Guidelines for Best Practice and Quality Checking of Ortho Imagery

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Guidelines for Best Practice and Quality Checking of Ortho Imagery – Issue 3.0 Page 36Stereoscopic Model(or Stereomodel)Tie pointsToleranceWarpingWell-defined point( x − x)ni∑i= 1 n −12For small samples (n < 30) this is not the same as the rms error. If there is nosystematic error, standard deviation is equal to the RMSE for large samples.Three-dimensional model created by viewing or analysing the overlapping area oftwo images obtained from different positions.Points that appear on the overlap area of adjacent images. They are used fororientation and aerotriangulationor block processing. In general are notmeasured on the ground and only image coordinates are usedThe tolerance is the permissible degree of error in a geometrically correctedimage or mosaic as determined using a well distributed set of check points.Tolerance is specified with one value: the maximum allowable RMS error of allcheck pointsSynonym for Polynomial RectificationA well-defined point represents a feature for which the horizontal position isknown to a high degree of accuracy and position with respect to the geodeticdatum. For the purpose of accuracy testing, well-defined points must be easilyvisible or recoverable on the ground, on the independent source of higheraccuracy, and on the product itself.FGDC, 1998
European CommissionEUR 23638 EN– Joint Research Centre – Institute for the Protection and Security of the CitizenTitle: Guidelines for Best Practice and Quality Checking of Ortho ImageryAuthor(s): Dimitrios Kapnias, Pavel Milenov and Simon KayLuxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities2008 – 40 pp. – 21 x 29,7 cmEUR – Scientific and Technical Research series – ISSN 1018-5593ISBN 978-92-79-10969-0DOI 10.2788/36028AbstractFor almost 10 years JRC's “Guidelines for Best Practice and Quality Control of Ortho Imagery” has served as areference document for the production of orthoimagery not only for the purposes of CAP but also for manymedium-to-large scale photogrammetric applications. The aim is to provide the European Commission andthe remote sensing user community with a general framework of the best approaches for quality checking oforthorectified remotely sensed imagery, and the expected best practice, required to achieve good results.Since the last major revision (2003) the document was regularly updated in order to include state-of-the-arttechnologies. The major revision of the document was initiated last year in order to consolidate theinformation that was introduced to the document in the last five years. Following the internal discussion andthe outcomes of the meeting with an expert panel it was decided to adopt as possible a process-basedstructure instead of a more sensor-based used before and also to keep the document as much generic aspossible by focusing on the core aspects of the photogrammetric process. Additionally to any structuralchanges in the document new information was introduced mainly concerned with image resolution andradiometry, digital airborne sensors, data fusion, mosaicking and data compression.The Guidelines of best practice is used as the base for our work on the definition of technical specifications forthe orthoimagery. The scope is to establish a core set of measures to ensure sufficient image quality for thepurposes of CAP and particularly for the Land Parcel Identification System (PLIS), and also to define the set ofmetadata necessary for data documentation and overall job tracking.
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Guidelines for Best Practice and Quality Checking of Ortho Imagery

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