Ulaanbaatar 2013

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Mongolia Compact Gender Summary Report: Best Practices And Lessons Learned10 ROAD PROJECTParticipants’ feedback on trainings for local communities carried out by the social and genderteam as part of the Road project:“I am happy that I have now sufficient knowledge on prevention of HIV/AIDS and STIs, andTrafficking in Persons to share with my pupils.” - Ms. Buyantsogt, social worker of secondary school,Shiveegobi soum, Govisumber aimag.“The training was very timely and useful for our life and work. I would suggest having such trainingsoften and involving more participants from local communities.” - Ms. D. Munkhsuren, bagh medicalpractitioner, Dalanjargalan soum, Dornogovi aimag10.1 IntroductionThe project objectives are to construct a road segment of 176.4 km from Choir to Sainshand; increasetransit freight turnover, and create favorable and safe conditions for transportation and travel.“There is no doubt that the road will positively affect local entrepreneurs while contributing to theprosperity and development of the soum. Namely, income of hotels, restaurants and shops will beincreased, resulting improved livelihood of local communities too. Further, if the number of heavyload trucks passing through soum decreases, dust surrounding soum will be also reduced, which willhave more positive impact for the health of local communities.” Focus group discussion respondentadolescent girls of Airag soum, Dornogobi aimag10.2 Key issues identified in 2011 GIP and 2012 ReviewThe main concerns in road construction from a gender standpoint are: trafficking in persons (TIP),including sexual and labor exploitation, workplace sexual harassment, and ensuring women‟sparticipation in construction and economic benefits from the project. A large number of workers areemployed in this project, both Mongolian and foreign, including people from China, Korea and thePhilippines. The introduction of such a large, predominantly male labor force presents socialchallenges to the surrounding communities. The MCA-ESA team identified a need to ensure thatlabor rights are not violated and to ensure that companies do not participate in any form ofexploitation including trafficking. Their engagement with surrounding communities was considered apriority issue. An additional safety issue associated with a new road is the result of higher speeds. Fastdriving increases the likelihood of accidents. This affects drivers and passengers, but may also affectsurrounding communities.10.3 Key accomplishments in integrating genderOne of the objectives of the social and gender team has been to improve women‟s economic benefitsduring the construction of the road, including increase of the number of female employees amongboth contractors.During the 2012 construction season, in case of lot 1/Halla (see figure below on the right ), womenconstituted 13% of the total workforce (out of 312 employees). As for lot 2/Jiangxi, (graph below, onthe left side), women made up 9% of the total workforce.48Page 48 of 80
Mongolia Compact Gender Summary Report: Best Practices And Lessons LearnedFigure 10.1. Sex-disaggregateddata on Mongolian workersFemale (9%)21Male (91%)Figure 10.2. Total Workersdisaggregated by sexFemale Male13%226Lot 2,Jiangxi87%Lot 1,HallaMCA-Mongolia sent an initial letter to both contractors encouraging them to increase femaleemployment and suggesting a number of strategies to reach a higher percentage of females in theworkplace. Following a team visit, both contractors informally agreed to set a target of femaleemployment of 15% of the total.To help encourage women to apply for construction jobs, MCA-Mongolia developed postersadvertising job opportunities specifically for women in construction, which were posted in publicplaces such as banks and beauty salons to encourage women to apply for available positions.The aforementioned target though could not be reached in the <strong>2013</strong> season, but resulted in an averagepercentage of 10% of females employed for both Halla and Jiangxi. The low female employment rateis related partly due to the technical qualification requirements for road construction jobs.Totalfemale10%Figure 10. 3. Workforce disaggregatedby sex(<strong>2013</strong>)Totalmale90%Strategies to increase female employment in construction given to contractors Halla and Jiangxi1. Developing a list of job vacancies where women might work. It should be noted during preparationof the list that the stereotypes of women (e.g., women cannot do such job or such kind of job is notsupposed to be woman‟s job etc.) should not be factored in. The idea is to promote non-traditionaland non-stereotypical jobs for women. The list might be useful in attracting more women throughdifferent targeted approaches as suggested below.2. Ensuring effective awareness and improving outreach approaches:2.1. Target group #1 – Female residents of aimags and soums along the road alignment.Possible ways of raising awareness and reaching out the target groups are: broadcasting ofvacancy notices through local TV and radio channels; posting the notices in public places likesoum Governor‟s administrative offices, banks, post offices and flea markets; posting ordelivery of notices to the service provision centers where more women tend to either work orvisit as a client, such as hair-dresser and beauty salon, among others. Furthermore, the notice canbe shared with the vocational schools in Sumber soum, Gobisumber aimag and Sainshand soum,Dornogobi aimag. A close coordination should be also made with social workers of soums alongthe road alignment. The contractor should consider the social spaces and local organizationsPage 49 of 8049
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