Chapter VIIgood states, yet there still remain passions. They are not yet capableof vanquishing them but rather are themselves vanquished bythem. Perfection refers to the development of such weak commitmentduring the [initial] stage of practicing commitment. Thosebodhisattvas, through further unlimited periods of time, cultivateand practice giving, etc., and gradually increase and bring tocompletion those good stages. Passions still do make their appearance,but they are able to vanquish them and are not themselvesvanquished by them. Near perfection, then, refers to this [stage ofdevelopment] in the initial stage and above. Those bodhisattvas,during further unlimited periods of time, cultivate and practicegiving, etc., develop further increases, and bring to completiongood states. No passion now appears at all. Great perfection refersto this [stage of development] in the eighth stage and above."The Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara addressed the Buddha andsaid: "World-honored One, how many varieties of passionate inclinationsare to be found in all these stages?"The Buddha answered the Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara and said:"Good son, there are three varieties. The first are the passionateinclinations that are removed from their companions. These occurin the first five stages. Why is this so? Good son, all the passionsthat do not arise connaturally are companions to the arising ofconnatural passions. Since they no longer are present at the time[of the sixth stage], they are said to be removed from their companions.The second are debilitated passionate inclinations, which appearsubtly in the sixth and seventh stages. But if one cultivatestheir suppression, they will appear no longer. The third are thesubtle passionate inclinations found in the eighth stage and above.Herein all passions have been removed and no longer appear. Thereremains only the support for the obstacle to the knowable."The Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara addressed the Buddha andsaid: "World-honored One, how many varieties of abandoning theweakness of these passionate inclinations are manifested?"The Buddha answered the Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara andsaid: "Good son, there are only two varieties. [The first] is the95
The Scripture on the Explication of Underlying Meaning708aabandoning of superficial weakness in regard to the first and second[kinds of passionate inclinations]. [The second] is theabandoning of deeper weaknesses in regard to the third [kind ofpassionate inclination]. The abandonment of the deepest weaknessesI have taught as being the abandonment of all passionateinclinations forever, which consists of the Buddha stage."The Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara addressed the Buddha andsaid: "World-honored One, how many eons must one pass throughto be able to abandon these weaknesses?"The Buddha answered the Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara andsaid: "Good son, one must pass through three great, incalculable,immeasurable eons. They are incalculable since they cannot bemeasured in years, months, half-months, whole or half days andnights, instants, moments, or seconds."The Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara addressed the Buddha and said:"World-honored One, what are the characteristics, faults, and goodqualities of the passions that appear in all these bodhisattva stages?"The Buddha answered the Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara andsaid: "Good son, they are characterized by nondefilement because,from the moment they are fixed in the initial stage, bodhisattvaspenetratingly understand the reality realm of all things. Therefore,these passions arise with the full awareness of thosebodhisattvas and are not unconscious, and thus they are characterizedas undefiled. Bodhisattvas are unable to engender anysuffering in their own bodies, and [their passions] are without fault.But they do engender passions so as to be able to sever the causesof suffering for sentient beings. Thus those [passions] have unlimitedgood qualities."The Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara addressed the Buddha andsaid: "How rare, World-honored One, is that unexcelled, supremeawakening, for it has such great benefit, enabling bodhisattvas toengender [such undefiled, faultless, and good] passions! How wonderfulare the good roots of all the word-hearers and solitary enlightenedones! How much greater are these other unlimited virtues[of the bodhisattvas]!"96
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Editorial ForewordIn January 1982,
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Chapter VThe Absence of EssenceAt t
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