Safety Assessment Program Evaluator Student Manual

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CA Emergency Mgmt. Agency Safety Assessment Program Evaluator Manual April 2011present is not safe without proper cleanup and repairs. A RESTRICTED USE placard would beappropriate for this structure.2.5.3 Unsafe (Red)The following is an example of the UNSAFE (red) placard:The criteria for the use of this placard have not substantially changed from ATC-20. This placardindicates that one or more of these conditions are present:There is an extreme hazard and the building may collapseThere is imminent danger of collapse from an aftershockThere has been a significant decrease in lateral force and/or vertical load capacityThe building is unsafe and requires the permission of the authority having jurisdiction toenter.The last bullet covers some additional dangerous conditions, more specifically:There is a spill inside the building of an unknown potentially hazardous material, or aknow hazardous materialThere is the threat of a taller structure or landslide falling on the building, or of thebuilding collapsing down a hillside.The initial impression that the public had on seeing the UNSAFE placard in 1989 was that thebuilding had to be demolished. That is not the intent of the placard at all. Most buildings, even52
CA Emergency Mgmt. Agency Safety Assessment Program Evaluator Manual April 2011heavily damaged ones, can be repaired. When good engineering is at hand, the question ofwhether to repair a building or demolish it usually comes down to which is more cost-effective.As an example, of the 350 red-tagged buildings in San Francisco after the 1989 Loma Prietaearthquake, only 50 of these buildings had to be demolished. The rest were repaired.So as to clarify matters, ATC-20-2 added the phrase “This placard is not a demolition order.” Itis now clear that the UNSAFE placard means that there is an immediate risk associated withentry, use, or occupancy of the structure. Since the use of the placard indicates that the buildinghas been assessed for safety, it is required that there be a brief description of the hazard and/ordamage on the placard.The placard further requires written authorization from the jurisdiction for the owner or tenant toenter the building. That includes entry for possession retrieval when deemed appropriate by thejurisdiction. This arrangement also allows the building owner to arrange for professionals togain permission for entry so that abatement of the hazard by repair or demolition can beaccomplished.2.5.3.1 Examples of the Use of the UNSAFE (Red) PlacardsPhoto courtesy ATCFigure 2-25 – Palomar Inn, Santa Cruz, 1989 Loma Prieta EarthquakeThe Palomar Inn suffered shear cracking in its lower floors, which constitutes a significant lossof lateral force capacity. These cracks are the result of diagonal tension in the wall piers from thein/plane lateral forces the wall was subjected to. When a heavily damaged tall building loomsover its neighbors, the vicinity should be assessed for this collapse hazard. Please see thediscussion starting at section 2.5.3.2.53
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Safety Assessment Program Evaluator Student Manual

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