OÊı·ÏÌÔÏÔÁ›· - Πανελλήνια Οφθαλμολογική Εταιρεία

OÊı·ÏÌÔÏÔÁ›·, 14, 2 (2002) 163›Ó·Î·˜ 1. ÂÚÈÁÚ·Ê‹ Ùo˘ appleÏËı˘ÛÌo‡ Ùo˘ ÓoÌo‡ ¤ÏÏ·˜ (·applefi 45 ÂÙÒÓ Î·È ¿Óˆ)∂apple·Ú¯›· ÏËı˘ÛÌfi˜ ∞ÛÙÈÎfi˜ ∏ÌÈ·ÛÙÈÎfi˜ ∞ÁÚÔÙÈÎfi˜∞Ï̈apple›·˜ 28949 (21%) 22% 15% 85%°È·ÓÓÈÙÛÒÓ 65988 (47%) 38% 12% 50%Œ‰ÂÛÛ·˜ 43791 (32%) 40% 21% 39%Œ‰ÂÛÛ·˜, ·applefi ÙËÓ ·appleoÁÚ·Ê‹ Ùo˘ appleÏËı˘ÛÌo‡ Ù˘ 17˘ª·ÚÙ›o˘ 1991, Ë oappleo›· ‹Ù·Ó Î·È Ë appleÈo appleÚfiÛÊ·ÙË. ¢È·appleÈ-ÛÙÒÛ·Ì ÏoÈapplefiÓ fiÙÈ Ë Î·Ù·ÓoÌ‹ ÙˆÓ ‰‡o Ê‡ÏˆÓ ÛÙoÓappleÏËı˘ÛÌfi ‹Ù·Ó 1/1, ÂÓÒ Ë Î·Ù·ÓoÌ‹ ÛÙȘ ÙÚÂȘ Âapple·Ú¯›Â˜,ˆ˜ appleÚo˜ Ùo appleoÛoÛÙfi Ùo˘ appleÏËı˘ÛÌo‡ Î·È ÙËÓ ÎoÈÓˆÓÈ΋ۇÓıÂÛË (·ÛÙÈÎfi˜, ËÌÈ·ÛÙÈÎfi˜ Î·È ·ÁÚoÙÈÎfi˜ appleÏËı˘-ÛÌfi˜) ÙˆÓ ÂÓËÏ›ÎˆÓ ¿Óˆ ÙˆÓ 45 ÂÙÒÓ appleo˘ ·appleoÊ·Û›Û·ÌÂÓ· ÌÂÏÂÙ‹Ûo˘Ì ‹Ù·Ó fiappleˆ˜ appleÂÚÈÁÚ¿ÊÂÙ·È ÛÙoÓ apple›Ó·Î· 1.Δo appleÚˆÙfiÎoÏÏo ÌÂϤÙ˘ appleo˘ ¯ÚËÛÈÌoappleoÈ‹ıËΠappleÂ-ÚÈÂÏ¿Ì‚·ÓÂ:1. ∞ÙoÌÈο ÛÙoȯ›· Ùo˘ ·ÛıÂÓo‡˜ (fiÓoÌ·, ʇÏo,ËÏÈΛ·, ÎÏapple.).2. ÚoËÁo‡ÌÂÓË oÊı·ÏÌoÏoÁÈ΋ ÂͤٷÛË (applefiÛ˜ÊoÚ¤˜ Î·È appleo‡).3. OÊı·ÏÌoÏoÁÈÎfi ÈÛÙoÚÈÎfi.4. OÈÎoÁÂÓÂÈ·Îfi oÊı·ÏÌoÏoÁÈÎfi ÈÛÙoÚÈÎfi.5. ÃÚfiÓÈ· ÓoÛ‹Ì·Ù· Î·È appleÈı·Ó‹ ¯ÚfiÓÈ· ¯Ú‹ÛËÊ·Ú̿ΈÓ.6. ŸÚ·ÛË (Ì ‹ ¯ˆÚ›˜ ‰ÈfiÚıˆÛË).7. §ÂappleÙoÌÂÚ‹ ÂͤٷÛË appleÚoÛı›ˆÓ ÌoÚ›ˆÓ Ì ‚ÈoÌÈ-ÎÚoÛÎfiappleËÛË Û ۯÈÛÌoÂȉ‹ Ï˘¯Ó›· (ÂappleÈappleÂÊ˘ÎfiÙ·˜, ÎÂ-Ú·ÙoÂȉ‹˜, ÎÏapple.), ¯ˆÚ›˜ Î·È ˘applefi Ì˘‰Ú›·ÛË (Phenylnefrine5%).8. ∂˘Ú‹Ì·Ù· ·appleoÊoÏ›‰ˆÛ˘.9. £oÏÒÛÂȘ ÛÙoÓ ÎÚ˘ÛÙ·ÏÏoÂȉ‹ Ê·Îfi (›‰o˜ ηÈÛÙ·‰Èoappleo›ËÛË).10. ⁄appleoappleÙ· Â˘Ú‹Ì·Ù· ÁÈ· ·Ó¿appleÙ˘ÍË ∞ ÌÂÏÏoÓÙÈ-ο.11. ŒÏÂÁ¯o˜ ÂÓ‰oÊı¿ÏÌÈ·˜ apple›ÂÛ˘ Ì ÙoÓfiÌÂÙÚoÂappleÈapple¤‰ˆÛ˘ Goldmann.12. °ˆÓÈoÛÎoapple›·: ηٿ ÙËÓ ÂͤٷÛË ‰fiıËΠappleÚo-Ûo¯‹ ÛÙo ‡Úo˜ Ù˘ ÁˆÓ›·˜, ÛÙËÓ ‡apple·ÚÍË ¯ÚˆÛÙÈ΋˜ ηÈÛÙoÓ ‚·ıÌfi Ù˘, ηıÒ˜ Î·È ÛÙËÓ ·Ó‡ÚÂÛË Ù˘ ÁÚ·ÌÌ‹˜Sampaolesi.13. μ˘ıoÛÎfiappleËÛË ˘applefi Ì˘‰Ú›·ÛË: ÂÎÙ›ÌËÛË Ù˘ Îo›-Ï·ÓÛ˘ Ùo˘ oappleÙÈÎo‡ ‰›ÛÎo˘ (c/d ratio), fiappleˆ˜ Î·È Î¿ıÂappleÈı·Ó‹˜ ·ÏÏo›ˆÛ˘ Ùo˘ ‚˘ıo‡ (apple.¯. ‰È·‚ËÙÈ΋ ·ÌÊÈ‚ÏË-ÛÙÚoÂȉoapple¿ıÂÈ·, ˘appleÂÚÙ·ÛÈ΋ ·ÌÊÈ‚ÏËÛÙÚoÂȉoapple¿ıÂÈ·,ˆ¯Úoapple¿ıÂÈ·, ÙoÍoappleÏ·ÛÌÈ΋ o˘Ï‹, ÎÏapple). ·ÛıÂÓ›˜ ‡appleoappleÙo˘˜ ÁÈ· ÁÏ·‡ÎˆÌ· ‰›ÓÔÓÙ·Ó o‰Ë-Á›Â˜ ÁÈ· ÂͤٷÛË oappleÙÈÎÒÓ apple‰›ˆÓ Î·È Âapple·Ó¤ÏÂÁ¯o. ·ÛıÂÓ›˜ appleo˘ Ë ‰È¿ÁÓˆÛË ÁÏ·˘ÎÒÌ·Ùo˜ Ìapple‹Î ÎÏÈÓÈοappleÚo‚ÏÂapplefiÙ·Ó ¿ÌÂÛË ¯oÚ‹ÁËÛË Ê·Ú̷΢ÙÈ΋˜ ·ÁˆÁ‹˜Î·È o‰ËÁ›Â˜ ÁÈ· oappleÙÈο apple‰›·. ΔfiÛo ÛÙo˘˜ apple¿Û¯oÓÙ˜ fiÛoÎ·È ÛÙo˘˜ ˘applefiappleÙo˘˜, ÌÂÙ¿ ÙËÓ ÂͤٷÛË ·ÎoÏo˘ıo‡Û·ÓÛ·Ê›˜ o‰ËÁ›Â˜ ÁÈ· ¤ÏÂÁ¯o Î·È apple·Ú·ÎoÏo‡ıËÛË.ªÂÙ¿ ÙËÓ ‰È·apple›ÛÙˆÛË ¿ÏÏˆÓ oÊı·ÏÌoÏoÁÈÎÒÓappleÚo‚ÏËÌ¿ÙˆÓ (apple.¯. ‰È·‚ËÙÈ΋ ·ÌÊÈ‚ÏËÛÙÚoÂȉoapple¿ıÂÈ·,˘appleÂÚÙ·ÛÈ΋ ·ÌÊÈ‚ÏËÛÙÚoÂȉoapple¿ıÂÈ·, ÎÏapple.) ‰fiıËÛ·Óo‰ËÁ›Â˜ Î·È apple·Ú·apple¤ÌÊıËÎ·Ó oÈ ·ÛıÂÓ›˜ Û ¿ÏϘ È·-ÙÚÈΤ˜ ÂȉÈÎfiÙËÙ˜.Δ· ÎÚÈÙ‹ÚÈ· ‰È¿ÁÓˆÛ˘ Â›Ó·È Ù· ̤¯ÚÈ Û‹ÌÂÚ· ÁÓˆ-ÛÙ¿ ·applefi ÙËÓ ‰ÈÂıÓ‹ ‚È‚ÏÈoÁÚ·Ê›· ÙfiÛo ÁÈ· Ùo ÂÁηÙÂÛÙË-̤Óo Û‡Ó‰ÚÔÌo ·appleoÊoÏ›‰ˆÛ˘21-31 fiÛo Î·È ÁÈ· Ù· «‡-appleoappleÙ·» ÛËÌ›·4,18,26,28,32-34 Ùo˘ appleÚoÎÏÈÓÈÎo‡ ∞.∏ ‰È¿ÁÓˆÛË Ùo˘ ∞ ‚·Û›ÛÙËΠÛÙËÓ ‡apple·ÚÍË ·appleo-ÊoÏȉˆÙÈÎo‡ ˘ÏÈÎo‡ ÛÙo ÎoÚÈÎfi ¯Â›Ïo˜ ‹/Î·È ÛÙo appleÚfiÛıÈoappleÂÚÈÊ¿ÎÈo, ηٿ ÙoÓ ‚ÈoÌÈÎÚoÛÎoappleÈÎfi ¤ÏÂÁ¯o ˘applefi Ì˘-‰Ú›·ÛË. ∫ÏÈÓÈο ÛËÌ›· ‡appleoappleÙ· ÁÈ· appleÈı·Ó‹ ·Ó¿appleÙ˘ÍË·appleoÊoÏ›‰ˆÛ˘ ÌÂÏÏoÓÙÈο, ıˆڋıËÎ·Ó Ù· ÂÍ‹˜: ·ÙÚo-Ê›· ÎoÚÈÎo‡ ¯Â›Ïo˘˜, ÂÓ·applefiıÂÛË ¯ÚˆÛÙÈ΋˜ ÛÙo appleÚfiÛıÈoappleÂÚÈÊ¿ÎÈo, appleÙ‡¯ˆÛË (striata) Ùo˘ appleÚoÛı›o˘ appleÂÚÈʷΛo˘.ŸÏ· Ù· ÛÙoȯ›· ÂÈÛ‹¯ıËÛ·Ó Û ËÏÂÎÙÚoÓÈÎfi ˘appleo-ÏoÁÈÛÙ‹ Î·È appleÈÓ·ÎoappleoÈ‹ıËÎ·Ó Ì ¯Ú‹ÛË Ùo˘ appleÚoÁÚ¿Ì-Ì·Ùo˜ Excell Ùo˘ Microsoft Office (Windows 98). °È·ÙËÓ ÛÙ·ÙÈÛÙÈ΋ ·Ó¿Ï˘ÛË ¯ÚËÛÈÌoappleoÈ‹ıËΠÙo ÛÙ·ÙÈÛÙÈÎfiapple·Î¤Ùo SPSS (Statistical Packages for Social Sciences)Î·È appleÈo Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤ӷ t-student test, Ë ‰oÎÈÌ·Û›· x 2 η-ıÒ˜ Î·È Ë ‰oÎÈÌ·Û›· ANOVA ‹ Kruskal-Wallis, ·Ó¿Ïo-Á· Ì ٷ ‰Â‰o̤ӷ, Î·È ˘appleoÏoÁ›ÛÙËÎ·Ó ·ÓÙ›ÛÙoȯ· oÈÛ˘ÓÙÂÏÂÛÙ¤˜ Û˘Û¯¤ÙÈÛ˘ ηٿ Pearson ‹ Spearman. ΔÈ-̤˜ ƒ ÌÈÎÚfiÙÂÚ˜ Ùo˘ 0,05 ıˆڋıËÎ·Ó ÛÙ·ÙÈÛÙÈÎÒ˜ ÛË-Ì·ÓÙÈΤ˜. Δo appleÚfiÁÚ·ÌÌ· CIA (Confidence IntervalsAnalysis) ¯ÚËÛÈÌoappleoÈ‹ıËΠÁÈ· ÙoÓ appleÚoÛ‰ÈoÚÈÛÌfi وӉȷÛÙËÌ¿ÙˆÓ ÂÌappleÈÛÙoÛ‡Ó˘.∞appleoÙÂϤÛÌ·Ù·O Û˘ÓoÏÈÎfi˜ ·ÚÈıÌfi˜ ÙˆÓ ÂÍÂÙ·Ûı¤ÓÙˆÓ Î·ÈηٷÁڷʤÓÙˆÓ ÛÙo ÂÚ¢ÓËÙÈÎfi appleÚˆÙfiÎoÏÏo ·-Ó‹Ïı ÛÙ· 700 ¿ÙoÌ·. ∏ ·Ó·ÏoÁ›· ·Ó‰ÚÒÓ Î·È Á˘-Ó·ÈÎÒÓ ‹Ù·Ó 1/1 ÙfiÛo ÛÙo Û‡ÓoÏo Ùo˘ ‰Â›ÁÌ·Ùo˜(350 ¿Ó‰Ú˜ Î·È 350 Á˘Ó·›Î˜) fiÛo Î·È Î·Ù¿ ËÏÈ-Îȷ΋ oÌ¿‰· (›Ó. 2).Δ· ¿ÙoÌ· appleo˘ ÂÍÂÙ¿ÛÙËÎ·Ó ‹Ù·Ó ·applefi 45 ¤ˆ˜88 ÂÙÒÓ Î·È Î·Ù·ÓÂÌ‹ıËÎ·Ó Û ٤ÛÛÂÚȘ ËÏÈÎȷΤ˜oÌ¿‰Â˜: 1 Ë oÌ¿‰·: ·applefi 45 ¤ˆ˜ Î·È 54 ÂÙÒÓ, 2 Ë oÌ¿-‰·: ·applefi 55 ¤ˆ˜ Î·È 64 ÂÙÒÓ, 3 Ë oÌ¿‰·: ·applefi 65 ¤ˆ˜Î·È 74 ÂÙÒÓ Î·È 4 Ë oÌ¿‰·: ·applefi 75 ÂÙÒÓ Î·È ¿Óˆ.ÚoÎÂÈ̤Óo˘ Ó· Â›Ó·È ·ÓÙÈappleÚoÛˆapple¢ÙÈÎfi Ùo˘appleÏËı˘ÛÌo‡ Ùo˘ ÓoÌo‡ Ùo ÂÍÂÙ·Ûı¤Ó ‰Â›ÁÌ·, ÊÚo-ÓÙ›Û·Ì ٷ appleoÛoÛÙ¿ Ùo˘ ‰Â›ÁÌ·Ùo˜ Ó· ÂÎÊÚ¿˙o˘Ó