specialist Christian A. Scholz.(Comment:Christian Scholz was not Müller’s radio specialist. Scholz, whowas a personal friend, worked for the Luftwaffe Radio Interception unit at Wildpark-Werder and was withhim just before he vanished.) And while the bodies of others that rema<strong>in</strong>ed that night were recovered andidentified, no one <strong>in</strong> the f<strong>in</strong>al group witnessed the death of Mueller or Scholz. 16West German authorities pursued three major leads <strong>in</strong> an effort to confirm Mueller's death andburial <strong>in</strong> Berl<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong> 1945. First, there was the testimony of Fritz Leopold, a Berl<strong>in</strong> morgue official who hadreported <strong>in</strong> December 1945 that Mueller's body was moved (along with many others) from the RSHAheadquarters at Pr<strong>in</strong>z Albrecht Strasse (2000 feet from the Chancellery) for reburial <strong>in</strong> a local municipalcemetery on Lilienthalstrasse (Berl<strong>in</strong>-Neukoelln) <strong>in</strong> the Western half of the city. Leopold was later deemedan unreliable source, but the burial was officially registered with the Berl<strong>in</strong> authorities and a headstonewould be placed at Mueller's "grave" which read, "Our lov<strong>in</strong>g father He<strong>in</strong>rich Mueller - Born 28 April1900 - Died <strong>in</strong> Berl<strong>in</strong> May 1945." A second story came from Mueller's ex-subord<strong>in</strong>ate He<strong>in</strong>z Pannwitz,who had been captured by the Soviets and returned to West Germany <strong>in</strong> 1957, whereupon he told theGerman Secret Service [Bundesnachrichtendienst - BND] that his Soviet <strong>in</strong>terrogators revealed to him that"your Chief [Mueller] is dead." <strong>The</strong> body, they said, had been found <strong>in</strong> a subway shaft a few blocks fromthe Chancellery with a bullet through the head and with its identity documents <strong>in</strong>tact. 17<strong>The</strong> f<strong>in</strong>al story came from Walter Lueders, a former member of the German Volkssturm (civilianfighters) who ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong>ed that he had headed a burial detail <strong>in</strong> the summer of 1945. Of the hundreds ofbodies buried by the detail, only one, said Lueders, wore an SS-General's uniform, and it was found <strong>in</strong> thegarden of the Reich Chancellery with a large wound <strong>in</strong> the back. Though the body had no medals ordecorations, Lueders recalled with certa<strong>in</strong>ty that the identity papers were those of Gestapo Mueller. It wasmoved to the old Jewish Cemetery on Grosse Hamburgerstasse <strong>in</strong> the Soviet Sector, where it was placed <strong>in</strong>one of three mass graves. In fact, <strong>in</strong> 1955 the German Armed Forces Information Office(Wehrmachtsauskunftsstelle - WASt) <strong>in</strong>quired with district authorities <strong>in</strong> East Berl<strong>in</strong> and receivedconfirmation that Gestapo Mueller was buried at the Grosse-Hamburgerstrasse cemetery <strong>in</strong> 1945. S<strong>in</strong>ce thegrave was a mass grave, however, there was no actual plot.<strong>The</strong> Fritz Leopold story was checked first, and <strong>in</strong> September 1963, the Mueller "grave" at theLilienthalstrasse cemetery <strong>in</strong> West Berl<strong>in</strong> was exhumed. Investigation revealed that <strong>in</strong> fact, the graveconta<strong>in</strong>ed the rema<strong>in</strong>s of three different people, none of whom were Mueller. <strong>The</strong> skull, moreover,belonged to a man ten years younger than Mueller would have been <strong>in</strong> 1945. <strong>The</strong> German authorities hadno means by which to verify either Pannwitz's or Lueders' story. Pannwitz's <strong>in</strong>formation had come fromMoscow, and there was no official liaison between Soviet <strong>in</strong>telligence and the West Germans on theMueller case. Lueders's story could not be checked s<strong>in</strong>ce Grosse Hamburgerstrasse was on the other side ofthe two-year old Berl<strong>in</strong> Wall. Add<strong>in</strong>g to the confusion was the mystery of Mueller's effects. WASt,accord<strong>in</strong>g to its own records, returned to Mueller's family <strong>in</strong> 1958 not only the Gestapo Chief's papers,some of which Lueders claimed to have found on the body, but also Mueller's decorations, which neitherLeopold not Lueders claimed to have found. <strong>The</strong>se items were never checked for authenticity. 18<strong>The</strong> <strong>CIA</strong> <strong>in</strong>vestigation<strong>The</strong> <strong>CIA</strong> started its <strong>in</strong>volvement <strong>in</strong> the hunt for Mueller at roughly the same time as the Germansearch, albeit from a different source base. <strong>The</strong> January 1961 defection and <strong>in</strong>terrogation of a Polish<strong>in</strong>telligence officer brought Western counter<strong>in</strong>telligence tips that led to several Soviet and Polish agentsactive <strong>in</strong> the West, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g George Blake, a mole <strong>in</strong> the British MI6, Harry Houghton, a clerk <strong>in</strong> theBritish navy, and He<strong>in</strong>z Felfe, a highlevel West German <strong>in</strong>telligence officer. <strong>The</strong> defector surely was Lt.Col. Michal Goleniewski [TN], the Deputy Chief of Polish Military Counter Intelligence until 1958, whohad also operated as a mole for the KGB <strong>in</strong> the Polish service. In recount<strong>in</strong>g his work as an <strong>in</strong>terrogator ofcaptured German officials <strong>in</strong> Poland from 1948 to 1952, Goleniewski revealed <strong>in</strong>formation about the fateof some Nazi <strong>in</strong>telligence officials, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g Gestapo Mueller. Goleniewski had not actually met Mueller.However, he had heard from his Soviet supervisors that sometime between 1950 and 1952 the Soviets hadpicked up Mueller and taken him to Moscow. 19 <strong>The</strong>re was little with which to evaluate this claim, andsome reason to be skeptical of this hearsay. Pannwitz, after all, had recently dismissed as "nonsense" to<strong>CIA</strong> <strong>in</strong>terrogators the idea that Mueller worked for the Soviets while claim<strong>in</strong>g that his own Soviet<strong>in</strong>terrogators repeatedly said that Mueller was dead. 20
<strong>The</strong> <strong>CIA</strong> tried to track down the men Goleniewski named as hav<strong>in</strong>g worked with Mueller <strong>in</strong>Moscow. <strong>The</strong> <strong>CIA</strong> determ<strong>in</strong>ed that Jakob Loellgen, the former Gestapo chief of Danzig, was alive andresided <strong>in</strong> West Germany. In 1945 the Soviets had captured Loellgen but then released him, whereupon hereturned to West Germany, work<strong>in</strong>g as a local police chief and as a private <strong>in</strong>vestigator. <strong>The</strong> <strong>CIA</strong> turnedthis <strong>in</strong>formation over to the Germans and the BND located Loellgen <strong>in</strong> 1961.<strong>The</strong> Germans dropped the ball. Although the BDN (sic. BND )apparently began assembl<strong>in</strong>gmaterial for his arrest, Loellgen was never arrested. <strong>The</strong> <strong>CIA</strong> never quite figured out what had happened.<strong>The</strong> BND seemed to be preoccupied throughout 1961 with another of Goleniewski's leads, He<strong>in</strong>z Felfe.Felfe was a highlevel BND officer, who had already provided thousands of West German secrets <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>gnames of agents, cover names, addresses, and documents, to Moscow. In the midst of the Felfe scandal,West German <strong>in</strong>vestigation of Loellgen just fell between the cracks. 21<strong>The</strong> <strong>CIA</strong> did collect some <strong>in</strong>formation on its own that bore on the "Mueller <strong>in</strong> Moscow" thesis. InJune 1961, another source was asked to assess Goleniewski's <strong>in</strong>formation on Soviet contacts with former<strong>Nazis</strong>. <strong>The</strong> source, who appears to have been a KGB officer, reported hav<strong>in</strong>g read a "Mueller file," <strong>in</strong>which Mueller is described as hav<strong>in</strong>g been captured by Soviet <strong>in</strong>telligence at the end of World War II. <strong>The</strong>identity of this source is not given <strong>in</strong> the <strong>CIA</strong> file, but is likely Petr Deriab<strong>in</strong> [TN]. (Deriab<strong>in</strong> had workedon counter<strong>in</strong>telligence matters <strong>in</strong> the Austro-German department of the First Chief Directorate of theKGB.) <strong>The</strong> defector wrote <strong>in</strong> a 1971 memorandum for the record that <strong>in</strong> 1952 he had heard from his ownsuperiors that Moscow had recruited Mueller and that he himself had read excerpts from an <strong>in</strong>terrogation.He even <strong>in</strong>cluded the names of four Soviet officers who had once debriefed Mueller <strong>in</strong> 1951. 22 Comment:As He<strong>in</strong>rich Müller was an expert <strong>in</strong> Soviet espionage and had wrought terrible havoc <strong>in</strong> the ranks ofStal<strong>in</strong>’s spies, execut<strong>in</strong>g the ones he could not turn, there is no conceivable reason for the Soviets to wishto “turn” Müller. Had he extensive knowledge of Western <strong>in</strong>telligence operations equal to his knowledgeof Soviet operations, then the Soviets would have found a use for him.)Despite the partial corroboration of the <strong>in</strong>formation from Goleniewski, the <strong>CIA</strong> appears to haverelied on the West Germans to take the lead <strong>in</strong> the <strong>in</strong>vestigation of Mueller's whereabouts and did littlefollow-up <strong>in</strong> the 1960s. <strong>The</strong> rema<strong>in</strong>der of the decade saw various news reports that Mueller had escaped tovarious po<strong>in</strong>ts <strong>in</strong> the West (Argent<strong>in</strong>a, Cuba), as well as tragicomic episodes. In 1967, a false sight<strong>in</strong>g ofMueller <strong>in</strong> Panama led to the arrest there of one Francis Keith, who was released once f<strong>in</strong>gerpr<strong>in</strong>ts revealedhe was not Mueller. (Comment: Keith was an American citizen work<strong>in</strong>g on construction projects <strong>in</strong>Panama.) Later the same year, two Israeli operatives were caught by West German police <strong>in</strong> an attemptedbreak-<strong>in</strong> at the Munich apartment of Mueller's wife. Reams of newspaper copy were produced by suchepisodes, but there was only limited <strong>CIA</strong> <strong>in</strong>terest. (Comment: <strong>The</strong> Mossad agents were <strong>in</strong>structed to searchfor letters from Müller and to plant electronic listen<strong>in</strong>g devices <strong>in</strong> Frau Müller’s flat. This <strong>in</strong>formation waspublished <strong>in</strong> several period Munich newspapers. <strong>The</strong> Mossad agents were jailed for common burglary andlater released at the urgent request of the Israeli Ambassador <strong>in</strong> Bonn. If Müller was dead, as theAmerican authorities wished so badly to prove, why would Israel go to so much trouble to locate a deadman over twenty years after his alleged death?)Yet one particular report did catch <strong>CIA</strong>'s attention. In the aftermath of the Eichmann trial, theWest German weekly Stern ran two articles by the journalist Peter Staehle that appeared <strong>in</strong> January andAugust 1964. Staehle said that after hav<strong>in</strong>g followed a path after the war that <strong>in</strong>cluded the Soviet Union,Romania, Turkey, and South Africa, Mueller became a senior police official <strong>in</strong> Albania before flee<strong>in</strong>g forSouth America. 23 From the very start, <strong>CIA</strong> suspected that Staehle's articles were a "plant" - part of a "cleverbit of [dis<strong>in</strong>formation] work" to mislead the public, as well as <strong>in</strong>telligence agencies. 24 <strong>The</strong> <strong>CIA</strong> checked -and disproved Staehle's claim that Mueller was <strong>in</strong> fact an Albanian police official named Abed<strong>in</strong> BekirNakoschiri. 25 <strong>The</strong> BND and <strong>CIA</strong> also discovered that Staehle had failed to get his articles pr<strong>in</strong>ted <strong>in</strong> themore respected weekly Die Zeit thanks to a suspect source base about which Staehle had reportedly lied. 26In May 1970 a Czech defector, very likely Ladislas Bittman [TN], a dis<strong>in</strong>formation specialisthimself, weighed <strong>in</strong>. 27 Bittman said that the Stern article was planted from Prague <strong>in</strong> order to neutralizerumors that Mueller might <strong>in</strong> fact be <strong>in</strong> Czechoslovakia. Bittman added for good measure that with<strong>in</strong> Czech<strong>in</strong>telligence circles, it was common knowledge that the KGB had used Nazi war crim<strong>in</strong>als for <strong>in</strong>telligencepurposes and that key sections of Nazi archives had also been captured by the Soviets for use <strong>in</strong>"operational aims." 28
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The CIA CovenantNazis in Washington
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In one, Sereny claims that Stangl
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partially lined out, it appears the
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would be found. When he showed the
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Critchfield and his former employer
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the other guy. (These were pictures
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The Gestapo Chief in WashingtonAt t
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IntroductionIn the early morning ho
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shall hand you over to the Gestapo,
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When these proved to be fakes, Fara
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Müller and His JournalsAs a young
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outrageously cynical, manipulative
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We knew all their diplomatic codes
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disbelief the orthodox display when
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one, I found a complete set of silv
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Another historical footnote: When R
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making tons of hand soap out of dea
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interest in meeting with him except
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The plotters were never punished bu
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It has been suggested by people at
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which ones? T. is supposed to be
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Friday, 22 April 1949I am running o
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efore taking a car up over the moun
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of the very best men the history of
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I don’t think one needs to tell H
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The concert was acceptable and the
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occupation army. Who knows, with hi
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in Rome in 1943, along, one must bo
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The House will be in recess from th
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Pash, it seems, is still looking fo
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I tell them, of course, I will help
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We need more courts and I certainly
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Although Maxl has no ear for music,
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My area of expertise is Soviet Russ
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It is fortunate that the media thor
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The food is acceptable on these tra
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into recognizing the government of
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The aim of all of them is to set Am
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One of my new friends wants to “p
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Sunday, 8 January 1950A bad start b
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Note later: The recordings will be
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cunning and then they suddenly deve
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ecall the story about the spear of
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to a national police force to deal
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That left Bunny and myself, and som
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And McCarthy is firing wildly at an
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were in the OSS), want their friend
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certainly get the meaning of the or
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Thursday, 20 April 1950Today is the
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Wonderful performance on my part as
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Well, she can live in poverty in Pa
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Arno joined us for lunch and it was
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I am still concerned about the NSC
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I did also mention the concern I ha
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I ask: If the CIA is so clever and
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importance endlessly. This educated
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The town of Warrenton has less than
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I will let her do that part. We can
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said that this is certainly a proxy
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Truman did not want to alienate the
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The house is now almost completely
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to Lenin who agreed to do just that
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of things past, but he has obviousl
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Great turmoil that was slow in spre
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Now, as a landholder and a husband,
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Tuesday, 28 November 1950Bradley ca
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A small affair only increases the d
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different names printed on them. Th
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- Page 174 and 175: arrive on the Cunarder “Britannic
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- Page 204 and 205: JULIUS HAGEMANN [PC]KARL F. HAGEN [
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- Page 222 and 223: EUGEN WENNER [SS]HANS WERNERKURT OT
- Page 224 and 225: ENVOIIt is an unfortunate fact of l
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They sailed through the wine-dark s
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It was then decided to fill in the
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A top US Army Intelligence agent an
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an SS general and concentration cam
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York, 1978.Colville, John. The Frin
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Mills, Walter. The Forrestal Diarie