632(...continued)characterize <strong>Mark</strong>’s description of what happened as “actual, historical fact”? Orshould we rather say that <strong>Mark</strong> is reporting the stories about Jesus told by first-handwitnesses, such as Peter in his preaching and teaching in Rome? How do you think amodern nespaper reporter would tell this same story–especially if the person wassuffering from alcoholism or drug addiction, or was labeled as “criminally insane”?3. If the source of spiritual “uncleanness” is demon-possession, how do you explainthe teaching of Jesus in <strong>Mark</strong> 7 that uncleanness originates in the human heart, not inanything external, that “comes from without”?4. What do you take the overall point of this story to be for <strong>Mark</strong>?5. <strong>In</strong> earlier stories in <strong>Mark</strong>, Jesus has been described as forbidding the personshealed from reporting what has happened to them. But here, Jesus refuses to let thisperson stay with him, and instead, sends him to report to others what he has experienced.Why the difference?6. Does this ancient story have any real relevance to the modern world and itsproblems? What is that relevance, if any? Should we conclude from this story that theonly real hope for the mentally ill and “insane” is exorcism by priests (or “Spirit-filledhealers”), not the type of psychiatric medicine that is practiced by modern professionaldoctors in the mental health field?7. The author of these notes holds that this story has great meaning andimportance for the modern world. It pictures Jesus as tackling the most difficult problemsknown to first century society, and doing victorious battle with the toughest evils thatafflicted people. Even though the picture is painted in terms of the first-century world-view,a view that is very difficult (or impossible) to hold in the modern western world, the storystill has importance and valid meaning–because it shows how Jesus and his followers aresent into the world of human suffering, to do battle with the most difficult and grievous ofhuman problems; and at the same time it assures the reader that Jesus of Nazareth is theultimate Victor over every form of human evil and uncleanness. What do you think?402
633 6345.1 And they came to the other side of the Sea, into the country of the635 636 637[Gerasenes]. 5.2 And coming out of the boat, [immediately] there met him, out of the633The third person plural aorist verb ëèïí, elthon, “they came,” is changed to the thirdperson singular form of the same verb h=lqen, elthen, “he came,” by a corrector ofSinaiticus (probably), Ephraemi Rescriptus, L, Delta, Theta, Family 13 of Minuscules,Minuscules 28, 579, 700, 892, 1241, 2542, some other Greek manuscripts, the Old LatinManuscript q, the Syriac tradition, the Bohairic Coptic and Epiphanius of Constantia (whodied 403 A.D.).The variant does not change the meaning of <strong>Mark</strong>, but only makes it center in Jesushimself, rather than in Jesus and his disciples.634What <strong>Mark</strong> evidently means is that Jesus and his followers went across the northernend of the Sea of Galilee, from the northwest shore to somewhere on the eastern side ofthe Sea. Compare footnote 605 on <strong>Mark</strong> 4:35.635The name Ãåñáóçíí, Gerasenon, “(of the) Gerasenes” (as is also read by Luke8:26), is read by the first writer of Sinaiticus, Vaticanus, Bezae, Minuscule 2427(probably), the entire Latin tradition and the Sahidic Coptic.It is changed to read (as does Matthew 8:28) Gadarhnw/n, Gadarenon, “(of the)Gadarenes,” by Alexandrinus, Ephraemi Rescriptus, Family 13 of Minuscules, the“Majority Text,” the Peshitta Syriac and the Harclean Syriac.It is changed to read Gergusthnw/n, Gergustenon, “(of the) Gergustenes,” by W.It is changed to read Gergeshnw/n, Gergesenon, “(of the) Gergesenes,” by acorrector of Sinaiticus, L, Delta, Theta, Family 1 of Minuscules, Minuscules 28, 33, 565,579, 700, 892, 1241, 1424, 2542, some other Greek manuscripts, the Sinaitic Syriac andthe Bohairic Coptic.With this array of variant readings, it is very difficult to say what the original readingactually was. Taylor notes that “The textual variations are due to the fact that both Gerasa(30 miles to the southeast)...and Gadara (6 miles to the Southeast) are too far from thelake, and to the necessity of finding a site where the mountains run down steeply into thelake...” (P. 278)France likewise comments that “The complicated textual variants among the threesynoptic versions are perhaps best accounted for by an original Gadarhnw/n, Gadarenon inMatthew and an original Ãåñáóçíí, Gerasenon in <strong>Mark</strong> and Luke, with Gergeshnw/n,Gergesenon and related variants as subsequent attempts (perhaps originating withOrigen...) to provide a more suitable lakeside location...Near El Kursi, further north on theeast shore, there is a suitably steep bank. Hence the attraction of the later readingGergeshnw/n, Gergesenon, since ‘Gergesa’ is traditionally associated with El Kursi, and the(continued...)403
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PRAYERLord Jesus, we are learning f