Analysis of Air Transportation Systems Fundamentals of Aircraft ...

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Reconcile Takeoff and Landing CasesSelect worst case scenario and use that as runway length requirement.RL takeoff = 1,950 m.RL land = 1,850 m.Takeoff dominates so use the RL takeoff as the design number.Virginia Tech - Air Transportation Systems Laboratory 102
Observe Some Trends from Takeoff Curves• If DTW increases the RL values increase non-linearly (explainusing the fundamental aircraft acceleration equation)• As field elevation increases (pressure altitude) the RL valuesincrease as well (temperature effect on air density)• As DTW and field elevation increase the optimum flap setting fortakeoff decreases- This is consistent with our knowledge of C d and C L . Hot and highairfield elevations require very low flap settings during takeoff toreduce the drag of the aircraft.• High airfield elevations (and large to moderate DTWs) could hit atire speed limit boundary. Aircraft tires are certified to this limitand thus an airline would never dare to depart beyond this physicalboundary.Virginia Tech - Air Transportation Systems Laboratory 103
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Introductory RemarksAir vehicles ar
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Aircraft Performance Basics(Interna
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Basic Relationships to Uderstand th
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Atmosphere with Constant Temperatur
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Atmosphere with Linear Temperature
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Atmosphere with Linear Temperature
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International Standard AtmosphereCh
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Important Aircraft Speed Terms to K
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Air Compressibility EffectsA mathem
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Example ComputationBoeing 737-300 (
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Sample Matlab Code Used (ISAM.m)Vir
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Plot of CAS vs. TAS (Subsonic Aircr
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Aircraft Runway Length PerformanceE
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Functional Forms of the ForcesThe f
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Notes on Various Parameters1) C L a
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Remarks About the Aircraft Accelera
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Flap Angle• Angle formed between
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Remarks• The mass of the aircraft
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• At large flap angles (> 25 degr
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A Word on Stalling and Lift-off Spe
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These considerations are necessary
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Integration of Acceleration Equatio
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Aircraft Speed During Takeoff RollN
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Takeoff Roll Distance vs. Aircraft
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General Procedure for Runway Length
Page 52 and 53: FAR Certification ProceduresFAR 25
Page 54 and 55: Landing Distance CaseThe landing di
Page 56 and 57: Engine-Out Takeoff CaseDictated by
Page 58 and 59: Runway Length Procedures (AC 150/53
Page 60 and 61: Contents of Advisory Circular 150/5
Page 62 and 63: Groupings Method AC 150/5325-4 (Fig
Page 64 and 65: Sample Calculations (FAA AC 150-532
Page 66 and 67: a) If MALW > DTW use DTW in your co
Page 68 and 69: III) Landing and Takeoff Runway Len
Page 70 and 71: I) Landing Analysisa) Estimate the
Page 72 and 73: Simple interpolation for a flap ang
Page 74 and 75: c) Compute the takeoff runway lengt
Page 76 and 77: Runway Length Analysis usingAircraf
Page 78 and 79: IAD-BGR TripIAD4,200 nmBGRVirginia
Page 80 and 81: Boeing 777-200 (GE Engines)Virginia
Page 82 and 83: Computation of Fuel WeightThis anal
Page 84 and 85: Explanation of Payload-Range Diagra
Page 86 and 87: Payload-Range Diagrams Explanations
Page 88 and 89: Sample Payload Range DiagramsPayloa
Page 90 and 91: Payload Range Diagrams (B777)Virgin
Page 92 and 93: Payload Range Diagrams (A320)Virgin
Page 94 and 95: Payload Range Dagrams (A380)Virgini
Page 96 and 97: Presentation of Runway Length Infor
Page 98 and 99: Boeing 777-200 HGW Takeoff Performa
Page 100 and 101: Landing AnalysisThis analysis is si
Page 104 and 105: Other Considerations in Runway Leng
Page 106 and 107: Some Runway Design TermsThe followi
Page 108 and 109: Sketch of RPZVirginia Tech - Air Tr
Page 110 and 111: Runway Object Free Area (ROFA or OF
Page 112 and 113: OFA Dimensions (Approach Cat. C and
Page 114 and 115: Example Runway Design for Boeing 77
Page 116 and 117: Climb PerformanceMany airport and a
Page 118 and 119: Climb Performance Model Simplificat
Page 120 and 121: Final Derivation of Climb Rate Expr
Page 122 and 123: Modeling Aircraft Thrust• Thrust
Page 124 and 125: Sample Thrust Variations (PW JT9D E
Page 126 and 127: Takeoff Thrust Variations with Spee
Page 128 and 129: Variations of Cruise TSFC (PW JT9D
Page 130: Typical Rate of Climb EnvelopeItera
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