Analysis of Air Transportation Systems Fundamentals of Aircraft ...

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a) If MALW > DTW use DTW in your computationsb) If MALW < DTW use MALW for in your computations.FAA method - Estimate the runway length required and use theshortest Landing Runway Length of all possible flap configurationsallowed.NOTE: This method is dangerous because if an engine failure occursafter takeoff and the pilot would want to come back and land theaircraft it would have to dump large amounts of fuel. Using the lowestflap setting provides a safer design and thus can be used instead.II) Takeoff Analysisa) Estimate the desired takeoff weight (DTW) for payload/range dataprovided.DTW = OEW + FW + PYLwhere:Virginia Tech - Air Transportation Systems Laboratory 66
OEW = Operating empty weightPYL = PayloadFW = Fuel weight (be sure to include reserve fuel)b) Estimate the maximum allowable takeoff weight for each flapsetting (allowable)NOTE: Discard those flap settings that do not allow a takeoff atDTW.c) For each flap setting/aircraft operation combination find referencefactors and required takeoff distances.NOTE: This procedure is executed in two steps.d) Select the shortest runway length from step (c) as this will be thepilot’s choice from an operational point of view since pilots wouldlike to depart using the shortest takeoff roll possible.e) Adjust the takeoff runway length as needed for effective gradient.Virginia Tech - Air Transportation Systems Laboratory 67
Page 2 and 3:
Introductory RemarksAir vehicles ar
Page 4 and 5:
Aircraft Performance Basics(Interna
Page 6 and 7:
Basic Relationships to Uderstand th
Page 8 and 9:
Atmosphere with Constant Temperatur
Page 10 and 11:
Atmosphere with Linear Temperature
Page 12 and 13:
Atmosphere with Linear Temperature
Page 14 and 15:
International Standard AtmosphereCh
Page 16 and 17: Important Aircraft Speed Terms to K
Page 18 and 19: Air Compressibility EffectsA mathem
Page 20 and 21: Example ComputationBoeing 737-300 (
Page 22 and 23: Sample Matlab Code Used (ISAM.m)Vir
Page 24 and 25: Plot of CAS vs. TAS (Subsonic Aircr
Page 26 and 27: Aircraft Runway Length PerformanceE
Page 28 and 29: Functional Forms of the ForcesThe f
Page 30 and 31: Notes on Various Parameters1) C L a
Page 32 and 33: Remarks About the Aircraft Accelera
Page 34 and 35: Flap Angle• Angle formed between
Page 36 and 37: Remarks• The mass of the aircraft
Page 38 and 39: • At large flap angles (> 25 degr
Page 40 and 41: A Word on Stalling and Lift-off Spe
Page 42 and 43: These considerations are necessary
Page 44 and 45: Integration of Acceleration Equatio
Page 46 and 47: Aircraft Speed During Takeoff RollN
Page 48 and 49: Takeoff Roll Distance vs. Aircraft
Page 50 and 51: General Procedure for Runway Length
Page 52 and 53: FAR Certification ProceduresFAR 25
Page 54 and 55: Landing Distance CaseThe landing di
Page 56 and 57: Engine-Out Takeoff CaseDictated by
Page 58 and 59: Runway Length Procedures (AC 150/53
Page 60 and 61: Contents of Advisory Circular 150/5
Page 62 and 63: Groupings Method AC 150/5325-4 (Fig
Page 64 and 65: Sample Calculations (FAA AC 150-532
Page 68 and 69: III) Landing and Takeoff Runway Len
Page 70 and 71: I) Landing Analysisa) Estimate the
Page 72 and 73: Simple interpolation for a flap ang
Page 74 and 75: c) Compute the takeoff runway lengt
Page 76 and 77: Runway Length Analysis usingAircraf
Page 78 and 79: IAD-BGR TripIAD4,200 nmBGRVirginia
Page 80 and 81: Boeing 777-200 (GE Engines)Virginia
Page 82 and 83: Computation of Fuel WeightThis anal
Page 84 and 85: Explanation of Payload-Range Diagra
Page 86 and 87: Payload-Range Diagrams Explanations
Page 88 and 89: Sample Payload Range DiagramsPayloa
Page 90 and 91: Payload Range Diagrams (B777)Virgin
Page 92 and 93: Payload Range Diagrams (A320)Virgin
Page 94 and 95: Payload Range Dagrams (A380)Virgini
Page 96 and 97: Presentation of Runway Length Infor
Page 98 and 99: Boeing 777-200 HGW Takeoff Performa
Page 100 and 101: Landing AnalysisThis analysis is si
Page 102 and 103: Reconcile Takeoff and Landing Cases
Page 104 and 105: Other Considerations in Runway Leng
Page 106 and 107: Some Runway Design TermsThe followi
Page 108 and 109: Sketch of RPZVirginia Tech - Air Tr
Page 110 and 111: Runway Object Free Area (ROFA or OF
Page 112 and 113: OFA Dimensions (Approach Cat. C and
Page 114 and 115: Example Runway Design for Boeing 77
Page 116 and 117:
Climb PerformanceMany airport and a
Page 118 and 119:
Climb Performance Model Simplificat
Page 120 and 121:
Final Derivation of Climb Rate Expr
Page 122 and 123:
Modeling Aircraft Thrust• Thrust
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Sample Thrust Variations (PW JT9D E
Page 126 and 127:
Takeoff Thrust Variations with Spee
Page 128 and 129:
Variations of Cruise TSFC (PW JT9D
Page 130:
Typical Rate of Climb EnvelopeItera
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