network protocols handbook.pdf

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200Protocols GuideLAN - Ethernet ProtocolsBurst Timer (1500 bytes)CARRIERSENSESlot Time (512 bytes)ExtensionbitsTRANSMITDATAPACKET #1 RRRRRRR PACKET #2 RRR PACKET #3 RRR PACKET #4Figure 2-12: Packet Bursting Mode in Gigabit EthernetRelated protocolsIEEE 802.3, 802.3u, 802.3z, 802.3ab, 802.2, 802.1, 802.3ae,802.1D, 802.1G, 802.1Q, 802.1p, 802.1wSponsor SourceGigabit Ethernet standards are defined by IEEE (http://www.ieee.org) 802.3z (1000BaseX0 and 802.3ab(1000BaseT).Referencehttp://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/cisintwk/ito_doc/ethernet.htmEthernet Technologieshttp://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/~jain/cis788-97/ftp/gigabit_ethernet/index.htmGigabit Ethernethttp://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/~jain/refs/gbe_refs.htmLinks and reference regarding Ethernet
201Protocols GuideLAN - Ethernet ProtocolsProtocol Name10 Gigabit Ethernet: The EthernetProtocol IEEE 802.3aefor LAN, WAN and MANProtocol Description10-Gigabit Ethernet, standardized in IEEE 802.3ae, offers dataspeeds up to 10 billion bits per second. Built on the Ethernettechnology used in most of today’s local area networks (LANs),it offers similar benefits to those of the preceding Ethernet standard.10-Gigabit Ethernet is used to interconnect local area networks(LANs), wide area networks (WANs), and metropolitanarea networks (MANs). 10-Gigabit Ethernet uses the familiarIEEE 802.3 Ethernet media access control (MAC) protocol andits frame format and size. However, it supports full duplex but nothalf-duplex mode and only functions over optical fiber. Therefore,it does not need the carrier-sensing multiple-access withCollision Detection (CSMA/CD) protocol used in other Ethernetstandards. The 10 Gigabit Ethernet architecture is displayed asfollows:WWDMLAN PHY8B/10BWWDMPDM1310nmSerialPMD850nmFull Duplex 802.3 Media Access Control (MAC)10Gb Media Independent Interface (XGMII) or10Gb Attachment Unit Interface (XAUI)Serial LAN PHY64B/66BSerialPMD1310nmSerialPMD1550nmSerialPMD850nmFigure 2-13: 10 Gigabit Ethernet ArchitectureSerial WAN PHY64B/66B + WISSerialPMD1310nmSerialPMD1550nmThe 10 Gigabit specifications, contained in the IEEE 802.3aesupplement to the 802.3 standard, provides support to extendthe 802.3 protocol and MAC specification to an operating speedof 10 Gb/s. In addition to the data rate of 10 Gb/s, 10-GigabitEthernet is able to accommodate slower date rates such as9.584640 Gb/s (OC-192), through its “WAN interface sublayer”(WIS) which allows 10 Gigabit Ethernet equipment to be compatiblewith the Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) STS-192c transmission format.The 10GBASE-SR and 10GBASE-SW media types are designedfor use over short wavelength (850 nm) multimode fiber(MMF), which covers a fiber distance from 2 meters to 300 meters..The 10GBASE-SR media type is designed for use overdark fiber, meaning a fiber optic cable that is not in use and thatis not connected to any other equipment. The 10GBASE-SWmedia type is designed to connect to SONET equipment, whichis typically used to provide long distance data communications.The 10GBASE-LR and 10GBASE-LW media types are designedfor use over long wavelength (1310 nm) single-modefiber (SMF), which covers a fiber distance from 2 meters to 10kilometers (32,808 feet). The 10GBASE-LR media type is designedfor use over dark fiber, while the 10GBASE-LW mediatype is designed to connect to SONET equipment.The 10GBASE-ER and 10GBASE-EW media types are designedfor use over extra long wavelength (1550 nm) singlemodefiber (SMF), which covers a fiber distance from 2 metersup to 40 kilometers (131,233 feet). The 10GBASE-ER mediatype is designed for use over dark fiber, while the 10GBASE-EWmedia type is designed to connect to SONET equipment.Finally, there is a 10GBASE-LX4 media type, which uses wavedivision multiplexing technology to send signals over four wavelengthsof light carried over a single pair of fiber optic cables.The 10GBASE-LX4 system is designed to operate at 1310 nmover multi-mode or single-mode dark fiber. The design goal forthis media system is from 2 meters up to 300 meters over multimodefiber or from 2 meters up to 10 kilometers over singlemodefiber.Protocol Structure10 gigabit Ethernet has a minimum frame of 64 bytes and maximumup to 1518bytes, as for the Ethernet 802.3.7 1 6 6 2 46=< n =
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ITable of ContentsTable of Contents
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IVTable of ContentsCR-LDP: Constrai
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VITable of ContentsCOPS: Common Ope
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VIIITable of ContentsGARP: Generic
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XIVPerfacePrefaceWe are living in t
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2Network Communication Architecture
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10Network Communication Architectur
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12Protocols GuideTCP/IP Protocolspo
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14Protocols GuideTCP/IP - Applicati
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52Protocols GuideTCP/IP - Session L
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54Protocols GuideTCP/IP - Transport
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64Protocols GuideTCP/IP - Network L
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98Protocols GuideTCP/IP - Data Link
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100Protocols GuideTCP/IP - Data Lin
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102Protocols GuideSecurity and VPNP
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104Protocols GuideSecurity and VPN
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120Protocols GuideVoice Over IP(VOI
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Page 166 and 167: 150Protocols GuideWANOtherxDSL: Dig
Page 168 and 169: 152Protocols GuideWAN - ATM Protoco
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250Protocols GuideISO Protocols - A
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262Protocols GuideISO Protocols - N
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268Protocols GuideCisco ProtocolsPr
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278Protocols GuideCisco Protocolsti
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280Protocols GuideNovell NetWare an
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288Protocols GuideIBM ProtocolsSNAT
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290Protocols GuideIBM ProtocolsProt
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292Protocols GuideIBM ProtocolsSNA
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300Protocols GuideAppleTalk: Apple
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302Protocols GuideDECnet and Protoc
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304Protocols GuideSS7 / C7 Protocol
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318Protocols GuideOther Protocols
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320Protocols GuideOther ProtocolsPr
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322Protocols GuideOther ProtocolsPr
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324Network Protocols Dictionary: Fr
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342Network Communication Protocols
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