CHALLENGER'S LOST LESSONS - ER - NASA

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90densities. For this reason, increasing the applied forceabove that of gravity makes a “centrifuge” useful in “precipitating” amaterial from a solution. The added centrifugal force acts toseparate the solid substance from the fluid, depositing the precipitateon the bottom of the centrifuge test tube. In zero-g, such anapparatus would prove helpful in separating materials from a liquidsolution, especially since gravity is not present to simply let settlingwork to form the precipitate.Fortunately, among the video clips of Christa and others inthe zero-g aircraft, are bubbles sailing about the KC-135 interior.These are, actually, produced by the effervescing tablet gas bubblesescaping inadvertently from the experiment container. In zero-gthese would be expected to form spheres. However, because of thelightness, (i.e., small mass) of the air contained within the bubbleformed by surface tension, these bubbles would have formed in agravity environment as well. Indeed, they are simply the samemanifestation as those bubbles produced by a child’s bubble ring kit.Nevertheless, this is a useful scenario.Liquids in orbit behave like soap bubbles on earth. It isbecause both have such little mass compared to the force ofmolecular surface tension. Also, the pressure of the air pushing onthe bubble is equal to the gas within the bubble keeping the bubbleinflated like a balloon. The effects of gravity do not distort (“pop”)these spherical gas bubble shapes. [Note: Behind Christa, BobMayfield, and Barbara Morgan, a man throws a ball over their headswhile they practice the experiment. The ball is thrown in a trajectorywhich bounds off the ceiling of the KC-135 aircraft. Based on thespeed of the ball overhead, it would be expected to strike Christa,Bob, or Barbara. Instead, it simply continues above them as thoughgravity does not exist. This is added evidence how balls, liquids,bubbles and people behave in zero-gravity. They simply float in midair.](Depress the “CTR:” key and click here to watch Christainadvertently produce her zero-g bubbles.) The scene serves todemonstrate what Christa might have shown during the second lifelesson scheduled for day-six of the Challenger mission.Additionally, the zero-g mixing demonstration could have been
91easily done in the KC-135 aircraft.In fact, similar experiments have been done by <strong>NASA</strong> usingthat aircraft as a test bed. Below are a pair of videos showing theeffect of zero-g compared to one-g on mixing of liquids of differentdensities. Their different colors differentiate them. Depress the“CTRL” key then click here for the mixing in a one g environment.Depress the “CTRL” key then click here for the mixing video inmicro-gravity environment produced by a <strong>NASA</strong> zero-g aircraft.Materials:1. Soap bubble kit from dollar store2. Bubble Gum3. Spherical Balloons4. Video camera5. Eye Dropper6. Dark Grape Juice
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CHALLENGER’S LOST LESSONSProject
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3CHALLENGER’S LOST LESSONS[Backgr
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5Obviously, because of the loss of
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7collectively. Other constraints we
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9Hydroponics ChamberAnother aspect
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11been ingested by crewmembers or e
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13of the mass of each other. This w
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15effervescent tablet, and a water
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17would have been observed instead
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19with an insert to provide frictio
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21Challenger’s Live Lost LessonsW
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23[For a preliminary or concluding
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25THE LOST HYDROPONICS CHAMBER LESS
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27Hold down CTRL Key and click here
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29i.e., the leaves may simply droop
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31After each daily spraying of the
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332. What impact would ambient ligh
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35Christa Practicing Bar Magnet in
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37Observe the movement of the right
Page 39 and 40: 39would permit filming. The movie w
Page 41 and 42: 41What Happened?(Study the video ta
Page 43 and 44: 43How do you believe Christa’s su
Page 45 and 46: 45the final lines of force pattern.
Page 47 and 48: 47permanent magnet.)The assembly of
Page 49 and 50: 49THE LOST NEWTON’S LAWS LESSON
Page 51 and 52: 51Such an experiment reminds educat
Page 53 and 54: 53equal for both projectiles. Cups
Page 55 and 56: 55Process:Cutaway view of spring re
Page 57 and 58: 57Questions to Answer:1. What did y
Page 59 and 60: 59THE LOST EFFERVESCENCE LESSONThe
Page 61 and 62: 61dioxide. The gas was contained in
Page 63 and 64: 63THE LOST CHROMATOGRAPHY LESSON“
Page 65 and 66: 65Hold down CTRL Key and click on:c
Page 67 and 68: 67of Christa to see how her apparat
Page 69 and 70: 69THE LOST SIMPLE MACHINES LESSONIn
Page 71 and 72: 71station actually has a trolley ty
Page 73 and 74: 733) A screwdriver and wood screws.
Page 75 and 76: 75*3. Hammer a nail lightly into th
Page 77 and 78: 77What Would Have Happened on Chall
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Page 81 and 82: 81The “The Ultimate Field Trip”
Page 83 and 84: 834. If you were to teach the seven
Page 85 and 86: 85Unlike, the first live lesson whi
Page 87 and 88: 87Concerning the tripod, Pilot Mike
Page 89: 89A Classroom Version of Christa’
Page 93 and 94: 93and gaseous substances on earth a
Page 95 and 96: 95Wright Brothers’ AirplaneIntern
Page 97: 97Instructions for using the attach
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CHALLENGER'S LOST LESSONS - ER - NASA

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