCP profile
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368 C.C. Tebbe Table 2. Examples of
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370 C.C. Tebbe 8 Recombinant Marker
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372 C.C. Tebbe can be intrinsic, li
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374 C.C. Tebbe and they detect comb
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376 C.C. Tebbe Amann R, Ludwig W (2
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378 C.C. Tebbe Fitts R, Diamond M,
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380 C.C. Tebbe Ogram A, Sayler GS,
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382 C.C. Tebbe Tourasse NJ, Gouy M
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384 E.A. Hobbie 2 Natural Abundance
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386 E.A. Hobbie 2.1.1 Carbon Isotop
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388 E.A. Hobbie surements are expen
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390 E.A. Hobbie Table 1. Isotopic f
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392 E.A. Hobbie 2.1.2 Nitrogen Isot
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394 E.A. Hobbie ectomycorrhizal fun
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396 E.A. Hobbie 1998; Henn and Chap
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398 E.A. Hobbie determined by using
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400 E.A. Hobbie Hayes JM (2002) Fra
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402 E.A. Hobbie Schmidt S, Stewart
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404 Subject Index Animal manure 149
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406 Subject Index Chaetomium 33 Cha
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408 Subject Index Endophytic microo
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410 Subject Index Green fluorescenc
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412 Subject Index Megaspora 316 Mel
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414 Subject Index Obligate anoxybio
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416 Subject Index Prasiococcus 313
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418 Subject Index Solorinaa 316 Sol
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