Samdhinirmocana-sutra

GlossaryHinayana ("lesser vehicle"): A derogatory term applied by Mahayanists tothe various schools of Buddhism that exalt as their ideal the arhat, thereligious adept who has transcended all passions. See also great vehicle.hungry ghost: A kind of ghost that always suffers from hunger and thirst.kimnara: A class of mythical beings, either half human and half bird or halfhuman and half horse, who make celestial music.mahoraga: A class of snake-like mythical beings.naga: A serpent deity, a dragon.non-returner: One who has reached a stage of spiritual quest that frees onefrom rebirth in the kamadhatu, the world of desire. Such a person is notyet an arhat, and is bound to be born in the upper samsaric world, i.e.,in the rupadhatu and arupyadhatu. Though a non-returner does returnto the world, ordinary mortals in the world of desire do not see thisreturn.solitary enlightened one: A solitary Buddha who had no teacher, does notteach, and lacks universal compassion.twelvefold conditions: The twelvefold cycle of causes and conditions that makeup the human condition, namely: (1) ignorance, (2) volitional activity,(3) consciousness, (4) name and form, (5) the six senses, (6) contact, (7)experience, (8) passion, (9) attachment, (10) existence, (11) rebirth, and(12) decay and death.word-hearers (sravakas): Originally, personal disciples of Sakyamuni whoheard his teachings; later generally used to mean so-called HinayanaBuddhists. See also Hinayana.yaksa: A class of demonic beings; human flesh-eaters.Yogacara: A Buddhist school, founded in the fourth century c.E., which advocatedthe doctrine of "mind only" or "conscious construction only."118