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312 B. Büdel<br />

Table 1. Genera of cyanobacteria in biological soil crusts. (According to Büdel 2001d, with<br />

additions from Patova and Sivkov 2001)<br />

Chroococcales Aphanocapsa Aphanothece<br />

Chroococcidiopsis Chroococcus Coccochloris<br />

Cyanothece Gloeocapsa Gloeothece<br />

Katagnymene Myxosarcina Pleurocapsa a<br />

Rhabdogloea Synechococcus Xenotholos<br />

Oscillatoriales Crinalium Heteroleibleinia<br />

Leptolyngbya Lyngbya Komvophoron<br />

Microcoleus a Oscillatoria a Phormidium<br />

Plectonema Porphyrosiphon Pseudanabaena<br />

Pseudophormidium Schizothrix Symploca<br />

Tychonema – –<br />

Nostocales Anabaena Calothrix a<br />

Cylindrospermum Microchaete Nodularia<br />

Nostoc a Rivularia Scytonema a<br />

Tolypothrix Trichormus –<br />

Stigonematales Chlorogloea Chlorogloeopsis<br />

Fischerella Hapalosiphon Mastigocladus<br />

Stigonema a – –<br />

a Directly involved in crust formation<br />

Fig. 4. Scheme of crust<br />

formation by hypolithic<br />

growth; cyanobacteriadominated<br />

crusts develop<br />

underneath<br />

translucent rocks of<br />

all sizes where enough<br />

light reaches them, thus<br />

stabilizing the soil; not<br />

drawn to scale

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