The-Eclipse-of-Islam-What-happend-to-Islam-after-Umar-by-G-A-Parwez-Tolue-Islam-Trust

G l o s s a r y___________________________________________________Haram and Halal - Forbidden and allowedHijrat – Migration of the Prophet from Mecca to MedinaIjtehad – Independent judgmentJahilliyat – The age of ignorance. (Usually pre-Islamic period isreferred as Jahilliyat).Kafir – Unbeliever/InfidelKalma – Confession that God is One and Mohammad (PBUH) is Hisprophet.Kashf - Divine inspirationKhilafat - CaliphateKhalifa-fil-ard – God’s vicegerent on earthKharijites – At the battle of Saffain when Hazrat Ali acceptedmediation, a large group from his supporters repudiated his cause,citing the verse, "No rule but God's", leaving to fight both sides. Intheir opinion, the right of arbitration was God's alone, and the choiceof caliph should not be questioned by mere mortals. Thus theyopposed both Muāwiyya for his “rebellion” and Alī for submitting to thearbitration. They became known as Kharijites: Arabic plural Khawārij,singular Khārijī, derived from the verb kharaja "come out, leave thehold. Their ideas sparked discussions about the nature of God,predestination and human freedom.Khulfa-i-Rashidin - The first four Righteous Caliphs also known as theOrthodox Caliphs – they are Hazrat Abu Bakr (632-634 AD), HazratUmar Ibn Khattab (634-644 AD), Hazrat Usman Ibn Affan (644-656AD) and Hazrat Ali Ibn Abi Talib (656-661).______________________________________________________________What happened to Islam after Umar? [ 125 ]